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"Latar Belakang COVID-19 berdampak secara signifikan bagi dunia. Tingginya prevalensi dan insidensi, serta banyaknya kasus berderajat keparahan sedang-berat, mendorong dunia dan Indonesia untuk mencari terapi yang tepat. Salah satunya adalah anti-interleukin-6 untuk mengatasi badai sitokin yang kerap terjadi pada pasien COVID-19. Anti-interleukin-6 berupa Tocilizumab yang digunakan untuk mengatasi COVID-19 derajat sedang-berat hingga saat ini masih minim diteliti di dunia maupun di Indonesia. Maka, Peneliti berharap penelitian ini dapat berkontribusi pada perkembangan dunia medis di Indonesia. Metode Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan desain kohort retrospektif yang dilakukan di Rumah Sakit Universitas Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan rekam medis pasien COVID-19 berderajat sedang-berat guna menilai hubungan antara pemberian Tocilizumab dengan tingkat mortalitas, lama rawat, dan kadar biomarker inflamasi yaitu C-reactive protein dan D-dimer. Hasil Diperoleh 52 pasien yang diberikan obat Tocilizumab dan 52 pasien kontrol. Pada kelompok pasien yang diberikan Tocilizumab, 48 pasien dirawat pada bulan Januari-Juni dan 4 pasien dirawat pada bulan Juli-Desember. Pada kelompok kontrol, 32 pasien dirawat pada bulan Januari-Juni dan 20 pasien dirawat pada bulan Juli-Desember. Ditemukan sebanyak 40,4% pasien yang memperoleh Tocilizumab hidup dan sembuh, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol hanya 16,4% pasien yang sembuh (p=0,014). Rata-rata lama rawat pasien kelompok uji mencapai 20,9±11,5 hari, lebih lama dibandingkan kelompok kontrol yaitu 16,5±12,4 hari (p=0,007). Rata-rata penurunan kadar CRP pada kelompok uji adalah -74,65±72,59 mg/L, sedangkan pada kelompok kontrol meningkat (p=0,001). Kadar D-dimer pasien yang diberikan Tocilizumab mengalami penurunan namun tidak signifikan. Kesimpulan Tocilizumab terbukti menurunkan angka mortalitas, menurunkan kadar CRP, dan cenderung menurunkan kadar D-dimer pada pasien COVID-19 derajat sedang-berat.

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Introduction COVID-19 has a significant impact globally. The high prevalence and incidence, also the large number of moderate-severe cases, encouraged the world and Indonesia to look a better therapy. One of them is anti-interleukin-6 to overcome cytokine storm that occurs in COVID-19 patients. Today, there is minimal research that learn about anti-interleukin-6, Tocilizumab. This research hope could contribute to the development of the medical sector in Indonesia. Method This research conducted with a retrospective cohort design at Universitas Indonesia Hospital. This study used medical records of COVID-19 moderate-severe patients to assess the relation between Tocilizumab administration and mortality, length of stay, and levels of C-reactive protein and D-dimer. Result There were 52 moderate-severe COVID-19 patients receiving Tocilizumab and 52 control patients. In the test group, 48 patients treated in January-June and 4 patients treated in July-December. In the control group, 32 patients treated in January-June and 20 patients treated in July-December. It was found that 40,4% of patients who were given Tocilizumab survived, while in the control group only 16,4% of patients survived (p=0,014). The average length of stay for test group reached 20,9±11,5 days, longer than the control group, which was 16,5±12,4 days (p=0,007). The average CRP levels decrease in test group was -74.,65±72,59 mg/L, while it increased in the control group (p=0,001). The D-dimer levels of patients given Tocilizumab decreased but not significant. Conclusion Tocilizumab has been proven to reduce mortality rates, lower CRP levels, and tends to reduce D-dimer levels in moderate-severe COVID-19 patients."

