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"[ABSTRAKIkan kurisi merupakan salah satu ikan ekonomis penting di perairanTangerang dan sekitarnya. Intensitas pemanfaatan sumberdaya ikan kurisi akhirakhirini semakin meningkat, seiring dengan meningkatnya permintaan akankomoditas ini terutama untuk bahan surimi. Penelitian bertujuan mengkaji aspekbiologi ikan kurisi (N. peronii), potensi dan tingkat pemanfaatan, serta optimasipemanfaatannya di perairan Tangerang. Metode yang digunakan adalah metodesurvey dengan sampel ikan kurisi pada alat tangkap cantrang dan apollo. Analisisparameter populasi digunakan program FiSAT II dan pengkajian potensi lestariMaximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) dianalisis dengan model surplus produksi.Optimasi pemanfaatan dilakukan dengan analisis Linier Programing. Hasil penelitianmenunjukkan pola pertumbuhan ikan kurisi bersifat allometrik negatif. Panjang danberat ikan kurisi berkorelasi erat. Ukuran panjang pertama kali tertangkap (Lc) 16,34cm. Parameter pertumbuhan menunjukkan ikan kurisi diperkirakan mampu mencapaipanjang 28,03 cm dengan laju pertumbuhan lambat sebesar 0,49 cm per tahun. Lajumortalitas lebih besar disebabkan oleh kematian alami. Tingkat eksploitasi masihberada di bawah nilai optimum dan perlu kehati-hatian dalam pengelolaannya.Pendugaan MSY dan F-Opt sebesar 494 ton/tahun dan 743 unit alat tangkap standarcantrang. Dari analisis optimasi menghasilkan jenis alat tangkap yangdirekomendasikan yaitu 743 unit alat tangkap cantrang.

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ABSTRACTThreadfin bream is one of the important and high economical fish that can be foundin Tangerang?s waters and its surounding. The use of threadfin bream increasesnowadays, alligned with the increasing demand of these commodities, especially forSurimi. The research is aimed to exercise the biological aspects of threadfin bream(N. peronii); the potential and the number of utilization of it, as well as theoptimization of water utilization in Tangerang.The research method used by thewriter was a survey method using threadfin bream caught by fishing gear namedCantrang and Apollo as the samples.The writer used FiSAT II program to do theanalysis of population parameters, and used a surplus production model to assess theMaximum Sustainable Yield (MSY). Linear Programming Analysis was used toanalize the use of optimization. The research?s result showed that the growing patternof threadfin bream was negative allometric. There was a close correlation betweenthe length and weight of the growing fish with their length when first being caught(Lc) 16.34 cm. Threadfin bream?s growth parameters showed that threadfin breamwere expected to grow until 28.03 cm long, with a slow growth rate is 0.49 cm peryear. Mortality rate was caused by natural fish death. The level of exploitation belowthe maximum value, so it needs to be managed prudentially. The estimation of MSYand F - Opt are 494 tons/ year, and 743 units of standard Cangkrang fishing gear.From the analysis of optimization, it produced the types of recommended fishinggears, 743 units of Cantrang fishing gear.;Threadfin bream is one of the important and high economical fish that can be foundin Tangerang’s waters and its surounding. The use of threadfin bream increasesnowadays, alligned with the increasing demand of these commodities, especially forSurimi. The research is aimed to exercise the biological aspects of threadfin bream(N. peronii); the potential and the number of utilization of it, as well as theoptimization of water utilization in Tangerang.The research method used by thewriter was a survey method using threadfin bream caught by fishing gear namedCantrang and Apollo as the samples.The writer used FiSAT II program to do theanalysis of population parameters, and used a surplus production model to assess theMaximum Sustainable Yield (MSY). Linear Programming Analysis was used toanalize the use of optimization. The research’s result showed that the growing patternof threadfin bream was negative allometric. There was a close correlation betweenthe length and weight of the growing fish with their length when first being caught(Lc) 16.34 cm. Threadfin bream’s growth parameters showed that threadfin breamwere expected to grow until 28.03 cm long, with a slow growth rate is 0.49 cm peryear. Mortality rate was caused by natural fish death. The level of exploitation belowthe maximum value, so it needs to be managed prudentially. The estimation of MSYand F - Opt are 494 tons/ year, and 743 units of standard Cangkrang fishing gear.From the analysis of optimization, it produced the types of recommended fishinggears, 743 units of Cantrang fishing gear., Threadfin bream is one of the important and high economical fish that can be foundin Tangerang’s waters and its surounding. The use of threadfin bream increasesnowadays, alligned with the increasing demand of these commodities, especially forSurimi. The research is aimed to exercise the biological aspects of threadfin bream(N. peronii); the potential and the number of utilization of it, as well as theoptimization of water utilization in Tangerang.The research method used by thewriter was a survey method using threadfin bream caught by fishing gear namedCantrang and Apollo as the samples.The writer used FiSAT II program to do theanalysis of population parameters, and used a surplus production model to assess theMaximum Sustainable Yield (MSY). Linear Programming Analysis was used toanalize the use of optimization. The research’s result showed that the growing patternof threadfin bream was negative allometric. There was a close correlation betweenthe length and weight of the growing fish with their length when first being caught(Lc) 16.34 cm. Threadfin bream’s growth parameters showed that threadfin breamwere expected to grow until 28.03 cm long, with a slow growth rate is 0.49 cm peryear. Mortality rate was caused by natural fish death. The level of exploitation belowthe maximum value, so it needs to be managed prudentially. The estimation of MSYand F - Opt are 494 tons/ year, and 743 units of standard Cangkrang fishing gear.From the analysis of optimization, it produced the types of recommended fishinggears, 743 units of Cantrang fishing gear.]"

