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"Tesis ini menginvestigasi pengaruh framing informasi terhadap penerimaan vaksinasi virus Nipah, mengevaluasi peran moderasi dari persepsi risiko individu dan preferensi medis. Penelitian menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan metode eksperimen, dengan framing informasi ditampilkan melalui vignette (gain vs loss) terkait manfaat dan risiko vaksinasi virus Nipah. Penelitian menggunakan desain between subject, melibatkan 376 partisipan (234 perempuan, 142 laki-laki). Temuan menunjukkan bahwa efek framing informasi bersifat dinamis dan tidak konsisten dalam memengaruhi penerimaan vaksinasi. Persepsi risiko berperan sebagai moderator, di mana individu dengan karakteristik persepsi risiko tinggi lebih responsif terhadap loss-framed yang menekankan kerugian dari tidak mendapatkan vaksinasi. Preferensi medis, terbagi menjadi medical maximizer dan medical minimizer, juga memoderasi pengaruh framing informasi. Dalam konteks kesediaan membayar vaksinasi, individu dengan persepsi risiko tinggi lebih bersedia membayar ketika informasi menekankan manfaat, begitu pula dengan medical maximizer yang bersedia membayar lebih tinggi ketika diberikan gain-framed. Penelitian ini memberikan wawasan mendalam tentang kompleksitas faktor psikologis dan preferensi individual dalam pemahaman perilaku vaksinasi. Implikasinya termasuk desain strategi komunikasi kesehatan yang lebih efektif, responsif, dan adaptif untuk menghadapi potensi wabah di masa depan.

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This thesis investigates the impact of information framing on the acceptance of Nipah virus vaccination, evaluating the moderating roles of individual risk perception and medical preferences. The study employs a quantitative approach and experimental methodology, presenting information framing through vignettes (gain vs. loss) concerning the benefits and risks of Nipah virus vaccination. A between-subjects design involves 376 participants (234 females, 142 males). Findings reveal that the effects of information framing are dynamic and inconsistent in influencing vaccination acceptance. Risk perception acts as a moderator, with individuals characterized by high-risk perception being more responsive to loss-framed messages emphasizing the drawbacks of not vaccinating. Medical preferences, categorized as medical maximizers and medical minimizers, also moderate the effects of information framing. In the context of willingness to pay for vaccination, individuals with high-risk perceptions are more willing to pay when the information emphasizes benefits, as are medical maximizers when presented with gain-framed messages. This research provides in-depth insights into the complexity of psychological factors and individual preferences in understanding vaccination behavior. Implications include designing more effective, responsive, and adaptive health communication strategies to address potential outbreaks in the future."

"ABSTRACTPerpindahan penduduk di zaman ini tidak terelakkan. Di satu sisi, hal ini dapat berdampak positif bagi perkembangan ekonomi di sebuah wilayah. Namun di sisi lain, secara psikologis, banyaknya kelompok pendatang dapat berpotensi menimbulkan gesekan antar kelompok, yang salah satunya disebabkan oleh adanya persepsi bahwa eksistensi dan identitas dari kelompok lokal-mayoritas terancam akibat keberadaan kelompok pendatang. Oleh karena itu, untuk menjaga keharmonisan antar kelompok, penting untuk memahami upaya-upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk mengembangkan outgroup attitude yang positif. Penelitian ini berusaha melihat pengaruh persepsi ancaman terhadap outgroup attitude. Lebih lanjut, penelitian ini juga ingin melihat peran multikulturalisme dan polikulturalisme dalam memoderasi hubungan antara persepsi ancaman dan outgroup attitude. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan tersebut, 302 partisipan yang merupakan masyarakat Hindu-Bali dengan rentang usia 18 ndash; 64 tahun, dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Hasil utama penelitian menunjukkan bahwa persepsi ancaman memiliki hubungan yang negatif dan signifikan dengan outgroup attitude B = -0,50, 95 CI [-0,6, -0,39], p < 0,01. Hasil penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa polikulturalisme dapat memoderasi hubungan antara persepsi ancaman dan outgroup attitude secara signifikan B = -0.29, 95 CI [-0.49, -0.09], p < 0.01. Namun demikian, tidak ditemukan efek yang signifikan pada multikulturalisme dalam memoderasi hubungan antara persepsi ancaman dan outgroup attitude B = 0.08, 95 CI [-0.10, 0.25], p > 0.05. Hasil ini mengindikasikan bahwa semakin tinggi ancaman yang dipersepsi individu, maka semakin negatif outgroup attitude atau sikap yang ia tunjukkan kepada kelompok luar. Selain itu, hasil analisis moderasi menunjukkan bahwa polikulturalisme merupakan salah satu ideologi budaya yang efektif dalam menanggulangi dampak persepsi ancaman terhadap outgroup attitude.