"Pendahuluan: Heparin dapat digunakan sebagai terapi bagi pasien COVID-19. Namun, indikasi dan efeknya masih berbeda di berbagai penelitian. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai efektivitas pemberian heparin dalam menurunkan keparahan gejala klinis. Metode :Studi retrospektif dilakukan dari rekam medis pasien COVID-19 kondisi sedang-berat yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Universitas Indonesia (RSUI). Parameter yang diperiksa adalah kondisi klinis pasien (tingkat mortalitas dan total lama perawatan), kadar D-dimer, dan trombosit pada dua kelompok, kelompok yang diberikan heparin dan yang tidak. Hasil:Penelitian ini menyertakan 110 subjek penelitian. Terdapat tingkat mortalitas yang lebih tinggi pada kelompok heparin dibandingkan kontrol (45,3% vs 5 10,9%; p<0,01). Hal ini dapat disebabkan perbedaan derajat sedang dan berat. Mayoritas kelompok heparin berkondisi berat (58,1% vs 28,2%) jika dibandingkan kontrol. Pada pengecekan laboratorium, heparin menurunkan kadar D-dimer (790 ke 500 vs 725 ke 4.475 µg/L) dan trombosit (366 ke 208x103 vs 217 ke 318x103/µL)secara signifikan (p<0,01). Kesimpulan: Kelompok heparin memiliki tingkat mortalitas yang tinggi akibat tingkat kondisi yang lebih berat, tetapi kadar D-dimer dan trombosit menurun dibandingkan kelompok kontrol.

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Introduction: Heparin can be used as therapy for COVID-19 patients. However, the indications and effects still differ in various studies. Therefore, this study aims to assess the effectiveness of heparin administration in reducing the severity of clinical symptoms. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted from medical records of moderate-severe COVID-19 patients treated at the University of Indonesia Hospital (RSUI). The parameters examined were the patient's clinical condition (mortality rate and total length of treatment), D-dimer levels, and platelets in two groups, those given heparin and those not. Results: This study included 110 research subjects. There was a higher mortality rate in the heparin group compared to controls (45.3% vs 5 10.9%; p<0.01). This is due to the difference in moderate and severe degrees. The majority of the heparin group had severe conditions (58.1% 28.2%) when compared to controls. In laboratory tests, heparin reduced the levels of D-dimer (790 to 500 vs 725 to 4,475 µg/L) and platelets (366 to 208x103 vs 217 to 318x103/µL) significantly (p<0.01). Conclusion: The heparin group had a high mortality rate due to more severe conditions, but D-dimer and platelet levels decreased compared to the control group"

"ABSTRACT

Objective : To study the eH`ect of vitamin C 1000 mg i.v and E 400 mg oral supplementation on serum c-reactive protein level as parameter of inflammation in burn patients.

Methods: This study was a one group pre post test that gave i.v 1000 mg vitamin C and oral 400 mg vitamin E supplementations to thirteen moderate-severe burn patients, with percentage of burn less than 60%, in burn unit Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital. Data were collected using questionnaire, medical record, anthropometric measurement, dietary assessment using four consecutive days food record. Laboratory test for serum vitamin C, E and serum c-reactive protein levels- were evaluated before and after supplementations. Differences in mean values were assessed by Wilcoxon for the not normal distribution.

Results: Among thirteen subjects, Seven (53.80%) Subjects were female, median of age 35 (18-55) years. Body mass index in most subjects (69.2%) were categorized as normal. The median percentages of burn injury 22 (5~57)%, and the frequency of severe burn was 6l.50%, while the most cause of burn was flame (76.9%). Level of vitamin C after treatment was increased, but not significant. Level of vitamin E after treatment was significantly increased (p=0,016). Level of CRP after supplementation significantly increased (p=0.04).

Conclussion: There was significantly reduced of level serum CRP after four days vitamin C1000 mg i.v dan E 400 mg oral supplementations."

