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"Peningkatan jumlah limbah plastik yang dibuang ke Situ Rawa Besar mengancam habitat ikan cere. Limbah plastik akan terdegradasi menjadi partikel kecil yang disebut dengan mikroplastik. Mikroplastik dapat terkonsumsi oleh ikan cere karena ukurannya yang mirip dengan sumber makanannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui adanya keberadaan mikroplastik dan menganalisis berbagai macam bentuk mikroplastik pada air, sedimen dan ikan cere Gambusia affinis (Baird & Girard, 1853) di Situ Rawa Besar pada musim kemarau 2022 dan musim hujan 2023. Seluruh sampel diambil di 3 stasiun yaitu inlet, midlet, dan outlet. Sampel air 20 L disaring menggunakan plankton net 350 mesh, sampel sedimen diambil 250 mL menggunakan Ekman grab, ikan cere diambil secara acak menggunakan dip net sebanyak 15 individu. Sampel ikan diawetkan dengan alkohol 70% dan diekstraksi menggunakan 5mL HNO3 1 M. Sedimen dikeringkan pada oven 65C dan dihaluskan. Seluruh sampel dilarutkan dengan NaCl jenuh. Larutan dihomogenisasi sebanyak 20 mL dan 1 mL diteteskan pada Sedgewick Rafter Chamber untuk diamati di bawah mikroskop cahaya. Hasil pengamatan pada musim kemarau 2022 menunjukkan total rata-rata kelimpahan mikroplastik pada air sejumlah 46,33 ± 4,67 partikel L-1, pada sedimen sejumlah 31.777,78 ± 16.344,67 partikel kg-1, pada ikan cere sejumlah 291,11 ± 73,10 partikel ind-1 atau 93,52 ± 14,33 partikel cm-1. Sementara itu, pada musim hujan 2023 menunjukkan total rata-rata kelimpahan mikroplastik pada air sejumlah 64,67 ± 8,70 partikel L-1 , pada sedimen sejumlah 34.222,22 ± 17.493,91 partikel kg-1, dan pada ikan cere sejumlah 254,00 ± 40,28 partikel ind-1 atau 89,71 ± 12,15 partikel cm-1. Hasil Uji Korelasi Spearman menunjukkan terdapat korelasi positif sangat kuat antara kelimpahan mikroplastik pada air dengan sedimen, serta antara panjang ikan cere dengan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada ikan cere. Hasil analisis Uji T Dua Sampel menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan nyata pada seluruh sampel.

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The increasing amount of plastic waste dumped into Situ Rawa Besar threatens the mosquitofish habitat. Plastic waste degrades into small particles called microplastics. Microplastics can be consumed by mosquitofish because their size is similar to that of their food source. This research aims to determine the presence of microplastics and analyze various forms of microplastics in water, sediment, and the mosquitofish Gambusia affinis (Baird & Girard, 1853) in Situ Rawa Besar during the 2022 dry season and the 2023 wet season. All samples were taken at three stations, namely inlet, midlet, and outlet. A 20 L water sample was filtered using a 350 mesh plankton net, 250 mL sediment samples were taken using an Ekman grab, and 15 mosquitofish were randomly captured using a dip net. Fish samples were preserved with 70% alcohol and extracted using 5 mL of 1 M HNO3. The sediment was dried in an oven at 65°C and ground. All samples were dissolved with saturated NaCl. The solution was homogenized to 20 mL, and 1 mL was dropped into the Sedgewick Rafter Chamber to be observed under a light microscope. The results of observations in the 2022 dry season showed that the total average abundance of microplastics in the water was 46.33 ± 4.67 particles L-1, in sediment was 31,777.78 ± 16,344.67 particles kg-1, and in mosquitofish was 291.11 ± 73.10 particles ind-1 or 93.52 ± 14.33 particles cm-1. Meanwhile, in the 2023 wet season, the total average abundance of microplastics in the water was 64.67 ± 8.70 particles L-1, in the sediment was 34,222.22 ± 17,493.91 particles kg-1, and in mosquitofish was 254.00 ± 40.28 particles ind-1 or 89.71 ± 12.15 particles cm-1. The results of the Spearman Correlation Test showed that there was a very strong positive correlation between the abundance of microplastics in water and sediment, as well as between the length of mosquitofish and the abundance of microplastics in mosquitofish. The results of the Two Sample T Test analysis show that there are no significant differences in all samples."