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ABSTRACTIn todays world, migration is inevitable. On the one side, this phenomenon has positive impact for the economic development of that respective region. But on the other side, from the perspective of psychology, this massive amount of immigrants could potentially give rise to intergroup conflict, due to the perception that local majority group rsquo s existence and cultural identity are being threatened because of the immigrants presence. Therefore, to maintain intergroup harmony, it is essential to understand how positive outgroup attitude could be developed. This study aimed to examine the effect of threat perception on outgroup attitude. Furthermore, this study also seek to understand the role of multiculturalism and polyculturalism in moderating the effect of threat perception on outgroup attitude. To answer these questions, 302 participants of Balinese Hindu people with the age range of 18 ndash 64 years, are involved in this study. The result of this study found that threat perception has negative and significant relationship with outgroup attitude B 0,50, 95 CI 0,6, 0,39, p 0,01. This study also found that polyculturalism can significantly moderate the relationship between threat perception and outgroup attitude B 0.29, 95 CI 0.49, 0.09, p 0.01. However, there is no significant moderating effect found of multiculturalism on the relationship between threat perception and outgroup attitude B 0.08, 95 CI 0.10, 0.25, p 0.05. These results may indicate that the higher the threat an individual perceives, their outgroup attitude toward other groups would also be more negative. Moreover, moderation analysis shows that polyculturalism is one of cultural ideology that could effectively overcome the impact of threat to outgroup attitude."

"Aktivitas tanggung jawab sosial perusahaan CSR diketahui sebagai salah satu strategi legitimasi perusahaan untuk membangun reputasi. Strategi yang beretika dalam manajemen pajak, dalam hal ini, juga dianggap sebagai bagian dari aktivitas yang menunjukkan tanggung jawab perusahaan kepada stakeholder. Hasil dari penelitian di Indonesia yang membahas hubungan aktivitas CSR dan tindakan agresivitas pajak, sebagai bentuk manajemen pajak yang tidak etis, masih belum meyakinkan. Untuk mengisi gap dari literatur terdahulu terkait aktivitas CSR dan tindakan agresivitas pajak, penelitian ini menyelidiki peran manajemen risiko dalam memoderasi pengaruh aktivitas CSR pada tindakan agresivitas pajak. Dengan menggunakan sampel dari perusahaan yang terdaftar di BEI selama 2013 ndash; 2015, penelitian ini menunjukkan hubungan negatif antara aktivitas CSR dan tindakan agresivitas pajak, yang artinya semakin tinggi aktivitas CSR akan menurunkan tindakan agresivitas pajak. Penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa sistem manajemen risiko memiliki peran dalam memoderasi hubungan antara aktivitas CSR dan tindakan agresivitas pajak, yaitu memperlemah pengaruh negatif aktivitas CSR pada tindakan agresivitas pajak. Hasil penelitian membawa implikasi terkait pentingnya reputasi bagi perusahaan untuk memperoleh legitimasi, sehingga peran regulator menjadi sangat penting. Penelitian ini berkontribusi dengan melibatkan sistem manajemen risiko dalam menilai hubungan antara aktivitas CSR dan tindakan agresivitas pajak, yang dilengkapi dengan pengembangan indeks CSR yang mencerminkan ketentuan dalam GRI G4 serta pengembangan indeks sistem manajemen risiko terkait CSR dan perpajakan berdasarkan daftar pertanyaan pada kategori Risk Oversight dalam ASEAN CG Scorecard.

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Corporate Social Responsibility CSR activities are recognized as one of legitimacy strategies of companies to build a reputation. Ethical tax management strategy, in this context, is regarded part of companies rsquo responsibilities to the stakeholders. Literature on the relationship between CSR activities and unethical tax management activities called as tax aggressiveness behaviors, nevertheless, is still inconclusive. Filing the gap of previous literature on CSR activities and tax aggressiveness behaviors, this study investigates the role of risk management systems in moderating the effect of CSR activities on tax aggressiveness behaviors. Having a sample of Indonesian listed companies during 2013 ndash 2015, this study shows a negative relationship between CSR activities and tax aggressiveness behaviors in companies, meaning that the higher CSR activities leads to the lower companies rsquo tax aggressiveness behaviors. This study also found that risk management systems have role in moderating the relationship between CSR activities and tax aggressiveness behaviors, that are risk management systems weakens the negative effect of CSR activities on tax aggressiveness behaviors. The results bring an implication on the importance of companies rsquo reputation to be legitimate, so the role of regulators become very important. This study contributes to the literature by taking the risk management systems into account in the relationship between CSR activities and tax aggressiveness behaviors, completed by CSR index improvement that reflects the current GRI G4 and risk management systems index improvement that relate to CSR and or taxation based on Risk Oversight category in ASEAN CG Scorecard."

