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"Uji mikronukleus adalah cara yang lebih mudah untuk melihat patah kromosom, dibandingkan pemeriksaan sitogenetika yang lazim digunakan. Salah satu cara standar uji mikronukleus adalah dengan meneliti limfosit berinti dua yang didapat dari biakan. Untuk membiakkan limfosit, diperlukan sarana khusus dan biayanya relatif tinggi. Pada penelitan terdahulu, dengan cara sederhana, kami telah berhasil membuat sediaan yang kaya sel mononuklir bersitoplasma banyak, yang diharapkan dapat menggantikan limfosit berinti dua pada uji mikronukleus standar. Pada penelitian ini kami bertujuan untuk menguji sensitivitas dan spesifisitas uji mikronukleus pada sediaan yang kaya sel mononuklir bersitoplasma banyak, dibanding dengan pada limfosit berinti dua (cara standar). Untuk itu, kami melakukan kedua macam uji mikronukleus pada penderita keganasan yang berobat di Pav. E RIA, Bagian kebidanan, FKUI-RSCM. Kedua uji mikronukleus dilakukan sebelum dan sesudah dilakukan kemoterapi, dan hasil kedua cara tersebut diperbandingkan, untuk mendapatkan sensitivitas dan spesifisitas cara yang baru. Hasil penelitian kami menunjukkan bahwa menurut hasil sampai saat ini, sensitivitas cara baru sangat baik, sehingga dapat dipakai menggantikan cara standar. Akan tetapi, spesifisitasnya masih perlu ditentukan, dengan melanjutkan penelitian ini, sampai didapat hasil negative menurut cara standar yang cukup banyak.

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Micronucleus test is a relative easier method to detect chromosomal breakage compared to the conventional cytogenetic analysis. One of the standard micronucleus tests is the test on binucleated lymphocytes generated in cultures. Culturing Lymphocytes needs special equipments and a relative high cost. In our previous research, we succeeded in establishing a simple method to prepare specimens rich in mononuclear cells with abundant cytoplasm. These specimens are a candidate to replace the binucleated lymphocyte specimens in order to establish a new and easier micronucleus test.

Therefore, this research aimed to check the sensitivity and specificity of the new test. We performed both tests on patients with malignancy, who came to Pav. E RIA, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, FMUI-RSCM. The tests were done before and after chemotherapy. The results of both tests were compared to gel the sensitivity and specificity of the new test. Our results showed that concerning the data analyzed this far, the sensitivity of the new method is quite good, so that the new method can replace the standard method. However, the specificity needs to be evaluated. Therefore, this research should be continued until enough samples show negative results according to the standard micronucleus test."

"The name chromosome was given by Waldeyer (in about 1888). This name is appropriate in view of the intense affinity of this structure for nucledphilicdeyes (Chroma = color; soma a body). Fifteen years earlier the now called chromosome had been described in dividing cells by Schneider to thread-like structures in these cells. In 1884 Nageli had introduced a special hereditary material, which he called "idioplasm", which according to other investigators was identical to the chromatin of the nucleus.Cytogenetics is one of the most rapidly developing field of modern biology, despite its very slow beginning. It is recognized as being basic to the understanding of many aspects of the broad science of heredity. For a good appreciation of recent studies on human cytogenetics, some knowledge of the history of human cytogenetics, which developed hand in hand with the technical development of studying chromosomes, seems to be necessary. Investigations on cytogenetics could be said to have started with the work of Arnold (1879) and Flemming (1882), who examined mitotic process for the first time. Arnold observed the genetic material in tumor cells. Flemming studied various cell division stages in the plant Lilium croceum, and in embryos of salamander (1882 ), who then introduced the term "chromatin" by which he meant the nuclear substance stainable with nuclear dyes."