"Obesitas merupakan masalah epidemik di dunia. Obesitas menyebabkan inflamasi kronik derajat rendah dan meningkatkan risiko beberapa penyakit kronis dengan komplikasi seperti aterosklerosis, dan masalah kardiovaskuler. Penanda inflamasi yang dianggap terbaik saat ini adalah high sensitivity C-Reactive Protein hsCRP . HsCRP juga merupakan prediktor terbaik untuk mengetahui risiko penyakit kardiovaskuler. Diperlukan penanganan secara interdisiplin untuk mengatasi masalah obesitas ini. Akupunktur merupakan terapi pelengkap yang paling cepat berkembang dan diakui oleh National Institutes of Health dan WHO. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui efektivitas terapi kombinasi elektroakupunktur dan intervensi diet terhadap kadar HsCRP dan body fat pada pasien obesitas. Uji klinis acak tersamar tunggal terhadap 36 pasien obesitas yang dialokasikan secara acak menjadi 2 kelompok yaitu kelompok kombinasi elektroakupunktur dan intervensi diet kelompok perlakuan dan kelompok kombinasi elektroakupunktur sham dan intervensi diet kelompok kontrol. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan penurunan kadar hsCRP sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan tetapi belum terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna secara statistik p= 0.476. Terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna terhadap perbandingan kadar body fat sebelum dan sesudah perlakuan pada kelompok perlakuan p=0.002. Kesimpulan penelitian ini terapi kombinasi elektroakupunktur dan intervensi diet memiliki pengaruh terhadap kadar hsCRP dan body fat pada pasien obesitas.

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Obesity is an epidemic problem in the world. Obesity causes low grade chronic inflammation and increases the risk of some chronic diseases with complications such as atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular problems. The best current inflammatory marker is the high sensitivity of C Reactive Protein hsCRP . HsCRP is also the best predictor of risk of cardiovascular disease. Interdisciplinary treatment is needed to overcome this obesity problem. Acupuncture is the most rapidly growing complementary therapy and is recognized by the National Institutes of Health and WHO.

This study aims to determine the effectiveness of electroacupuncture combination therapy and dietary intervention on HsCRP and body fat levels in obese patients. Single blinded randomized clinical trials of 36 obese patients were randomly assigned to 2 groups, electroacupuncture combined with dietary intervention group treatment group and sham electroacupuncture combined with dietary intervention group control group.

The results showed decrease of hsCRP levels before and after treatment but there was no statistically significant difference p 0.476 . There was a significant difference to the body fat content before and after treatment in the treatment group p 0.002.

The conclusions of this study combined electroacupuncture and dietary intervention therapy have an influence on levels of hsCRP and body fat in obese patients."

"Latar belakang. Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) memiliki spektrum penyakit yang sangat luas dari gejala ringan sampai berat, hingga kematian. Reaksi inflamasi berat akibat dari COVID-19 ini menimbulkan gangguan hemostasis yang disebut dengan COVID-19 associated coagulopathy. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menilai profil koagulasi pada pasien dalam pemantauan (PDP) ataupun terkonfirmasi COVID-19 serta hubungannya terhadap mortalitas 30-hari pasien.Metode. Studi ini merupakan studi kohort retrospektif di RS Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) selama Maret 2020 hingga Juni 2020. Sebanyak 106 subjek yang sesuai kriteria inklusi dianalisis dari data rekam medis. Dilakukan pengambilan data berupa data demografik, klinis atau hemodinamik pasien, profil koagulasi saat subjek ditentukan sebagai PDP atau terkonfirmasi COVID-19, pemberian terapi tromboprofilaksis heparin, dan status mortalitas 30 hari setelah admisi. Perhitungan statistik dilakukan dengan menggunakan Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) versi 24.0. Profil koagulasi subjek penyintas 30 hari dibandingkan dengan subjek yang mengalami mortalitas. Variabel profil koagulasi yang bermakna kemudian dianalisis dengan analisis bivariat dan regresi logistik multivariat.Hasil. Pada kelompok yang mengalami mortalitas 30-hari ditemukan adanya peningkatan jumlah leukosit (p: 0,022), penurunan kadar trombosit (p: 0,016), dan waktu protrombin (PT) dan waktu activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) yang lebih panjang (p: 0,002 dan p: 0,018) dibandingkan pada kelompok penyintas 30-hari. Tidak ditemukan perbedaan fibrinogen dan d-Dimer yang bermakna secara statistik. PT merupakan suatu profil koagulasi tunggal yang dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor mortalitas 30-hari dengan odds ratio (95% CI) sebesar 1,407 (1,072 – 1,846), nilai p: 0,014.Simpulan. Terdapat hubungan antara faktor koagulasi pasien COVID-19 dengan mortalitas 30 hari di RSCM, khususnya PT yang dapat digunakan sebagai prediktor mortalitas 30-hari.

