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Hasil Pencarian

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Fersia Iranita Liza
"
Metode : Penelitian ini adalah penelitian potong lintang yang bersifat deksriptif analitik untuk mengetahui proporsi rinitis alergi pada pasien asma periode Agustus sampai Oktober 2014. Pasien asma yang datang ke poliklinik Asma dinilai derajat asma dan derajat kontrol asma dengan menggunakan Asthma Control Test (ACT). Jika terdapat minimal 2 gejala rinitis alergi maka dilakukan pemeriksaan nasoendoskopi dan uji cukit kulit. Dari uji cukit kulit, apabila terdapat jenis alergen positif maka didapatkan proporsi rinitis alergi.
Hasil. Dari 185 pasien asma yang memiliki dua atau lebih gejala rinitis alergi dan dilanjutkan dengan pemeriksaan nasoendoskopi serta uji cukit kulit adalah 67 orang. Didapatkan proporsi rinitis alergi pada pasien asma 54 orang (29,2%). Data karakteristik pasien asma meliputi jenis kelamin perempuan 77,3% lebih banyak dibandingkan laki-laki 22,7% dengan median usia 52 tahun. Hampir semua pasien menggunakan pembayaran BPJS 94,1% dengan riwayat alergi sebanyak 44,9%. Proporsi derajat asma stabil terbanyak persisten sedang 101 orang (54,6%) dan derajat asma terkontrol adalah terkontrol sebagian 47,0%. Dari sebaran gejala rinitis alergi yang terbanyak adalah bersin 46,5%, rinore 28,6%, dan hidung tersumbat 26,5%. Pada pemeriksaan nasoendoskopi, terdapat kelainan 28,6% dengan terbanyak septum deviasi 56,6%, konka pucat 50,9% dan konka edema 22,6%. Pemeriksaan uji cukit kulit 67 orang, didapatkan 54 orang positif dengan jenis alergen terbanyak positif adalah tungau debu rumah 38,8%. Proporsi derajat rinitis alergi sesuai kriteria ARIA terbanyak intermiten ringan dan persisten ringan 46,3%. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara derajat rinitis alergi dengan derajat asma (p = 0,035). Hubungan antara derajat rinitis alergi dengan derajat kontrol asma juga bermakna (p = 0,006).
Kesimpulan. Proporsi rinitis alergi pada pasien asma adalah 29,2% dengan jenis alergen terbanyak berdasarkan uji cukit kulit adalah tungau debu rumah. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara derajat rinitis alergi dengan derajat asma dan derajat kontrol asma.

Introduction : Asthma and rhinitis are two different entities are anatomical, physiological and clinical management but located in one airway. United Airway Disease (UAD) have hypothesized that inflammation of the upper and lower respiratory tract both a manifestation of a process of inflammation in the airways and this hypothesis is supported by evidence arising from the systemic relationship of the upper and lower respiratory tract. World Health Organization (WHO) issued a guidance entitled Allergic Rhinitis and it's Impact on Asthma (ARIA) 2001 which provides a comprehensive overview of the pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment of allergic rhinitis in asthma patients. This study aims to knowthe allergic rhinitis proportion on those patients and related factors at Persahabatan Hospital.
Methods : This is a cross-sectional study based on the descriptive and analytical to find out the allergic rhinitis proportion in asthma patients at the period August to October 2014. Those who came to asthma clinic evaluated for the degree of asthma control test (ACT). If there are at least two allergic rhinitis symptoms, nasoendoscopy examination and skin prick test should be done and if there is type of positive from skin prick test, the allergic rhinis proportion obtained.
