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"Tulisan ini menganalisis mengapa Sudan Selatan melanggar aturan dalam perjanjian R- ARCSS periode 2018-2022 terkait perekrutan dan penggunaan tentara anak dalam institusi militer pemerintah. Tesis ini menggunakan metode penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan teori non-compliance tuntuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang menjadi penyebab pelanggaran Sudan Selatan tidak memenuhi aturan dalam perjanjian R-ARCSS terkait perekrutan dan penggunaan tentara anak dalam institusi militer pemerintah. terdapat tiga variabel yang akan menjawab pertanyaan mengapa Sudan Selatan melanggar, pertama ketidakpatuhan sebagai preferensi (non-compliance as preference), kedua ketidakpatuhan karena kurangnya kapasitas (non-compliance due to incapacity), dan ketidakpatuhan karena kelengahan (non-compliance due to inadvertance). Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukan bahwa alasan-alasan terkait pelanggaran yang dilakukan oleh pemerintah Sudan Selatan antara lain, tentara anak yang digaji lebih murah dan biaya perawatan murah; adanya peluang perekrutan sukarela; akibat pandemi COVID-19; Persebaran Persenjataan yang Meluas; menumpuknya jumlah pengungsi internal anak; tentara anak sebagai pengganti pasukan militer pemerintah yang telah gugur; sebagai antisipasi perpecahan dan munculnya kelompok bersenjata pemberontak yang baru; kurangnya pendanaan terhadap program demiliterasasi tentara anak dan lemahnya penegakkan hukum di Sudan Selatan.

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This study aims why South Sudan violated the rules in the R-ARCSS agreement periode 2018-2022 period regarding the promotion and use of child soldiers in government military institutions. This thesis uses qualitative research methods by applying inductive analysis which is a process of drawing general conclusions by collecting data in the form of facts from specific events. The analytical knife in this paper uses non-compliance theory to analyze the factors that cause South Sudan's violations not to comply with the rules in the R-ARCSS agreement regarding the warning and use of child soldiers in government military institutions. There are three variables that will answer the question why South Sudan is disturbed, firstly non-compliance as a preference, secondly non-compliance due incapacity and non-compliance due to inadvertance. The results of this research show that the reasons related to violations committed by the South Sudanese government include, among other things, child soldiers who are paid less and have cheap treatment costs; the existence of volunteer opportunities; due to the COVID-19 pandemic; Widespread Distribution of Weapons; the increasing number of internally displaced children; child soldiers as replacements for fallen government military troops; in anticipation of division and the emergence of new rebel armed groups; lack of funding for the child soldier demilitarization program and weak law enforcement in South Sudan."

"Skripsi ini membahas tentang tindakan perekrutan tentara anak menjadi satu suatu bentuk kejahatan perang yang ditinjau berdasarkan hukum internasional. Kasus yang digunakan dalam tulisan ini adalah kasus perekrutan tentara anak dilakukan oleh Thomas Lubanga Dyilo sebagai Presiden Persatuan Patriot Kongo (UPC) dan Komandan Pasukan patriotiques pour la libération du Congo (FPLC) di konflik di Ituri, Kongo. Tujuan penulisan skripsi ini adalah untuk memahami latar belakang larangan perekrutan tentara anak dalam konflik bersenjata, mengetahui ketentuan hukum internasional dan keputusan peradilan berkenaan dengan perekrutan tentara anak-anak, dan untuk mengetahui caranya aksi rekrutmen tentara anak dilakukan oleh Thomas Lubanga Dyilo di Konflik Ituri, Kongo memenuhi unsur pidana dalam Pasal 8 (2) (e) (vii) Statuta Roma. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penulisan skripsi ini adalah yuridis normatif dengan memeriksa perjanjian internasional yang terkait dengan larangan perekrutan tentara anak dan pendekatan yang digunakan dan preseden yang ditetapkan oleh peradilan internasional dalam mengadili dan memutuskan kasus perekrutan tentara anak.

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This thesis discusses the act of recruiting child soldiers into a form of war crime which is reviewed based on international law. The case used in this paper is the case of the recruitment of child soldiers by Thomas Lubanga Dyilo as President of the Congolese Patriots Union (UPC) and the Commander of the Patriotiques pour la libération du Congo (FPLC) in the conflict in Ituri, Congo. The purpose of writing this thesis is to understand the background of the prohibition on the recruitment of child soldiers in armed conflict, to know the provisions of international law and judicial decisions regarding the recruitment of child soldiers, and to find out how. The recruitment of child soldiers was carried out by Thomas Lubanga Dyilo at The Ituri conflict, Congo fulfilled the criminal element in Article 8 (2) (e) (vii) of the Rome Statute. The research method used in the writing of this thesis is normative juridical by examining international treaties related to the prohibition of the recruitment of child soldiers and the approaches used and the precedents set by the international judiciary in adjudicating and deciding cases of the recruitment of child soldiers."

"This book provides an original legal analysis of child soldiers recruited into armed groups or forces committing mass atrocities and/or genocide as the victims of the genocidal forcible transfer of children. Legal argument is made regarding the lack of criminal culpability of such child soldier 'recruits' for conflict-related international crimes and the inapplicability of currently recommended judicial and non-judicial accountability mechanisms in such cases. The book challenges various anthropological accounts of child soldiers' alleged 'tactical agency' to resist committing atrocity as members of armed groups or forces committing mass atrocity and/or genocide. Also provided are original interpretations of relevant international law including an interpretation of the Rome Statute age-based exclusion from prosecution of persons who were under 18 at the time of perpetrating the crime as substantive law setting an international standard for the humane treatment of child soldiers."