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"Keberhasilan penanggulangan penyakit menular seksual (PMS) tidak hanya tergantung pada mutu pelayanan, tetapi juga tergantung pada faktor manusianya terutama perilaku pencegahan dan perilaku pencarian pengobatan. Salah satu faktor yang panting diperhatikan adalah perilaku pencarian pengobatan, karena kegiatan penanggulangan PMS terutama adalah penemuan penderita secara dini dan segera diobati. Hal ini disebabkan karena PMS dapat bersifat merusak kesehatan dan dapat berakibat fatal serta komplikasi. Selain itu PMS mempermudah penularan virus HIV dari seorang ke orang lain. Sebaliknya infeksi HIV menyebabkan seseorang lebih mudah` terserang PMS dan lebih sukar diobati.Dari beberapa hasil survei menunjukkan bahwa banyak penderita PMS yang tidak mencari pengobatan sehingga meinungkinkan terjadinya penularan kepada orang lain atau kepada pasangan mereka. Selain itu penderita yang tidak berobat memungkinkan terjadinya peningkatan kasus HIV. Penderita PMS yang mencari pengobatan sendiri memungkinkan terjadinya resistensi penyakit tersebut terhadap obat antibiotik yang digunakan secara tidak teratur, atau obat yang digunakan hanya antiseptik dan jamu diragukan kesembuhannya.Tujuan penelitian untuk menentukan faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan perilaku pencarian pengobatan pada penderita PMS di Kabupaten Indramayu. Penelitian ini menggunakan jenis desain potong lintang (cross sectional), dengan sampel adalah sebagian dari pria/klien yang menderita penyakit menular seksual dalam 1 (sate) tahun. terakhir yang berkunjung ke lokalisasi/tempat prostitusi yang ada di wilayah Kabupaten Indramayu.Dari basil penelitian diperoleh bahwa dari 384 responden yang pernah mengalami PMS dalam 1 (satu) tabu' terakhir sewaktu dilaksanakan penelitian, sebanyak 22 responden (5,7%) tidak mencari pengobatan dan 362 responden (94,3%) mencari pengobatan. Dari 362 responden tersebut pengobatan pertama yang dilakukannya adalah dengan melakukan pengobatan sendiri 121 responden (33,4%) dan yang ke pelayanan kesehatan 241 responden (66,6%).Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan bermakna antara yang tidak mencari pengobatan dan yang mencari pengobatan adalah variabel persepsi sakit (OR 14,40; 95%CI 3,77-55,01) dan biaya pengobatan (OR 19,71; 95% CI 6,17-62,95). Faktor-faktor yang berhubungan bermakna antara yang mengobati sendiri dan yang ke pelayananan kesehatan adalah variabel-variabel status perkawinan (OR 2,27; 95 CI 1,11-4,64), persepsi sakit (OR 6,24; 95% CI 3,30 - 11,79), dan anjuran berobat (OR 2,11 ; 95% CI 1,30 -3,41).Disarankan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan penderita PMS dengan memberikan penyuluhan, terutama dalam meningkatkan pemahaman bahwa pengobatan dengan antiseptik dan jamu bukanlah obat yang tepat untuk pengobatan PMS. Selain itu perlu ditingkatkan penyuluhan tentang bahaya PMS dan upaya-upaya pencegahan yang mungkin dilakukan untuk mengurangi risiko penularan PMS. Melalui upaya pencegahan seperti menggunakan kondom, diharapkan dapat mengurangi biaya pengobatan.

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Related Factors to Health Seeking Behavior on Sexual Transmitted Disease Clients That Visited to Prostitution Area in Indramayu District in Year 2000The successful prevention of sexual transmitted disease (STD) does not only depend on quality of services but also depends an human factors in particular health seeking behavior and prevention. One of the most important factors is health seeking behavior, because the most important STD prevention activity is to find patients and to cure them immediately. This is because STD could damage person health and could be fatal and complicated. Beside that, STD facilitate HIV including complication and fatal outcome. In contrary, HIV infection easily contracted to infected STD but difficult to cure.

Several surveys, show that many STD patients do not seek for treatment, and will infect to other person including their spouses. Beside that, untreated STD patients will increase the number of HIV cases. Patients who is seek self treatment will cause resistance STD drugs due to irregular intake. The patients only use antiseptic drugs and traditional medicine of which the efficacy is questionable.

The objective of this research is to analysis related factors to health seeking behavior in STD patients in Indramayu District. This research is based on cross sectional design method of patients with sexual transmitted disease that visited existing prostitution area in Indramayu District during one year.

In the study was found that 384 respondents has suffered from STD during the year 362 respondents (94.3%) did seek treatment and 22 did not (5.7%). 121 respondents (33.4%) preferred self-treatment initially and, 241 respondents (66.6%) went to health facilities.