"ABSTRAKIkan kakap merah (Lutjanus spp.) merupakan salah satu sumberdaya ikan demersal komoditas penting di perairan utara Cirebon, Laut Jawa. Tingginya tingkat operasi penangkapan ikan tradisional di sekitar perairan pantai diduga mempengaruhi ketersediaan stok sumberdaya ikan tersebut. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisa pengelolaan sumberdaya ikan kakap merah (Lutjanus spp.) di perairan utara Cirebon. Metode yang digunakan yaitu analisa aspek biologi (hubungan panjang-berat, panjang pertama kali tertangkap (Lc), pengamatan TKG, fekunditas, kebiasaan makan), analisa potensi sumberdaya (Maximum Sustainable Yield, tingkat pemanfaatan dan tingkat pengusahaan), analisa aspek lingkungan (suhu, salinitas, pH, kecerahan, kedalaman), analisa aspek sosial-ekonomi (observasi dan wawancara).Aspek biologi ikan kakap merah di perairan utara Cirebon menunjukan bahwa secara umum ikan kakap merah yang tertangkap belum matang gonad atau belum melakukan pemijahan. Hasil analisa potensi maksimum lestari (MSY), diperoleh informasi bahwa nilai hasil tangkapan optimum (Copt) sebesar 287,76 ton/tahun, dalam hal ini tingkat pemanfaatan ikan kakap merah di perairan utara Cirebon pada tahun 2009 telah melebihi nilai MSY. Aspek lingkungan fishing ground ikan kakap merah nenunjukan bahwa ikan kakap merah di perairan utara Cirebon umumnya tertangkap pada kedalamaan 9 – 45 m, dengan suhu permukaan laut berkisar antara 28 – 29,5 oC, salinitas perairan berkisar antara 30 - 32 ‰, pH antara 7 - 8, dan kecerahan perairan berkisar antara 5 - 5,5 m. Aspek sosial-ekonomi masyarakat nelayan menujukan terdapat perubahan sosial di sebagian masyarakat nelayan Cirebon, dari yang cenderung eksplotatif dengan menggunakan alat tangkap yang tidak ramah lingkungan seperti arad menjadi pendekatan yang memperhatikan keberlanjutan sumberdaya ikan dengan menggunakan alat tangkap yang lebih ramah lingkungan berupa pancing dengan alat bantu pengumpul ikan berupa rumpon dasar, karena hasil tangkapan ikan kakap merah dengan pancing memiliki harga jual yang cukup tinggi dalam bentuk ikan segar (fresh).Pengelolaan sumberdaya ikan kakap merah di perairan utara Cirebon dapat dilakukan secara berkelanjutan melalui beberapa teknik pengelolaan diantaranya melalui pengaturan terhadap ukuran mata pancing, perluasan fishing ground, pengaturan jumlah armada penangkapan dan jenis alat tangkapan ikan, pengelolaan lingkungan melalui rumpon dasar sebagai terumbu karang buatan, dan penegakan hukum.

