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"Penelitian ini bertujuan membuat suatu konsep untuk meningkatkan kemampuan infrastruktur pemesinan dalam mengolah informasi guna keperluan manufaktur dan berinteraksi/berkomunikasi dengan lingkungan. Dalam penelitian ini, konsep tersebut diuji coba untuk mendapatkan sebuah model sistem pengendalian proses pemotongan milling dalam skala laboratorium, yang dikembangkan dengan aplikasi server berbasis pemrograman berorientasi obyek dan dihubungkan dengan sebuah mesin milling CNC EMCO TU-3A yang digunakan sebagai unit pelatihan di institusi pendidikan. Sistem proses pemotongan yang berbasis web ini akan memperpendek siklus waktu pengerjaan suatu produk dan mempermudah akses sistem pengendalian karena dapat dilakukan dari mana saja melalui akses intemet. Penggunaan skala laboratorium ini diharapkan dapat memberikan contoh aplikasi dari konsep yang dikembangkan serta membuktikan kemungkinan penerapan konsep tersebut baik dalam skala terbatas maupun skala yang lebih besar. Selain itu contoh aplikasi dalam skala laboratorium ini juga dimaksudkan untuk membenkan kontribusi kepada dunia pendidikan, sehingga diharapkan konsep ini dapat memberikan masukan tentang bagaimana mesin-mesin produksi untuk keperluan pendidikan/penelitian dapat ditingkatkan kemampuannya sehingga dapat lebih mudah dan ekonomis mengikuti perkembangan teknologi yang pada akhirnya bermanfaat bagi mahasiswa maupun bagi kegiatan penelitian. Dalam konsep clan penerapannya digunakan "state of the art" dari kemajuan teknologi informasi, sistem pengendalian maupun konsep yang berkembang dari standard-standard intemasional.

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The research determines the concept for increasing the capability of machining infrastructure particularly in the information process of manufacturing processes and their interaction and communication with the environment. In this research, the investigation of the concept is conducted to determine a model of process control system in milling process which is done in laboratory scale, developed by object-oriented server application programming and connected to an EMCO TU-3A CNC machines as the traning unit machine in educational institutions. This web-based machining process system wiII shorten the cycle time of production process and flexible to be controlled by accessing via internet. The use of laboratory scale would be expected to give an example of concept application which has been developed and to prove the possibility of concept application in limited or even larger scale. Furthermore, this application would be intended to give the contribution in educational purposes, and how the manufacturing machines for educational will be enhanced in their capabilities, as well as their beneficial for student's activity and research. The concept and application will use the state of the art of information technology and control system advancement along with the developing concept from the international standards."

"This paper proposes a study on the comparison of particle swarm optimization with genetic algorithm for molten pool detection in fixed aluminum pipe welding. The research was conducted for welding of aluminum alloy Al6063S-T6 with a controlled welding speed and a Charge-couple Device (CCD) camera as vision sensor. Omnivision-based monitoring using a hyperboloidal mirror was used to detect the molten pool. In this paper, we propose an optimized brightness range for detecting the molten pool edge using particle swarm optimization and compare the results to genetic algorithm. The values of the brightness range were applied to the real time control system using fuzzy inference system. Both optimization methods showed good results on the edge detection of the molten pool. The results of experiments with control show the effectiveness of the image processing algorithm and control process."

"Salah satu metode perancangan sebuah Center-type jet pump adalah dengan menggunakan perubahan jarak driving nozzle (nosel penggerak) terhadap sisi masuk mixing tube (I) agar didapatkan efisiensi kerja yang optimal. Dalam penelitian ini digunakan 2 metode pengujian secara eksperimental dengan panjang I = 2d (d = diameter jet nosel). Sedangkan untuk pengujian numerik menggunakan Navier-Stokes dengan variasi panjang I = 0, d, dan 2d dengan bilangan Reynolds sebesar 68896 dan dalam kondisi turbulen. Variasi lain yang digunakan dalam pengujian numerik ini adalah menggunakan beda tekanan antara sisi hisap dan sisi hantar sebesar 0 dan 1X10 pa. Dan hasil pengujian didapatkan bahwa dengan bertambahnya panjang dan timbulnya beda tekanan antar sisi hisap dan sisi hantar akan meningkatkan intensitas pembentukan vorteks sesuai dengan hasil eksperimental di laboratorium."