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.Background. Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) has a very broad spectrum of disease from mild to severe symptoms, to death. The severe inflammatory reaction as a result of COVID-19 infection causes a hemostasis disorder called COVID-19 associated coagulopathy. This study aims to assess the coagulation profile of patients under monitoring (PDP) or confirmed COVID-19 and its relationship with 30-day mortality.

Method. This retrospective cohort study was conducted at RS Cipto Mangunkusumo (RSCM) from March 2020 to June 2020. A total of 106 subjects who met the inclusion criteria were analyzed from medical record data. Data were collected in the form of patient demographic, clinical or hemodynamic data, coagulation profile when the subject was determined as PDP or confirmed as COVID-19, administration of heparin thromboprophylaxis therapy, and mortality status 30 days after admission. Statistical calculations were performed using the Statistical Package of Social Science (SPSS) version 24.0. We compared the coagulation profiles of the survivor group in contrast to the non-survivor group. Significant coagulation profile variables were analyzed using bivariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression.

Results. There was elevated number of leukocytes (p: 0.022), reduced platelet levels (p: 0.016), and longer prothrombin time (PT) as well as activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) (p: 0.002 and p: 0.018, consecutively) in non-survivor group. There were no statistical differences in fibrinogen and d-Dimer levels in both groups. Additionally, PT is a single coagulation profile which predicted 30-day mortality with an odds ratio (95% CI) of 1.407 (1.072 - 1.846), and p value: 0.014.

Conclusion. This present study shows abnormal coagulation results are associated with 30-day mortality in COVID-19 patients at RSCM. Prolonged PT was an independent predictor for 30-day mortality in COVID-19 patients"

"Latar Belakang: COVID-19 di Indonesia menyebabkan kematian hingga lebih dari 150.000 orang. Salah satu populasi yang mengalami dampak dengan risiko kematian yang tinggi adalah populasi penyakit kardiovaskular. Severitas COVID-19 sering dikaitkan dengan rendahnya rasio PaO2/FiO2 dan tingginya kadar D-dimer. COVID-19 varian Omicron diketahui memiliki angka penyebaran yang lebih tinggi dengan severitas infeksi yang lebih rendah dibandingkan varian sebelumnya. Namun dampak jangka panjang pada pasien COVID-19 varian Omicron, khususnya pada populasi pasien dengan penyakit kardiovaskular masih menjadi pertanyaan. Penelitian ini ingin mengetahui dampak pasca COVID-19 varian Omicron dengan melihat kadar ST2 terlarut dan adanya gangguan paru yang dinilai dengan pemeriksaan spirometri.Tujuan: Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan Rasio PaO2/FiO2 dan Kadar D-dimer pada saat admisi terhadap kadar ST2 terlarut dan gambaran spirometri pada pasien pasca COVID-19 varian Omicron dengan penyakit kardiovaskular. Metode: Penelitian berupa studi potong lintang terhadap pasien COVID-19 varian Omicron dengan riwayat komorbid penyakit kardiovaskular yang dirawat di Rumah Sakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah Harapan Kita. Diagnosis COVID-19 varian Omicron dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode WGS/SGTF. Pasien dengan kriteria inklusi menjalani pemeriksaan spirometri dan pengukuran kadar ST2 terlarut pada 6 bulan pasca perawatan.Hasil dan Pembahasan: Penelitian ini menunjukkan rasio PaO2/FiO2 dengan median 454 dan kadar D-dimer 790ng/mL. Mayoritas pasien menunjukkan gambaran gangguan resktriktif. Kadar ST2 terlarut pasca perawatan memiliki median 2716,8pg/mL. Tidak ditemukan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara rasio PaO2/FiO2 dan kadar D-Dimer terhadap kadar ST2 terlarut maupun gambaran spirometri pada 6 bulan pasca COVID-19. Hal ini dapat dikaitkan dengan severitas COVID-19 yang lebih rendah sehingga tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna terhadap parameter admisi serta hubungan pengukuran 6 bulan pasca COVID-19 dengan kemungkinan adanya perbaikan fibrosis.Kesimpulan: Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara rasio PaO2/FiO2 dan kadar D- Dimer terhadap kadar ST2 terlarut ataupun gambaran spirometri pada 6 bulan pasca COVID-19 varian Omicron.