"Mikroplastik diketahui telah tertelan oleh berbagai taksa biota. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis kelimpahan, bentuk, dan warna mikroplastik yang terdapat pada air, sedimen, dan ikan cere Gambusia affinis di Situ Kenanga dan Situ Mahoni, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat. Seluruh sampel diambil di 3 stasiun yaitu inlet, midlet, dan outlet. Sampel air 20 L disaring menggunakan plankton net 350 mesh, sampel sedimen diambil 250 mL menggunakan Ekman grab, ikan cere diambil secara acak menggunakan dip net sebanyak 20 individu dari tiap situ. Sampel ikan diawetkan dengan alkohol 70% dan diekstraksi menggunakan 10 mL NaOH 1 M. Sedimen dikeringkan pada oven 65°C dan dihaluskan. Seluruh sampel dilarutkan dengan NaCl jenuh. Larutan dihomogenisasi sebanyak 20 mL dan 1 mL diteteskan Sedgewick Rafter Chamber untuk diamati di bawah mikroskop cahaya. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan total rata-rata kelimpahan mikroplastik di Situ Kenanga pada air sejumlah 434,33 ± 23,51 partikel L-1, pada sedimen sejumlah 45.837,04 ± 36.305,97 partikel kg-1, pada ikan cere sejumlah 287, 67 ± 95,65 partikel ind-1 atau 212,28 ± 61,88 partikel gram-1. Sementara itu, pada air di Situ Mahoni sejumlah 437,67 ± 30,21 partikel L-1, pada sedimen sejumlah 36.237,04 ± 16.702,59 partikel kg-1, dan pada ikan cere sejumlah 275 ± 95,82 partikel ind-1 atau 654,28 ± 279,71 partikel gram-1. Hasil analisis Uji T Dua Sampel menunjukkan tidak terdapat perbedaan nyata pada sampel air, sedimen, dan ikan cere (partikel ind-1), tetapi terdapat perbedaan nyata pada ikan cere (partikel g-1) dari kedua situ. Fiber dan warna hitam merupakan bentuk dan warna mikroplastik yang mendominasi keseluruhan sampel.

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Microplastics have been ingested by various biota taxa. This study was aimed to analyze the abundance, shape, and color of microplastic found in water, sediment, and mosquitofish Gambusia affinis in Situ Kenanga and Situ Mahoni, University of Indonesia, Depok, West Java. All samples were taken at 3 stations, namely inlet, midlet, and outlet. Water samples (20 L) were filtered using a 350 mesh plankton net, sediment samples (250 mL) were taken using an Ekman grab, mosquitofish were taken randomly using a dip net, and 20 individuals from each situ (total of 40 individuals). Fish samples were preserved in 70% alcohol and extracted using 10 mL of 1 M NaOH. Sediments were dried in an oven at 65°C and pulverized. All samples were dissolved with saturated NaCl. The solution (20 mL) was homogenized, then 1 mL of solution was taken to the Sedgewick Rafter Chamber and then observed under a light microscope. The results showed that the average total of microplastics in Situ Kenanga in water was 434,33 ± 23,51 L-1 particles, in sediments were 45.837,04 ± 36.305,97 kg-1 particles, and in fish were 287, 67 ± 95,65 ind-1 particles or 212,28 ± 61,88 gram-1 particles. Meanwhile, the average total of microplastics in Situ Mahoni in water were 437,67 ± 30,21 L-1 particles, in sediments were 36.237,04 ± 16.702,59 kg-1 particles, and in fish were 275 ± 95,82 ind-1 particles or 654,28 ± 279,71 gram-1 particles. The results of the Two Sample T-Test analysis showed that there was no difference in water, sediment, and mosquitofish (ind-1 particles) between the two situ, but there was a significant difference in mosquitofish (g-1 particles) from the two situ. Fiber and black were respectively the predominant shapes and colors of microplastics in all samples."

"Mikroplastik yang mencemari perairan tawar dapat mengganggu keberlangsungan hidup biota di dalamnya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis bentuk, warna, dan kelimpahan mikroplastik yang terkandung pada air, sedimen, insang, dan saluran pencernaan ikan red devil Amphilophus labiatus di Situ Kenanga dan Situ Mahoni, Universitas Indonesia, Depok, Jawa Barat. Sampel air dan sedimen di ambil pada 3 stasiun pengambilan sampel dari kedua situ. Sampel ikan red devil diperoleh 15 ekor pada masing – masing situ. Sampel insang dan saluran pencernaan dihancurkan menggunakan larutan asam nitrat (HNO3) 65%. Sampel air diambil 20 L dan disaring menggunakan plankton net. Sampel sedimen dikeringkan dalam oven sebanyak 25 gram. Larutan NaCl jenuh digunakan untuk memisahkan mikroplastik dengan pengotor. Sebanyak 1 mL sample diteteskan pada Sedgwick Rafter Chamber kemudian diamati dan dihitung berdasarkan bentuk mikroplastik di bawah mikroskop. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan kelimpahan mikroplastik bentuk fiber, fragmen, film, granula terdapat pada seluruh sampel dengan warna yang beragam. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan total kelimpahan rata – rata mikroplastik di Situ Kenanga sebanyak 434,33 ± 23,51 partikel L-1 pada air, 45.837,04 ± 36.305,97 partikel kg-1 pada sedimen, 268,33 ± 119,18 partikel gr-1 dan 1266,2 ± 349,72 partikel ind-1 pada insang, 287,79 ± 185,22 partikel gr-1 dan 978,22 ± 336,38 partikel ind-1 pada saluran pencernaan. Pada Situ Mahoni sebesar 437,67 ± 30,21 partikel L-1 pada air, 36.237,04 ± 16.702,59 partikel kg-1 pada sedimen, 429,18 ± 187,50 partikel gr-1 dan 1233,8 ± 253,60 partikel ind-1 pada insang, 318,04 ± 114,94 partikel gr-1 dan 1053,78 ± 328,44 partikel ind-1 pada saluran pencernaan.

