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Ditemukan 43 dokumen yang sesuai dengan query
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Mira Winarta
"ABSTRAK
Scope and Research method : In order to find out the prevalence rate of respiratory obstruction due to exposure to jute's dust and other risk factors, such as work place, age group, length of work, smoking habit, usage of personal protection device, clinical symptom and allergy history, a cross sectional study regarding the influence of jute's dust on lung function among jute factory worker has been done in Tangerang. Total sample of respondent for this study is 135 workers, who are working in 4 working unit in the factory. There are 4 methods of data collection used in this study. First, interview by using Pneumomobile Project Indonesia questioner. Second, physical examination to all employees especially related to respiratory disorder. Third, measurement of lung function using spirometer. Fourth, examination of jute's dust at work place used low volume dust sampler.
Result and Conclusion: This study find out the concentration of total jute's dust in high exposure working place is 13,3mg/m3, while in low exposure working place is 1,5 mg/m3. Result of statistic soon significant different (p<0,05). The study also finds out that the prevalence rate of chronic respiratory obstruction among the workers who work in high concentration dust environment is 25,9% and with low exposure is 2,8%. Statistically it is significantly different (p<0,05). There are a significant relationship between occurrence of chronic respiratory obstruction disease and dust concentration, while there are no relationship with age group, length of work, education level, height of body, smoking habit, use of personal protection device, previous clinical symptom and allergy history. The prevalence rate of acute respiratory obstruction among the workers who work in high concentration dust environment is 11,1%, while in low concentration dust environment is 3,7%. Statistically has not significantly different (p0,05). There are no relationship between acute respiratory obstruction disease and work place, age group, length of work, educational level, height of body, smoking habit, use of personal protection device, previous clinical symptom and allergic history. Analysis of smoking habit as risk factor and its relationship with obstruction can't be done since the prevalence rate of smoking habit among the workers is low (1,5%).
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1997
T-Pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Siagian, Fresby H
Depok: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 1994
S36358
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Heri Suhairi
"ABSTRAK
Tujuan studi kasus ini adalah untuk mencari pemecahan masalah terjadinya gangguan fungsi paru lanjut pada pekerja dibagian compounding rubbermill dengan cara meminimalkan pajaman debu tepung karat sintesis melalui pemasangan tabir plastik transparan di lokasi timbangan sejajar dengan "canopy hood local exhaust ventilation".
Disain studi ini menggunakan cara studi intervensi dengan metode pendekatan "problem solving cycle" yang dilakukan terhadap total populasi pekerja di bagian compounding rubbermill yang berjumlah 10 orang laki-laki. Studi dilakukan dengan wawancara responden dengan kuesioner Pneumobile Indonesia yang telah dimodifilaasi untuk menemukan kasus-kasus gangguan fungsi paru. Pemeriksasn fisik dilakukan untuk menemukan kelainan toraks dan kelainan paru serta dilakukan pemeriksaan fungsi paru dengan spirometri. Bagi responden dengan kelainan obstruksi dan restriksi dilakukan pemeriksaan foto toraks.
Hasil yang diperoleh dari penelitian ini didapatkan kadar debu total subbagian timbang silika di atas NAB dan kadar debu respirabel pada 3 tempat penimbangan telah melampaui NAB. Pada analisa komposisi debu tidak terdapat silika bebas. Gejala klinik berupa keluhan batuk kronik 50 %, dahak kronik 70%, sesak napas 10% serta bronkitis kronik 10%. Ditemukan gangguan fungsi paru obstruksi pada 10% responden dan restriksi pada 30% responden. Pada pemeriksaan foto toraks ditemukan 20% responden below TB paru dan 10 % responden bekas TB baru dengan gambaran fibrosis. Intervensi yang dilakukan menunjukkan keberhasilan yang dapat dilihat dari turunnya kadar debu total sampai di bawah NAB dan keluhan gejala klinis berupa batuk kronik dari 50% menjadi 40% dan dahak kronik dari 70% menjadi 50% dalam 6 minggu.

ABSTRACT/b>
The objectives of this study is, to prevent the workers at compounding rabbermill department from those harmful effect of the synthetic rubber talc dust, by minimizing dust exposure through installed transparent plastic curtain parallels to canopy hood of local exhaust ventilation at silica weighing place.
