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"Jakarta, dengan kondisi lalu lintas yang tidak dapat diprediksi mengakibatkan travel lime untuk jarak tempuh yang sama dapat berbeda-beda selama 1 hari. Selain dari waktu tempuh, permintaan atau demand pada sistem transportasi permintaan juga bervariasi. Permintaan akan mencapai puncaknya pada pagi hari dan sore hari. Pada kondisi ini sering kali perusahaan menambah bus, walaupun pada kenyataannya armada yang ada masih mampu untuk melayani permintaan yang ada.Oleh karena itu, diperlukan suatu strategi dalam pengoperasian sistem angkutan umum yang cepat dan tepal waktu, selain mempertimbangkan demand juga mempertimbangkan variasi waktu tempuh, selama operasi. Dengan mengevaluasi waktu tempuh. dapat diprediksi ketersediaan armada untuk melakukan perjalanan selanjutnya. Selain itu harus dipeitimbangkan demand alau variasi jumlah penumpang sehingga bus yang beroperasi tidak merugi karena tertutupinya Biaya Operasi Kendaraan (BOKl. Dari kedua variabel ini diharapkan akan menghasilkan suatu selang waktu keberangkatan headway yang optimum. Dari data-data yang ada, analisa-analisa yang dilakukan adalah analisa terhadap variasi jumlah penumpang, Biaya operasi kendaraan, dan travel time.Dari ketiga hasil analisa tersebut, digabungkan menjadi satu sebagai dasar penentuan headway optimum. Untuk mempermudah dalam analisa digunakan pendekatan statistik (frekuensi distribusi), software HDM-VOC dan fungsi logika pada software Microsoft Excel untuk menetukan headway optimum tersebut. Pada kasus bus TransBintaro dengan kondisi demand eksisting, headway yang ada saat ini sudah optimum. Karena dari data setiap perjalanan bus yang dilakukan dapat menutupi biaya operasi kendaraan tersebut. Dalam memenuhi demand yang ada, dari hasil analisa travel lime armada yang disediakan cukup 6 bus saja sedangkan saat ini ada 7 buah bus."

"Indonesia is one of the largest economics compared to others in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN), with a population of 240 million in 2016. Most of the country’s economic and service-related activities are located on the island of Java, which is home to 50% of the population. A good and reliable transport infrastructure is therefore critical to ensuring that the movement of both passengers and goods is efficient, fast, reliable, and safe. The Indonesian government has initiated a High-Speed Train (HST) service to connect Jakarta and Surabaya, two big cities in the west and east of Java, respectively, in order to improve mobility and connectivity on Java. The first phase of the HST project is planned to connect Jakarta and Bandung. This study aims to understand the travel characteristics of potential HST passengers, which is important for predicting demand for the HST. The study conducts roadside interviews using a stated preference methodology for several passenger transport modes serving the Jakarta–Bandung route, namely the private car, 10-seater bus (shuttle), coach, and conventional rail. The survey asks respondents about their potential for shifting from their current transit mode to HST. The HST stations will be located in Halim (Jakarta) and Gedebage (Bandung). The study finds that most of the respondents have good economic welfare. A total of 64% of the respondents agreed that they would pay an HST ticket price of between 200,000 and 300,000 rupiahs to save 90 minutes’ travel time. Furthermore, the average amount paid to use a passenger car on the same trip is 200,000 rupiahs, which is slightly higher than the amount paid by a train passenger (Rp. 150,000). This finding demonstrates that the passenger traffic vehicle capitulates the benefit of choosing HST in comparison with the existing transport modes. It should also be noted that there is greater uncertainty with regard to traffic conditions for road traffic in comparison to that faced by railway passengers. In more detail, a sensitivity analysis indicates that passengers traveling from Jakarta could be more easily shifted to the HST than could passengers traveling from Bandung. The fact that those in Jakarta indicate a greater preference to shift to a faster transport mode than those in Bandung indicates that people in Jakarta place a higher value on time. This information is also useful for operational policy, including ticket price differentiation based on travel time period and travel origin–destination."