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Introduction: COVID-19 in Indonesia has caused more than 150,000 deaths. One of the affected populations with a high risk of death is the cardiovascular disease population. The severity of COVID-19 is associated with a low of PaO2/FiO2 ratio and the increased levels of D-dimer. Omicron variant is known to have higher transmission with less severe infection than the previous variant. However, research related to long term effect post COVID-19 with Omicron variant in cardiovascular population is not yet known.

Aim: This study was conducted to determine the relationship of PaO2/FiO2 ratio and D- dimer levels at admission to sST2 levels and spirometry profile in post COVID-19 variant Omicron patient with cardiovascular disease.

Method: Research in the form of a cross-sectional study was conducted on Omicron variant COVID-19 patients with a history of comorbid cardiovascular disease who were treated at the Harapan Kita Heart and Blood Vessel Hospital (RSJPDHK). The diagnosis of COVID-19 is carried out using the WGS/SGTF method. Patients undergo spirometry examination and measurement of sST2 levels at 6 month after hospitalization.

Results and Discussion: This study shows a PaO2/FiO2 ratio with a median of 454 with D-dimer levels 790 ng/mL. The majority of patients have a restrictive patterns. The median sST2 value in Omicron variant COVID-19 patients at 2716.8 pg/mL. There was no significant relationship between the ratio of PaO2/FiO2 and D-Dimer levels to sST2 levels and spirometry profile at 6 months after COVID-19 infection. This can be associated with lower COVID-19 severity so that there is no significant association with inflammatory parameters such as PaO2/FiO2 ratio and D-dimer levels, as well as the relationship between measurements 6 months post COVID-19 and the possibility of fibrosis improvement.

Conclusion: There was no significant relationship between the ratio of PaO2/FiO2 and D-Dimer levels to sST2 levels and spirometry abnormality at 6 months post COVID-19 variant Omicron."

"Latar Belakang: N-asetilsistein (NAS) memiliki banyak manfaat, salah satunya sebagai antikoksidan dan antiinflamasi. Belum banyak penelitian pemberian NAS pada pasien COVID-19. Pemberian NAS pada pasien COVID-19 derajat berat memiliki hasil luaran yang bervariasi, salah satunya diduga disebabkan lama terapi yang hanya beberapa jamhari. Tujuan: Rancangan penelitian ini adalah kohort retrospektif di ICU RS PELNI, Jakarta. Penelitian ini dimulai setelah mendapat sertifikat etik dan ijin lokasi yang dimulai pada bulan Februari-April 2023. Pengambilan sampel secara consecutive sampling. Kriteria penerimaan meliputi pasien COVID-19 derajat berat dengan usia ≥18 tahun. Kriteria penolakan meliputi pasien sedang hamil/menyusui. Kriteria pengeluaran meliputi pasien meninggal sebelum pemberian NAS mencapai 14 hari. Luaran yang diamati adalah kejadian intubasi, mortalitas, nilai rasio netrofil limfosit, kadar D-dimer, dan CRP. Data penelitian merupakan data sekunder dari rekam medis. Data dianalisis dengan uji statistik yang sesuai menggunakan program SPSS versi 27. Hasil: Didapatkan total 112 pasien dengan 55 pasien tidak mendapatkan terapi NAS dan 57 pasien mendapatkan terapi NAS. Dari hasil analisis bivariat didapatkan pasien dengan terapi NAS memiliki kemungkinan untuk diintubasi sebesar 2,7 kali dan tidak berhubugan dengan mortalitas. Dari hasil analisis multivariat, didapatkan hanya variabel kejadian intubasi yang bermakna terhadap mortalitas. Simpulan: Terapi ajuvan NAS tidak menurunkan kejadian intubasi dan mortalitas.