Intervention study was designed, covering 10 workers as total population during 3 months. Data collection was gathered by interview using modified Pneumobile Indonesia questionnaire, physical examination, lung function test by using spirometer and chest x-ray for whom are getting obstruction and restriction on diagnostic lung function test.
The result revealed that total dust of silica weighing area was greater than TLV and respirable dust of 3 points of weighing area were greater than UV. There were no free silica in dust composition analysis found out. Clinical symptoms appeared as follows : chronic cough 50%, sputum 70%, breathing difficulty 10%, chronic bronchitis 10%, obstruction lung ventilation 10%, restriction lung ventilation 30% and chest x-ray examination showed post-pulmonary TB 20% and post-pulmonary TB with fibrosis 10%. Intervention was successful to reduce total dust concentration up to bellow TLV and reduction in clinical signs and symptoms of chronic cough from 50% to 40% and sputum from 70% to 500/o within 6 weeks."
1998
T-Pdf
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Firman Muttaqin
"Pencemaran udara oleh debu akibat aktivitas pertambangan sangat membahayakan bagi kesehatan dan berpotensi menyebabkan beberapa penyakit. Selain itu, debu juga mengurangi daya pandang mata sehingga membahayakan keselamatan pekerja. Dust suppressant adalah material yang digunakan untuk menekan pembentukan debu. Material konvensional yang paling umum digunakan di area pertambangan di Indonesia adalah air karena murah, melimpah, dan aman bagi lingkungan, tetapi tidak tahan lama karena mudah berevaporasi sehingga lebih boros dari segi biaya dan tenaga kerja.
Pada penelitian ini, dua zat aktif utama yaitu polimer emulsi sebagai binding agent dan surfaktan sebagai wetting agent digunakan pada formulasi material dust suppressant. Dust suppressant yang baik memiliki sifat tahan lama sehingga mengurangi konsumsi air, daya membasahi yang baik, tidak korosif, dan tahan terhadap erosi. Beberapa uji aplikasi baik di laboratorium maupun di lapangan dilakukan untuk mengetahui kinerja dust suppressant. Dari uji aplikasi di lapangan, material dust suppressant dengan polimer VA mampu mempertahankan kadar kelembaban tanah 300% lebih tinggi daripada air dan penurunan konsentrasi emisi debu dari 60 sampai 80% daripada air.

Air polution by dust, caused by mining activity is very dangerous for healthy and can cause some diseases. Beside that, dust also can reduse visibility so endanger employees safety. Dust suppressant is a material used to push down the formation of dust. The most conventional material for mining industry in Indonesia is water since it?s cheap, overabundance, and safe for environment, but evaporate easily so more wasful in fuel and labor cost.
In this research, there are two active substances, emulsion polymer as binding agent and surfactant as wetting agent, used in dust suppressant formulation. Good dust suppressant is well preserved so it reduces water consumption, good wetting agent, non-corrosive, and non-erosion. Some tests in laboratory and field have been done to measure the performance of dust suppressant. From field application test, dust suppressant with VA polymer can mantain soil humidity 300% greater than water and can reduce dust emision from 60% to 80% than water.
"
Depok: Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam Universitas Indonesia, 2008
T21497
UI - Tesis Open  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Deddy Risdianto
"Tingkat pencemaran udara di DKI Jakarta sangat tinggi. Hal tersebut ditunjukkan dari pengukuran yang dilakukan terhadap 6 polutan pencemar udara (NOx, SOx, Pb, CO, TSP dan PM10) tiga diantaranya melebihi BME yaitu NOx, SOx dan TSP (sumber : Laporan Kualitas Udara DKI Jakarta, BPLHD, Tahun 2000-2005). Polutan pencemar TSP yang melebihi BME ditemukan di kawasan industri. Hal tersebut menunjukkan kurang efektifnya alat pengendali pencemaran yang diterapkan oleh industri. Salah satu metode yang dapat dipakai untuk mengendalikan pencemaran udara adalah dengan memanfaatkan gaya thermophoresis. Gaya thermophoresis adalah gaya pada partikel yang disebabkan oleh adanya gradien temperatur. Hasil simulasi dengan menggunakan software Fluent menunjukkan bahwa partikel debu memiliki trayektori ke arah temperatur yang lebih rendah sehingga dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai alternative alat pengendali pencemaran debu.

