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"Krisis ekonomi yang berkepanjangan telah mengakibatkan meningkatnya jumlah penduduk miskin dan menurunnya berbagai indikator kesehatan, diantaranya meningkatnya insidens Kurang Energi Protein (KEP) terutama pada bayi dan anak. Situasi tersebut berakibat pada menurunnya status gizi masyarakat terutama pada kelompok usia 6 - 23 bulan dan meningkatnya prevalensi gizi buruk. Peningkatan angka kejadian balita gizi buruk akibat krisis ekonomi memicu peningkatan angka kesakitan penyakit-penyakit infeksi pada kelompok usia tersebut karena daya tahan tubuh yang rendah mengakibatkan balita menjadi kelompok rentan penyakit. Salah satu penyakit yang panting untuk diwaspadai pada kelompok balita gizi buruk adalah penyakit TBC paru karena angka kesakitan penyakit tersebut pada usia dewasa produktif masih cukup tinggi terutama dari kelompok masyarakat ekonomi lemah sebagai sumber penularan pada kelompok balita gizi buruk yang banyak terdapat pada kelompok masyarakat tersebut.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor-faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian TBC Paru pada balita berstatus gizi buruk di Kota Bogor tahun 2003. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah desain kasus kontrol dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 200 balita yang terdiri dari 50 balita gizi buruk penderita TBC sebagai kasus dan 150 balita gizi buruk non penderita TBC sebagai kontrol. Data penelitian terdiri dari data sekunder yang diperoleh dengan cara observasi dokumen dan data primer yang diperoleh dengan cara wawancara dan pengukuran. Data yang telah terkumpul dianalisis dengan uji Chi Square dan analisis regresi logistik untuk mengetahui hubungan faktor risiko dengan kejadian TBC Paru pada balita gizi buruk.Hasil Uji Kai Square menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 5 (lima) variabel yang berhubungan bermakna secara statistik dengan kejadian TBC Paru balita gizi buruk yaitu Penderita TBC serumah, kelembaban kamar, kelembaban ruang keluarga, pencahayaan kamar dan pencahayan ruang keluarga sedangkan berdasarkan hasil analisis regresi logistik diketahui bahwa variabel perilaku merupakan variabel yang dominan berhubungan dengan kejadian TBC paru pada balita gizi buruk di Kota Bogor tahun 2003 (OR = 10,99). Dari hasil pemodelan variabel penelitian diketahui pula bahwa balita gizi buruk dengan faktor risiko tinggal di rumah yang kelembabannya tidak memenuhi syarat dan tinggal dengan penderita TBC Paru berperilaku tidak sehat mempunyai probabilitas terkena penyakit TBC Paru sebesar 85% dibandingkan dengan balita gizi buruk yang tidak memiliki faktor risiko tersebut.Saran yang diajukan berdasarkan hasil penelitian ini adalah peningkatan kegiatan pengobatan penderita TBC Paru serta pencegahan penderita putus berobat dengan menggunakan strategi DOTS dan pembentukan PMO, Pemberian reward bagi penderita TBC Paru yang tuntas berobat, Pemberian stimulan dan pembentukan kelompok arisan rumah sehat dalam perbaikan perumahan penduduk agar memenuhi syarat kesehatan lingkungan serta peningkatan upaya penyuluhan kepada masyarakat terutama bagi penderita TBC paru agar tidak berperilaku yang dapat menularkan penyakit tersebut seperti meludah disembarang tempat, serta bersin atau batuk dengan tidak menutup mulut.

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Economics crises in longer time have increased poor population group that followed with decreasing of healthy indicators in case increasing of malnutrition incidence especially babies and children. The situation may have decreased of public nutrition status especially in the group of children 6 - 23 months age and increased malnutrition prevalence. Increasing children malnutrition prevalence has triggered increasing of infectious disease morbidity in the group caused lowness of immunity in the group as a high risk group was attacked infectious disease. One of infectious disease with have alerted in the malnutrition children group is pulmonary TBC, because morbidity case of the disease in adult productive group still more, especially in poor population community, as infecting agent to the malnutrition children group.

The research objective is about risk factors that related with pulmonary TBC incidence in malnutrition children group in Bogor 2003. Research design is case control study with 200 children as sample, 50 children with TBC Pulmonary as case group and 150 children without TBC Pulmonary as control group. Research data consist of secondary data by document observation and primary data by questionnaire and measurement. The data analyses with chi-square and logistic regression analyses to know how the risk factor and pulmonary TBC incidence in the case group related

As a summary of chi square test shows that five variable have statistically significant with pulmonary TBC incidence in case group ; in case a victim of pulmonary TBC at home, humidity of bed room, humidity of living room, illumination of bed room and illumination of living room. The logistic regression analyses shows that attitude variable is dominantly variable related with pulmonary TBC Incidence in Bogor 2003 (OR = 10,99). Research variable modeling shows that malnutrition children with risk factors : unconditional humidity home and live with an unhealthy attitude pulmonary TBC victim have probability to suffer TBC disease about 85% compared with malnutrition children without risk factors.

As a proposition we suggestion increasing Therapeutic activity for pulmonary TBC victims and preventing with drawal therapy with DOTS strategy and PMO formation ; rewarding for pulmonary TBC victims who have completed therapy ; giving stimulant and "arisan rumah sehat" . increasing health promotion especially for TBC pulmonary victims so they have healthy attitude to prevent spreading TBC disease."

"The First Class Prison of Cipinang is an institution which served a guidance program for convicts, based on imprisonment system where it focused on the effort of nurturing and guiding convicts in order to rehabilitate the wholeness of relationship between individual convict, officer and society.In this research, the main problem posed is to explain the correlation and test the relation between independent variable, which is the ability and work motivation of officer. and the dependent variable, convicts guidance ln First Class Prison of Cipinang. The population on this research is all 423 officers work in First Class Prison of Cipinang. Sample was gathered using stratified random method, which is stratified selection of samples from each level of population, in total of 109 people.The research method used here is a survey method using questioners with closed questions proposed to respondents, where all the answers set in likert scale. Literature study and observation are also used to analyze data of officers' ability, their work motivation and the guidance of convicts in First Class Prison of Cipinang. ln order to analyze the relation between variables, this research used SPSS (Statistic Product and Service Solutions) to produce cross tabs and correlation test. Validity test of each question in the research used item analysis by counting the score correlation between each question and total variable (total score of each related variable). Reliability test was done to determine the consistency of question items to split half Spearman Brown.From the correlation result of Spearman counting method, the relation between ability and motivation of 0.355 was detemtined with significance level of 0.00. Hence, the conclusion reached was that there is a low level of relation between ability and motivation of officer. There is a relation between officers' ability and convicts' guidance of 0.305 with a significance level of 0.00t. lt can also be concluded that the relation between officers' ability and convicts' guidance is exist although low. Meanwhile, th relation between officers? motivation and convicts' guidance is at 0.307 with significance level of 0001. The conclusion to be reached was that there is a relation between officers' motivation and convicts' guidance but the relation is weak. The conclusion to be reached from this research is that there is a positive and significant relation between officers' ability and work motivation and convicts' guidance in First Class Prison of Cipinang.Based on the research findings, the writer recommended several suggestions to policy makers concerning the improvement of the First Class Prison of Cipinang, as follow:1. Improvement of ability level of officers through education and training based on port folios in First Class Prison of Cipinang.2. Improvement of work motivation of ofricers to be able to execute their tasks as expected from their portfolios.3. Improvement of convicts' guidance trough systematic in order to fulfill the aim of guidance, which are to prevent repetitious of legal offence and established active, productive and contented person."