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Microplastics that contaminate freshwater can disrupt the survival of the biota in it. This study aims to analyze the shape, color, and abundance of microplastics contained in water, sediment, gills, and digestive tract of red devil fish Amphilophus labiatus in Situ Kenanga and Situ Mahoni, University of Indonesia, Depok, West Java. Water and sediment samples were taken at 3 sampling stations from the two Situ. Samples of red devil fish were obtained 15 tails in each Situ. Samples of gills and digestive tract were destroyed using 65% nitric acid (HNO3) solution. Water samples were taken 20 L and filtered using a plankton net. Sediment samples were dried in an oven as much as 25 grams. Saturated NaCl solution was used to separate microplastics with impurities. A total of 1 mL of the sample was dropped into the Sedgwick Rafter Chamber and then observed and calculated based on the shape of the microplastic under a microscope. The results showed an abundance of microplastics in the form of fibers, fragments, films, and granules in all samples with various colors. The results showed the total average abundance of microplastics in Situ Kenanga was 434,33 ± 23,51 L-1 particles in water, 45.837,04 ± 36.305,97 particles kg-1 in sediments, 268.33 ± 119.18 particles gr-1 and 1266.2 ± 349.72 particles ind-1 in the gills, 287.79 ± 185.22 particles gr-1 and 978.22 ± 336.38 particles ind-1 in the digestive tract. At Situ Mahoni there are 437,67 ± 30,21 particles L-1 in water, 36.237,04 ± 16.702,59 particles kg-1 in sediments, 429.18 ± 187.50 particles gr-1 and 1233.8 ± 253.60 particles ind-1 on the gills, 318.04 ± 114.94 particles gr-1 and 1053.78 ± 328.44 particles ind-1 in the digestive tract.

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"Keberadaan mikroplastik di perairan dapat mengancam biota di dalamnya. Penelitian dilakukan dengan tujuan menganalisis kelimpahan, bentuk, dan warna mikroplastik pada air, sedimen, insang dan saluran pencernaan ikan sapu-sapu Pterygoplichthys pardalis dari Situ Kenanga dan Situ Mahoni, Kampus Universitas Indonesia, Depok. Pengambilan sampel air dan sedimen dilakukan pada inlet, midlet, dan outlet kedua situ. Sampel air disaring menggunakan plankton net, sampel sedimen diambil menggunakan Ekman grab kemudian dikeringkan menggunakan oven, sampel P. pardalis sebanyak 15 individu diambil menggunakan cast net dari masing-masing situ, kemudian insang dan saluran pencernaannya diisolasi dan didestruksi menggunakan HNO3 65%. Tiap sampel yang diperoleh dilarutkan dengan larutan NaCl jenuh agar terjadi flotasi. Pengamatan dilakukan menggunakan mikroskop cahaya dan Sedgwick Rafter Chamber untuk meletakkan sampel, dengan mengamati bentuk, warna, dan jumlah partikel mikroplastik. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk fiber, film, fragmen, granula, serta warna transparan, hitam, biru, dan merah muda ditemukan pada semua sampel. Kelimpahan mikroplastik di Situ Kenanga pada air sebanyak 48,26 ± 23,51 partikel L-1, sedimen 45837,04 ± 36305,97 partikel Kg-1, insang 290,48 ± 154,58 partikel g-1 atau 1156,44 ± 378,69 partikel ind-1, saluran pencernaan 134,37 ± 55,72 partikel g-1 atau 1364,89 ± 339,54 partikel ind-1. Kelimpahan mikroplastik di Situ Mahoni pada air sebanyak 48,63 ± 30,21 partikel L-1, sedimen 36237,04 ± 16702,60 partikel Kg-1, insang 287,23 ± 109,40 partikel g-1 atau 1153,78 ± 324,32 partikel ind-1, saluran pencernaan 123,77 ± 34,35 partikel g-1 atau 1304,44 ± 270,90 partikel ind-1. Tidak terdapat perbedaan signifikan antara kelimpahan mikroplastik di Situ Kenanga dan Situ Mahoni pada semua sampel.