Air pollution in Jakarta is in high level. It showed from the measurement of 6 (six) pollutant (NOx, SOx, Pb, CO, TSP dan PM10), three of them, NOx, SOx dan TSP, are over the Emission Limit Standard (source : Laporan Kualitas Udara DKI Jakarta, BPLHD, Tahun 2000-2005). TSP pollutant mostly found in industrial area. It means that, Air Pollution Control Devices used by the industry are not effective yet. One of method used to control the air pollution is thermophoretic force. Particle suspended in a gas with gradient temperature experience thermophoretic force. Simulation using CFD-Fluent show that dust particle suspended in temperature gradient has trajectory to the lower temperature area. It means tahat thermophoretic force can be used as an alternative of air pollution control."
Depok: Fakultas Teknik Universitas Indonesia, 2007
S36222
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Hayatti Rissa
"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran pajanan debu pada pekerja controller di area grinding dan packing PT Semen Padang. Jenis penelitian ini adalah anlisis deskriptif cross sectional dengan menggunakan metode risk analysis paradigm untuk menentukan risiko pada pekerja. Sampel dari penelitian ini adalah 16 orang pekerja controller untuk personal dust sampling dan 50 orang pekerja controller untuk mengetahui karakteristik antropometri dan pola aktifitas. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan tidak ada pajanan debu yang melebihi nilai ambang batas berdasarkan standar Permenaker No. 13/2011 dan OSHA. Pajanan tertinggi umumnya berada di area kerja cement mill.
Berdasarkan nilai RQ realtime respirabel dust,pekerja yang berisiko terhadap pajanan respirabel dust mulai dari awal bekerja sampai pada saat dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah sampel pekerja no 14 dan no 12 di area kerja Cement Mill II-III, nomor 1 di area kerja Cement Mill IV, nomor 17 di area kerja Raw Mill V dan nomor 15 di area kerja Cement Mill V. Sementara berdasarkan nilai RQ lifetime menunjukkan peningkatan risiko pada pekerja, dari 16 pekerja hanya 1 pekerja yang tidak berisiko terhadap pajanan selama bekerja 30 tahun. Disarankan pada perusahaan untuk melakukan monitoring dan evaluasi pajanan di debu di area kerja dan personal secara rutin, melakukan engineering control terhadap pajanan debu, menerapkan sistem area basah pada saat pembersihan area, serta meningkatkan kegiatan maintenance.

This study aim to see picture of dust exposure on controller workers at grinding and packing area PT Semen Padang. This type of reasearch is descriptive analytic cross sectional using risk analysis paradigm method. The sample for this study is 16 controller workers for personal dust sampling and 50controller workers for anthropometric characteristics and activity patterns. Based on the results of the study showed no dust exposure exceeds a threshold value based on the standar Permenaker No. 13/2011 and OSHA. Exposure is generally highest in the cement mill area. Based on the value of RQ realtime respirable dust, workers at risk of exposure to respirable dust from first time until the time this study was a sample of workers No. 14 and No. 12 in the area Cement Mill II-III, No. 1 in the area Cement Mill IV, number 17 in the area Raw Mill V and number 15 in the area Cement Mill V.
While based on the lifetime value of RQ showed an increased risk to workers, the workers only sample no 11 in the Raw Mill II-III who are not at risk of exposure while working 30 years. It is suggested to company to conduct monitoring and evaluation in the area of dust exposure in the workplace and personal, perform the engineering control of exposure to dust, apply a wet area systems when area cleaning, as well as increased maintenance activities.