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ABSTRACTRed snapper (Lutjanus spp.) is one of the important commodity demersal fish resources at northern water of Cirebon, Java Sea. The high level of traditional fishing operations around the coastal area is suspected to affect the availability of fish stock. This study aims to analyze the red snapper management at the northern water of Cirebon. The methodology consists of are the biological aspects (length- weight relationship, length at firts capture(Lc), observation of gonad maturity level, fecundity, feeding habits), analysis of resources (Maximum Sustainable Yield, level of utilization, and level of effort), analysis of the environmental aspects (temperature, salinity, pH, brightness, depth), and the analysis of social- economic aspects (observation and interview).the red snapper biology aspects at the northern of Cirebon reveals that red snapper being caught immature gonads or not spawning yet generaly. The according to MSY analysis that the optimum catch (C-opt) is 287.76 tons/year, in thus case the utilize level of red snapper at the northern water of Cirebon in 2009 has over fishing. Environmental aspect of red snapper fishing ground shows that red snapper at the northern water of Cirebon are caught in 9-45 m generally, with sea surface temperatures 28 – 29,5 ° C, salinity 30-32 ‰, pH 7-8, and water transparence 5 - 5.5 m. Social-economic aspect of the fisheries communities are changing in most of Cirebon fisheries communities, with the tendention to use eco-fishing gear such as hand line with rumpon, due to the good price of the fresh product.The sustainability of the red snapper resource management in northern water of Cirebon can ensured by apply the several management techniques such as arrangement of hook size/ mesh size, the expansion of fishing ground, arrangement fishing vessels number and kind of fishing gears, environmental management through the rumpon as artificial reef, and law enforcement."

"ABSTRAKHampir 85% aktifitas perikanan tangkap di perairan Indonesia didominasi oleh perikanan skala kecil. Tingginya aktifitas penangkapan oleh nelayan skala kecil turut mempengaruhi tingkat pemanfaatan sumberdaya ikan dan keberlanjutan usaha perikanan tangkap itu sendiri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji keragaan usaha perikanan tangkap skala kecil dan keberlanjutannya di Desa Ciparage Jaya. Data yang digunakan adalah data primer dan sekunder yang dikumpulkan dengan teknik wawancara, observasi dan pencatatan. Analisis data keragaan perikanan dan perkembangan trend indeks kelimpahan menggunakan analisis indeks kelimpahan sumberdaya ikan, IMP dan regresi. Analisis keberlanjutan usaha perikanan menggunakan analisis R/C Ratio. Hasil analisis keragaan perikanan menunjukkan bahwa nelayan yang aktif dalam kurun waktu bulan Agustus-Desember 2018 sebesar 62-78%. Komposisi hasil tangkapan ikan pelagis kecil 68%, demersal 22%, cumi 6% dan pelagis besar 4%. Frekuensi panjang total ikan teri rata-rata 7,0 cmTF dan ikan tembang 16,1 cmTL Puncak musim ikan pelagis kecil dan pelagis besar terjadi bulan Oktober (IMP 1,7 dan 2,9), demersal bulan April (IMP 1,9) dan cumi bulan November (IMP 2,9). Hubungan curah hujan dan hasil tangkapan berkorelasi positif dengan nilai R² sebesar 0,808 pada bulan Januari-Agustus, sedangkan bulan September-Desember berkorelasi negatif dengan nilai R² sebesar 0,058. Perkembangan trend indeks kelimpahan sumberdaya ikan rata-rata mengalami penurunan. Tahun 2004 nilai indeks kelimpahan sebesar 268 ton/trip, kemudian menurun secara bertahap menjadi sebesar 115 ton/trip pada 2018. Total penerimaan usaha tahun 2017 Rp. 8.351.077.000. Rata-rata pendapatan perkapita per tahun Rp. 26.101.750. Sebanyak 87,8% pendapatan perkapita perbulan lebih rendah dari nilai UMK Karawang dengan rerata Rp. 2.000.000. Sedangkan 12,2%  diantaranya lebih besar dari nilai UMK Karawang dengan rerata Rp. 5.500.000. Nilai rasio penerimaan dan biaya (R/C Ratio) sebesar 0,70. Berdasarkan hal tersebut maka usaha perikanan tangkap skala kecil di desa Ciparage sudah tidak dapat diharapkan keberlanjutannya.

