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"Palu City is an active seismic area in Indonesia due to the very active Palu-Koro fault system. The development of the city area, therefore, must consider the risks induced by the seismic activities. The risk assessment has to be supported by information on subsurface characteristics. The aim of this study is to investigate the characteristics of the subsurface of the area by considering the value of Vs30 (top 30 m shear-wave velocity). This parameter has been related to the estimation of the site’s ground shaking during the occurrence of an earthquake. The measurements taken in the deep soil sediment include the microtremor array, using the spatial auto correlations (SPAC) method, as well as the site’s dominant period measurement, using the horizontal-to-vertical spectral ratio (HVSR) method. All these parameters were local site parameters, which could be subsequently related to a description of the potential impact in an area near to the epicenter. The measurement of Vs30 was conducted in collaboration between the Indonesian Agency for Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics (Badan Meteorologi, Klimatologi, dan Geofisika) (BMKG) and the University of Indonesia (Universitas Indonesia) (UI); the overall surveys included Vs30 measurements at 44 sites, microtremor array surveys at 10 sites, and the dominant period measurements at 74 sites. The overall results indicated that there is a good correlation between Vs30 and the dominant period. In general, Palu City is predominantly a class-D site, but the northwest part of the Palu area is a class-C site."

"Saat ini telah dikembangkan cara alternatif untuk menjawab permasalahan emisi gas CO2 hasil eksplorasi dan produksi migas dengan menginjeksikan gas emisi CO2 ke dalam sebuah reservoir penyimpanan atau yang disebut sebagai Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). Metode ini telah diterapkan sejak tahun 1996 pada lapangan Sleipner, Laut Utara Norwegia yang dilakukan pada formasi Pasir Utsira karena dianggap memiliki kualitas batu pasir yang baik serta persebarannya yang luas (Baklid dkk., 1996). Studi ini menerapkan metode Inversi seismik Model-based yang digunakan untuk mendapatkan nilai impedansi akustik dari susunan lapisan batuan pada reservoir penyimpanan lapangan ini dengan mengintegrasikan dua data seismik 3D post stack tahun 1994 dan 2010 dengan dua data sumur. Litologi formasi target yaitu Top hingga Base Utsira didominasi oleh batu pasir dengan pembacaan nilai gamma ray rendah yang berasosiasi dengan nilai impedansi rendah. Pada kedua penampang seismik didapatkan nilai impedansi akustik pada target reservoir yaitu Top hingga Base Utsira dengan rentang nilai 2300—3200 ((m/s)*(g/cc)). Peta persebaran AI pada Top Utsira untuk penampang seismik tahun 1994 menunjukkan rentang nilai 3100—3700 ((m/s)*(g/cc)) dan pada penampang seismik tahun 2010 menunjukkan rentang nilai 3100—3800 ((m/s)*(g/cc)).

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Currently, an alternative method has been developed to answer the problem of CO2 gas emissions resulting from oil and gas exploration and production by injecting CO2 emission gas into a storage reservoir or what is known as Carbon Capture and Storage (CCS). This method has been applied since 1996 in the Sleipner field, North Sea of ​​Norway which was carried out on the Utsira Sand formation because it is considered to have good sandstone quality and wide distribution (Baklid et al., 1996). This study applies the Model-based seismic inversion method which is used to obtain the value of the acoustic impedance of the rock layer arrangement in this field storage reservoir by integrating two 3D post stack seismic data acquired in 1994 and 2010 with two well data. The lithology of the target formation is Top to Base Utsira which is dominated by sandstone with low gamma ray readings associated with low impedance values. In both seismic data, the acoustic impedance values at the reservoir target from Top to Base Utsira is in the range of 2300-3200 ((m/s)*(g/cc)). The AI distribution map for the 1994 seismic on Top Utsira shows a value range of 3100-3700 ((m/s)*(g/cc)) and for 2010 seismic shows a value range of 3100-3800 ((m/s)*(g/ cc))."