"Dalam penelitian ini telah dikembangkan sistem pengelasan otomatis Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) dengan menggunakan sensor vision pada pengelasan pipa aluminum. Penelitian ini mempelajari proses pengelasan cerdas pipa paduan aluminum 6063S-T5 dalam posisi tetap dengan obor las (welding torch) bergerak dan menggunakan mesin las AC. Model Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan (neural network) untuk pengendalian kecepatan pengelasan telah dikembangkan agar dapat bekerja secara otomatis. Untuk melatih Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan ini diperlukan cukup banyak data dari penelitian sehingga memerlukan waktu dan dana yang cukup besar. Penelitian ini menawarkan proses baru untuk memperkirakan dan mengendalikan penetrasi pengelasan dalam pengelasan pipa paduan aluminum. Penetrasi las diperkirakan dengan menggunakan metode perkiraan secara hibrida yaitu dengan mengombinasikan simulasi pengelasan dan pengamatan visual menggunakan sensor vision. Dari hasil eksperimen didapatkan bahwa sistem pengendalian cukup efektif untuk mendeteksi kolam las (molten pool) dan menghasilkan pengelasan yang baik.

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This research has developed an automatic welding system Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) using sensor vision on aluminum pipe welding. This research studied the process of intelligent welding of alloy pipe aluminum 6063S-T5 in a fixed position with a welding torch to move and use the AC welding machines. The neural network model to control the speed of the welding has been developed in order to work automatically. The neural network train need quite a lot of data from studies that require time and substansial funds. This research offers a new process for estimating and controlling welding penetration in welding of aluminum alloy pipe. Weld penetration was estimated by using the approximate hybrid method that combines the simulations of welding and visual inspection using sensor vision. The experiment results that the control system is effective enough to detect the molten pool and produce a good weld."

"Dalam penelitian ini telah dikembangkan sistem pengelasan otomatis Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) dengan menggunakan sensor vision pada pengelasan pipa aluminum. Penelitian ini mempelajari proses pengelasan cerdas pipa paduan aluminum 6063S-T5 dalam posisi tetap dengan obor las (welding torch) bergerak dan menggunakan mesin las AC. Model Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan (neural network) untuk pengendalian kecepatan pengelasan telah dikembangkan agar dapat bekerja secara otomatis. Untuk melatih Jaringan Syaraf Tiruan ini diperlukan cukup banyak data dari penelitian sehingga memerlukan waktu dan dana yang cukup besar. Penelitian ini menawarkan proses baru untuk memperkirakan dan mengendalikan penetrasi pengelasan dalam pengelasan pipa paduan aluminum. Penetrasi las diperkirakan dengan menggunakan metode perkiraan secara hibrida yaitu dengan mengombinasikan simulasi pengelasan dan pengamatan visual menggunakan sensor vision. Dari hasil eksperimen didapatkan bahwa sistem pengendalian cukup efektif untuk mendeteksi kolam las (molten pool) dan menghasilkan pengelasan yang baik.

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This research has developed an automatic welding system Tungsten Inert Gas (TIG) using sensor vision on aluminum pipe welding. This research studied the process of intelligent welding of alloy pipe aluminum 6063S-T5 in a fixed position with a welding torch to move and use the AC welding machines. The neural network model to control the speed of the welding has been developed in order to work automatically. The neural network train need quite a lot of data from studies that require time and substansial funds. This research offers a new process for estimating and controlling welding penetration in welding of aluminum alloy pipe. Weld penetration was estimated by using the approximate hybrid method that combines the simulations of welding and visual inspection using sensor vision. The experiment results that the control system is effective enough to detect the molten pool and produce a good weld."

