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"SARS-CoV-2 adalah infeksi saluran pernafasan akut yang disebabkan oleh virus corona. Infeksi akut SARS-CoV-2 akan memulai respons imun seluler dan humoral, yang pada akhirnya akan menghasilkan produksi antibodi. Dalam kasus yang parah ini, tidak ada terapi khusus yang efektif, terutama untuk kasus yang parah, karena pasien dalam masa pemulihan menghasilkan antibodi dan antibodi ini digunakan untuk imunoterapi. Serum imun kasar mengandung beberapa protein, beberapa di antaranya mungkin berbahaya bagi pasien, seperti protein peradangan (IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, dll) sehingga fraksi antibodi akan lebih aman dibandingkan serum konvalesen. Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk memisahkan IgG total semurni mungkin dari serum konvalesen. Untuk tujuan ini, dilakukan serangkaian metode pemisahan dan pemurnian protein seperti salting- out, kromatografi penyaringan molekul, kromatografi penukar ion, dan kromatografi afinitas. Selain itu, selektivitas protein dipantau dengan elektroforesis gel poliakrilamida. Konsentrasi protein fraksi antibodi dihitung menurut metode Warburg-Christian, dan Imunodiffusi Radial untuk menentukan konsentrasi IgG. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa IgG total dari serum konvalesen pasien pasca COVID-19 telah berhasil dimurnikan.

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SARS-CoV-2 is an acute respiratory infection caused by the coronavirus. Acute SARS-CoV-2 infection will initiate a cellular and humoral immune response, eventually expressing antibody production. In this severe case, there was no specific effective therapy, especially for severe years cases, as the convalescent patient produces antibodies. This substance is used for immunotherapy. Crude immune serum contains several proteins, some of which may be harmful to the patient, like values of inflammation proteins (IL-1, IL-2, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, etc.). The antibody fractions will be safer than the total convalescent serum. The study aims to separate total IgG as pure as possible from convalescent serum. For this purpose, a series of protein separation and purification methods were used, such as salting out, molecular screening chromatography, ion exchange chromatography, and affinity chromatography. Furthermore, protein selectivity could be monitored by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. The protein concentration of antibody fractions was calculated according to the Warburg-Christian, and Radial Immunodiffusion determined the IgG concentration. The results showed that total IgG from convalescent serum post-COVID-19 patients had been purified."

"Kitin dan kitosan memiliki gugus amina yang bermuatan positif pada rantai sampingnya. Kesamaan struktur kitin dan kitosan dengan DEAE selulosa membuat kedua polimer tersebut berpotensi digunakan sebagai matriks penukar ion untuk fraksinasi protein. Hasil fraksinasi serum dengan matriks kitin dan kitosan dibandingkan dengan hasil fraksinasi dengan matriks  DEAE selulosa. Serum darah sapi diifraksinasi dengan kromatografi kolom dnegan matriks kitin kitosan dan DEAE selulosa dengan fase gerak PBS Ph 7,4, bufer fosfat Ph 6,5 Dan dapar Tris Ph 8,5. Fraksi IgG diuji dengan elektroforesis selulosa asetat, elektroforesis gel poliakrilamida dan imunodifusi radial. fraksinasi degan matriks kitin dan kitosan menunjukkan pola yang sama dengan matriks DEAE selulosa. Hasil elektroforesis gel poliakrilamid menunjukkan adanya pita IgG pada fraksi kitin, kitosan dan DEAE selulosa dengan fase gerak PBS pH 7,4 dan dapar fosfat pH 6,5. Namun hasil fraksinasi dengan dapar tris pH 8,5 tidak menunjukkan adanya pita IgG. Hasil uji dengan imunodifusi radial menunjukkan adanya IgG dengan konsentrasi terbanyak pada fraksi kitosan dengan fase gerak PBS pH 7,4. Kitin dan kitosan berpotensi digunakan sebagai Matriks penukar ion untuk fraksinasi protein serum darah sapi. Fraksi terbaik adalah fraksi kitosan degan fase gerak PBS pH 7,4.