Results : From 185 asthma patients who participate, have two or more allergic rhinitis symptoms and have joined nasoendoscopy examination and skin prick test are 67 person. It is found that the allergic rhinitis proportion in asthma patients are 54 (29,2%) the characteristics data of asthma patients include female (77,3%) and more than male (22,7%) with a median age of 52 years. Almost all patients use BPJS payment (94,1%) with the allergic history (44,9%).. The proportion of the highest degree persistent stable asthma are 101 person (54,6%) and the degree of asthma control which is partially controlled is 47,0%. From the distribution of the most allergic rhinitis symptoms are sneezing (46,5%), rhinorrhea (28,6%) and nasal congestion (26,5%). In the nasoendoscopy examination, there are abnormalities (28,6%) with septum deviation (56,6%), pale turbinate (50,9%) and concha edema (22,6%). Examination of the skin prick test from 67 person, 54 person are positive with the most type of allergen caused by house dust mites (38,8%). The proportion of the allergic rhinitis degree based on ARIA criteria, mild intermittent and mild persistent (46,3%). There is a significant correlation between the degree of allergic rhinitis with the asthma degree (p = 0,035). The corellation between the degree of allergic rhinitis with the degree of asthma control was also significant (p = 0,006).
Conclusion : The allergic rhinitis proportion in asthma patients is 29,2% and based on the skin prick test, the most type of allergensare the house dust mites. There is a significant association between the degree of allergic rhinitis with the asthma degree and the degree of asthma control."
2014
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UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Manuhutu, Victor Paulus
"Latar belakang : Diantara pasien TB paru resisten OAT terdapat cukup banyak pasien yang memiliki riwayat pengobatan sebelumnya.
Tujuan : Tujuan utama penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara riwayat pengobatan TB paru sebelumnya dengan pola resistensi OAT di RS Persahabatan. Tujuan lain penelitian ini adalah untuk mendapatkan data mengenai riwayat pengobatan sebelumnya pasien TB paru resisten OAT, menilai peranan pasien dalam menyebabkan terjadinya TB paru resisten OAT dan menilai secara tidak langsung peranan tenaga kesehatan dalam menyebabkan terjadinya TB paru resisten OAT.
Hasil : Hasil penelitan ini menunjukkan terdapat 60 subjek yang terdiri dari 38 subjek laki - laki dan 22 subjek perempuan, sebagian besar subjek berasal dari kelompok umur 30 - 39 tahun (33,3%) dengan rata - rata umur 36,8 tahun. Sebanyak 81,7% mempunyai lebih dari 1 kali riwayat pengobatan TB paru sebelumnya, 28 subjek (46,7%) mempunyai 2 kali riwayat pengobatan TB paru sebelumnya dan terdapat 2 subjek (3,3%) dengan 5 kali riwayat pengobatan TB paru sebelumnya. Pada pengobatan pertama sampai pengobatan ketiga, lalai merupakan hasil pengobatan yang terbanyak (31,7%, 26,5% dan 33,3%) dan gagal konversi kategori II merupakan kriteria suspek TB paru resisten OAT yang terbanyak (46,7%). Sebanyak 71,7% subjek pernah mendapatkan pengobatan TB paru di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan pemerintah. Dokter umum praktek swasta merupakan fasilitas kesehatan yang paling banyak tidak melakukan pemeriksaan BTA baik untuk diagnosis maupun untuk evaluasi pengobatan TB paru (66,7%, 60% dan 100%). Terdapat persentase pemberian rejimen pengobatan tidak sesuai yang lebih besar pada riwayat pengobatan kedua 32,7% apabila dibandingkan dengan pengobatan pertama 10%. Pola resistensi terhadap H - R - S - E adalah pola resistensi terbanyak (51,7%). Tidak terdapat hubungan antara jumlah riwayat pengobatan TB paru dengan pola resistensi, odds ratio pola resistensi H-R-S-E dengan jumlah riwayat pengobatan TB 1- 2 kali terhadap jumlah riwayat pengobatan TB 3 - 5 kali adalah 0,731 (CI 95% 0,245 - 2,074; p = 0,533).
Kesimpulan : Pola resistensi H - R - S - E adalah pola resistensi terbanyak. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara jumlah riwayat pengobatan TB paru dengan pola resistensi di RSUP Persahabatan.

Background : Most of anti tuberculosis drug resistant patients had previous history of pulmonary TB treatment.
Purpose : This study is primarily aimed to see the relationship between anti TB drug resistant patients previous history of TB treatment and patients resistance patterns at Persahabatan hospital. The other aims are to collect patient’s previous history of TB treament, see patient’s role in TB drug resistance and see the health worker’s role in TB drug resistance.
Method : This study uses cross sectional. Data collected by interview with questionnaire and from medical record.ving TB treatment and evaluation (66,7%, 44% and 100%).