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Background: N-acetylcysteine (NAS) has many benefits, one of which is as an antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. There have not been many studies of giving NAS to COVID-19 patients. Giving NAS to patients with severe degrees of COVID-19 has varied outcomes, one of which is thought to be caused by the duration of therapy which is only a few hours-days.

Purpose: This retrospective cohort study was conducted in the ICU of PELNI Hospital, Jakarta. This research was started after obtaining an ethical certificate and location permit which began in February-April 2023. The samples were taken using consecutive sampling. Inclusion criteria was patients with severe degree of COVID-19 aged ≥18 years. Exclusion criteria was patients who are pregnant/breastfeeding. Drop out criteria was patients who died before 14 days of NAS administration. The observed outcomes were intubation events, mortality, neutrophil lymphocyte ratio D-dimer and CRP levels. The research data is secondary data from medical records. Data were analyzed with appropriate statistical tests using the SPSS version 27 program.

Results: There were a total of 112 patients with 55 patients not receiving NAS therapy and 57 patients receiving NAS therapy. From the results of bivariate analysis, it was found that patients with NAS therapy had a 2.7 times the likelihood of being intubated and had no association with mortality. From the results of the multivariate analysis, it was found that only the intubation event variable had a significant effect on mortality.

Conclusion: Adjuvant therapy for NAS does not reduce the incidence of intubation and mortality.

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"Pendahuluan: Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) memiliki kecenderungan terus meningkat dengan koinsidensi mortalitas jangka pendek dan morbiditas jangka panjang. COVID-19 dapat menyebabkan hypercoagulable state dan menjadi predisposisi terjadinya DVT. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis hubungan kadar fibrinogen, D-Dimer, dan dosis heparin teraupetik berdasarkan kadar APTT dengan adanya COVID-19 pada pasien DVT. Metode: Desain penelitian komparatif dan kohort prospektif digunakan untuk membandingkan kadar fibrinogen, D-Dimer, dan dosis heparin terapeutik antara pasien COVID-19 dan non COVID-19 yang menderita DVT di RSPN Cipto Mangunkusumo pada bulan Maret 2020 – Maret 2022. Penegakan diagnosis DVT dilakukan dengan pemeriksaan ultrasonografi dan/atau computed tomography angiography (CTA) fase vena. Data variabel utama dan lainnya diperoleh dari rekam medis pasien. Uji T independen atau Mann-Whitney digunakan untuk menganalisis perbedaan nilai variabel antara kedua kelompok. Hasil: Dari total 253 sampel, tidak terdapat perbedaan karakterisitik awal antara kelompok DVT COVID-19 (n=44) dan DVT non COVID-19 (n=209), kecuali pada parameter Wells Score. Kelompok DVT COVID-19 memiliki kadar Fibrinogen, D-Dimer, dan aPTT yang lebih tinggi daripada kelompok DVT non COVID-19, baik sebelum terapi maupun sesudah terapi heparanisasi (semua nilai p =0,000). Pada akhir pengamatan, didapatkan dosis heparin terapeutik pada kelompok DVT COVID-19 lebih tinggi dibanding pada kelompok DVT non COVID-19 (30,00 (20,00-40,00)x103 U vs. 25,00 (20,00-35,00)x103 U, p=0,000). Kesimpulan: Kadar fibriongen, D-Dimer, dan dosis heparin terapeutik pada pasien DVT yang menderita COVID-19 lebih tinggi dibandingkan pada pasien DVT yang tidak menderita COVID-19. Inisiasi pemberian dosis heparin terapeutik dosis tinggi dapat dipertimbangkan pada pasien DVT dengan komorbid COVID-19 dan dipandu oleh hasil pemeriksaan biomarker koagulasi darah.