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Chitin and chitosan are polymers that naturally have N group on the side chain. The similarity structure between chitin, chitosan and DEAE-cellulose make the two polymer potentially used as ion-exchange matrix to fractionation of blood serum. Bovine serum was fractionated by column chromatography with chitin chitosan matrix and DEAE-cellulose with PBS pH 7.4, Phosphate buffer with pH 6.5 and tris buffer pH 8.5. The IgG fraction was tested by cellulose acetate electrophoresis, polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and radial immunodiffusion.the results of fractionation using chitin and chitosan matrix showed the same pattern as DEAE-cellulose matrix. The results of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis showed the presence of IgG bands in the chitin, chitosan and DEAE-cellulose fractions with PBS mobile phase pH 7.4 and phosphate buffer pH 6.5. However, the results of fractionation with tris buffer pH 8.5 did not show any IgG bands. The test results with radial immunodiffusion showed the presence of IgG with the highest concentration in the chitosan fraction with PBS mobile phase pH 7.4. Chitin and chitosan have potential as ion exchange matrix for protein fractionation of bovine serum. chitosan matrix with PBS pH 7.4 mobile phase show the best fraction."

"Antibodi yang diproduksi oleh sel plasma sebagai respon terhadap vaksin COVID-19 terdiri dari antibodi netralisasi dan antibodi non-netralisasi. Antibodi netralisasi penting untuk perlindungan terhadap infeksi SARS-CoV-2. Standar baku untuk mengukur tingkat antibodi netralisasi melalui uji Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT) yang membutuhkan patogen hidup dan fasilitas Biosafety Level 3 (BSL3). Metode lain yang mudah dilakukan untuk mengukur IgG Anti-S1 RBD ataupun total antibodi representasi netralisasi melalui uji ELISA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan titer IgG Anti-S1 RBD dengan total antibodi representasi SARS-CoV-2 pada subjek yang divaksinasi serta kaitannya dengan umur dan jenis kelamin. Titer IgG Anti-S1 RBD ditentukan menggunakan ujiindirect ELISA. Pengukuran persen inhibisi dari antibodi netralisasi menggunakan metode sVNT. Studi cross-sectional dilakukan pada 20 sampel plasma yang diimunisasi dengan seri primer CoronaVac dan 36 sampel plasma pasca-vaksinasi booster (dosis ketiga) dengan mRNA-1273. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan titer IgG Anti-S1 RBD dan total antibodi representasi netralisasi pada pria dan wanita maupun pada kelompok usia. Sementara itu, didapatkan korelasi kuat antara IgG Anti-S1 RBD dan total antibodi representasi netralisasipada kelompok sampel yang menerima vaksin inaktif (r = 0,720, p-value <0,0001) maupun pada kelompok subjek booster mRNA (r = 0,821, p-value < 0,0001).

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Antibodies produced by plasma cells in response to the COVID-19 vaccine consist of neutralizing antibodies and non-neutralizing antibodies. Neutralizing antibodies are important for protection against the SARS-CoV-2 infection. The standard for measuring the level of neutralizing antibodies is the Plaque Reduction Neutralization Test (PRNT), which requires live pathogens and Biosafety Level 3 (BSL3) facilities. Another easy method to measure IgG Anti-S1 RBD or total surrogate neutralizing via ELISA. This study aims to determine the relationship between anti-S1 RBD IgG titer and total surrogate neutralizing antibody in vaccinated subjects, as well as its relationship with age and gender. Anti-S1 RBD IgG titer were determined using an indirect ELISA assay. Measurement of percent inhibition of neutralizing antibodies using the sVNT method. A cross-sectional study was conducted on 20 plasma samples immunized with the CoronaVac primer series and 36 post-vaccination booster (third dose) plasma samples with mRNA-1273. The results of this study showed no difference in anti-S1 RBD IgG titer and total surrogate neutralizing antibody between men and women or in age groups. Meanwhile, a strong correlation was found between Anti-S1 RBD IgG titer and total surrogate neutralizing antibody in the sample group that received the inactivated vaccine (r = 0.720, p-value <0.0001) and also in the mRNA booster subject group (r = 0.821, p-value < 0.0001)."

