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"Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat hubungan konsentrasi PM2,5 udara ambien terhadap gangguan fungsi paru pada pedagang tetap di Terminal Kampung Rambutan Kota Jakarta. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan PM2,5 ambien mencapai 89 μg/m3. Didapatkan proporsi gangguan paru sebesar 79% (tipe retrikstif 73% dan campuran resktriktif dan obstruktif 6%) dari 68 responden. Tidak ada hubungan signifikan antara konsentrasi PM2,5 dengan gangguan fungsi paru pada pedagang di Terminal Kampung Rambutan (p value= 0,215, CI: 0,555-13,700). Ditemukan adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara status merokok (p=0,015) dan waktu kerja (p value = 0,047) dengan gangguan fungsi paru. Tidak terdapat satupun faktor lain seperti riwayat penyakit, durasi kerja, umur dengan kejadian gangguan fungsi paru pada pedagang di Terminal Kampung Rambutan. Selanjutnya diperlukan adanya perbaikan lingkungan terminal, perubahan perilaku merokok dan kerjasama multisektor terkait pencegahan penyakit.

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This study aims to determine the relationship between ambient air PM2.5 concentrations to impaired lung function among sellers at Kampung Rambutan Bus Station, Jakarta City. The results showed ambient PM2.5 reached 89 μg / m3. The proportion of impaired lung function was 79% of 68 respondents (restrictive type 73% and restrictive and obstructive mixture 6%). There was no significant relationship between PM2.5 concentration and impaired lung function in Kampung Rambutan Bus Station seller (p value = 0.215, CI: 0.555-13,700). It was found there is significant relationship between smoking status (p = 0.015) and work time (p value = 0.047) with impaired lung function. There were no other factors such as disease history, duration of work, and age with the occurrence of impaired lung function among sellers at Kampung Rambutan Bus Station. Furthermore, it is necessary to improve the terminal environment, change smoking behavior and multisector cooperation related to disease prevention."

"ABSTRAKPencemaran udara yang mengandung Particulate Matter (PM) baik dalam jangkapanjang maupun pendek telah diketahui dapat menyebabkan kematian dan efekkesehatan terutama pada jantung serta paru-paru. Polisi Satgatur Polda Metro Jayamerupakan salah satu pekerja yang terpajan akan pencemaran udara tersebut. Makadari itu penulis melakukan penelitian pada Polisi Satgatur Polda Metro Jaya untukmengetahui gambaran konsentrasi pajanan PM 10 dan 2,5 yang berasal daripencemaran udara terutama hasil pembakaran kendaraan bermotor di Pos PolisiHarmoni, Bundaran HI dan Bundaran Senayan. Metode yang digunakan dalampenelitian ini adalah dengan menggunakan analisis Gravimetri untuk mengetahuikonsentrasi dari partikulat. Hasil yang diperoleh pada penelitian ini yaitu konsentrasiPM 2,5 dan 10 terbesar di Bundaran Senayan pada shift 1 disaat hari kerja dan jikadibandingkan dengan standar ACGIH, NIOSH dan OSHA belum melebihi nilaiambang batas. Akan tetapi jika dibandingkan dengan WHO, sudah melebihi nilaiambang batas.

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ABSTRACTAir pollution which contained Particulate Matter (PM) both the short and long termhas been known to cause deaths and health effects especially on the heart and lungs.Police Satgatur Polda Metro Jaya is one of the workers who can be exposure.Therefore, this study talked about overview of particulate matter 2,5 and 10 personalexposure which came from air pollution especially gas emissions from motor vehiclesin Police Station Harmoni, Bundaran HI and Bundaran Senayan. The method whichis used in this research is to use Gravimetry analysis to determine the concentration ofparticulates. Results obtained at a biggest concentration of PM 2,5 and 10 is inBundaran Senayan on shift 1 while weekday and if compared to ACGIH, NIOSH andOSHA has not exceeded the quality standards. But if compared to WHO, hasexceeded the quality standards."

