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"Terapi kardiovaskular merupakan aspek penting dalam pengobatan penyakit kardiovaskular yang umumnya kompleks dan memerlukan perhatian khusus dalam peresepan obat. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis terapi kardiovaskular berdasarkan resep yang diterima di Apotek Roxy serta mengidentifikasi pengaruh peresepan proton pump inhibitor (PPI) terhadap terapi kardiovaskular. Analisis dilakukan untuk menilai pola peresepan obat kardiovaskular, proporsi pasien yang menerima PPI sebagai bagian dari terapi, dan hubungan antara peresepan PPI dengan jenis dan dosis obat kardiovaskular yang digunakan. Selain itu, diperhatikan pula aspek administrasi, farmasetik, dan klinis dari resep yang diambil. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan retrospektif dengan mengumpulkan data resep dari pasien yang mengambil obat kardiovaskular di Apotek Roxy selama periode tertentu. Data yang dikumpulkan mencakup jenis obat kardiovaskular yang diresepkan, dosis, frekuensi, serta apakah PPI juga diresepkan bersamaan dengan obat kardiovaskular. Hasil analisis diketahui bahwa resep telah memenuhi aspek farmasetik dan aspek klinis. Namun, pada aspek administrasi terdapat data seperti berat badan pasien, nomor telepon, dan tanggal penulisan resep yang tidak tercantum di dalam resep. Kemudian, diketahui pula bahwa penggunaan obat golongan proton pump inhibitor dan antiplatelet perlu dilakukan monitoring dan perlu disesuaikan dengan kebutuhan pasien. Temuan ini dapat berguna bagi profesional kesehatan dalam meningkatkan pemahaman tentang interaksi obat dan potensi efek samping yang perlu diperhatikan saat meresepkan kombinasi obat kardiovaskular dan PPI. Untuk itu, dari penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan rekomendasi bagi Apotek Roxy dan profesional kesehatan dalam meningkatkan kualitas peresepan obat kardiovaskular dan memastikan terapi yang optimal bagi pasien dengan kondisi kardiovaskular.

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disease which is generally complex and requires special attention in drug prescribing. This study aims to analyze cardiovascular therapy based on prescriptions received at Roxy Pharmacy and to identify the effect of proton pump inhibitor (PPI) prescriptions on cardiovascular therapy. Analyzes were performed to assess patterns of cardiovascular drug prescribing, the proportion of patients receiving PPIs as part of their therapy, and the relationship between PPI prescriptions and the type and dose of cardiovascular drugs used. In addition, administrative, pharmaceutical, and clinical aspects of the prescriptions taken were also considered. This research method used a retrospective approach by collecting prescription data from patients who took cardiovascular drugs at the Roxy Pharmacy during a certain period. The data collected included the type of cardiovascular drug prescribed, dosage, frequency, and whether PPIs were also prescribed concomitantly with cardiovascular drugs. The results of the analysis revealed that the prescription met the pharmaceutical and clinical aspects. However, in the administrative aspect there are data such as the patient's weight, telephone number, and the date of writing the prescription that is not included in the prescription. Then, it is also known that the use of proton pump inhibitor and antiplatelet class drugs needs to be monitored and needs to be adjusted to the needs of the patient. These findings could be useful to healthcare professionals in increasing understanding of drug interactions and potential side effects to watch for when prescribing combinations of cardiovascular drugs and PPIs. For this reason, this research is expected to provide recommendations for Roxy Pharmacy and health professionals in improving the quality of cardiovascular drug prescribing and ensuring optimal therapy for patients with cardiovascular conditions."

"Penyakit kardiovaskular adalah salah satu penyebab utama kematian dan kecacatan secara global, dimana diperkirakan 17,9 juta orang meninggal akibat penyakit kardiovaskular pada tahun 2019, mewakili 32% dari semua kematian global. Penyakit kronis lainnya yang memiliki prevalensi tinggi di dunia adalah diabetes, dimana sekitar 1,5 juta kematian secara langsung dikaitkan dengan diabetes setiap tahunnya. Kedua penyakit tersebut dapat saling berkaitan, karena seiring berjalannya waktu, gula darah tinggi dapat merusak pembuluh darah dan saraf yang mengendalikan jantung. Penderita diabetes juga lebih cenderung memiliki kondisi lain yang meningkatkan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular, seperti tekanan darah tinggi dapat dapat merusak dinding arteri, maka diperlukan kajian terapi farmakologis yang dilakukan oleh apoteker untuk penyakit tersebut dalam peresepannya, untuk memastikan bahwa pasien mendapatkan terapi yang sesuai, tepat dosis, waktu, dan indikasinya untuk mengurangi terjadinya perburukan gejala dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup pasien. Laporan praktik kerja ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis terapi kardiovaskular oleh dokter berdasarkan resep yang masuk di Apotek Roxy Ciledug serta pengaruh obat – obatan kardiovaskular terhadap penyakit diabetes, mengkaji resep serta tatalaksana dan obat pilihan yang digunakan untuk pasien kardiovaskular, serta memahami pengaruh obat kardiovaskular terhadap penyakit diabetes. Pada resep yang disampling, terdapat delapan obat yang diresepkan dan terdapat resiko interaksi obat antara empagliflozin dan obat diuretik (furosemid, spironolakton, dan hidroklorotiazid), serta interaksi antar sesama obat diuretik, dan diketahui bahwa pengaruh obat diabetes dengan obat kardiovaskular dapat bersifat kardioprotektif