"Latar belakang : Pruritus kronis adalah sensasi tidak menyenangkan yang mencetuskan keinginan untuk menggaruk, berlangsung enam minggu atau lebih. Pruritus sering dihubungkan dengan sejumlah kelainan sistemik. Salah satu kelainan sistemik tersering yang disertai pruritus kronis adalah kelainan hati hepatobilier kolestasis. Patofisiologi terjadinya pruritus kolestasis dihubungkan dengan peningkatan akumulasi mediator pruritogenik salah satunya yaitu asam empedu serum total (AEST) di darah perifer begitu juga di jaringan lunak termasuk kulit, yang secara normal diekskresikan ke empedu. Masih sedikit yang mengetahui kemungkinan peran peningkatan kadar AEST dengan kejadian pruritus. Tujuan : mengetahui perbedaan rerata kadar AEST pada pasien geriatri tanpa dermatosis primer yang mengalami pruritus kronis dan tanpa pruritus kronis Metode : penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang, dengan subyek penelitian sejumlah 80 orang, terdiri atas perempuan dan laki-laki usia ≥ 60 tahun. Subyek penelitian dibagi menjadi dua kelompok, yaitu kelompok pruritus terdiri atas 40 pasien pruritus kronis, dan kelompok kontrol yang terdiri atas 40 pasien tanpa pruritus kronis. Kadar AEST dinilai menggunakan metode enzimatik kolorimetri, kemudian dianalisis perbedaan kadar AEST antar kedua kelompok. Hasil: kadar AEST pada kelompok pruritus didapatkan median 4,5 μmol/L, dengan nilai minimum-maksimum yaitu 3-51 μmol/L. Kadar AEST pada kelompok non-pruritus didapatkan median empat μmol/L, dengan nilai minimum-maksimum 3-22 μmol/L, perbedaan ini tidak bermakna (p = 0,095). Kesimpulan: Kadar AEST pada kelompok pruritus lebih tinggi dibandingkan kelompok non-pruritus, namun tidak bermakna secara statistik.

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Background : Chronic pruritus is defined as an unpleasant sensation of the skin leading to the desire to scratch, which lasting six weeks or more. Pruritus is associated with numerous systemic disorders, and it is a common symptom of any cholestatic hepatobiliary disease. Its pathophysiology is attributed to progressive accumulation of pruritogenic mediators such as bile acid in the peripheral blood as well as in soft tissues including the skin, which are normally excreted into the bile. Little is known about the potential contribution of elevated total serum bile acids (TSBA) levels to pruritus.

Objective : to differentiate TSBA levels in geriatrics patients with chronic pruritus and without chronic pruritus.

Methods : this is a cross-sectional study comprising 80 patients men and women aged ≥ 60 years old, consist of 40 patients in chronic pruritic group, and 40 patients in non-pruritic group. The serum levels of bile acid were measured by enzymatic colorimetric methods, and the level TSBA were analyzed from the two groups.

Results : TSBA levels were detected higher in chronic pruritic group patients (median 4,5 μmol/L, minimum-maximum range 3-51 μmol/L), than in the non-pruritic group (median 4 μmol/L, range 3-22 μmol/L), the difference was insignificant (p = 0,095).

Conclusions : the serum bile acid levels are elevated in chronic pruritic patients but statistically insignificant."

"ABSTRAK Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui daya tahan pemelihara lebah di PUSBAHNAS Perum Perhutani, Parung Panjang, Bogor-Jawa Barat. Sampel diperoleh dan 12 orang pemelihara lebah dan 11 orang bukan pemelihara lebah. Analisis kadar IqE total dan kadar IgE spesif 1kterhadap bisa lebah madu (Apis mellif era) dilakukan dengan teknik ELISA, dan analisis kadar IgG total dilakukan dengan teknik RID. Hasil uji statistik non parametrik Mann-Whitney menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan rata-rata kadar IgE dan IgG pada pemeltharalebah. Rata-rata kadar IgE total pada pemelihara lebah lebih tinggi (1046,3 kU/l) dari bukan pemelihara lebah (957 kU/l). Rata-rata kadar IgG total pada pemelihara lebah lebih rendah (13,23 g/l) dari bukan pemelihara lebah (15,99 g/l). Rata-rata kadar IgE spesifik terhadapbisa lebah madu (Apis mellifera) pada pemelihara lebah lebih rendah (1,59 PRU/ml) dari bukan pemelihara lebah (1,64 PRU/ml). Uji korelasi Spearman menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat korelasi antara kadar IgE total, kadar IgG total, kadar IgE spesifik dan jumlah sengatanper bulan pada pemelihara lebah."