"[ABSTRAKPM2,5 merupakan salah satu indikator adanya pencemaran udara dalamruang (indoor air pollution). Indonesia termasuk peringkat kelima jumlah kasus TBterbesar di dunia, dan Kota Cirebon merupakan kota dengan angka penemuan kasusTB paru tertinggi di Provinsi Jawa Barat. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untukmenganalisis hubungan PM2,5 di udara ruang dalam rumah dengan kejadian TBparu BTA positif di Kota Cirebon.Disain penelitian ini adalah kasus kontrol. Kriteria kasus adalah penderitabaru TB Paru yang berusia minimal 15 tahun dan hasil pemeriksaan sputum positifberdasarkan konfirmasi laboratorium Puskesmas periode November 2014 s/d April2015 serta bertempat tinggal di Kota Cirebon. Kriteria kontrol adalah tetanggaterdekat kasus yang tidak menderita TB paru, tidak memiliki gejala klinis mirip TBparu berdasarkan konfirmasi dari petugas puskesmas setempat, berusia minimal 15tahun dan bertempat tinggal di Kota Cirebon. Total jumlah sampel adalah 168responden dengan jumlah kasus adalah 84 responden, dan kontrol 84 responden.Konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara ruang dalam rumah berpengaruh terhadapkejadian TB paru BTA positif di Kota Cirebon (OR 7,034; 95% CI 3,570 ? 13,860).Variabel lainnya yang signifikan adalah jenis kelamin (OR 3,947; 95% CI 2,026-7,692), lama berada di rumah (OR 2,682; 95% CI 1,430 ? 5,028), jenis bahan bakarmemasak (OR 3,260; 95% CI 1,116-9,523), status merokok (OR 3,034; 95% CI1,446 ? 6,365), jenis atap rumah (OR 3,713; 95% CI 1,945 ? 7,089), dan lajuventilasi kamar (OR 2,493; 95% CI 1,264 ? 4,918). Hasil analisis multivariatdengan regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasi PM2,5 dalam rumahberhubungan dengan kejadian TB paru BTA positif (OR adjusted 6,14; 95% CI2,904-12,975) dikontrol oleh variabel jenis kelamin, jenis atap rumah, dan lajuventilasi kamar. Masih banyak rumah yang belum dilengkapi jendela atauventilasinya kurang, atap rumah tidak dilengkapi oleh langit-langit, sehingga masihbanyak rumah yang tidak memenuhi kriteria rumah sehat. Diperlukan upayapeningkatan pengetahuan dan kesadaran masyarakat tentang kriteria rumah sehat,dan masyarakat agar menjaga pola perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat, termasuk tidakmerokok.