Result : In this study there are 60 subjects that consist of 38 males and 22 females whose ages are around 30 to 39 (33,3%) and their mean age is 36,8. Around 81,7% of those subjects had more than 1 previous history of pulmonary TB treatment, 28 (46,7%) had twice and 2 (3,3%) had five times. Default from treatement mostly happened to the 1st up to 3rd of previous TB treatment (31,7%, 26,5% and 33,3%). Failure category 2 mostly happened to the drug resistant suspected criteria (46,7%). Around 71,7% subjects have been treated at the goverment healthcare facilities. Private clinics are the healthcare facilities that often don’t perform sputum smear before giving TB treatment. There are higher mistakes ATD regiment in 2nd previous previous TB treatment 32,7% if compared to 1st previous TB treatment 10%. Resistance to Isoniazid, rifampicin, ethambutol dan streptomycin is the the most frequent resistance patterns (51,7%). There is no correlation between the numbers of previous history of TB treatment and resistance patterns at Persahabatan hospital, the odds ratio resistance patterns H - R - S - E of 1- 2 times previous history of TB treatments to 3 - 5 times is 0,731 (CI 95% 0,245 - 2,074; p = 0,533).
Conclution : Resistance to H - R - S - E is the the most frequent resistance patterns. There is no correlation between the numbers of previous history of TB treatment and resistance patterns at Persahabatan hospital."
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2014
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UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library
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Vinci Edy Wibowo
"[Latar Belakang : Sesak napas merupakan keluhan utama pada kanker paru. Obat
golongan opioid seperti morfin dapat digunakan untuk mengurangi keluhan sesak
napas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menetapkan efek pengurangan sesak napas
dengan pemberian morfin oral lepas lambat 2x10 mg dan 2x30 mg, serta efek
samping yang ditimbulkan.
Metode : Penelitian uji klinis dengan subjek pasien kanker paru dengan
membandingkan keluhan sesak napas sebelum dan sesudah pemberian morfin oral
2x10 mg selama 2 hari dan dilanjutkan dengan 2x30 mg selama 2 hari. Derajat
sesak dinilai dengan menggunakan skor sesak modified Borg?s dyspnea scale dan
Visual Analog Scale (VAS) untuk sesak. Efek samping dipantau selama
pemberian obat.
Hasil : Tiga puluh tiga peserta penelitian dengan 27 laki-laki (81,8%), jenis
kanker paru adenokarsinoma 25 orang (75,8%). Terdapat perbaikan keluhan sesak
napas setelah morfin 2x10 mg pada 18 dari 33 peserta (54,5%) dengan penurunan
rata-rata skor sesak Borg dan VAS sebanyak 0,70 dan 6,72 dengan p <0,001
dibanding skor awal. Setelah pemberian morfin 2x30 mg perbaikan sesak napas
didapat pada 26 dari 33 peserta (78,8%) dengan penurunan rata-rata skor sesak
Borg dan VAS sebanyak 1,64 dan 16,06 dengan p <0,001 dibanding skor awal.
Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara pemberian morfin 2x10 mg dan 2x30 mg (p
<0,001). Efek samping yang didapat setelah morfin 2x30 mg yaitu 33,3%
mengeluh konstipasi, 42,4% mengantuk, dan 12,1% mual. Tidak ada pasien yang
mengalami depresi pernapasan berat.
Kesimpulan : Terdapat perbaikan keluhan sesak napas setelah pemberian morfin
oral lepas lambat 2x10 mg dan dan perbaikan yang lebih baik dengan 2x30 mg. Tidak ada efek samping yang berat setelah pemberian morfin oral.;Background: Dyspnea is a major complaint in lung cancer. Opioids drugs such as
morphine is known to be used to reduce dyspnea. This study aims to determine
whether there is an improvement of dyspnea by titrating morphine sustained
release tablet 2x10 mg and 2x30 mg in lung cancer patient, and the side effects
that appear.
Methods: The study is a clinical trial with the subject of lung cancer patients by
comparing dyspnea before and after administration of 2x10 mg morphine tablets
for 2 days, followed by 2x30 mg for 2 days. The degree of dyspnea assessed using
the modified Borg's dyspnea scale and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for
dyspnea. Side effects are observed during administration of the drug.