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The presence of microplastics in the water could threaten the biota there. This study was conducted to analyze the abundance, shapes, and colors of microplastics in water, sediment, gills and digestive tract of amazon sailfin catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis from Situ Kenanga and Situ Mahoni, Universitas Indonesia Campus, Depok. Sampling of water and sediment were carried out at the inlet, midlet, and outlet of both situ. Water samples were filtered using plankton net, sediment samples were taken using Ekman grab and dried using an oven, as many as 15 individual P. pardalis samples were taken using cast net from each situ, then their gills and digestive tract were isolated and pulverized using 65% HNO3. Each sample obtained was dissolved with saturated NaCl solution for flotation to occur. Observations were made using a light microscope and Sedgwick Rafter Chamber to place each sample, by observing the shape, color, and number of microplastic particles. The results showed that the shapes of fibers, films, fragments, granules, as well as transparent, black, blue, and pink colors were found in all samples. The abundance of microplastics in Situ Kenanga water was 48.26 ± 23.51 particles L-1, sediment 45837.04 ± 36305.97 particles Kg-1, gills 290.48 ± 154.58 particles g-1 or 1156, 44 ± 378.69 ind-1 particles, digestive tract 134.37 ± 55.72 particles g-1 or 1364.89 ± 339.54 ind-1 particles. The abundance of microplastics in Situ Mahoni water was 48.63 ± 30.21 particles L-1, sediment 36237.04 ± 16702.60 particles Kg-1, gills 287.23 ± 109.40 particles g-1 or 1153, 78 ± 324.32 ind-1 particles, digestive tract 123.77 ± 34.35 particles g-1 or 1304.44 ± 270.90 ind-1 particles. There was no significant difference between the abundance of microplastics in Situ Kenanga and Situ Mahoni in all samples."

"Penelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh meningkatnya polusi plastik yang menyebabkan pencemaran mikroplastik di perairan air tawar. Situ Rawa Besar, Depok merupakan salah satu situ yang tercemar oleh mikroplastik akibat aktivitas manusia di sekitarnya. Mikroplastik dapat berdampak negatif bagi organisme akuatik seperti ikan sapu-sapu Pterygoplichthys pardalis yang merupakan spesies invasif dan bioindikator pencemaran mikroplastik di situ. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelimpahan, bentuk dan warna mikroplastik pada air, sedimen, insang dan saluran pencernaan ikan sapu-sapu di Situ Rawa Besar serta menguji perbedaan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada tahun 2022 dengan 2023. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif kuantitatif untuk menganalisis kelimpahan, bentuk dan warna mikroplastik pada air, sedimen, insang, dan saluran pencernaan sapu-sapu di Situ Rawa Besar. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di tiga stasiun. Parameter fisika-kimia air seperti suhu, pH, oksigen terlarut, dan kecerahan air diukur secara in situ. Sampel air 20 L disaring menggunakan plankton net dan sampel sedimen diambil menggunakan Ekman grab dan dikeringkan dengan oven, lalu ditambahkan larutan NaCl jenuh. Sampel ikan sapu-sapu diambil sebanyak 15 ekor dengan menggunakan jaring ikan. Sampel insang dan saluran pencernaan ikan dipisahkan dengan menggunakan dissecting set dan dilarutkan dengan HNO3 kemudian ditambahkan larutan NaCl jenuh. Perhitungan partikel mikroplastik dilakukan di bawah mikroskop dan sampel diletakkan pada Sedgwick Rafter Chamber. Mikroplastik dianalisis kelimpahannya dan diklasifikasikan menurut bentuknya (pellet, fiber, film, dan fragmen) serta dihitung persentase komposisi mikroplastik dalam sampel. Hasil penelitian pada tahun 2022 menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan mikroplastik berkisar antara 12,67 – 20,33 partikel L-1 pada air, 14.400,00-38.400,00 partikel kg-1 pada sedimen, 250,67-386,67 partikel ind-1 pada insang, dan 313,33-369,33 partikel ind-1 pada saluran pencernaan. Kelimpahan mikroplastik tersebut lebih rendah dari kelimpahannya pada tahun 2023, yaitu berkisar antara 14,67-32,00 partikel L-1 pada air, 16.533,33-41.600,00 partikel kg-1 pada sedimen, 333,33-446,67 partikel ind-1 pada insang, dan 429,33-502,67 partikel ind-1 pada saluran pencernaan. Bentuk mikroplastik yang paling dominan adalah fiber pada air dan ikan sapu-sapu, fragmen pada sedimen. Warna mikroplastik yang paling dominan adalah biru pada air dan sedimen, hitam pada insang dan saluran pencernaan ikan sapu-sapu. Kelimpahan mikroplastik pada tahun 2023 lebih tinggi dibandingkan tahun 2022, dengan peningkatan sebesar 15,24% pada insang, 24,25% pada saluran pencernaan, 27,91% pada air, dan 7,12% pada sedimen. Penelitian ini menunjukkan peningkatan jumlah mikroplastik di Situ Rawa Besar seiring berjalannya waktu yang didukung oleh beberapa faktor seperti peningkatan populasi, peningkatan sampah plastik, aktivitas antropogenik, dan curah hujan.