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ABSTRACTPM2,5 is one indicator of indoor air pollution. Indonesia is the fifth largestnumber of TB cases in the world, and the city of Cirebon is a city with the highestrate of pulmonary TB case detection in West Java province. The purpose of thisstudy was to analyze the relationship between PM2,5 in the indoor air and theincidence of smear-positive pulmonary TB in the city of Cirebon.The design of this study was a case-control. Cases criteria were patientswith TB minimum age 15 years old and had positive sputum test confirmed withpublic health care laboratory test from November 2014 to April 2015 and lived inCirebon City. Controls criteria were the nearest neighbor not suffering TB and hadno clinical symptomps similar to TB confirmed by the local public health centreofficials, at least 15 years old and resides in Cirebon city. The total number ofsamples is 168 respondents by the number of cases is 84 respondents, and 84control respondents.PM2,5 concentration in the indoor air affected the incidence of smearpositivepulmonary TB in Cirebon city (OR 7.034; 95% CI 3.570 to 13.860).Significant other variables are gender (OR 3.947; 95% CI 2.026 to 7.692), indoorstayperiod (OR 2.682; 95% CI 1.430 to 5.028), the type of cooking fuel (OR 3.260;95% CI 1.116 to 9.523), smoking status (OR 3.034; 95% CI 1.446 to 6.365), typesof roofs (OR 3.713; 95% CI 1.945 to 7.089), and the ventilation rate of the room(OR 2.493; 95% CI 1.264 to 4.918). Results of multivariate analysis using logisticregression modeling showed that concentrations of PM2,5 in the indoor airassociated with the incidence of pulmonary TB smear positive (OR adjusted 6,14;95% CI 2.904 - 12.975) after being controlled by the variable gender, roof type ofthe house, and the ventilation rate of the room. There are still many homes are notequipped with a window or a lack of ventilation, the roof of the house is notcompleted by the ceiling, so there is still a lot of homes that do not meet the criteriafor a healthy home. Necessary efforts to increase knowledge and awareness aboutthe criteria of a healthy home, and the community to maintain a clean and healthylifestyle, including not smoking.;PM2,5 is one indicator of indoor air pollution. Indonesia is the fifth largestnumber of TB cases in the world, and the city of Cirebon is a city with the highestrate of pulmonary TB case detection in West Java province. The purpose of thisstudy was to analyze the relationship between PM2,5 in the indoor air and theincidence of smear-positive pulmonary TB in the city of Cirebon.The design of this study was a case-control. Cases criteria were patientswith TB minimum age 15 years old and had positive sputum test confirmed withpublic health care laboratory test from November 2014 to April 2015 and lived inCirebon City. Controls criteria were the nearest neighbor not suffering TB and hadno clinical symptomps similar to TB confirmed by the local public health centreofficials, at least 15 years old and resides in Cirebon city. The total number ofsamples is 168 respondents by the number of cases is 84 respondents, and 84control respondents.PM2,5 concentration in the indoor air affected the incidence of smearpositivepulmonary TB in Cirebon city (OR 7.034; 95% CI 3.570 to 13.860).Significant other variables are gender (OR 3.947; 95% CI 2.026 to 7.692), indoorstayperiod (OR 2.682; 95% CI 1.430 to 5.028), the type of cooking fuel (OR 3.260;95% CI 1.116 to 9.523), smoking status (OR 3.034; 95% CI 1.446 to 6.365), typesof roofs (OR 3.713; 95% CI 1.945 to 7.089), and the ventilation rate of the room(OR 2.493; 95% CI 1.264 to 4.918). Results of multivariate analysis using logisticregression modeling showed that concentrations of PM2,5 in the indoor airassociated with the incidence of pulmonary TB smear positive (OR adjusted 6,14;95% CI 2.904 - 12.975) after being controlled by the variable gender, roof type ofthe house, and the ventilation rate of the room. There are still many homes are notequipped with a window or a lack of ventilation, the roof of the house is notcompleted by the ceiling, so there is still a lot of homes that do not meet the criteriafor a healthy home. Necessary efforts to increase knowledge and awareness aboutthe criteria of a healthy home, and the community to maintain a clean and healthylifestyle, including not smoking., PM2,5 is one indicator of indoor air pollution. Indonesia is the fifth largestnumber of TB cases in the world, and the city of Cirebon is a city with the highestrate of pulmonary TB case detection in West Java province. The purpose of thisstudy was to analyze the relationship between PM2,5 in the indoor air and theincidence of smear-positive pulmonary TB in the city of Cirebon.The design of this study was a case-control. Cases criteria were patientswith TB minimum age 15 years old and had positive sputum test confirmed withpublic health care laboratory test from November 2014 to April 2015 and lived inCirebon City. Controls criteria were the nearest neighbor not suffering TB and hadno clinical symptomps similar to TB confirmed by the local public health centreofficials, at least 15 years old and resides in Cirebon city. The total number ofsamples is 168 respondents by the number of cases is 84 respondents, and 84control respondents.PM2,5 concentration in the indoor air affected the incidence of smearpositivepulmonary TB in Cirebon city (OR 7.034; 95% CI 3.570 to 13.860).Significant other variables are gender (OR 3.947; 95% CI 2.026 to 7.692), indoorstayperiod (OR 2.682; 95% CI 1.430 to 5.028), the type of cooking fuel (OR 3.260;95% CI 1.116 to 9.523), smoking status (OR 3.034; 95% CI 1.446 to 6.365), typesof roofs (OR 3.713; 95% CI 1.945 to 7.089), and the ventilation rate of the room(OR 2.493; 95% CI 1.264 to 4.918). Results of multivariate analysis using logisticregression modeling showed that concentrations of PM2,5 in the indoor airassociated with the incidence of pulmonary TB smear positive (OR adjusted 6,14;95% CI 2.904 - 12.975) after being controlled by the variable gender, roof type ofthe house, and the ventilation rate of the room. There are still many homes are notequipped with a window or a lack of ventilation, the roof of the house is notcompleted by the ceiling, so there is still a lot of homes that do not meet the criteriafor a healthy home. Necessary efforts to increase knowledge and awareness aboutthe criteria of a healthy home, and the community to maintain a clean and healthylifestyle, including not smoking.]"