Results: Thirty-three study participants with predominantly 27 men (81.8%) and
25 participants with adenocarcinoma (75.8%). There were improvements in
dyspnea after morphine 2x10 mg in 18 of the 33 participants (54.5%) with an
average improvements of Borg and VAS scores for 0.70 and 6.72 with p <0.001
compared to the initial score. After administration of morphine 2x30 mg
improvements in dyspnea were obtained in 26 of the 33 participants (78.8%) with
an average improvements of Borg and VAS scores for 1.64 and 16.06 with p
<0.001 compared to the initial score. There were significant differences between
the administration of morphine 2x10 mg and 2x30 mg (p <0.001). Side effects
were obtained after 2x30 mg morphine such as 33.3% complained of constipation,
drowsiness in 42.4%, and nausea in 12.1%. No patients experienced severe
respiratory depression.
Conclusion: There is dyspnea improvement after administration of sustainedrelease
morphine tablet 2x10 mg and better improvement with 2x30 mg. No severe side effects after administration of oral morphine., Background: Dyspnea is a major complaint in lung cancer. Opioids drugs such as
morphine is known to be used to reduce dyspnea. This study aims to determine
whether there is an improvement of dyspnea by titrating morphine sustained
release tablet 2x10 mg and 2x30 mg in lung cancer patient, and the side effects
that appear.
Methods: The study is a clinical trial with the subject of lung cancer patients by
comparing dyspnea before and after administration of 2x10 mg morphine tablets
for 2 days, followed by 2x30 mg for 2 days. The degree of dyspnea assessed using
the modified Borg's dyspnea scale and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) for
dyspnea. Side effects are observed during administration of the drug.
Results: Thirty-three study participants with predominantly 27 men (81.8%) and
25 participants with adenocarcinoma (75.8%). There were improvements in
dyspnea after morphine 2x10 mg in 18 of the 33 participants (54.5%) with an
average improvements of Borg and VAS scores for 0.70 and 6.72 with p <0.001
compared to the initial score. After administration of morphine 2x30 mg
improvements in dyspnea were obtained in 26 of the 33 participants (78.8%) with
an average improvements of Borg and VAS scores for 1.64 and 16.06 with p
<0.001 compared to the initial score. There were significant differences between
the administration of morphine 2x10 mg and 2x30 mg (p <0.001). Side effects
were obtained after 2x30 mg morphine such as 33.3% complained of constipation,
drowsiness in 42.4%, and nausea in 12.1%. No patients experienced severe
respiratory depression.
Conclusion: There is dyspnea improvement after administration of sustainedrelease
morphine tablet 2x10 mg and better improvement with 2x30 mg. No severe side effects after administration of oral morphine.]"
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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Priska Duana Putri
"ABSTRAK
Latar Belakang : Kotinin merupakan hasil metabolit utama nikotin dan
kadarnya pada urin merupakan indikator pajanan asap rokok. Penlitian ini untuk
mengetahui kadar kotinin urin pada anak yang terpajan dan tidak terpajan asap
rokok di lingkungan rumah.
Metode : Penelitian potong lintang pada anak usia sekolah dasar yang tidak
merokok. Subjek dikelompokkan menjadi kelompok terpajan dan tidak terpajan
berdasarkan status pajanannya. Data yang diperoleh dari kuesioner dan sampel
urin sewaktu yang diukur dengan metode ELISA.
Hasil : Total subjek 128 anak usia 6-12 tahun yang terdiri dari 64 anak pada
kelompok terpajan dan 64 anak yang tidak terpajan. Kadar kotinin urin pada
kelompok terpajan lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok tidak terpajan (median
30,1 vs 8,45 ng/ml; p<0.05). Terdapat perbedaan kadar kotinin pada anak yang
terpajan asap rokok dengan jumlah batang rokok yang dihisap oleh perokok di
rumah (p<0.05). Status pajanan asap rokok berhubungan dengan keluhan batuk,
infeksi saluran napas atas dan rawat inap karena keluhan respirasi pada anak. Nilai
titik potong optimal kadar kotinin urin pada anak untuk menilai pajanan asap
rokok yaitu 17,95 ng/ml (sensitifitas 81%, spesifisitas 81%, AUC 91,2%, p<0.05).