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This research was motivated by the increasing plastic pollution that causes microplastic contamination in freshwater bodies. Situ Rawa Besar, Depok is one of the lakes that is polluted by microplastics due to human activities around it. Microplastics can have negative impacts on aquatic organisms such as Amazon Sailfin Catfish Pterygoplichthys pardalis which is an invasive species and a bioindicator of microplastic pollution in the lake. This research aims to analyze the abundance, shape and color of microplastics in water, sediment, gills and digestive tract of sailfin catfish in Situ Rawa Besar and to test the difference in microplastic abundance between 2022 and 2023. This research uses descriptive quantitative method to analyze the abundance, shape and color of microplastics in water, sediment, gills, and digestive tract of sailfin catfish in Situ Rawa Besar. Sampling was done at three stations. Physico-chemical parameters of water such as temperature, pH, dissolved oxygen, and water clarity were measured in situ. Water samples of 20 L were filtered using plankton net and sediment samples were taken using Ekman grab and dried with oven, then added with saturated NaCl solution. Sailfin catfish samples were taken as many as 15 individuals using fish net. Gill and digestive tract samples were separated using dissecting set and dissolved with HNO3 then added with saturated NaCl solution. Microplastic particle counting was done under microscope and samples were placed on Sedgwick Rafter Chamber. Microplastics were analyzed for their abundance and classified according to their shape (pellet, fiber, film, and fragment) and the percentage composition of microplastics in the sample was calculated. The results of the research in 2022 showed that the abundance of microplastics ranged from 12.67-20.33 particles L-1 in water, 14,400.00-38,400.00 particles kg-1 in sediment, 250.67-386.67 particles ind-1 in gills, and 313.33-369.33 particles ind-1 in digestive tract. The abundance of microplastics was lower than its abundance in 2023, which ranged from 14.67-32.00 particles L-1 in water, 16,533.33-41,600.00 particles kg-1 in sediment, 333.33-446.67 particles ind-1 in gills, and 429.33-502.67 particles ind-1 in digestive tract. The most dominant shape of microplastics was fiber in water and sailfin catfish, fragment in sediment and digestive tract of sailfin catfish. The most dominant color of microplastics was blue in water and sediment, black in gills and digestive tract of sailfin catfish. The abundance of microplastics increased from 2022 to 2023, with an increase of 15.24% in gills, 24.25% in digestive tract, 27.91% in water, and 7.12% in sediment. This research shows an increase in the number of microplastics in Situ Rawa Besar over time supported by several factors such as population growth, increased plastic waste, anthropogenic activities, and rainfall."

"Mikroplastik merupakan salah satu polutan di lingkungan berukuran mikro yang menjadi permasalahan global oleh tingginya penggunaan plastik masyarakat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis kelimpahan dan kandungan jenis mikroplastik pada air laut, sedimen, serta daun lamun Enhalus acoroides di Taman Nasional Pulau Pramuka, Kepulauan Seribu. Sampel air disaring dengan plankton net sementara sedimen dikeringkan dalam oven hingga berat konstan, kemudian masing- masing dicampur dalam NaCl dan diidentifikasi mikroskop cahaya. Hasil yang didapat lamun titik timur memiliki rata-rata kelimpahan mikroplastik 33,35 partikel/cm2, titik utara 38,6 partikel/cm2, titik selatan 40,55 partikel/cm2, kemudian titik barat 42,65 partikel/cm2, dan titik baratlaut 44,7 partikel/cm2. Air titik timur 56 partikel/L, titik utara 58 partikel/mL, titik selatan 69,33 partikel/mL, titik barat 72 partikel/mL, dan titik barat laut 74,66 partikel/L. Sedimen titik timur 38,66 partikel/g, titik utara 58,66 partikel/g, titik selatan 75 partikel/g, titik barat 77 partikel/g, dan titik barat laut 89 partikel/g. Hasil uji kandungan jenis ATR-FTIR ditemukan kandungan HDPE, LDPE, dan PP. Uji Kruskal Wallis menunjukkan tidak ada perbedaan signifikan mikroplastik pada lamun Enhalus acoroides di kelima titik.