"
Depok: Fakultas Kesehatan Masyarakat Universitas Indonesia, 2013
S45295
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Fadilatus Sukma Ika Noviarmi
"Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) endotoxin contained in cotton dust may cause airway inflammation and decline of lung function when inhaled, which eventually leads to respiratory symptoms. The objective of this research is to analyze the correlation of the exposure of LPS endotoxin in cotton dust with the increase of TNFα level and the decline of lung function after one day?s work. This study applied analytical observation method and prospective cohort approach. Main participants of this study were the workers of a cotton spinning factory located in Tulangan District, Sidoarjo Regency, East Java Province. Sixteen samples from cotton factory were taken as study group, and twenty three samples from village administrators were taken as control group. Data collection involves several techniques: spirometry, laboratory test, and interview. Results showed that concentration of personal dust has a significant relationship with the decline of FVC, %FVC, FEV1, and %FEV1, with Pearson correlation test showing p<0.05. LPS endotoxin in personal dust samples has a significant relationship with the increase of blood serum TNFα and the decline of FEV1 and %FEV1, with Pearson correlation test showing p>0.05. The research concludes that the level of LPS endotoxin was strongly related to the increase of blood serum TNFα and the decline of lung function. Development of more effective preventive measures such as stronger enforcement of worker?s health maintenance regulations and use of personal protective equipment is needed to ensure the best protection of cotton workers? health.

Korelasi Kadar Endotoksin LPS Dalam Debu Kapas dengan Peningkatan TNFα Serum Darah dan Penurunan Faal Paru Pekerja Pemintalan Kapas. Endotoksin LPS yang terkandung dalam debu kapas dapat menimbulkan reaksi inflamasi pada saluran pernafasan apabila terhirup yang selanjutnya dapat mempengaruhi faal paru dan menimbulkan gangguan pernafasan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan paparan debu kapas dan endotoksin LPS didalamnya, dengan peningkatan kadar TNFα serum darah dan penurunan faal paru setelah bekerja dalam sehari. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian analitik observasional dengan pendekatan kohor prospektif. Penelitian dilakukan pada pabrik pemintalan kapas di Kecamatan Tulangan, Sidoarjo dengan responden pekerja pemintalan yang bekerja pada shift pagi sebanyak 16 orang. Sebagai kelompok pembanding adalah perangkat Desa Singopadu dan Kajeksan, Kecamatan Tulangan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan cara pemeriksaan spirometri, laboratorium dan wawancara. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang signifikan (korelasi Pearson, p<0,05) antara kadar debu kapas personal dengan penurunan FVC, %FVC, cFEV1, dan %FEV1. Kadar endotoksin LPS dalam debu kapas mempunyai hubungan yang signifikan terhadap peningkatan TNFα serum darah dan penurunan pada FEV1 dan %FEV1 (korelasi Pearson, p>0,05). Untuk itu perlu adanya pelaksanaan program kesehatan dan keselamatan pekerja dengan benar oleh pemilik usaha untuk melindungi kesehatan pekerjanya."
Depok: Program Pascasarjana Universitas Indonesia, 2014
AJ-Pdf
Artikel Jurnal  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Hatsari Mitsudharmadi
1993
S38383
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Jean Budi Pratista Devi
"ABSTRAK
Salah satu cara mengendalikan Tungau Debu Rumah (TDR) diperlukan
perilaku bersih masyarakat terutama kebersihan debu rumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan perilaku membersihkan rumah pada masyarakat terhadap keberadaan TDR.Disain penelitian ini, yaitu cross-sectional analitik. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada masyarakat perkotaan di Pamulang (Tangerang Selatan) dan Pasar Rebo (Jakarta Timur) selama Oktober 2013- Juni 2014. Sebanyak 96 rumah responden yang terdiri dari 52 di Pamulang dan 44 Pasar Rebo dipilih secara random. Dari 96 debu rumah yang diperiksa dengan metode langsung di bawah mikroskop ditemukan spesies TDR, yaitu Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (60,4%), D. farinae (4,2 %), dan Glysiphagus destructor (20,8%). Perilaku responden, yaitu membersihkan tempat tidur dan rumah 1 x sehari (40,6%) lebih sedikit dibandingkan 2 x sehari (59,4%). Responden dengan perilaku bersih 1 x sehari ditemukan frekuensi TDR lebih sedikit dibandingkan 2 x sehari dengan nilai OR=2,09 (95% CI 2,15 sampai 4,18). Penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa dengan perilaku bersih dari masyarakat"
"perkotaan mengurangi keberadaan TDR di dalam debu rumah."