Kesimpulan: Kadar kotinin urin dapat digunakan sebagai biomarker yang tidak invasif untuk evaluasi pajanan asap rokok pada anak.
ABSTRACT
Introduction : The cotinine is major metabolite of nicotine and the level of
urinary cotinine is an indicator of tobacco smoke exposure. This study investigate
role of urinary cotinine level in children exposed and unexposed to tobacco smoke
at home.
Method : A Cross sectional study that enrolled elementary school nonsmokers
children classified into exposed group and unexposed group based on tobacco
smoke sexposure status. The questionnaire and spot urinary samples were
collected and urinary cotinine levels were measured by ELISA.
Results : A total 128 nonsmokers children age 6-12 years divided into 64 children
in exposed group and 64 children in unexposed group. The urinary cotinine levels
in exposed group significantly higher than unexposed group (median 30,1 ng/m;
vs 8,45 ng/ml; p<0.05). There was significant difference of urinary cotinine level
in exposed group with number of cigarettes (p<0.05). Tobacco smoke exposure
status associated with frequent cough symptom, upper respiratory infection and
hospitalization because of respiratory symptoms in subjects. The optimal cut off
point urinary cotinine in children to distinguish unexposed children with exposed
to tobacco smoke at home was 17,95 ng/ml (sensitivity 81%, spesificity 81%,
p<0.05).
Conclusion : The urinary cotinine level is useful and noninvasive biomarker for evaluating tobacco smoke exposure in children. ;Introduction : The cotinine is major metabolite of nicotine and the level of
urinary cotinine is an indicator of tobacco smoke exposure. This study investigate
role of urinary cotinine level in children exposed and unexposed to tobacco smoke
at home.
Method : A Cross sectional study that enrolled elementary school nonsmokers
children classified into exposed group and unexposed group based on tobacco
smoke sexposure status. The questionnaire and spot urinary samples were
collected and urinary cotinine levels were measured by ELISA.
Results : A total 128 nonsmokers children age 6-12 years divided into 64 children
in exposed group and 64 children in unexposed group. The urinary cotinine levels
in exposed group significantly higher than unexposed group (median 30,1 ng/m;
vs 8,45 ng/ml; p<0.05). There was significant difference of urinary cotinine level
in exposed group with number of cigarettes (p<0.05). Tobacco smoke exposure
status associated with frequent cough symptom, upper respiratory infection and
hospitalization because of respiratory symptoms in subjects. The optimal cut off
point urinary cotinine in children to distinguish unexposed children with exposed
to tobacco smoke at home was 17,95 ng/ml (sensitivity 81%, spesificity 81%,
p<0.05).
Conclusion : The urinary cotinine level is useful and noninvasive biomarker for evaluating tobacco smoke exposure in children. ;Introduction : The cotinine is major metabolite of nicotine and the level of
urinary cotinine is an indicator of tobacco smoke exposure. This study investigate
role of urinary cotinine level in children exposed and unexposed to tobacco smoke
at home.
Method : A Cross sectional study that enrolled elementary school nonsmokers
children classified into exposed group and unexposed group based on tobacco
smoke sexposure status. The questionnaire and spot urinary samples were
collected and urinary cotinine levels were measured by ELISA.
Results : A total 128 nonsmokers children age 6-12 years divided into 64 children
in exposed group and 64 children in unexposed group. The urinary cotinine levels
in exposed group significantly higher than unexposed group (median 30,1 ng/m;
vs 8,45 ng/ml; p<0.05). There was significant difference of urinary cotinine level
in exposed group with number of cigarettes (p<0.05). Tobacco smoke exposure
status associated with frequent cough symptom, upper respiratory infection and
hospitalization because of respiratory symptoms in subjects. The optimal cut off
point urinary cotinine in children to distinguish unexposed children with exposed
to tobacco smoke at home was 17,95 ng/ml (sensitivity 81%, spesificity 81%,
p<0.05).