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Microplastic is one of the micro-sized pollutants in the environment and has become a global problem due to the high use of plastic amongst society. This study is aimed to analyze the abundance and content of microplastics in sea water, sediment, and seagrass Enhalus acoroides in Pramuka Island. The leaf surface of Enhalus acoroides were softly scraped using razor blade and microplastic was identified through microscope and ATR-FTIR. The water sample was filtered with a plankton net whereas the sediment was dried in an oven until constant weight, each was mixed in NaCl and identified through light microscope. Results obtained, east site has a microplastic average abundance of 33.35 particles/cm2, north site 38.6 particles/cm2, south site 40.55 particles/cm2, west site 42.65 particles/cm2, and northwest site 44.7 particles/cm2. The east site for water sample has average abundance 56 particles/mL, north site 58 particles/mL, south site 69.33 particles/mL, west site 72 particles/mL, and northwest site 74.66 particles/L. The east site for sediment has 38.66 particles/g,north site 58.66 particles/g, south site 75 particles/g, west site 77 particles/g, and northwest site 89 particles/g. The result of ATR-FTIR showed HDPE, LDPE, and PPcontent. Kruskal Wallis Test showed no significant difference in microplastic abundance in seagrass Enhalus acoroides at the five sampling sites and Pearson Test showed positive and signficant relation between microplastics in water and sediment."

"Ikan red devil (Amphilophus labiatus) merupakan spesies invasif yang adaptif dan memiliki preferensi makanan yang luas. Keberadaannya telah mendominasi di perairan tawar Indonesia dan mengancam populasi spesies lainnya. Makroplastik merupakan pencemar di situ, dan keberadaannya dapat menjadi tempat bagi biofilm untuk tumbuh sehingga mampu menjadi pemikat bagi ikan red devil untuk berkembang lebih banyak. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui ada atau tidaknya asosiasi, serta tingkat korelasi antara makroplastik dengan ikan red devil di Situ Puspa. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode yaitu water-surface-based visual observation. Uji asosiasi dan korelasi yang digunakan dalam analisis statistik yakni uji asosiasi Chi-Square dan uji korelasi Pearson. Jenis makroplastik yang paling sering ditemukan di Situ Puspa adalah kresek dan kemasan. Hasil asosiasi menunjukkan bahwa adanya asosiasi terhadap keseluruhan total sampah makroplastik di seluruh stasiun, namun pada penghitungan yang dipisahkan per jenis makroplastik dan per stasiun tidak ditemukan asosiasi. Perbedaan nilai tersebut disebabkan oleh limitasi uji Chi-Square. Hasil korelasi menunjukkan bahwa keseluruhan jenis makroplastik, baik yang diperhitungkan keseluruhan maupun yang dipisahkan per jenis makroplastik dan per stasiun seluruhnya korelasi negatif lemah dengan p-value > 0,05. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa antara seluruh jenis makroplastik dan ikan red devil di seluruh stasiun tidak berasosiasi serta korelasi bersifat negatif lemah.

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Red devil fish (Amphilophus labiatus) is an adaptive invasive species and has wide food preferences. Its presence has dominated in Indonesia's freshwater and threatening populations of other species. Macroplastic is a pollutant in lakes, which can be a place for biofilm to grow, hence red devil fish can be attracted and grow rapidly. This research is conducted to determine whether or not there is an association, as well as the correlation between macroplastics and red devil fish in Situ Puspa. The research is conducted using water-surface-based visual observation method. The tests used in statistical analysis are Chi-Square association and Pearson correlation test. Most common types of macroplastic found in Situ Puspa are plastic bags and packaging. Results shows that there is an association with the total macroplastic in all stations, but in separate calculations per macroplastic type and per station, no association is found. Difference in value is caused by limitation of Chi-Square test. Correlation shows that all types of macroplastics, whether calculated as a whole or separately, all have a weak negative correlation with p-value > 0.05. Therefore, between all types of macroplastic and red devil fish in all stations there is no association and the correlation is weak negative."

"Penelitian ini menganalisis bentuk dan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada sumber air laut, sumber air tawar petak A, air kolam 19, pakan buatan (pelet), saluran pencernaan, dan feses udang vannamei Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) di Tambak Udang Vannamei Unit Sobo, Banyuwangi, Jawa Timur. Sampel air diambil dan disimpan dalam botol kaca sebanyak 300 ml, sampel pakan menggunakan pakan jenis SGH2 buatan perusahaan sendiri sebanyak 10 gr, sedangkan sampel udang digunakan sebanyak 5 individu dari kolam 19 dan tiap udang diambil bagian saluran pencernaan dan fesesnya. Sampel air, pakan, saluran pencernaan, dan feses diamati menggunakan mikroskop serta dilakukan pengulangan sebanyak 3 kali. Sampel diambil pada tanggal 25 Oktober 2021 dengan DOC (Day of Culture) 53 dan penelitian berlangsung selama 1 bulan dari bulan Oktober hingga November 2021. Penelitian memperlihatkan tiga bentuk mikroplastik, yaitu fragmen, film, dan fiber. Mikroplastik bentuk fragmen mendominasi dalam penelitian ini. Selain itu, berdasarkan data kelimpahan mikroplastik, diketahui bahwa mikroplastik pada pakan banyak yang tidak ditemukan ke dalam proses pencernaan. Kemudian, diketahui juga tidak terdapat perbedaan nilai kelimpahan, serta terdapat hubungan kelimpahan mikroplastik pada saluran pencernaan dan feses udang vannamei.