Factors that significantly influence health seeking behavior (treatment or non treatment) are disease perception variable (OR 14.40; 95%CI 3.77-55.01) and treatment cost (OR 19.81; 95%CI 6.17-62.95). Related factors influencing the choice between and seeking treatment at health facilities are marital status variables (OR 2.27; 95%CI 1.11-4.64), disease perception (OR 6.24; 95%CI 3.30-11.79), and advice by others to take treatment (OR 2.11; 95%CI 1.30-3.41).

In conclusion, it is recommended to increase knowledge to STD patients by giving health education in particular to increase their understanding that antiseptic treatment and traditional medicine is not an appropriate method for STD treatment. Beside that it is necessary to increase knowledge on dangers of STD and intensify efforts to decrease the risk of STD infection (by condom use). These efforts will lower treatment costs."

"Prevalensi IMS tinggi pada WPSL. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konsistensi penggunaan kondom pada satu bulan terakhir dengan kejadian Infeksi Menular seksual pada wanita penjaja seks langsung (WPSL). Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross sectional. Sumber data hasil Survey Terpadu Biologis dan Perilaku Tahun 2011. Populasi adalah wanita penjaja seks langsung (WPSL) di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Jumlah sampel adalah 500 responden. Hasil penelitian prevalensi IMS pada WPSL 21%, sebagian besar WPSL tidak konsisten menggunakan kondom 76 %. Hasil analisis bivariat menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan tidak bermakna antara konsistensi penggunaan kondom dengan kejadian IMS OR 1.14 (95%CI 0.66;2.3). Peningkatan konsistensi penggunaan kondom dan peningkatan peluang menggunakan kondom.

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STDs prevalence is high in the WPSL. This study aims to determine the relationship the consistency of condom use in the last month with the incidence of sexually transmitted infections in female sex workers directly (WPSL). This study uses crosssectional study design. Data is collected secondary data results of Integrated Biological and Behavioral Survey in 2011. Population is female direct sex workers (WPSL) in West Java province. Number of sample is 500 respondents. The study found that the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in female sex workers directly (WPSL) by 21% most of the WPSL is inconsistent use of condoms 76%. The results of bivariate analysis showed that there was no significant relationship between the consistency of condom use with the incidence of STI OR 1:14 (95% CI 0.66; 2.3). Increase particularly the consistent use of condoms and increased opportunities to use condoms."

"Waria merupakan salah satu kelompok masyarakat yang mempunyai resiko tinggi tertular IMS di mana profesi waria merupakan salah satu faktor yang mendorong timbulnya gka IMS. Anal merupakan media bagi waria dalam memberikan pelayanan seksual kepada pemakai waria.Keberhasilan penanggulangan IMS tidak banya bergantung pada mutu pelayanan yang diterima tetapi juga bergantung Kepada perilaku perilaku pencegahan dan pencarian pengobatan. Oleh karena itu, kegiatan pencegahan dan penanggulangan IMS lebih dititikberatkan pada penemuan penderita secara dini dan-segera diobati.Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mendapatkan gambaran perilaku waria dalam pencarian pengobatan yang biasa mejeng atau melakukan transaksi seksual di Gelanggang Olahiaga Remaja Kota Bekasi. Penelitian didesain sebagai penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan pendekatan grounded research theory."

"[Penelitian ini membahas tentang modal sosial apa saja yang dimiliki LSM Bandungwangi sekaligus melihat bagaimana peran modal sosial tersebut dalam upaya pencegahaan penularan HIV AIDS yang dilakukan di kalangan PSP. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa Bandungwangi sebagai sebuah LSM memiliki modal sosial berupa jaringan sosial yang menciptakan ikatan sosial antara Bandungwangi dengan PSP lembaga donor pemerintah. LSM lain dan antar Staf dalam Bandungwangi sendiri Ikatan sosial ini nyatanya membangun nilai dan norma bersama mengenai kebiasaan sehari hari nilai bekerja sebagai PSP dan kelebihan Bandungwangi dalam menjangkau komunitas PSP. Nilai dan norma bersama ini yang kemudian membangun kepercayaan antar aktor. Bentuk modal sosial seperti ini menandakan bahwa bonding dan bridging Bandungwangi kepada aktor aktor tersebut berhasil dibangun. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa kelemahan modal sosial Bandungwangi terletak pada jaringannya dengan LSM lain yang kurang dimaksimalkan. Masing masing bentuk modal sosial yang dimiliki LSM Bandungwangi juga terbukti berperan dalam membangun komunikasi kordinasi meningkatkan reputasi hingga menciptakan tindakan kolektif upaya pencegahan penularan HIV AIDS pada tataran partisipasi kegiatan. Penelitian ini mengisi kekosongan pembahasan mengenai modal sosial LSM dalam upaya pencegahan penularan HIV AIDS di kalangan PSP yang belum pernah dilakukan sebelumnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan strategi studi kasus pada LSM Bandungwangi. Terdapat 12 informan dalam penelitian ini yang dipilih secara purposive.