"PM2,5 merupakan salah satu indikator penilaian kualitas udara, yang telah dilaporkan sebagai penyebab dari berbagai gangguan kesehatan, salah satunya penurunan fungsi aru -; paru pada manusia. Industri marmer merupakan salah satu industri yang banyak menghasilkan PM2,5 sebagai limbah hasil produksinya. Oleh karena itu diperlukan intervensi kesehatan, khususnya kesehatan lingkungan kerja di industri marmer. Tujuan umum penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan antara konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara tempat industri marmer dengan kejadian penurunan fungsi paru pada pekerjanya. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan dari bulan Februari hingga Juni 2017, menggunakan studi potong lintang. Penelitian ini melibatkan seluruh pekerja industri marmer yang berjumlah 45 orang, dan 5 titik pengukuran kualitas udara di sentra industri marmer X sebagai sampel. Fungsi paru pekerja diukur menggunakan spirometri, sedangkan konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara diukur menggunakan HVAS. Analisis bivariat menggunakan uji statistik chi-square, regresi logistik, dan regresi linear dilakukan untuk melihat hubungan antara faktor lingkungan dengan konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara, konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara dengan kejadian penurunan fungsi paru, serta hubungan antara karakteristik individu dengan kejadian penrunan fungsi paru. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya hubungan signifikan antara kelembaban dengan konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara nilai p = 0,013. Hasil analisis juga menunjukkan hubungan signifikan antara konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara dengan penurunan fungsi paru pada pekerja nilai p = 0,004; OR = 7,56 . Karakteristik individu yang mempengaruhi penurunan fungsi paru pada pekerja antara lain adalah IMT nilai p = 0,011; OR = 6,909 dan masa kerja nilai p = 0,003; OR = 1,292. Kesimpulan dari hasil penelitian ini adalah, terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara konsentrasi PM2,5 di udara tempat industri marmer dengan kejadian penurunan fungsi paru pada pekerja di sentra industri marmer X, Kabupaten Tulungagung, tahun 2017.

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PM2,5 is an air quality indicator, that have been reported as the cause of some health problems, including lung function decline. Marble industry is one of industries that produce PM2,5 as the waste of marble production. Therefore, health intervention, industrial environmental health in particular, is needed as preventive measures.

The objective of this study was to understand about the association between PM2,5 concentration in marble production room and lung function decline among the workers. This study was held on February to June of 2017, using cross sectional study This study involving all of the marble production workers, total of 45 person, and 5 point of air quality measurement in X marble industry as the samples. Lung function decline was measured by spirometry method, while the PM2,5 concentration was measured using High Volume Air Sampler.

Bivariate analysis using chi - square, logistic regression, and linear regression was done to know about the association between environmental factors and PM2,5 concentration, PM2,5 concentration and lung function decline, also between individual characteristics and lung function decline.

The study result showed significant association between humidity and PM2,5 concentration p value 0,013 . The result also showed significant association between PM2,5 concentration and lung function decline among the workers p value 0,004 OR 7,56 . Induvidual characteristics that affected the lung function decline among the workers is BMI p value 0,011 OR 6,909 and the work duration p value 0,003 OR 1,292.

The conclusion of this study is, PM2,5 concentration in marble production room is significantly associated with lung function decline among the workers in X marble production, Tulungagung, 2017. "

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur dan menganalisis konsentrasi pajanan personal PM2.5 pada pekerja Dinas Perhubungan yang bekerja di Terminal Terpadu Kota Depok pada tahun 2015, dengan menggunakan desain studi deskriptif. Pengukuran konsentrasi pajanan personal PM2.5 dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat ukur Leland Legacy Pump dan Sioutas Cascade Impactor. Pengukuran dilakukan selama 8 jam per hari dalam waktu 7 hari. Hasil penelitian menunjukan konsentrasi pajanan personal PM2.5 pada pekerja dishub yang bekerja di lapangan lebih tinggi dari pada yang bekerja di bagian administrasi (dalam ruangan), meskipun keduanya sama-sama sudah melebihi nilai ambang batas (NAB) yang ditetapkan oleh WHO (25 μg/m3), US-EPA (35 μg/m3), dan Peraturan Pemerintah RI No.41 tahun 1999 (65 μg/m3). Selain itu, kualitas udara di lingkungan luar dan dalam terminal juga sudah berada pada kategori yang tidak sehat.