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This study analyzed the shape and abundance of microplastics in seawater sources, plot A freshwater source, pond water, artificial feed, digestive tract, and feces of Litopenaeus vannamei (Boone, 1931) at Unit Sobo Shrimp Ponds, Banyuwangi, East Java. As much as 300 ml of water were taken and stored in glass bottles; feed samples made by the company itself, were taken as much as 10 grams; while shrimp samples were used as many as 5 individuals from 19 ponds, taken from the digestive tract and feces. Each sample were observed using a microscope and repeated 3 times. Samples were taken on October 25, 2021 with DOC (Day of Culture) 53 and the study lasted for 1 month from October to November 2021. Research shows three forms of microplastics, namely fragments, films, and fibers. Microplastic fragments dominate in this study. In addition, based on data on the abundance of microplastics, it is known that many microplastics in feed are not found in the digestive process. Then, it was also known that there was no difference in the abundance value and that there was a relationship between the abundance of microplastics in the digestive tract and feces."

"Pencemaran mikroplastik menjadi ancaman bagi kehidupan biota. Mikroplastik yang terakumulasi dalam saluran pencernaan biota dapat menghambat pertumbuhan, mempengaruhi reproduksi, dan kerusakan organ internal. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelimpahan dan  bentuk mikroplastik pada air, sedimen, insang, dan saluran pencernaan Ikan Nila Oreochromis niloticus di Situ Rawa Besar, Depok. Sampel air dan sedimen di ambil pada 3 stasiun pengambilan sampel dari situ. Sampel Ikan Nila diambil 5 ekor masing-masing pada 3 stasiun. Sampel insang dan saluran pencernaan dihancurkan menggunakan larutan asam nitrat (HNO3) 65%. Sampel air diambil 20 L dan disaring menggunakan plankton net. Sampel sedimen dikeringkan dalam oven sebanyak 25 gram. Larutan NaCl jenuh digunakan untuk memisahkan mikroplastik dengan pengotor. Sebanyak 1 mL sampel diteteskan pada Sedgewick Rafter Chamber kemudian diamati dan dihitung berdasarkan bentuk mikroplastik di bawah mikroskop. Hasil penelitian pada Juli 2022 menunjukkan bahwa kelimpahan mikroplastik berkisar antara 15,00-23,33 partikel L-1 pada air, 20.330,00-45.330,00 partikel kg-1 pada sedimen, 182,67-593,33 partikel ind-1 pada insang, dan 596,00-701,33 partikel ind-1 pada saluran pencernaan. Kelimpahan mikroplastik tersebut lebih rendah dari kelimpahannya pada September 2023, yaitu berkisar antara 24,33-34,67 partikel L-1 pada air, 31.000,00-65.670,00 partikel kg-1 pada sedimen, 317,33-744,00 partikel ind-1 pada insang, dan 844,00-1.120,00 partikel ind-1 pada saluran pencernaan. Bentuk mikroplastik yang paling dominan adalah fragmen pada air, Ikan Nila, dan sedimen. Penelitian ini menunjukkan peningkatan jumlah mikroplastik di Situ Rawa Besar seiring berjalannya waktu yang didukung oleh beberapa faktor seperti peningkatan populasi, peningkatan sampah plastik, aktivitas antropogenik, dan curah hujan.

