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Abstrak :
Makalah ini membahas tentang terjadinya pemisahan kelompok atau segregasi pada masa apartheid yang terjadi di kota Johannesburg, Afrika Selatan. Makalah ini dibuat berdasarkan hasil penelitian akademis dari jurnal dan buku dari perpustakaan universitas. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk megambarkan kondisi Masyarakat di kota besar Johannesburg yang terpecah karena adanya rasisme oleh suatu kelompok. ......This paper discusses the occurrence of group divisions or segregation during the apartheid era which occurred in the city of Johannesburg, South Africa. This paper was created based on the results of academic research from journals and books from university libraries. Purpose of this study is to show the condition and demographics of people during those era in main city of Johannesburg which caused by racism of certain group.

Abstrak :
Draws on Mandela's personal archive of materials to offer unique access to the inner world of an incomparable world leader. Journals kept on the run during the anti-apartheid struggle of the early 1960s; diaries and draft letters written on Robben Island and in other South African prisons during his twenty-seven years of incarceration; notebooks from the post-apartheid transition; private recorded conversations; speeches and correspondence written during his presidency - a historic collection of documents archived at the Nelson Mandela Foundation is brought together

Abstrak :
Opposition to apartheid was one of the great moments in postwar history. Its success remains a symbol of a progressive global community. An African volk looks at this phenomenon from the other side. It explores how the apartheid state in South Africa sought to maintain power as the world of white empire gave way to a new postcolonial environment that repudiated racial hierarchy. Drawing upon archival research across Southern Africa and beyond, as well as over fifty hours of interviews with leading figures from the apartheid order, An African volk shows how instead of simply resisting decolonization and African nationalism in the name of white supremacy, the white power structure looked to hijack and invert the norms of the new global era to relegitimize its rule, break out of isolation, and secure international acceptance. Situated at the nexus of African, decolonization, and cold war history, An African Volk tells the story of how the architects of apartheid used statecraft to redefine whiteness and promote a fresh ideological basis for their rule. In doing so, it offers new global and local perspectives on the apartheid state and illuminates the complexities and contradictions of the postcolonial project. Equally, it shows how the regimes outreach to Africa both reflected and fueled heated debates within Afrikaner society over the relationship between race, nation, and state, exposing a deeply divided polity in the midst of massive economic, cultural, and social change.