"Latar Belakang : Prevalensi ansietas dan depresi serta faktor risiko pada penyintas COVID-19 di seluruh dunia dan Indonesia masih tinggi dan berbeda beda dari setiap negara. Di Indonesia faktor risiko ansietas dan depresi belum pernah diteliti. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menentukan prevalensi dan faktor risiko gejala ansietas dan depresi pasca rawat inap COVID-19 di rumah sakit Cipto Mangunkusumo.Metode : Desain penelitian ini adalah Kohort retrospektif. Subjek penelitian diambil dari pasien pasca perawatan inap COVID-19 pada periode Januari 2022 sampai Maret 2023. Gejala ansietas dan depresi dinilai menggunakan Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale. Analisa bivariat digunakan menentukan faktor risiko dari variabel kategorik dan dilanjutkan ke analisa multivariat regresi logistik sampai didapatkan nilai P: 0,05.Hasil : Terdapat 209 subjek yang dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini dengan prevalensi gejala ansietas 20,57% dan gejala depresi 13,40%. Faktor risiko gejala ansietas adalah wanita RR (IK95%) 1,805 (1,017 – 3,204), p=0,043, Dukungan sosial sedang dan rendah dengan RR (IK95%) 1,935 (1,028 – 3,643), p=0,041 untuk dukungan sosial sedang dan RR (IK95%) 3,325 (1,314 – 8,411), p=0,011 untuk dukungan sosial rendah, Komorbid dengan RR (IK95%) 1,742 (1,019 – 2,977), p=0,042, Anosmia atau hipogeusia dengan RR (IK95%) 1,894 (1,045 – 3,433), p=0,035, gejala menetap pasca COVID-19 dengan nilai RR (IK95%) 2,885 (1,553 – 5,359), p=0,001. Faktor risiko gejala depresi adalah gejala menetap pasca COVID-19 RR (IK95%) 2,738 (1,300 – 5,770), p=0,008, kedia adalah aktifitas fisik ringan RR (IK95%) 6,556 (1,577 - 27,244), p=0,010.Kesimpulan : Faktor risiko gejala ansietas pasca perawatan COVID-19 yang bermakna adalah wanita, dukungan sosial, komorbid, anosmia atau hipogeusia, gejala menetap sedangkan faktor risiko gejala depresi adalah gejala menetap pasca COVID-19 dan aktifitas fisik ringan.

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Background: The prevalence of anxiety and depression, as well as risk factors for COVID-19 survivors worldwide and in Indonesia, is still high and varies from country to country. In Indonesia, the risk factors for anxiety and depression have not been studied. This study was conducted to determine the prevalence and risk factors for symptoms of anxiety and depression after hospitalization for COVID-19 at Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital.

Methods: The study design was a retrospective cohort. The study subjects were taken from post-hospitalized COVID-19 patients from January 2022 to March 2023. Symptoms of anxiety and depression were assessed using the Hospital Anxiety Depression Scale. Bivariate analysis was used to determine risk factors from categorical variables and proceeded to multivariate logistic regression analysis until a P value of 0.05 was obtained.

Results: There were 209 subjects involved in this study, with a prevalence of 20.57% anxiety symptoms and 13.40% depressive symptoms. Risk factors for anxiety symptoms are women RR (95% CI) 1.805 (1.017 – 3.204), P=0.043, Medium and low social support with RR (95% CI) 1.935 (1.028 – 3.643), P=0.041 for moderate social support, RR (95% CI 3.325 (1.314 – 8.411), P=0.011 for low social support, Comorbid with RR (95% CI) 1.742 (1.019 – 2.977), P=0.042, Anosmia or hypogeusia with RR (95% CI) 1.894 (1.045 – 3.433 ), P=0.035, persistent symptoms after COVID-19 with a RR (95% CI) 2.885 (1.553 – 5.359), P=0.001. Risk factors for depressive symptoms are persistent symptoms after COVID-19, RR (95% CI) 2.738 (1.300 – 5.770), P=0.008, lastly light physical activity RR (95% CI) 6.556 (1.577 - 27.244), P=0.010.