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This study discusses about what kind of social capital NGO in preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS by women sex workers. This study also looking for how social capital influence of preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS. The finding shows that Bandungwangi as an NGO has social capital there are social network who created social tie among Bandungwangi sex workers funding organizations government another NGOs and Stafs in Bandungwangi who was sex workers. This social tie builds the collective values and norms about daily habits work rsquo s point of view as sex workers. Collective values and norms build the trust between the actors This kind of social capital mark that Bandungwangi's bonding and bridging to another actors perfectly build. The finding also shows that the weakness of Bandungwangi's social capital is social network with other NGO. Each of these forms Bandungwangi's social capital also proved instrumental in building communication coordination improved reputation and creating collective action to participation activities of preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS. This study fills a void a discusiion about social capital NGO in preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS by women sex workers that has never been done before. This study using qualitative approach with study case strategy in Bandungwangi NGO in East Jakarta. Consist of twelfth participants they were selected by purposive sampling.;This study discusses about what kind of social capital NGO in preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS by women sex workers This study also looking for how social capital influence of preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS The finding shows that Bandungwangi as an NGO has social capital there are social network who created social tie among Bandungwangi sex workers funding organizations government another NGOs and Stafs in Bandungwangi who was sex workers This social tie builds the collective values and norms about daily habits work rsquo s point of view as sex workers Collective values and norms build the trust between the actors This kind of social capital mark that Bandungwangi rsquo s bonding and bridging to another actors perfectly build The finding also shows that the weakness of Bandungwangi rsquo s social capital is social network with other NGO Each of these forms Bandungwangi rsquo s social capital also proved instrumental in building communication coordination improved reputation and creating collective action to participation activities of preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS This study fills a void a discusiion about social capital NGO in preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS by women sex workers that has never been done before This study using qualitative approach with study case strategy in Bandungwangi NGO in East Jakarta Consist of twelfth participants they were selected by purposive sampling;This study discusses about what kind of social capital NGO in preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS by women sex workers This study also looking for how social capital influence of preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS The finding shows that Bandungwangi as an NGO has social capital there are social network who created social tie among Bandungwangi sex workers funding organizations government another NGOs and Stafs in Bandungwangi who was sex workers This social tie builds the collective values and norms about daily habits work rsquo s point of view as sex workers Collective values and norms build the trust between the actors This kind of social capital mark that Bandungwangi rsquo s bonding and bridging to another actors perfectly build The finding also shows that the weakness of Bandungwangi rsquo s social capital is social network with other NGO Each of these forms Bandungwangi rsquo s social capital also proved instrumental in building communication coordination improved reputation and creating collective action to participation activities of preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS This study fills a void a discusiion about social capital NGO in preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS by women sex workers that has never been done before This study using qualitative approach with study case strategy in Bandungwangi NGO in East Jakarta Consist of twelfth participants they were selected by purposive sampling, This study discusses about what kind of social capital NGO in preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS by women sex workers This study also looking for how social capital influence of preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS The finding shows that Bandungwangi as an NGO has social capital there are social network who created social tie among Bandungwangi sex workers funding organizations government another NGOs and Stafs in Bandungwangi who was sex workers This social tie builds the collective values and norms about daily habits work rsquo s point of view as sex workers Collective values and norms build the trust between the actors This kind of social capital mark that Bandungwangi rsquo s bonding and bridging to another actors perfectly build The finding also shows that the weakness of Bandungwangi rsquo s social capital is social network with other NGO Each of these forms Bandungwangi rsquo s social capital also proved instrumental in building communication coordination improved reputation and creating collective action to participation activities of preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS This study fills a void a discusiion about social capital NGO in preventing the contagious of HIV AIDS by women sex workers that has never been done before This study using qualitative approach with study case strategy in Bandungwangi NGO in East Jakarta Consist of twelfth participants they were selected by purposive sampling]"

"Summary : Examines the scope of sexually transmitted infections in the United States and provides a critical assessment of the nation's response to this public health crisis.This book identifies the components. Contents :1. Introduction and Background --2. The Neglected Health and Economic Impact of STDs. Broad Scope and Impact of STDs. Health Consequences of STDs. Impact of STDs on HIV Transmission. Economic Consequences of STDs --3. Factors that Contribute to the Hidden Epidemic. Biological Factors. Social Factors. Secrecy as a Contributing Factor --4. Prevention of STDs. Issues in Prevention. Reducing Exposure and Transmission. Reducing Duration of Infection --5. Current STD-Related Services. Clinical Services. National Surveillance and Information Systems. Training and Education of Health Professionals. Funding of Services --6. Establishing an Effective National System to Prevent STDs. Laying the Foundation for a National System. Strategy 1: Promote Health Sexual Behaviors. Strategy 2: Develop Leadership. Strategy 3: Focus on Adolescents and Underserved Populations. Strategy 4: Ensure Access to Services. Collaborating to Improve Services."