"Penelitian-penelitian sebelumnya melaporkan bahwa paparan terhadap pandangan yang berlawanan bisa menyebabkan polarisasi politik atau depolarisasi politik. Terdapat penelitian lain yang menunjukkan bahwa semakin tingginya need for closure seseorang maka akan semakin konservatif ideologinya. Dari penjelasan tersebut, peneliti menduga bahwa pengaruh paparan berita yang berbeda pandangan terhadap polarisasi politik dimoderasi oleh need for closure. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji apakah pengaruh paparan terhadap pandangan politik yang berlawanan dipengaruhi oleh need for closure. Untuk menjawab pertanyaan penelitian, studi kuasi-eksperimental mixed design dengan 69 partisipan pendukung Jokowi dan Prabowo. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa paparan terhadap pandangan yang berlawanan tidak memengaruhi polarisasi politik. Selain itu, need for closure tidak terbukti dapat memoderasi efek antara paparan terhadap pandangan yang berlawanan terhadap polarisasi politik.

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Previous studies show that exposure to opposing views could cause political polarization. There are other studies which show that individual with high need for closure will have conservative ideology. From the explanation above, researcher hypothesized that the effect of exposure to opposing political news on political polarization is moderated by need for closure. The aim of this study is to know the effect of exposure to opposing views on political polarization that is moderated with need for closure. To answer this research question, a quasi experimental study with mixed design is held with 69 participants that consists of Jokowi and Prabowos supporters. The result of this study shows that exposure to opposing views doesnt affect political polarization in a statistically significant way. Also, this study finds that need for closure doesnt moderate the effect of exposure to opposing views on political polarization."

"Menurut Kahneman dan Tversky dalam Prospect Theory (1979), manusia menempatkan nilai yang lebih besar untuk menghindari kerugian daripada menerima keuntungan. Ada dua message framing yang digunakan sebagai alat promosi dalam pemasaran: loss-framed message yang menekankan kerugian seseorang untuk tidak melakukan suatu tindakan dan gain-framed message yang berfokus kepada manfaat dari melakukan tindakan tertentu.Kedua message framing disini diterapkan pada kasus pemasaran kartu kredit, dimana lossframed message dan gain-framed message dibandingkan dalam hal seberapa baik mereka untuk mempengaruhi intensi responden promosi untuk mendaftar kartu kredit. Lalu, intensi untuk mengajukan permohonan kartu kredit dibawah loss-framed message atau gain-framed message diukur menurut tingkat financial literacy dan risk-attitude seorang responden.Studi ini mengumpulkan sampel di Indonesia dan Amerika Serikat. Setiap responden diberi simulasi pesan promosi dengan gain-framed atau loss-framed dan kemudian diminta untuk mengisi kuesioner tentang intensi untuk mendafta, tingkat financial literacy, risk-attitude, dan pertanyaan tambahan tentang kartu kredit. Ditemukan bahwa loss-framed message berhasil untuk mendapatkan intensi untuk mendaftar yang lebih tinggi di Indonesia tetapi pesan gain-framed message mendapatkan intensi untuk mendaftar yang lebih tinggi di Amerika Serikat. Dalam analisa dan diskusi, terdapat faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi efektivitas loss-framed message dan gain-framed message.