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ABSTRACTNearly 85% of fishing activities in Indonesian waters are dominated by small-scale fisheries. The high fishing activities by small-scale fishermen also influence the level of utilization of fish resources and the sustainability of their capture fisheries business. This study aims to assess the performance of small-scale capture fisheries businesses and their sustainability in Ciparage Jaya Village. The data used are primary and secondary data that collected through interview, observation and recording techniques. Analysis of fisheries performance data using abundance indice analysis, IMP and regression. The sustainability analysis of fisheries business uses R/C Ratio analysis. The results of fisheries performance analysis show that fishermen who are active in the period August-December 2018 are 62-78%. The composition of small pelagic fish is 68%, demersal 22%, squid 6% and large pelagic 4%. The main catches of small pelagic fishes are fringerscale sardinella and anchovies. The average total length of anchovy is 7.0 cmTL and 16.1 cmTL for fringerscale sardinella. The peak season of small pelagic fish and large pelagic occurs in October (IMP 1.7 and 2.9), demersal in April (IMP 1.9) and squid in November (IMP 2.9). The relationship between rainfall and landing is positively correlated with R2 value of 0.808 in January-August, while September-December is negatively correlated with R2 value of 0.058.  The average annual abundance indice tend to gradually decreased  from of 268 tons/trip in 2004 then gradually decreased to 115 tons/trip in 2018. The estimate total business value in 2017 was Rp. 8,351,077,000. The average per capita income per year is around Rp. 26,101,750, as much as 87.8% per capita income per month which less than Karawang UMK value with an average of Rp. 2,000,000. While 12.2% among them are greater than the UMK value with an average of Rp. 5,500,000. The value of the revenue and cost ratio (R/C Ratio) is 0,70. Based on this, the sustainability of small-scale fisheries in Ciparage village can,t be expected."

"ABSTRAKPembangunan di wilayah pesisir Jakarta serta perubahan peraturan pemerintah mengenaiperikanan yang secara terus menerus terjadi telah membawa dinamika perubahan diwilayah pesisir Jakarta Utara. Perubahan tersebut memberikan kondisi ketidakpastianbagi nelayan kecil Cilincing untuk memperoleh sumber daya ikan yang mereka perlukan.Ketidakpastian tersebut membawa nelayan kecil Cilincing pada posisi yang sangat rentanterhadap kemiskinan. Melihat kondisi tersebut, penelitian tesis ini dilakukan dengantujuan untuk melihat pemanfaatan jaringan sosial yang dimiliki oleh nelayan kecilCilincing dalam menghadapi kondisi ketidakpastian dan kerentanan kemiskinan.Penelitian tesis ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode dan pendekatan kualitatifdengan teknik wawancara mendalam serta pengamatan terlibat. Penelitian inidilaksanakan di wilayah kelurahan Cilincing Jakarta Utara dengan melibatkan beberapainforman yang merupakan nelayan kecil Cilincing. Pada tesis ini menjelaskan bahwajaringan sosial yang dimiliki oleh nelayan kecil Cilincing dapat dilihat sebagai kapitalsosial dalam bentuk

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ABSTRACTDevelopment in the coastal areas of Jakarta as well as continuous changes in governmentregulations on fisheries have caused the dynamics of change in the coastal areas of NorthJakarta. That changes caused uncertainty conditions for Cilincing rsquo s small scale fishermen to obtain the fish resources they needed. The uncertainty conditions make Cilincing rsquo ssmall scale fishermen in a position that is very vulnerable to poverty. Seeing thesephenomenon, this research was conducted with the aim to see the utilization of socialnetworks owned by Cilincing rsquo s small scale fishermen in facing uncertainty andvulnerability of poverty. This study was conducted using qualitative methods andapproaches with in depth interview and participants observations techniques. Thisresearch was conducted in Cilincing district of North Jakarta with involving an informantsthat identified as Cilincing rsquo s small scale fishermen. This study reveal that the socialnetworks owned and used by small scale fishermen Cilincing can be seen as social capitalin the form of bonding, bridging and linking."