ABSTRACT
One of methods to controlling House Dust Mites (HDM) is pattern behavior people to keep clean especially keep the house from dust. This research aims to determine the patterns of behavior in the public house cleaning affect the existence population HDM found in the house of the population. This study used design analytic cross-sectional. This research was done to citizen in the Pamulang and Pasar Rebo ( East Jakarta) from October 2013 until June 2014. 96 homes respondents consisted of 52 respondents Pamulang and 44 respondents East Jakarta by random sampling. From 96 house dust which investigated directly methods to see and find species HDM used microscope, those are Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (60,4%), D. farinae (4,2 %), and Glysiphagus destructor (20,8%). Respondents?s behavior, cleaning their bedroom and house 1 x a day (40,6%) fewer just than 2 x a day (59,4%). Respondents with behavior of clean 1 x / day, TDR frequency?s discovered fewer just than 2 x/ day with value OR=2,09 (95% CI 2,15 until 4,18). This study to show that pattern people?s behavior to keep clean which can decrease or reduces population of HDM in dust home"
2015
S-Pdf
UI - Skripsi Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Eddy
"Latar belakang: Saat ini debu tepung masih dianggap sebagai bahan yang tidak berbahaya/debu inert, sementara pada industri tepung terigu PT.ISM BSFM terdapat tendensi peningkatan gangguan saluran napas atas maupun saluran napas bawah. Penelitian bertujuan mencari hubungan antara gangguan faal paru pada pekerja dengan pajanan debu tepung dan faktor lain yang berhubungan, prevalensi keluhan serta prevalensi penyakit paru kerja.
Metode: Penelitian menggunakan desain studi Cross sectional internal kompartif terhadap dua kelompok pekerja yang terpajan rendah dan terpajan tinggi berdasarkan hasil pengukuran personal dust sampler(debu respirable). Studi dilakukan dengan mewawancarai 119 responden memakai kuesioner Pneumobile project Indonesia 1992, mengukur faal paru dengan spirometri dan pengukuran Arus puncak ekspirasi.
Hasil dan Kesimpulan: Kadar debu di bagian pengemasan dan penggilingan sangat tinggi mencapai 3 kali NAB. Terdapat penurunan faal paru berupa restriksi pada 37 % responden dan obstruksi 7,5%, di mana terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara penurunan fungsi paru dengan status gizi, pekerja yang terpajan tinggi, lama merokok, umur dan lama kerja. Prevalensi keluhan batuk kronik 21,8 %, berdahak kronik 13,4 % dan sesak napas 18,5 %, sementara prevalensi penyakit paru kerja didapat 4,2 % responden yang menderita bronkitis kronik dan 14,3% asma di mana 1,7 % merupakan asma kerja.

Back ground: Today grain flour dust is still assumed as nontoxic dust, while several respiration disease (upper and low) are increase at PT.ISM BSFM the biggest grain mill in Indonesia. The goal of this study was to identify relation between the decrease of lung function and the exposure of grain flour dust, with some other related factor. To find prevalent of symptom and prevalent of occupational lung disease.
Method: Design of the study was a Cross-sectional study, with internal comparative of the two group workers (high exposure and low) that base on result of measurement of personal dust sampler (respirable dust). A simple working survey using Pneumobile Indonesia questioner was carrying out to 119 respondents, measurement lung function by spirometri and peak flow expiration.
Results and Conclusion: Study finding the high exposure of dust at the packing unit and milling unit, the concentration is 3 time greater than TLVs. Result of the lung function measurement found 37 % respondent were restriction and 7.5% obstruction, this respondent have significant relation with their body mass index, working in the high exposure place, length time of smoking, age and length time of working. Prevalent of chronic cough 21.8 %, chronic sputum 13.4 % and breathing difficulty 18.5 %, while prevalent of occupational lung disease were 4.2 % respondent with choric bronchitis and 14.3% asthma included 1.7 % occupational asthma.
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Jakarta: Universitas Indonesia, 2002
T1704
UI - Tesis Membership  Universitas Indonesia Library
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