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Introduction: Deep Vein Thrombosis (DVT) has an increasing trend with a coincidence of short-term mortality and long-term morbidity. COVID-19 can cause a hypercoagulable state and predispose to DVT. This study aims to analyze the relationship between fibrinogen levels, D-Dimer, and therapeutic heparin doses based on APTT levels in the presence of COVID-19 in DVT patients. Methods: A comparative study design and a prospective cohort were used to compare levels of fibrinogen, D-Dimer, and therapeutic heparin doses between COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 patients suffering from DVT at Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital in March 2020 – March 2022. Diagnosis of DVT was performed by ultrasound examination and/or computed tomography angiography (CTA) venous phase. The primary variable data and others were obtained from the patient's medical record. An Independent T-test or Mann-Whitney was used to analyze the differences in variable values between the two groups. Results: Of 253 samples, there was no difference in initial characteristics between the DVT COVID-19 (n=44) and non-COVID-19 DVT groups (n=209), except for the Wells Score parameter. The COVID-19 DVT group had higher levels of fibrinogen, D-Dimer, and aPTT than the non-COVID-19 DVT group, both before and after heparinization therapy (all p-values = 0.000). At the end of the follow-up period, the therapeutic dose of heparin in the COVID-19 DVT group was higher than in the non-COVID-19 DVT group (30.00 (20.00-40.00)x103 U vs. 25.00 (20.00-35.00)x103 U, p-value=0.000). Conclusion: The levels of fibrinogen, D-Dimer, and therapeutic doses of heparin in DVT patients who have COVID-19 are higher than in DVT patients who do not have COVID-19. Initiation of a higher therapeutic dose of heparin can be considered in DVT patients with comorbid COVID-19 and guided by the results of blood coagulation biomarkers."

"Latar Belakang. Pasien yang mengalami sepsis dan syok sepsis akan mengalami disfungsi organ akibat reaksi radikal bebas dengan sel endotel mikrovaskular sehingga menyebabkan tingkat morbiditas dan mortalitas yang cukup tinggi. Kondisi difungsi organ dapat diukur melalui perubahan kadar Interleukin-6 (IL-6), C-Reactive Protein (CRP), dan skor Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) yang terjadi pada pasien-pasien tersebut. Pemberian asam askorbat yang memiliki kemampuan sebagai free radical scavenging, diharapkan dapat menurunkan proses peradangan atau inflamasi sehingga terjadi perbaikan fungsi organ. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui peran pemberian asam askorbat 6 gram secara intravena terhadap perubahan kadar IL-6, CRP, dan skor SOFA pada pasien sepsis dan syok sepsis di ruang perawatan intensif.Metodologi. Penelitian ini merupakan uji klinis dengan desain uji acak terkontrol, tersamar tunggal yang dilakukan terhadap pasien usia 18-65 tahun dengan diagnosis sepsis atau syok sepsis dalam perawatan 24 jam pertama masuk intensive care unit (ICU) RSUPN Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo-Jakarta dan ICU RSUP H. Adam Malik-Medan sejak bulan Juli sampai dengan Desember 2019. Sebanyak 49 subyek dirandomisasi menjadi dua kelompok. Kelompok perlakuan (n=23), yang menerima vitamin C 1,5 gram per 6 jam selama 3 hari, dan kelompok kontrol (n=26), yang tidak menerima vitamin C tersebut. Pemeriksaan kadar IL-6, kadar CRP, dan skor SOFA dilakukan pada jam ke-24, 48, dan 72.Hasil. Tidak terdapat perubahan bermakna pada kadar IL-6 (P=0,423), CRP (P=0,080), dan skor SOFA (P=0,809) antara kelompok kontrol dan kelompok perlakuan.Kesimpulan. Pemberian asam askorbat 6 gram secara intravena tidak memberikan perubahan bermakna terhadap kadar IL-6, CRP, dan skor SOFA pada pasien sepsis dan syok sepsis di ruang perawatan intensif.

