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"Saat ini, perilaku merokok semakin merata, bukan hanya perilaku orang de-wasa, tetapi juga telah menjadi gaya hidup para remaja. Penelitian ini ber-tujuan menilai hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan, interaksi kelompoksebaya, interaksi keluarga, iklan rokok, dan sikap dengan perilaku merokokremaja di kota Makassar. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi obser-vasional cross sectional. Teknik sampling menggunakan multistage randomsampling dengan jumlah sampel 471 responden. Data dianalisis dengan ujikai kuadrat, koefisien phi (f) dengan α = 0,05. Responden perokok sekitar25,3%, sementara responden yang berpengetahuan rendah 16,6%, ber-interaksi negatif dengan kelompok sebaya 24,2%, berinteraksi negatif de-ngan keluarga 47,8%, respons negatif iklan rokok 4,9%, dan sikap negatif3,4%. Uji kai kuadrat menunjukkan ada hubungan antara interaksi kelom-pok sebaya (nilai p = 0,000), interaksi keluarga (nilai p = 0,010), iklan rokok(nilai p = 0,000), dan sikap merokok (nilai p = 0,001) dengan perilakumerokok remaja. Tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan denganperilaku merokok remaja (nilai p = 0,056). Kelompok sebaya dan iklan rokokberpengaruh paling bermakna pada perilaku merokok remaja. Sekolahperlu dilibatkan lebih intensif pada upaya pencegahan dan intervensi peri-laku merokok pada anak dan remaja.Nowadays, Smoking not only the behavior of adults, but it has become away of life for most of teenagers. The study aimed to analyze the correla-tion between knowledge, peer group interaction, family interaction, cigaretteadvertisement, and attitude of smoking between smoking behavior amongteenagers in Makassar city. Observational cross sectional study was per-formed in this study. There were 471 respondents selected by applyingmultistage random sampling. Data was analyzed with chi square test, phicoefficient (f) with α = 0.05. Number of smokers were 25.3% of respon-dents, meanwhile, low knowledge of respondents were 16.6%, a negativeinteraction within a peer group of 24.2%, a negative interaction with family47.8%, the negative response to cigarette advertising 4.9%, and a negativeattitude 3.4%. Chi square test showed there was a correlation betweenpeer group interaction (p value = 0.000), family interaction (p value = 0.010),cigarette advertisement (p value = 0.000), and smoking attitude (p value =0,001), and smoking behavior of the teenagers. However, no correlationbetween the level of knowledge (p value = 0.056) and smoking behavioramong the teenagers. Peer group and cigarette advertisement most signif-icant affect smoking behavior of teenagers. It is recommended that schoolsneed to be involved to provide prevention and intervention on smokingbehavior of teenagers are more intensive."

"Konsep Three Lines of Defence krusial dalam meningkatkan efektivitas pengawasan internal dan manajemen risiko, dengan Aparat Pengawas Internal Pemerintah (APIP) sebagai Lini Ketiga. Tesis ini mengevaluasi efektivitas pelatihan auditor di lingkungan Itjen TNI dari aspek pembelajaran (Learning) berdasarkan pendekatan Kirkpatrick dan penyusunan Human Capital Development Plan (HCDP) yang efektif untuk pengembangan SDM APIP. Menggunakan metode kuantitatif dengan teknik Total Sampling, kuesioner disebarkan kepada seluruh personel Itjen TNI, dan dari 144 kuesioner, 136 berhasil dikumpulkan dan dianalisis statistik. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan perubahan positif dalam sikap, pengetahuan, dan keterampilan auditor setelah Diklat. Penetapan kebutuhan Diklat membantu memperkuat kapabilitas APIP dalam melaksanakan tugas secara efektif, mendukung pencapaian tujuan strategis organisasi. Selain itu, terdapat pengaruh positif dan signifikan antar variabel Perencanaan dan pengorganisasian, peningkatan kualitas, pekerjaan, dan pembelajaran yang dimoderasi oleh HCDP.

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The Three Lines of Defense concept is crucial in improving the effectiveness of internal control and risk management, with the Government Internal Supervisory Apparatus (APIP) as the Third Line. This thesis evaluates the effectiveness of auditor training within Itjen TNI from the aspect of learning based on the Kirkpatrick approach and the preparation of an effective Human Capital Development Plan (HCDP) for APIP HR development. Using quantitative methods with Total Sampling techniques, questionnaires were distributed to all Itjen TNI personnel, and out of 144 questionnaires, 136 were successfully collected and statistically analyzed. The evaluation results showed positive changes in auditors' attitudes, knowledge, and skills after the training. Determination of training needs helps strengthen APIP's capability to carry out tasks effectively, supporting the achievement of organizational strategic goals. In addition, there is a positive and significant influence between the variables Planning and organizing, quality improvement, work, and learning moderated by HCDP."