Conclusion: Significant risk factors for anxiety symptoms post hospitalization for COVID-19 are women, social support, comorbidities, anosmia or hypogeusia, and persistent symptoms, while risk factors for depressive symptoms are persistent symptoms after COVID-19 and light physical activity"

"Telah dilakukan penelitian untuk mengetahui konsentrasi antibodi imunoglobulin G (IgG) terhadap polisakarida dari bakteri Streptococcus pneumoniae serotipe 14 dan 19F dalam serum anak yang terinfeksi HIV. Perlakuan yang diberikan dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu sebelum divaksin dan setelah divaksin dengan vaksin PCV7. Kedua perlakuan terdiri atas 20 sampel serum sebelum divaksin (hari ke-0) dan 20 sampel serum setelah divaksin (bulan ke-6 setelah vaksinasi). Vaksinasi diberikan kepada anak-anak berusia 2--5 tahun. Hasil uji t (P < 0,05), menunjukkan bahwa ada perbedaan konsentrasi antibodi IgG yang signifikan setelah divaksinasi dengan vaksin PCV7 untuk serotipe 19F dan serotipe 14. Serum yang memiliki konsentrasi antibodi IgG > 0,2 µg/ml setelah divaksinasi sebanyak 100% untuk kedua serotipe. Penggunaan glikonanopertikel tidak memberikan hasil yang berbeda signifikan dibandingkan dengan penggunaan polisakarida dan sel sebagai antigen target pada metode indirect ELISA dalam deteksi antibodi anti-pneumokokus setelah divaksinasi dengan PCV7.

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The research to observe concentration of immunoglobulinG (IgG) to capsular polysaccharide of Streptococcus pneumoniae serotype 14 and 19F in human serum has been done. Fourty samples were divided into 20 samples of pre-vaccination sample and 20 samples of post-vaccination with PCV7 vaccine. Vaccination was given to children 2--5 of age old. We investigated that there was significant (P < 0,05) difference of IgG concentration of serum sampel against capsular polysaccharide serotype 19F and serotype 14 between before and after PCV7 vaccination. Serum with IgG concentration above 0,2 µg/ml after vaccination are 100% for both serotype. We also investigated there was no significant difference between glyconanoparticle, polysaccharide, and bacterial cell as a coating material in indirect ELISA method to detect anti-pneumococcal antibody after PCV7 vaccination."

"Latar belakang: Aspergillus adalah jamur saprofit di alam dan mudah terhirup ke dalam saluran napas. Pada pasien dengan gangguan sistem imun, Aspergillus dapat menimbulkan gangguan kesehatan, termasuk penyakit aspergilosis paru invasif (API). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) adalah penyebab COVID-19 yang dapat mengganggu imunitas lokal saluran napas. Kondisi tersebut memudahkan Aspergillus melakukan invasi ke jaringan paru dan menyebabkan COVID- 19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA). Deteksi galaktomanan (GM) serum dapat membantu diagnosis CAPA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan GM serum pasien COVID-19 dengan kejadian CAPA. Metode: Penelitian potong lintang ini dilaksanakan pada Agustus 2022-Juni 2023. Data GM serum diperoleh dari Laboratorium Parasitologi Klinik FKUI, sedangkan data klinis dan radiologis pasien COVID-19 diperoleh dari salah satu rumah sakit swasta di Jakarta. Analisis statistik dilakukan untuk mencari hubungan GM serum dengan diagnosis CAPA. Hasil: Proporsi hasil GM serum positif didapatkan pada 24 (43,6%) dari 55 pasien COVID-19 yang diteliti. Dari 22 pasien probable CAPA, penyakit penyerta terbanyak adalah hipertensi (51,7%), diikuti IMT overweight (77,27%). Gejala klinis terbanyak adalah batuk (95,45%), demam (86,36%) dan sesak napas (68,18%). Faktor risiko CAPA belum dapat ditentukan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil GM serum tidak menunjukkan hubungan secara statistik dengan kejadian CAPA. Kesimpulan: Deteksi GM serum pada 55 pasien COVID-19 menunjukkan hasil positif 43,6%. Pada penelitian ini tidak ditemukan hubungan antara GM serum dengan kejadian CAPA.