Conclusion : The urinary cotinine level is useful and noninvasive biomarker for evaluating tobacco smoke exposure in children. "
Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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Dwi Handoko
"ABSTRAK
Latar belakang: Penyakit paru obstruktif kronik merupakan penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas di dunia. Penyakit komorbid pada PPOK berkontribusi terhadap rendahnya status kesehatan, mempengaruhi lama perawatan bahkan kematian. Osteoporosis merupakan komorbid yang cukup sering ditemukan pada PPOK. Di Indonesia khususnya di RSUP Persahabatan belum ada data prevalens osteoporosis pasien PPOK stabil.
Objektif: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mendapatkan angka prevalens osteoporosis pada pasien PPOK stabil di RSUP Persahabatan Jakarta.
Metode: Disain penelitian ini adalah potong lintang. Pasien PPOK stabil yang berkunjung di poliklinik Asma/PPOK RSUP Persahabatan yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi. Subjek diperiksa densitas mineral tulang menggunakan dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) dan diperiksa kadar vitamin D darah. Saat pasien berkunjung, dilakukan anamnesis gejala, eksaserbasi, riwayat merokok, penggunaan kortikosteroid (oral atau inhalasi), komorbid, penilaian status gizi. Selanjutnya dilakukan analisis dengan uji statistik.
Hasil: Subjek terbanyak adalah laki-laki (90,6%) dengan kelompok usia 65-75 tahun (53,1%), riwayat merokok terbanyak (84,4%). Berdasarkan derajat PPOK terbanyak adalah GOLD II (46,9%) dan grup B (50%) dengan menggunakan kortikosteroid sebanyak (65,7%). Pada penelitian ini didapatkan prevalens osteoporosis sebesar 37,5%, artinya lebih dari sepertiga pasien mengalami osteoporosis. Dalam Penelitian ini tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna secara statistik antara grup PPOK, derajat PPOK, jenis kelamin, riwayat merokok, riwayat kortikosteroid, usia, kadar 25-OHD, faal paru dengan terjadinya osteoporosis pada pasien PPOK stabil (p>0,05). Pada penelitian ini didapatkan hubungan bermakna pada IMT yang rendah sebagai faktor risiko osteoporosis pada PPOK stabil (p<0,001).
Kesimpulan: Prevalens osteoporosis pada pasien PPOK stabil di RSUP Persahabatan Jakarta adalah 37,5%. Terdapat hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara IMT dengan osteoporosis pada pasien PPOK stabil (p<0,001).

ABSTRACT
Background: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Comorbid diseases in COPD contributing to low health status, affecting the duration of treatment and even death. Osteoporosis is a quite often comorbid that found in COPD. In Indonesia, particularly in Persahabatan Hospital there are no data of prevalence on osteoporosis in patient with stable COPD.
Objective: The purpose of this research is to get the prevalence?s data of osteoporosis in patients with stable COPD at Persahabatan Hospital-Jakarta.
Method: The studie?s design was cross-sectional. Patients with stable COPD who came to the Asthma/COPD policlinic at Persahabatan Hospital-Jakarta who meet the criteria of inclusion and exclusion. Subjects had an examined of bone mineral density using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and had an examined of vitamin D blood level. At the time of visit, conducted anamnesis of symptoms, exacerbations, history of smoking, used of corticosteroid (oral or inhaled), comorbid, assessment of nutritional status. Then we did statistical test for analysis.
Results: Subjects were dominated with male (90.6%) in the age group 65-75 years old (53.1%), and smoking history (84.4%). The most degree of COPD of the subject were GOLD II (46.9%) and group B (50%) that using corticosteroid (65.7%). In this study we found prevalence of osteoporosis was 37.5%, meaning that approximately more than one third of the patients have had osteoporosis. There were no statistically significant relationship between COPD group, the degree of COPD, sex, smoking history, history of corticosteroid, age, levels of 25-OHD, pulmonary function with the occurrence of osteoporosis in patients with stable COPD (p>0.05). We found a significant relationship on low BMI as a risk factor for osteoporosis in stable COPD (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The prevalence of osteoporosis in patients with stable COPD in Persahabatan Hospital-Jakarta is 37.5%. There are a statistically significant relationship between BMI with osteoporosis in patients with stable COPD (p <0.001).
"
Jakarta: Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Indonesia, 2015
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UI - Tugas Akhir  Universitas Indonesia Library