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According to Kahneman and Tversky?s Prospect Theory (1979), people place a greater value upon avoiding loss than upon receiving gain. There are two types of message framing used in product promotion: the loss-framed message that emphasizes the losses a person may incur for not performing an action and the gain-framed message that focuses on the benefits of performing a specific action.These two types of message framing are here applied to the case of credit card marketing, where a loss-framed promotion message and a gain-framed promotion message are compared in terms of how well they influence intention of the promotion respondents to apply for a credit card. Additionally, the intention to apply for a credit card under a loss-framed or gain-framed message is assessed with reference to the respondents? financial literacy level and risk-attitude level.The study collected samples in Indonesia and the USA. Each respondent was given a credit card promotion simulation message with a loss-framed and a gain-framed message and then asked to complete a questionnaire on intention to apply, financial literacy, risk attitude, and additional questions about credit cards. It is found that loss-framed message is shown to obtain more intention to apply in Indonesia but the gain-framed message engendered greater intention to apply in the USA. In the discussion and analysis, we specified factors that may influence the effectiveness of a loss-framed message and gain-framed message."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh manajemen risiko perusahaan terhadap kinerja, serta pengaruh intellectual capital sebagai variabel moderasi, menggunakan Teori Keagenan sebagai dasar teori. Dengan menggunakan sektor perbankan yang tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia tahun 2014-2016 berjumlah 118 observasi, penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa manajemen risiko perusahaan tidak berpengaruh terhadap kinerja pasar, karena pelaksanaannya cenderung hanya memenuhi kewajiban atas peraturan. Praktik manajemen perusahaan belum dilaksanakan secara holistik karena beberapa bank masih mematuhi peraturan bank sentral tentang manajemen risiko secara parsial, dilihat dari skor tingkat manajemen risiko perusahaan pada masing-masing kelompok bank buku 1,2,3, dan 4. Sebaliknya, manajemen risiko perusahaan terbukti positif signifikan mempengaruhi kinerja operasi, karena membantu meminimalisir biaya yang mungkin terjadi akibat kerugian yang harus ditanggung, meningkatkan efisiensi, yang berujung pada peningkatan kinerja operasi. Intellectual capital terbukti signifikan sebagai variabel moderasi dengan pengaruh melemahkan pada pengaruh manajemen risiko perusahaan terhadap kinerja pasar dan operasi,disebabkan oleh pengaruh value added human capital yang negatif dan mengindikasikan ketidakefisienan biaya. Dengan kata lain, intellectual capital memakan biaya besar, sehingga investor menangkap secara negatif.

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This research is intended to investigate the impact of enterprise risk management to firm performance, with intellectual capital as a moderating variable, using Agency Theory as the underlying theory. By using banking sector listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2014-2016 amounted to 118 observations, this study proves that enterprise risk management does not give significant impact to market performance, because its implementation is merely to comply with regulations. The enterprise risk management practices have not yet implemented holistically by the banks, some banks still comply to the central bank's regulations partially, proven by the degree of enterprise risk management in each group of banks. On the other way, enterprise risk management is proven to be positively significant in improving operating performance, because it helps minimize costs that might incur losses that must be borne by the company, increase efficiency, which then improve the operating performance. Intellectual capital is proven to be significant as a moderating variable that has weakening effect, for both market and operating performance. This is due to the negative impact of value added of human capital which indicates the cost inefficiency. Namely, intellectual capital is assumed and considered as costly, so that investors capture it negatively."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami pengaruh risiko kredit secara independen terhadap profitabilitas bank tercatat di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI), serta peran income diversification sebagai moderator hubungan tersebut. Dengan menggunakan data dari 36 bank konvensional selama periode 2009-2021, ditemukan bahwa risiko kredit (NPL) memiliki pengaruh negatif signifikan terhadap profitabilitas bank (ROA). Terlebih, penelitian ini menemukan adanya peran moderasi dari income diversification terhadap hubungan tersebut yang secara signifikan melemahkan pengaruh negatif risiko kredit terhadap profitabilitas bank. Implikasi penelitian ini memberikan pandangan baru bagi praktisi, regulator, dan akademisi, mengenai mitigasi kerugian dari pengambilan risiko kredit yang tinggi melalui income diversification.

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This study aims to understand the independent influence of credit risk on the profitability of banks listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX), as well as exploring income diversification as a moderator of the relationship. Using data from 36 conventional banks during the 2009-2021 period, it was found that credit risk (NPL) has a significant negative effect on bank profitability (ROA). Most importantly, this study finds that there is a moderating role of income diversification on the relationship, which significantly weakens credit risk's negative effect on bank profitability. The implications of this study provide a new perspective for practitioners, regulators, and academics, regarding mitigating losses from taking high credit risk through income diversification."

"Tujuan dari penulisan karya tulis ini adalah untuk menguji dan membangun peran religiusitas dalam penerimaan produk-produk yang dianggap kontroversial atau tabu di beberapa wilayah di dunia. Karya tulis ini secara khusus membahas tingkat religiusitas seseorang yang disebabkan oleh perasaan kagum, dapat mempengaruhi cara mereka untuk memahami jenis produk, ide, atau layanan tertentu yang di beberapa daerah mungkin dianggap tabu ketika diangkat ke percakapan biasa atau penggunaan sehari-hari. Karya tulis ini berpendapat bahwa semakin tinggi tingkat religiusitas seseorang, semakin mereka menjadi enggan menerima produk kontroversial tertentu. Selain itu, efek moderasi dari kekaguman emosi juga dipelajari dalam penelitian ini. Sebuah survei dibangun dan didistribusikan dan 141 jawaban responden telah dikumpulkan dan dianalisis. Namun, hasilnya tidak mendukung hipotesis yang dibuat terkait dengan efek moderat dari emosi kekaguman. Titik fokus dari hasil ini adalah bagi pemasar untuk melaksanakan strategi yang tepat untuk memasarkan produk, ide atau layanan ini dan untuk membangkitkan keterbukaan dalam penerimaan produk, ide, dan layanan ini.