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Background: Aspergillus, a ubiquitous saprophytic fungus, is easily inhaled into the respiratory tract. In patients with impaired immune systems, Aspergillus can cause health disorders, including invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the cause of COVID-19, which can disrupt local airway immunity. These conditions make Aspergillus easier to invade lung tissue and cause COVID-19-associated pulmonary aspergillosis (CAPA). Serum galactomannan (GM) detection can support the diagnosis of CAPA. This study aimed to determine the relationship between the serum GM of COVID-19 patients and the diagnosis of CAPA. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in August 2022-June 2023. Serum GM data were obtained from the Clinical Parasitology Laboratory FMUI, while clinical and radiological data of COVID-19 patients were obtained from a private hospital in Jakarta. Statistical analysis was conducted to determine the relationship between serum GM and CAPA diagnosis. Results: The proportion of positive serum GM results was found in 24 (43.6%) of the 55 COVID-19 patients studied. Furthermore, of the 22 probable CAPA patients, the most comorbid disease were hypertension (51.7%), followed by overweight BMI (77.27%). The most clinical symptoms were cough (95.45%), fever (86.36%) and shortness of breath (68.18%). The risk factors of CAPA could not be determined in this study. Serum GM results showed no statistical association with the incidence of CAPA. Conclusion: Detection of serum GM in 55 COVID-19 patients showed a positive result of 43.6%. There was no association between serum GM and CAPA events in this study."

"Alergen menyebabkan penyakit alergi,. Alergen yang terpenting ialah tungau Dermatophag oides pteronyssinus. Masalah dalam penelitian ini ialah adanya penemuan bahwa kadar igE total dan IgG- total yang kontroversial, pada penderita alergi atopik dan orang yang tidak menderita alergi. Tujuan penelitian ini ialah untuk meneliti kadar IgE total dan IgG total penderita asma bronkial dan/atau rinitis atopik yang rentan terhadap D. pteronyssinxis, dan belum mendapat pengobatan secara disensibilisasi. Penentuan kadiar IgE total dilakukan dengan teknik ELISA ("Enzyme Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay"), dan IgG total dengan teknik RID ("Radial Immuno Diffusion"). Dari u^i Mann-Whitney pada "

"[ABSTRAKToxoplasma gondii merupakan protozoa intraselular obligat yang tersebar di seluruh dunia. Infeksi yang diakibatkannya disebut toksoplasmosis, dan diperkirakan sekitar sepertiga populasi dunia terinfeksi T. gondii. Toksoplasmosis akan menjadi masalah bahkan dapat mengancam jiwa bila infeksi terjadi pada orang imunokompromi. Ensefalitis toksoplasma (ET) terjadi akibat reaktivasi infeksi laten T. gondii, dan merupakan masalah yang sering terjadi pada pasien AIDS, terutama pada stadium akhir.Untuk menegakkan diagnosis pasti penyebab kelainan SSP pada pasien AIDS sangatlah sulit, karena banyaknya kemungkinan penyebab infeksi lain seperti bakteri, virus, dan jamur. Diagnosis ET ditegakkan hanya berdasarkan asumsi dari gejala klinis, gambaran radiologi, dan respons terhadap terapi yang diberikan. Pemeriksaan kadar IgG anti-Toxoplasma pada cairan organ yang terinfeksi T. gondii jarang dilakukan. Selama ini studi-studi lebih banyak yang memeriksa kadar IgG anti-Toxoplasma pada serum. Oleh karena masih jarangnya penelitian yang menggunakan CSS untuk penegakan diagnosis ET dan untuk mengetahui apakah kadar IgG anti-Toxoplasma pada CSS bermakna dalam menegakkan diagnosis ET, maka penelitian mengenai hal tersebut dilakukan pada pasien HIV & AIDS dengan dugaan meningitis.Dari 50 sampel CSS pasien AIDS yang dikirim ke Laboratorium Parasitologi FKUI, 24 (48%) positif dan 26 (52%) negatif IgG anti-Toxoplasma. Dari IgG positif, 5 (20,83%) kadar tinggi, dan 19 (79,17%) kadar rendah. Tidak ada perbedaan bermakna antara kadar IgG anti-Toxoplasma dengan hasil pencitraan maupun diagnosis klinis ET. Tidak ada hubungan antara kadar IgG anti-Toxoplasma dengan riwayat terapi profilaksis ko-trimoksazol.

