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"English teaching material is one of the components that plays crucial role in English teaching and learning process. By the implementation of competency based curriculum, teachers, ideally, should provide the needs for this material according to the contex of their teaching and learning palce....."

"The Timor problem consists of an avalanche of closely related subjects. The majority, common in all underdeveloped countries, is not new. They emanate from a combination of factors - unfavorable physical conditions, simple technologies, and a social setting, which impedes progress and modernization and result in an alarming agrarian situation, marked by malnutrition and soil erosion.

On Timor, as elsewhere in the world, the solution of these matters is exceedingly difficult and is retarded by a general lack of data, concerning both physical environment and social factors. Specialists in various fields have studied several facets of the Timor problem, and valuable suggestions have been put forward. The objection of the latter is that, made by single-minded specialists, they are rarely coordinated and do not sufficiently consider the multiple correlation in the interplay between man and nature. Co-ordination between the results of specialized enquiries, in order to show the area's real nature and critical features, is desirable.

As a geographer the author does not intend to invade the fields of other sciences, and he is not under the illusion that he can provide the answer to the Timor problem. He realizes, however, that the geographical approach has been found of value in area planning projects in many parts of the world during the last decades. Geographers' advice has been sought to in increasing degree and their practical aid welcomed. Few of them, however, have yet been employed in the gigantic project of which the present generation should form the foundation, i.e. development of newborn areas. That is just where geographers could give considerable assistance. With their training, they are often able to apply the required co-ordination and correlation. By providing the present situation's historical background, by analyzing the methods man has used to develop his environment and giving a synthetic interpretation of all phenomena found in the area, he can supply the basic overall information necessary in the formulation of plans for future development. An attempt will be made to demonstrate this in the following study regarding the Timor problem."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini menyoroti masalah partisipasi masyarakat desa dalam pembangunan desa. Pembangunan desa dalam penelitian ini dibatasi pada pembangunan prasarana yang bersumber dari dana swadaya murni masyarakat. Pembangunan jenis ini baik dana, perencanaan maupun pelaksanaan merupakan tanggung jawab masyarakat desa yang bersangkutan.Masalah partisipasi masyarakat desa dalam pembangunan menarik untuk diteliti. Alasannya, pertama, mayoritas penduduk tinggal di wilayah pedesaan, sehingga keberhasilan pembangunan desa penting artinya bagi pembaunan nasional. Kedua, Garis-garis Besar Haluan Negara menyadarkan tentang pentingnya partisipasi masyarakat dalam pembangunan, dan pemerintah beranggapan bahwa melalului LKMD masalah partisipasi dapat diatasi, tetapi para pengamat melihat bahea di deda partisipasi tersebut tidak ada.Berdasarkan batasan pembangunan desa di atas, maka yang dimaksud dengan partisipasi dalam penelitian ini adalah keikutsertaan masyarakat desa dalam proses pengambilan keputusan tentang proyek pembangunan di desa (musyawarah) dan keikutsertaan mereka dalam pelaksanaan keputusan tersebut (gotong-royong). Studi partisipasi dalam pengambilan keputusan ini dibatasi pada rapat pengambilan keputusan yang melibatkan rakyat secara langsung, sedangkan untuk partisipasi dalam pelaksanaan keputusan dibatasi pada partisipasi mereka dalam proyek pembangunan jalan desa.Sifat penelitian adalah deskriptif-analitis. Dengan demikian, selain bertujuan untuk menggambarkan partisipasi masyarakat desa dalam proses pengambilan keputusan tentang proyek pembangunan dan partisipasi dalam pelaksanaan keputusan tentang proyek pembangunan. juga untuk melihat hubungan variabel. Variabel-variabel tersebut adalah status sosial ekonomi, dukungan terhadap kepemimpinan kepala desa, keterlibatan dalam organisasi, keterlibatan psikologis dengan variabel partisipasi dalam proses pengambilan keputusan tentang proyek pembangunan. "

"Pamong desa sebagai unsur pelaksana pemerintahan desa merupakan kunci utama keberhasilan pembangunan desa. Pemerintah desa bertanggung jawab melaksanakan dan memfasilitasi serta mendorong semua pihak untuk mewujudkan rencana pembangunan di desanya...."

"Tulisan ini berusaha memberikan pemahaman terhadap "sepak terjang" para elit di salah satu wilayah ujung Timur Pulau Sumba ketika bersinggungan dengan program pembangunan...."

"Dengan di berlakukannya Undang-Undang No. 22 tahun 1999 tentang Penerintahan Daerah, masyarakat diberi sarana dan kesempatan ubtuk ikut berpartisipasi aktif untuk memajukan desanya...."

"Natural disasters can be very devastating for the victims, so that the sooner they get back to their daily life and routine the easier for them to overcome the traumatic event of the disasters..."