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The purpose of this writing is to test and establish the role of religiosity in the acceptance of products that in some part of the world may considered to be controversial or taboo. The paper specifically addresses the degree of one’s religiosity, induced by the emotion of awe, might influence their way to comprehend a certain types of products, ideas or services that in some areas might be considered as taboo when it is brought to a casual conversation, practice or daily usage. This paper argue that the higher one’s level of religiosity, the more they become reluctant in the acceptance of a certain controversial products. Furthermore, the moderating effect of the emotion awe was also studied in this research. A survey was constructed and distributed and 141 answers of respondents have been collected and analyzed. However, the results did not support the hypothesis made related to the moderating effect of the emotion of awe. The focal point of the results is for marketer to execute appropriate strategies to market these products, ideas or services and to evoke openness in acceptance of these products, ideas and services."

"Perilaku vaksinasi seseorang dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor, diantaranya dapat berupa faktor psikologis yang beruhubungan dengan sikap dan pandangan seseorang terkait vaksin maupun penyakit yang dicegah oleh vaksin tersebut. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif, korelasional yang bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh sikap terhadap vaksin dan persepsi risiko Covid-19 terhadap intensi untuk divaksin. Sebanyak 214 partisipan berusia 18-25 tahun berdomisili di Jabodetabek mengisi kuesioner penelitian. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa sebanyak 18,6% dari varians intensi untuk divaksin dapat dijelaskan oleh sikap terhadap vaksin dan persepsi risiko Covid-19. Sikap terhadap vaksin ditemukan memberikan pengaruh negatif yang signifikan dan persepsi risiko Covid-19 khususnya dimensi perceived likelihood of infection ditemukan memberikan pengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap intensi untuk mendapatkan vaksin.

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A person's vaccination behavior can be influenced by various factors, including psychological factors related to a person's attitudes and perceptions related to vaccines and the diseases that prevented by the vaccine. This research is a quantitative, correlational study that aims to see the influence of attitudes towards vaccines and perceived risk of Covid-19 on vaccination intention. A total of 214 participants aged 18-25 years domiciled in Jabodetabek filled out the research questionnaire. Results showed that 18.6% of the vaccination intention variance can be explained by attitudes towards vaccines and perceived risk of Covid-19. Attitudes towards vaccines and perceived risk of Covid-19, especially the perceived likelihood of infection dimension, were found to be a significant predctors of vaccination intention."

"This research is based on the performance of the members of the Depok people's Representative council (DPRD Depok) that is often strongly criticized by Depok's community for not attending council's meetings and coming late to the office but leaving the office early. With this background the research is intended to analyze the effect of motivation end perception on the emotion to the perception of the role members of the Depok DPRD.

To this end, a number of Theories are applied particularly the motivation Theory by McClelland and emotional shrewdness theory by Golman a well as the Law No. 22/2003 on the Composition of The people's Consultative Assembly (MPR), People's Representative Council (DPR), Regional People's Representative Council (DPRD) and Regency/City People's Representative Council (DPR Kabupaten/Kota).

This research employs correctional survey method on a population of 45 members of DPRD Depok. Due to the limitation of the population, all members of the population are treated as sample of the research which has caused the use of either saturated sample or census sampling. Data Analysis is conducted by descriptive and statistical analyses (correlation, determination coefficient, t test, F test and regression)

The descriptive analysis reveals that generally the perception of the role and motivation amongst members of DPRD Depok is quite good whilst the perception of emotion is rated good. Meanwhile, the result of statistical analysis reveals that motivation and perception of emotion have a positive and significant effect on the perception of the role of members of the DPRD Depok, be they as individual or a group.

Because motivation and perception of emotion have a positive and significant effect on the perception of the role of the DPRD Depok, the effort to boost motivation amongst state apparatus should be done by providing proper reward, be it in the form of financial reward or non financial one. To enhance perception of emotion, a special training on emotional shrewdness by resource person who have expertise on this subject is needed. A further research with the same approach but with different research object and bigger sample is also needed."