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ABSTRACTThis study purposed to measure and analyze personal exposure concentrations of PM2.5 at the Department of Transportation (DISHUB) workers who work in Integrated Terminal Depok City in 2015, with using descriptive design study. The concentrations measurement of PM2.5 personal exposure is using Leland Legacy Pump and Personal Sampling Sioutas Cascade Impactor. This measurement was performed for 8 hours per day within 7 days. The results showed personal exposure concentrations of PM2.5 on Department of Transportation (DISHUB) workers who work in the field (outdoor) is higher than those working in administration (indoor), although both results are already exceeding the threshold level value (TLV) from WHO (25 μg/m3), US-EPA (35 μg/m3), and Indonesian Government Regulation (PP RI No. 41/1999) (65 μg/m3). In addition, the air quality at outside and inside the bus terminal are also in the unhealthy category."

"ABSTRAKKonsentrasi PM2,5 di udara dapat mempengaruhi kesehatan apabila terhirup olehmanusia karena akan terdeposit ke dalam alveoli yang akan menimbulkan reaksiradang yang mengakibatkan daya kembang paru menjadi terbatas danmenurunkan fungsi paru pada manusia. Pekerja yang bekerja di industri kerajinanbatu ukir mempunyai risiko tinggi terpajan oleh PM2,5 yang dihasilkan dari prosespemotongan, pembentukan dan penghalusan menggunakan gerinda. Penelitian inibertujuan mengetahui hubungan pajanan debu PM2,5 terhadap gangguan fungsiparu pada pekerja dengan desain studi cross sectional yang dilakukan padaseluruh pekerja industri kerajinan batu ukir yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi daneksklusi di desa Allakuang, Kecamatan Maritengngae, Kabupaten Sidrapsebanyak 100 orang. Pemeriksaan faal paru menggunakan spirometri sedangkanpengukuran konsentrasi PM2,5 di ruang kerja menggunakan Haz dust EPAM 5000.Analisis dilakukan dengan menggunakan analisis regresi logistik. Hasil analisismenunjukkan hubungan yang signifikan antara konsentrasi PM2,5 dengangangguan fungsi paru (4,17 ;1,68- 10,38). Faktor lain yang mempengaruhi adalahmasa kerja (2,41; 1,05-5,52) dan kecepatan angin (4,77 ;1,93-11,77). Pada analisismultivariat menunjukkan bahwa pekerja yang bekerja pada lingkungan kerjadengan konsentrasi PM2,5 yang tidak memenuhi syarat memiliki risiko 6,86 kalimenderita gangguan fungsi paru setelah dikontrol dengan variabel kecepatanangin, kelembaban, suhu, masa kerja dan penggunaan APD. Penelitian inimenyimpulkan didapatkan hubungan bermakna antara tingkat pajanan debu batudengan gangguan fungsi paru. Oleh karena itu, perlu dilakukan pengendalianterhadap pajanan debu batu dan hasil penelitian ini diharapkan dapatdipergunakan sebagai acuan pelaksanaan program kesehatan dan keselamatanpada pekerja serta pelaksanaan monitoring lingkungan kerja serta surveilanskesehatan kerja.

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ABSTRACTPM2,5 concentration on the air can affect health when inhaled by human. It will bedeposited in the alveoli that could inflict an inflammatory reaction that causereduce lung volume and decreasing the lung function in human. Workers whowork in stone carving craft industry had a high risk of PM2,5 exposure that resultedfrom the process of cutting, forming and refining by using grinder. This crosssectional study purposed to assess the relationship between exposure of PM2,5 dustand impaired lung function among 100 workers who had fulfilled the inclusionand exclusion criteria in the Allakuang village, Maritengngae subdistrict, SidrapDistrict, South Sulawesi Province. Lung function was assessed by spirometry.PM2,5 concentration in the workspace was assessed by Haz dust EPAM 5000.Logistic regression analysis was carried out and showed a significant correlationbetween the PM2,5 concentration with impaired lung function (4,2; 1,68- 10.38).Another determinant factor was the work duration (2.4; 1,05-5,52) and wind speed(4,8; 1.93-11.77). Multivariate analysis showed that worker who work on thework space with high concentration of PM2,5 tend to have 6.86 times higher risk ofsuffering from impaired lung function after adjusted by wind speed, humidity,temperature, work duration and using PPE (Personal protective equipment). Therewas significant association between the level of dust exposure with impaired lungfunction. Hence, it is necessary to control the dust exposure.The finding of thisstudy could be used as a consideration of health and safety programsimplementation among workers and monitoring the implementation of work spaceand also the surveillance of occupational health."

