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"Skripsi ini membahas mengenai keterhubungan antara arsitektur dan ideologi dalam keterkaitannya dengan ruang kota Pyongyang dan Seoul. Studi berfokus pada ruang kota yang memperlihatkan perbedaan ideologi mendasar antara sosialisme totaliter Korea Utara dan kapitalisme demokratis Korea Selatan. Studi dilakukan melalui pendekatan arsitektur monumental pada lingkup Distrik Chung-guyŏk dan Sub-distrik Yeouido sebagai representasi pusat kota Pyongyang dan Seoul. Arsitektur monumental menjadi kajian spesifik dikarenakan perannya yang mampu menjadi representasi identitas, ideologi, dan memori kolektif suatu kelompok masyarakat. Berdasarkan hasil analisis, diperoleh temuan bahwa implementasi ideologi yang kontras berpengaruh signifikan dalam menghasilkan tipe arsitektur yang berbeda. Arsitektur Pyongyang memiliki penekanan terhadap fungsinya sebagai media propaganda dan simbolisasi eksplisit terhadap cita-cita ideologi nasional, Juche, serta kekuasaan pemerintah pusat yang absolut. Di sisi lain, arsitektur Seoul lebih berfokus pada penyampaian ideologi secara implisit dan kontekstual, terutama terkait perkembangan ekonomi Korea Selatan sebagai salah satu negara maju di kawasan Asia Timur. Perbedaan mendasar lainnya terletak pada pola penggunaan ruang Pyongyang yang berfokus kepada intensitas, sementara Seoul pada rutinitas dalam membangun keterikatan suatu bangunan monumental terhadap masyarakat kota

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The goal of this study is understanding relationship between architecture and ideology in the context of Pyongyang and Seoul urban areas. This study focuses on ideological contrast between the socialist and totalitarian North Korea and the capitalist democratic South Korea. Through the idea of monumentality, this study discusses the city architecture of Chung-guyŏk District and Yeouido Sub-district, as the city center of Pyongyang and Seoul. Monumental architecture is studied specifically due to its representative function of identity, ideology, and collective memory of the society it belongs to. Based of analysis on the elements of the city, contrast in ideology plays a significant impact in generating different architectural types. On one hand, Pyongyang’s architecture focuses more on its function as a medium of propaganda and explicit symbolization of the national ideology, Juche, along with the absolute power of its national government. On the other hand, Seoul’s architecture is translating the ideology in a more implicit and contextual manner, especially regarding South Korea’s economic boom as one of the leading countries in East Asia. Another underlying difference is on Pyongyang’s spatial pattern which focuses on intensity, compared to Seoul’s focus on frequency in building attachment between a monumental building and the urban society."

"This book analyses the interface between medicine and colonial society through the lens of gender. Based on hitherto unused primary sources the work traces how since almost the beginning of the nineteenth century the growth of hospital medicine in Bengal created a space, albeit small, for providing Western health care to female patients. It observes that, unlike in the colonial setup, before the advent of hospital medicine women were treated mostly by female practitioners of indigenous therapies who had commendable skill as practitioners. The book also explores the linkages of growth of medical education for women and the role of the Indian reformers as well as British administrators in this process. The manuscript tackles several crucial questions including those of racial discrimination, reproductive health practices, sexual health, famines and mortality, and the role of womens agencies and other organizations in popularizing Western medicine and health care. Thus this work, explores the different processes which contributed towards the shaping of the discursive domain of medicine with a bearing on womens health as well as highlights different dimensions of empirical developments. In the process it enriches our understanding of colonialism, gender, and politics of medicine in the nineteenth and twentieth century in a novel way."