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Microplastic pollution poses a threat to the life of aquatic organisms. Accumulated microplastics in the digestive tracts of these organisms can hinder growth, affect reproduction, and cause internal organ damage. This research aims to determine the abundance and forms of microplastics in water, sediment, gills, and digestive tracts of Nile Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) in Situ Rawa Besar, Depok. Water and sediment samples were collected from three sampling stations in the lake. Five Nile Tilapia samples were taken from each station. Gill and digestive tract samples were digested using 65% nitric acid (HNO3) solution. Twenty liters of water were collected and filtered using a plankton net. Sediment samples were dried in an oven, with 25 grams used for analysis. A saturated NaCl solution was employed to separate microplastics from impurities. One milliliter of the sample was dropped onto a Sedgewick Rafter Chamber, then observed and counted based on microplastic forms under a microscope. The research results in July 2022 indicated that microplastic abundance ranged from 15.00 to 23.33 particles L-1 in water, 20,330.00 to 45,330.00 particles kg-1 in sediment, 182.67 to 593.33 particles ind-1 in gills, and 596.00 to 701.33 particles ind-1 in the digestive tract. These abundances were lower than those in September 2023, ranging from 24.33 to 34.67 particles L-1 in water, 31,000.00 to 65,670.00 particles kg-1 in sediment, 317.33 to 744.00 particles ind-1 in gills, and 844.00 to 1,120.00 particles ind-1 in the digestive tract. The most dominant form of microplastics was fragments in water, Nile Tilapia, and sediment. This research indicates an increase in the quantity of microplastics in Situ Rawa Besar over time, supported by factors such as population growth, increased plastic waste, anthropogenic activities, and rainfall."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kelimpahan mikroplastik pada air, sedimen, serta insang dan saluran pencernaan ikan mujair Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters, 1852) dan Ikan Sepat Rawa Trichopodus trichopterus (Pallas, 1770) di Situ Mahoni, Kampus Universitas Indonesia, Depok. Sampel air diambil sebanyak 20 L menggunakan beaker glass 1000 mL lalu disaring menggunakan plankton net hingga tertampung volume air 300 mL, sampel sedimen diambil menggunakan ekman grab dan ditampung pada jar kaca 250 mL. Sementara itu, sampel ikan mujair dan ikan sepat rawa masing-masing diambil 15 ekor dengan cast net lalu disimpan pada wadah penyimpanan berisi alkohol 70%. Ekstraksi sampel dilakukan di Laboratorium Biologi Kelautan, Departemen Biologi, FMIPA UI dengan metode penghancuran oleh HNO3 65% untuk sampel ikan. Sedangkan, sampel sedimen dikeringkan dengan menggunakan oven selama 2 hari. Selanjutnya, seluruh sampel dicampurkan dengan larutan NaCl jenuh untuk mengapungkan mikroplastik. Kemudian dilakukan analisis kelimpahan, bentuk, dan warna mikroplastik menggunakan mikroskop. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata total kelimpahan mikroplastik pada air diperoleh 437,67 ± 30,21 partikel L-1, pada sedimen diperoleh 36.237,04 ± 16.702,60 partikel kg-1, pada insang ikan mujair diperoleh 785,78 ± 292,07 partikel ind-1, pada insang ikan sepat rawa diperoleh 553,33 ± 242,54 partikel ind-1, saluran pencernaan ikan mujair diperoleh 1.058,67 ± 215,44 partikel ind-1, pada saluran pencernaan ikan sepat rawa diperoleh 892,89 ± 156,52 partikel ind-1. Secara keseluruhan, bentuk mikroplastik yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah mikroplastik berbentuk fiber. Berdasarkan hasil uji Mann-Whitney terhadap sampel insang dan saluran pencernaan dari ikan mujair dan ikan sepat rawa didapatkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan jumlah mikroplastik yang signifikan.

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The purpose of this study is to identify the abundance of microplastics in water, sediment, gills, and digestive tract of tilapia Oreochromis mossambicus (Peters,1852) and three spot gourami Trichopodus trichopterus (Pallas, 1770) in Situ Mahoni, University of Indonesia Campus, Depok. As much as 20 Litres of water samples were taken using a 1000 mL beaker glass and then filtered using a plankton net until 300 mL of water is stored, Sediment samples were taken using an ekman grab then stored on a 250 mL glass jar, while 15 samples of the tilapia and three spot gourami were caught using a cast net and then stored with alcohol 70%. Sample extractions were carried out at the Marine Biology Laboratory, Department of Biology, FMIPA UI by pulverizing the fish samples with HNO3 65%. The sediment samples were dried using the oven for 2 days. Then, all of the samples were mixed with a NaCl solution to float the microplastics. Then, an analysis of abundance, shape, and colours of microplastics under the microscope were done. The results showed that the average total abundance of microplastics was 437,67 ± 30,21 L-1 particles in water samples, in sediment samples was 36.237,04 ± 16.702,60 kg-1 particles in sediment samples, 785,78 ± 292,07 ind-1 particles in the gills of tilapia, 553,33 ± 242,54 ind-1 particles in the gills of the three spot gourami, 1.058,67 ± 215,44 ind-1 particles in the digestive tract of the tilapia, 892,89 ± 156,52 ind-1 particles in the digestive tract of the three spot gourami. Overall, the predominant form of microplastic in the water, sediment, gills, and digestive tract is in the form of fiber. There is a significant difference between the abundance of microplastics based on the results of the Mann-Whitney Test on gill and digestive tract samples of tilapia and three spot gourami."