"ABSTRAKSkripsi ini membahas mengenai dampak dari pajanan PM2,5 yang dihubungkan dengangejala Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis PPOK Eksaserbasi Akut pada pekerja diPelabuhan Tanjung Priok tahun 2018. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian observasi denganpendekatan cross-sectional dan dilakukan pada titik-titik kemungkinan pencemarantinggi terjadi yang melibatkan 75 responden. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwapajanan PM2,5 pada pelabuhan sudah melebihi kadar diberikan WHO yaitu 35 m/m3 danjumlah responden yang mengalami gejala PPOK Eksaserbasi Akut sudah berada di atasprevalensi PPOK DKI Jakarta, yaitu 1,6. Secara statistic, data menunjukkan tidak adakaitan antara PM2,5 dengan kejadian gejala PPOK Eksaserbasi Akut. Temuan inimenyarankan bahwa adanya perbaikan dari perilaku hidup pekerja dan pemberian APD yang tepat.

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ABSTRACTPollution of Particulate Matter2,5 or PM2,5 happens one of them caused by emission.According to studies, one of the places with highest activity that caused the release of thisemission in in ports. Port activities such as delivering goods to and from the port causedhigh amount of PM2,5 to be released to the air and it can affect field worker, one of themis Acute Exacerbation Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease or AECOPD. The studyused observational design study with cross sectional approach to 75 field workers whomhad worked more than 1 year. The statistic showed that the PM2,5 level has exceededWHO limit of 35 m/m3 while showed that there is no significance between PM2,5 andAECOPD Symtomps. The study suggested that health behavior of the workers should bechanged, including using appropriate safety equipment."

"Sopir angkutan kota (angkot) atau mikrolet di Terminal Kampung Melayu, Jakarta Timur, menghabiskan waktu berjam-jam di jalan sehingga terpajan particulate matter (PM2,5) dalam konsentrasi yang tinggi sehingga dapat menyebabkan masalah kesehatan bahkan kematian dini melalui mekanisme stres oksidatif. Malondialdehyde (MDA) adalah salah satu produk sampingan dari stres oksidatif yang menjadi biomarker peroksidasi lipid. Dalam tesis ini, peneliti mengukur PM2,5 pada 130 driver saat mereka mengendarai angkot selama satu kali pulang pergi. Kadar MDA diperiksa dari sampel urin, indeks massa tubuh (IMT) diukur dengan berat dan tinggi badan, dan data variabel lainnya (masa kerja, durasi kerja, kebiasaan merokok, konsumsi alkohol, konsumsi vitamin, konsumsi minuman energi, kebiasaan olahraga, dan trayek angkutan) dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner dan observasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pajanan PM2,5 dan IMT secara signifikan berhubungan dengan kadar MDA (p <0,05). Secara keseluruhan, tesis ini menyarankan pengemudi untuk mengontrol berat badannya agar kadar MDA dalam tubuh tidak meningkat serta agar sopir melindungi kesehatan dirinya.