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Background. Septic and septic shock patients will have organ dysfunctions due to free radical reaction with microvacular endothelial cells, thus morbidity and mortality rate will increase in these conditions. Those organ dysfunctions can be measured through the changes of Interleukin-6 (IL-6) levels, C-Reactive Protein (CRP) levels, and Sequential Organ Failure Assessment (SOFA) scores. The administration of ascorbic acid has a feature known as free radical scavenging. The feature is expected to reduce the inflammatory rate in the organs and to improve the functions. This study was aimed to analyze the intravenous administration effect of 6 grams of ascorbic acid towards the changes of Interleukin-6 levels, C-Reactive Protein levels, and SOFA scores in septic and septic shock patients in intensive care unit

Methods. This was a single blind randomized controlled clinical trial study on patients aged 18-65 years old with septic and septic shock conditions in the first 24 hour care in intensive care unit (ICU) Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital-Jakarta and H. Adam Malik Hospital-Medan from July to December 2019. In total, 49 subjects were included in the study and randomized into two groups. Intervetion group (n=23) received 1.5 gram/6 hours of vitamin C in three days consecutively, whereas the control group (n=26) did not receive the vitamin C. Measurements of IL-6 levels, CRP levels, and SOFA scores were performed in the 24th, 48th, and 72th hour.

Results. There were no significant changes of IL-6 levels (p=0.423), CRP levels (p=0.080), and SOFA scores (p=0.809) between the two groups.

Conclusion. The intravenous administration of 6 grams of ascorbic acid did not significantly affect the changes of Interleukin-6 levels, C-Reactive Protein levels, and SOFA scores in septic and septic shock patients in intensive care unit."

"Pendahuluan. Skor CURB-65 merupakan suatu sistem skor untuk menilai derajat penyakit pneumonia, namun beberapa penelitian menilai performanya kurang baik, sehingga diperlukan faktor prognostik lain sebagai penambah variabel. C-Reactive Protein dinilai mempunyai peran sebagai faktor independen dalam memprediksi mortalitas pasien pneumonia. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menilai peran C-Reactive Protein pada skor CURB-65 dalam memprediksi mortalitas 30 hari pasien pneumonia komunitas rawat inap. Metode. Penelitian ini merupakan studi prospektif berbasis riset prognostik dengan subjek penelitian yaitu pasien pneumonia komunitas yang dirawat di IGD dan gedung A Rumah Sakit dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo RSCM, Jakarta bulan Oktober-November 2017. Keluaran yang dinilai pada penelitian ini yaitu mortalitas pasien dalam 30 hari. Pada subjek dilakukan penilaian performa skor CURB-65 sebelum dan setelah ditambah dengan nilai C-Reactive Protein. Performa diskriminasi dinilai dengan area under the curve AUC. Hasil. Sebanyak 200 pasien ikut serta dalam penelitian ini dengan angka mortalitas 37. Performa diskriminasi skor CURB-65 menunjukkan nilai AUC 70,1 IK 95 0,62-0,77. Setelah ditambahkan dengan nilai C-Reactive Protein berdasarkan cut off ge;48,5 mg/L, didapatkan peningkatan nilai AUC skor CURB-65 menjadi 88,0 IK 95 0,83-0,92. Simpulan. C-Reactive Protein memiliki peran pada skor CURB 65 sebagai prediktor mortalitas 30 hari pasien pneumonia komunitas rawat inap.

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Introduction. CURB 65 is a scoring system to evaluate the degree of pneumonia, but some research identified that its performance to predict mortality was below expectations. Therefore, we need other prognostic factor as an added value. C Reactive Protein has a role as an independent factor to predict mortality in community acquired pneumonia. This study aims to evaluate role of C Reactive Protein in CURB 65 score to predict 30 days mortality in hospitalized community acquired pneumonia patient.

Method. A prospective cohort study was conducted to hospitalized community acquired pneumonia patients in Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta from October to November 2017. Outcome of the study was mortality in 30 days. Performance of CURB 65 score was evaluated before and after addition of C Reactive Protein. Discrimination was evaluated with area under curved AUC.

Results. Total of 200 patients were included in this study with number of mortality was 37. Performance discrimination CURB 65 score was shown by ROC curve, the AUC is 70,1 CI 95 0,62 ndash 0,77. After addition of C Reactive Protein based of cut off ge 48,5 mg L, the AUC score improved to 88,0 CI 95 0,83 ndash 0,92.

Conclusion. C Reactive Protein has a role to CURB 65 score to predict 30 days mortality in hospitalized community acquired pneumonia patient."