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ABSTRACTToxoplasma gondii is obligate intracellular parasite that spread over the world. Toxoplasmosis, infection of this parasite, infected over one third world population. Toxoplasmosis become problem and life threatening in immunocompromised patients. Toxoplasma encephalitis (TE) is reactivation of latent infection of T. gondii, and usually manifest in severe stage of AIDS.Diagnosis of central nervous system infection in AIDS is very difficult, because many possibilities of infection that caused by bacteri, virus, and fungi. TE is only diagnosed by asumption of clinical signs, radiology, and therapeutic respons. The examination of IgG anti-Toxoplasma in organ fluid was rare. Because of this reason and to answer, is IgG anti-Toxoplasma in cerebro spinal fluid has important meaning for diagnosing TE, this study was done in HIV infection & AIDS patients with meningitis.From 50 LCS of AIDS patients that sent to Parasitology Laboratorium FKUI, 24 (48%) were positive, and 26 (52%) were negative of IgG anti-Toxoplasma. From IgG positive samples, 5 (20,83%) were high, and 19 (79,17%) were in low level. There is no difference between IgG anti-Toxoplasma level with radiology appearence, and with clinical diagnose for TE. No difference between IgG anti-Toxoplasma level with history of cotrimoxazole as prophylaxis therapy.;Toxoplasma gondii is obligate intracellular parasite that spread over the world. Toxoplasmosis, infection of this parasite, infected over one third world population. Toxoplasmosis become problem and life threatening in immunocompromised patients. Toxoplasma encephalitis (TE) is reactivation of latent infection of T. gondii, and usually manifest in severe stage of AIDS.Diagnosis of central nervous system infection in AIDS is very difficult, because many possibilities of infection that caused by bacteri, virus, and fungi. TE is only diagnosed by asumption of clinical signs, radiology, and therapeutic respons. The examination of IgG anti-Toxoplasma in organ fluid was rare. Because of this reason and to answer, is IgG anti-Toxoplasma in cerebro spinal fluid has important meaning for diagnosing TE, this study was done in HIV infection & AIDS patients with meningitis.From 50 LCS of AIDS patients that sent to Parasitology Laboratorium FKUI, 24 (48%) were positive, and 26 (52%) were negative of IgG anti-Toxoplasma. From IgG positive samples, 5 (20,83%) were high, and 19 (79,17%) were in low level. There is no difference between IgG anti-Toxoplasma level with radiology appearence, and with clinical diagnose for TE. No difference between IgG anti-Toxoplasma level with history of cotrimoxazole as prophylaxis therapy., Toxoplasma gondii is obligate intracellular parasite that spread over the world. Toxoplasmosis, infection of this parasite, infected over one third world population. Toxoplasmosis become problem and life threatening in immunocompromised patients. Toxoplasma encephalitis (TE) is reactivation of latent infection of T. gondii, and usually manifest in severe stage of AIDS.Diagnosis of central nervous system infection in AIDS is very difficult, because many possibilities of infection that caused by bacteri, virus, and fungi. TE is only diagnosed by asumption of clinical signs, radiology, and therapeutic respons. The examination of IgG anti-Toxoplasma in organ fluid was rare. Because of this reason and to answer, is IgG anti-Toxoplasma in cerebro spinal fluid has important meaning for diagnosing TE, this study was done in HIV infection & AIDS patients with meningitis.From 50 LCS of AIDS patients that sent to Parasitology Laboratorium FKUI, 24 (48%) were positive, and 26 (52%) were negative of IgG anti-Toxoplasma. From IgG positive samples, 5 (20,83%) were high, and 19 (79,17%) were in low level. There is no difference between IgG anti-Toxoplasma level with radiology appearence, and with clinical diagnose for TE. No difference between IgG anti-Toxoplasma level with history of cotrimoxazole as prophylaxis therapy.]"