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Mikrolet drivers in Terminal Kampung Melayu, East Jakarta, who spent long hours on road are exposed to the high concentration of fine particulate matter (PM2,5) which can lead to health problem even premature death through oxidative stress mechanism. Malondialdehyde (MDA) is one of byproduct from oxidative stress which becomes a biomarker of lipid peroxidation. In this study, we measured PM2,5 in 130 drivers while they were driven one round trip. MDA levels were examined from a urine sample, body mass index (BMI) were measured with body weight and height, and other variables data (working year, work duration per day, smoking habit, alcohol consumption, vitamin consumption, energy drink consumption, sports activities, and driving route) were collected by questionnaire and observation. The result shows that PM2,5 exposures and BMI were significantly associated with MDA levels (p <0.05). Overall, these results suggest drivers maintain their body weight to reduce MDA levels and protect drivers' health."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat hubungan PM2.5 terhadap gangguan fungsi paru pada pedagang tetap di Terminal Terpadu Kota Depok. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi PM2.5 ambien mencapai 230μg/m3. Didapatkan gangguan fungsi paru sebesar 77,4% dari 71 sampel (tipe restriktif 74,6%; obstruktif 2,8%). Ditemukan hubungan signifikan antara gangguan fungsi paru dengan intake PM2.5 (p=0,004) dan rokok (kebiasaan merokok(p=0,019); jumlah rokok(p=0,001); dosis inhalasi PM2.5 (p=0,001)). Tidak ditemukan hubungan signifikan antara gangguan fungsi paru dengan umur, jenis kelamin, status gizi, riwayat penyakit, lama kerja, dan masa kerja. Uji multivariat menunjukkan intake PM2.5 memililki pengaruh terbesar terhadap gangguan fungsi paru (p=0,007; OR=6,5). Selanjutnya diperlukan perbaikan lingkungan terminal, perubahan perilaku merokok, dan manajemen risiko melalui ARKL.This study aimed to determine the relationship between PM2.5 and the impaired lung function. PM2.5 ambient concentration reached 230μg/m3. Pulmonary dysfunction was found 77.4% of 71 respondents (74.6% restrictive; 2.8% obstructive). There were significant associations between lung function and PM2.5 intake (p=0.004), smoking (smoking habits (p=0.019); number of cigarettes/day (p=0.001); and PM2.5 inhaled dose from cigarettes (p=0.001)). There were no significant relationships with age, sex, nutritional status, history of illnesses, work-hours, and work-years. Multivariate test revealed PM2.5 intake as a main contributor on lung function impairment (p=0.007; OR=6.5). Further improvements on enviromnent, changes in smoking behavior, and risk management through ERHA study are necessary."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang : Polusi udara diperkirakan menyebabkan 1,2 juta kematian di seluruh dunia pada tahun 2004. Pengemudi mikrolet merupakan salah satu pekerjaan yang terpapar dengan polusi akibat gas buang kendaraan bermotor sehingga berisiko mengalami penurunan fungsi paru.Tujuan: Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat seberapa besar masalah penurunan fungsi paru tersebut dan untuk menentukan tindakan pencegahan baik primer maupun sekunder pada populasi tersebut.Metode : Studi potong lintang pada pengemudi mikrolet dikerjakan di terminal Kampung Melayu 2014. Data didapatkan berdasarkan wawancara, pemeriksaaan tinggi badan dan berat badan, pemeriksaan spirometri, dan gula darah kapiler sewaktu. Studi deskriptif dilakukan dengan melihat proporsi variabel dan penentuan nilai rerata atau median.Hasil : Terdapat 101 orang subjek penelitian yang diambil secara purposive sampling. Proporsi pengemudi mikrolet yang telah bekerja selama lebih dari 10 tahun sebanyak 69,3%, perokok 76,2%, riwayat tuberkulosis 8,9%, sebanyak 44,6% mempunyai glukosa darah kapiler sewaktu > 140 mg/dl dan 34,7% mengalami obesitas. Proporsi pengemudi mikrolet yang mengalami penurunan fungsi paru sebesar 30,7% yang terdiri atas restriksi 90,3% dan obstruksi 9,7%. Penurunan fungsi paru tersebut lebih banyak terlihat pada subjek yang telah bekerja lebih dari 10 tahun dan mempunyai riwayat tuberkulosis paru.Simpulan : Proporsi penurunan fungsi paru didapatkan sebanyak 30,7% yang terdiri atas restriksi 90,3% dan obstruksi 9,7%. Penurunan fungsi paru lebih banyak pada subjek yang bekerja lebih dari 10 tahun dan subjek yang mempunyai riwayat tuberkulosis paru.

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ABSTRACTBackground : Mortality due to air pollution was estimated 1, 2 million deaths world wide in 2004. Microbus drivers are one of job that constantly exposed to air pollution and make them in high risk of lung function deterioration.Purpose: The aim of this study are to know the magnitude of problem of lung function deterioration and to determine actions both primary and secondary prevention in this population.Methods : This is a cross sectional study among microbus drivers that was conducted in Kampung Melayu station in 2014. Data are obtained from interview, measurement of body height and weight, spirometry and random capillary blood glucose. Descriptive analysis was calculated to obtain proportion of each variable and determining the mean or median value.Results : There were 101 subjects that meet the inclusion criteria from purposive sampling. Proportion of micro bus drivers who have worked more for than 10 years are 69,3%; smokers are 76,2%; having history of tuberculosis are 8,9%, around 44,6% have random capillary blood glucose > 140 mg/dl and 34,7% have obesity. There were 30,7% subjects with lung function deterioration (90,3% restriction and 9,7% obstruction). Lung function deterioration was found in those who have worked for more than 10 years, and have history of tuberculoses.Conclusion: The proportion of Lung function deterioration is 30,7% consisting of 90,3% restriction and 9,7% obstruction. Lung function deterioration was found mostly in those who have worked for more than 10 years, and those who have history of tuberculoses."