Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Intermediate Epidemiology: Methods that Matter provides master's-level public health students with a solid foundation in the epidemiologic methods necessary for successful public health programs. This book stands apart from other intermediate texts in that it focuses on conceptual learning of basic methods without relying on extensive jargon. Intermediate Epidemiology uniquely uses a self-learning approach, with exercises provided at the end of each chapter to reinforce concepts and applications. The book creates a bridge from student to professional with lively descriptions of career paths for the MPH-level epidemiologist. Complete chapters on programs evaluation and implementation and analysis of studies are also provided"--Back cover."

"Kandidemia menjadi salah satu masalah di PICU karena angka kejadiannya meningkat setiap tahun dan angka kematian yang tinggi, memperpanjang masa rawat di rumah sakit. Sampai saat ini data epidemiologi pada anak masih terbatas.Tujuan: Mengetahui epidemiologi kandidemia di PICU RSCM. Metode: Penelitian retrospektif dilakukan di RS Cipto Mangunkusumo dengan mencatat data rekam medis pasien anak dengan diagnosis kandidemia periode 1 januari 2013 sampai 31 Desember 2014.Hasil: Didapatkan 32 kejadian kandidemia dalam kurun waktu pengambilan data. Median usia pasien adalah 12,8 bulan, 57,7% berjenis kelamin laki-laki. Status gizi pasien sebagian besar mengalami gizi kurang. Sebanyak 69,2% merupakan kasus bedah dan 30,8% pasien non bedah. Penggunaan steroid sebanyak 11,5%. Selama perawatan di PICU, sebanyak 96,2% pasien menggunakan ETT, 100% pasien menggunakan kateter vena sentral dan kateter urin. Pasien yang menggunakan antibiotika >15 hari sebanyak 80,8%. Median skor awal PELOD adalah 12. Median waktu pemberian anti jamur 15,8 hari perawatan di PICU. Luaran hidup adalah 65,4% dan mati 34,6%. Rerata lama perawatan PICU adalah 25,8 hari. Penyakit yang mendasari pasien dirawat di PICU terdiri dari 7,7% infeksi saluran pernapasan, 3,8% infeksi sistem saraf, 19,2% syok sepsis, 3,8% pascabedah kepala leher, 11,5% pasca bedah dada, dan 53,8 pasca bedah abdomen. Rerata lama penggunaan ETT 10,04 hari, rerata lama penggunaan kateter vena sentral 15,65 hari, dan rerata lama penggunaan kateter urin 11,15 hari. Jenis kandida terbanyak sebagai penyebab kandidemia adalah kandida parapsilosis. Sebanyak 76,8% pasien mendapatkan lebih dari dua antibiotika sebelum mendapatkan anti jamur.Simpulan: Kejadian kandidemia serupa dengan negara berkembang lainnya dan ditemukan meningkat pada pasien dengan karakteristik status gizi kurang, pasien pascabedah, penggunaan alat medis invasif, dan penggunaan antibiotika > 15 hari.

---

Candidemia has become an important problem in PICU because the incidence has dramatically increased every year and with a high mortality rate as well as high health care costs. To date epidemiological data in children is limited.Objective: to know the epidemiology of candidemia in PICU RSCMMethods: A retrospective study was conducted in Cipto Mangunkusumo general hospital with medical record data recorded diagnosis of septic shock in children period from 1 January 2013 to December 31, 2014.Results: A total of 32 candidemia events in the period of data collection. The median age of patients was 12.8 months, 57.7% male sex. Nutritional status of patients some of which have mild malnutrition. There were 69.2 % was the case surgery and 30.8 % of patients non surgery. Using of steroid was 11.5%. At the treatment in PICU, 96.2 % of patients used ett , 100 % of patients used catheter vein central and catheter urin. Patients that received antibiotics > 15 days was 80.8%. The median initial PELOD day care in the PICU was 12. Patients received antifungal when 15.8 days care in the PICU. The outer covering of life is 65.4 % and die 34.6 % . Lenght of PICU stays was25,8 days. The underlying diseases that required PICU were 7.7% respiratory infection, 3.8%, neurology infection, 19.2% septic shock, 3.8% post head and neck surgery, 11.5% post thorac surgery, and 53.8 post abdomen surgery. Rate length of using ETT was 10.04 days, CVC 15.65 days, urine catheter 11.15 days. The most isolated candida from blood culture was candida parapsilosis. There was 76.8% received > 2 antibiotics before antifungal injection.Conclusion: The incidens of candidemia was similar with other developing countries and found increased in patients with characteristic mild malnutrition, post surgical,using invasive medic al devices, and using antibiotics > 15 days."

"Planning a clinical study is much more than determining the basic study design. Who will you be studying? How do you plan to recruit your study subjects? How do you plan to retain them in the study? What data do you plan to collect? How will you obtain this data? How will you minimize bias? All these decisions must be consistent with the ethical considerations of studying people. This book teaches how to choose the best design for your question. Drawing on their many years working in clinical research, Nancy G. Berman and Robert A. Parker guide readers through the essential elements of study planning to help get them started. The authors offer numerous examples to illustrate the key decisions needed, describing what works, what does not work, and why. Written specifically for junior investigators beginning their research careers, this guide will also be useful to senior investigators needing to review specific topics."

"Abstract:With a unique focus on research methods as applied to Epidemiology and Public Health Research, this text is unlike any others of its kind. Tailored for multiple purposes including learning about and being equipped to evaluate research studies, conducting thesis/dissertation/capstone projects, and publishing scientific results, this book covers the full breadth of epidemiologic study designs and topics (case, case-control, and cohort studies). Unlike other research methods texts, this book includes many practical exercises and case studies which help to easily guide the student through each step of the research process. Hands-on exercises, using appropriate software, are also included to give the student a thorough understanding of the tool sets available to public health practitioners."

"Buku yang berjudul "Principles of exposure measurement in epidemiology" ini ditulis oleh Bruce K. Armstrong, Emily White, dan Rodolfo Saraggi. Buku ini membahas tentang epidemiologi, dan bahasan lain dalam dunia medis."

"Summary:Critical appraisal is now accepted as central to the development of rational health care and evidence-based medicine, by applying it to questions of aetiology, clinical therapy, and health care management. The reader will learn how to assess the strengths and weaknesses of new studies, and how to conduct their own studies"