Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh variabel iklim terhadap hasil dan risiko produksi padi di delapan sentra produksi padi Indonesia dalam kurun waktu 30 tahun (1982-2011). Fungsi produksi stokastik model Just-Pope dengan analisis data panel digunakan untuk mengukur pengaruh variabel iklim terhadap hasil dan risiko produksi padi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa suhu dan curah hujan mempengaruhi hasil padi di daerah sentra. Curah hujan termasuk faktor yang meningkatkan risiko, sedangkan suhu tidak berpengaruh terhadap risiko. Pengaruh perubahan iklim terhadap hasil dan risiko produksi padi di daerah Jawa relatif lebih rendah dibanding luar Jawa.

---

This study examines the impacts of climate variables on rice yield and production risk from eight main provinces of rice producers in Indonesia, over a period of 30 years (1982-2011). Stochastic production function Just-Pope model with panel data analysis is used to estimate the effect of climate variables on rice yield and production risk. Data analysis shows that temperature and precipitation affect the mean crop yield. Precipitation is risk increasing factor, while temperature is not significant. Effect of climate change on rice yield and production risk is relatively low in Java region than other regions."

"ABSTRAK Adaptasi petani sawah skala kecil terhadap risiko iklim memiliki peranan penting untuk memperkuat penghidupan petani agar mampu mengurangi kerugian dari risiko iklim. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui bentuk penghidupan petani sawah skala kecil memanfaatkan sumberdaya, atribut penghidupan yang sensitif terhadap kelangsungan hidup petani dan hubungan antara atribut penghidupan sensitif dengan adaptasi petani sawah skala kecil terhadap risiko iklim. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penghidupan petani sawah skala kecil memiliki keterbatasan dari aset sumberdaya manusia dan aset keuangan. Beberapa atribut penghidupan sensitif memiliki hubungan signifikan dengan adaptasi internal dan eksternal petani terhadap risiko iklim.

---

ABSTRAK Adaptation of small-scale paddy field farmers toward climate risk has an important role to strengthen farmers’ livelihoods to be able reduce sufferers from climate risks. The purpose of the study is to determine the characteristic of small-scale paddy field farmers’ livelihoods using their resources, recognize livelihood attributes contribute for farmers’ livelihood status, and identify the relationship between sensitive attributes with farmers’ adaptation toward climate risks. The study uses a quantitative research approach. The results showed that small-scale paddy field farmers have limitations on their livelihoods particularly on human resource assets and financial assets. Livelihood sensitive attributes have a significant relationship with farmers’ internal and external adaptation toward climate risks."

"Variabilitas curah hujan diuji dengan metode Mann-Kendall untuk mengetahui signifikansi tren curah hujan dan metode Sen's Slope Estimator untuk mengetahui besarnya nilai tren tersebut. Secara spasial wilayah pegunungan di Jawa Barat menunjukan peningkatan curah hujan seperti di Gunung Mas, Bogor sebesar 72,3 mm/tahun dan wilayah pesisir mengalami penurunan curah hujan seperti di Ciwangi, Cianjur bagian selatan sebesar 31,8 mm/tahun. Penurunan curah hujan sebesar 51,3 mm/tahun terjadi di wilayah pesisir pada saat musim hujan. Musim kemarau di propinsi Jawa Barat juga terindikasi bertambah panjang diikuti dengan jumlah hari hujan yang semakin berkurang utamanya di wilayah pesisir. Menurut uji korelasi dan regreasi variabilitas curah hujan tidak memberikan pengaruh secara langsung terhadap produksi padi, namun secara tidak langsung variabilitas curah hujan tetap memberikan pengaruhnya. Hal ini disebabkan oleh teknik pengairan yang semakin modern melalui irigasi teknis, varietas unggul dan teknologi budidaya yang semakin maju dan adaptif terhadap iklim.

---

Rainfall variability is tested by the Mann-Kendall method to determine the significance of rainfall trends and by Sen's Slope Estimator method to determine the value of the trend. Spatially, mountainous region in the West Java indicate an increasing of precipitation such as in Gunung Mas, Bogor for 72,3 mm / year and in coastal areas indicate decreasing of rainfall such as in Ciwangi and Southern Cianjur for 31.8 mm / year. Rainfall decreasing for 51,3 mm / year occur in coastal areas during the rainy season. Lenght of dry season in West Java province also indicated increased, followed by the number of rainy days which are decrease mainly in coastal areas. According regression and correlation methods, rainfall variability is not directly contribute on rice production, but indirectly it still give an effect. This is caused by the more modern irrigation techniques through technical irrigation, improved varieties and cultivation technology which more advance and adaptive to climate."

"This discipline addresses current issues such as climate change, increasing food and fuel prices, starvation, obesity, water pollution, soil erosion, fertility loss, pest control and biodiversity depletion. Novel solutions are proposed based on integrated knowledge from agronomy, soil science, molecular biology, chemistry, toxicology, ecology, economy, philosophy and social sciences. "

"This book provides experiences from studies on agricultural water management under climate change as references for agriculture and irrigation planners, decision makers, researchers and students. Chapters 2 and 3 provide an overview of global assessment of climate change impacts and water requirement for future agriculture. Chapters 4-7 provide analyses of crop water requirements in four case studies in developing countries. Chapters 8 and 9 are studies of irrigation management under sea-level rise in Vietnam's Mekong Delta. Chapters 10-12 discuss examples of adaptation alternatives such as water-saving techniques and groundwater exploitation, and related policy settings. The last chapter links the dominant approach of uncertainty presented in the climate change discourse with policy discussions on climate adaptation strategies."