"Torch brazing is one method of brazing based on using a heat source for joining metals. This method is classified as a liquid-solid state thermochemical process and is generally used in joining pipes. This process heats the brazing filler metal until it reaches the melting point without exceeding the melting point of the base metals to be joined. After cooling, the filler metal grants a strong joining capacity to the base metal. Depending on the amount of pressure and the length of lap joint in the brazing process the quality of the joint will be affected. This research will investigate the effect of pressure and the length of the lap joint on the material strength properties of BJ DD2 steel and C12000 copper. An optimal configuration between pressure and the length of lap joint will be determined from the result of shear load and joint clearance, which are the factors that affect joint strength and the process of brazing. The greater the shear load and the smaller the joint clearance, the higher the joint strength will be. The result shows that the pressure has a larger effect than the length of the lap joint for dissimilar metal joining using torch brazing."

"manufacturing information system for the production of a tote box on the mechanical system of gamma irradiators 300 kCi facilities has been completed. Some factors that can support the successful development of the manufacturing industry are increasing mastery of technology, supported by the implementation of the management system of manufacturing, and precise manufacturing systems. Manufacturing activities to produce a tote box contain some of the information required by management. To get this information with conventional information systems take a long time. Some of the manufacturing processes for the production of a tote box include cutting, boring, machining, welding, bending, and assembling, supported by means of raw material inventory. Every part of the manufacturing process has some data that can be used as a source of information. This data includes information from the manufacturing process and a supply of raw materials into inputs for the manufacture of information systems with computer network systems. Input from the manufacturing process can be collected at any time with the help of the Microsoft Access software. Information systems for the production of tote boxes in this paper can specify the amount of production for one month for every part of the manufacturing process data and supply data of raw materials. With the creation of manufacturing information systems for tote box manufacturing production for gamma irradiators 300 kCi, the manufacturing information can be a source of accurate information so that management can more quickly determine the progress of the manufacturing process and be faster in making decisions, such as ordering the raw material, inspecting if production bottleneck occurs, etc."

"Resistance spot welding (RSW) is widely used in industries such as the aerospace, automotive, and electrical application industries. RSW is very useful for joining aluminum and its welding parameters lead to good quality joints. This research studied the influence of the welding parameters, such as welding current, welding time, and the electrode force, of micro resistance spot welding (MRSW) on the mechanical properties and fracture of a nugget of aluminum alloy (AA) 1100. AA 1100 plate with a thickness of 0.4 mm was used in this experiment. An alternating current (AC) RSW machine and electrode were used in this study. The welding parameters used in this study are welding current, welding time, and electrode force. Holding time is assumed to be constant. The welding time values of 6 CT, 8 CT, and 10 CT were combined with a welding current of 8 kV, and electrode forces of 32 kg, 42 kg, and 52 kg. The results showed that by increasing the electrode force, the load rate decreases, and the elongation distance tends to decrease, except for the electrode force of 52 Kg. The effect of the electrode force on the diameter and thickness of the weld nugget was not significant."

"This paper proposes a study on the comparison of particle swarm optimization with genetic algorithm for molten pool detection in fixed aluminum pipe welding. The research was conducted for welding of aluminum alloy Al6063S-T6 with a controlled welding speed and a Charge-couple Device (CCD) camera as vision sensor. Omnivision-based monitoring using a hyperboloidal mirror was used to detect the molten pool. In this paper, we propose an optimized brightness range for detecting the molten pool edge using particle swarm optimization and compare the results to genetic algorithm. The values of the brightness range were applied to the real time control system using fuzzy inference system. Both optimization methods showed good results on the edge detection of the molten pool. The results of experiments with control show the effectiveness of the image processing algorithm and control process. "