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Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death and disability globally, with an estimated 17.9 million people dying from cardiovascular disease in 2019, representing 32% of all global deaths. Another chronic disease that has a high prevalence in the world is diabetes, with an estimated 1.5 million deaths directly attributed each year. The two diseases can be linked, as over time, high blood sugar can damage the blood vessels and nerves that control the heart. People with diabetes are also more likely to have other conditions that increase the risk of cardiovascular disease, such as high blood pressure which can damage the artery walls, hence the need for pharmacological therapy review by pharmacists for these diseases in their prescribing, to ensure that patients get the appropriate therapy. This work practice report aims to analyze cardiovascular therapy by doctors based on incoming prescriptions at Roxy Ciledug Pharmacy and the effect of cardiovascular drugs on diabetes, review prescriptions and management and selected drugs used for cardiovascular patients, and understand the effect of cardiovascular drugs on diabetes. In the sampled prescriptions, eight drugs were prescribed and there was a risk of drug interactions between empagliflozin and diuretic drugs (furosemide, spironolactone, and hydrochlorothiazide), as well as interactions between diuretic drugs, and it was found that the effect of diabetes drugs with cardiovascular drugs could be cardioprotective."

"Penyakit kardiovaskular adalah penyebab utama kematian secara global, merenggut sekitar 17,9 juta jiwa setiap tahunnya. Penyakit kardiovaskular adalah sekelompok penyakit pada jantung dan pembuluh darah, termasuk penyakit jantung koroner, penyakit serebrovaskular, penyakit jantung rematik, dan lain-lain. Berdasarkan Permenkes No. 73 Tahun 2016 tentang Standar Pelayanan Kefarmasian di Apotek, salah satu pelayanan farmasi klinik yang dilakukan adalah pengkajian resep. Tujuan pengkajian resep adalah untuk mencegah kesalahan pengobatan dan menganalisis masalah terkait obat. Kegiatan pengkajian resep meliputi administrasi, kesesuaian farmasetik dan pertimbangan klinis. Berdasarkan latar belakang tersebut, dilakukan identifikasi salah satu resep terapi kardiovaskular yang masuk di Apotek Roxy Ciledug pada bulan Maret 2023. Metode yang dilakukan dengan mengobservasi resep di bulan Maret 2023, kemudian dipilih satu sampel resep yang akan ditelaah lebih lanjut. Lalu, dilakukan analisa resep berdasarkan telaah aspek administratif, farmasetik, dan klinis. Berdasarkan analisa sampel resep yang masuk di Roxy Ciledug pada bulan Maret dapat disimpulkan bahwa kajian administratif dan farmasetika resep belum lengkap. Berdasarkan kajian klinis semua obat tepat indikasi dan dosis, dan aturan pakai. Penggunaan obat herbesser dan atorvastatin perlu diperhatikan karena adanya interaksi yang dapat meningkatkan risiko rabdomiolisis, sehingga penggunaan keduanya harus diberi jeda dan dipantau efek samping yang mungkin timbul. Penggunaan bersamaan Clopidogrel dan Esomeprazole dapat menyebabkan penurunan konsentrasi plasma dari metabolit aktif clopidogrel dan penurunan aktivitas antiplatelet. Interaksi keduanya dapat dicegah dengan menjeda waktu pemberian.

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Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death globally, claiming an estimated 17.9 million lives each year. Cardiovascular disease is a group of diseases of the heart and blood vessels, including coronary heart disease, cerebrovascular disease, rheumatic heart disease, and others. Based on Permenkes No. 73 of 2016 concerning Pharmaceutical Service Standards in Pharmacies, one of the clinical pharmacy services carried out is prescription review. The purpose of prescription reviews is to prevent medication errors and analyze drug-related problems. Prescription review activities include administration, pharmaceutical suitability and clinical considerations. Based on this background, identification of one of the cardiovascular therapy prescriptions entered at the Roxy Ciledug Pharmacy was carried out in March 2023. The method was carried out by observing prescriptions in March 2023, then selecting a sample recipe to be studied further. Then, prescription analysis was carried out based on administrative, pharmaceutical, and clinical aspects. Based on an analysis of prescription samples that entered Roxy Ciledug in March, it can be concluded that the administrative and pharmaceutical prescription studies were incomplete. Based on clinical aspects, all drugs have the right indications and dosages, and the rules for use. It is necessary to pay attention to the use of the drugs Herbesser and atorvastatin because there are interactions that can increase the risk of rhabdomyolysis, so the use of both of them must be paused and monitored for side effects that may arise. The interaction between clopidogrel and esomeprazole can lead to a decrease in the plasma concentration of the active metabolite of clopidogrel and a decrease in its antiplatelet activity. The interaction between the two can be prevented by delaying the time of administration."

"Obat golongan proton pump inhibitor (PPI) digunakan secara luas dalam berbagai gangguan pada saluran gastrointestinal terkait asam lambung dan sering digunakan bersama dengan obat lain sehingga meningkatkan risiko terjadinya interaksi obat. Tujuan dilakukannya penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis potensi interaksi obat golongan PPI pada pasien rawat jalan di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto periode Juli-Desember 2015. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif analitik-retrospektif pada data resep dan rekam medis pasien rawat jalan periode Juli-Desember 2015 yang menerima obat golongan PPI dan satu atau lebih item obat lain yang dipilih dengan metode pursposive sampling. Analisis dilakukan terhadap 400 lembar resep yang berasal dari 192 pasien. Berdasarkan penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terapi obat golongan PPI pada pasien rawat jalan di RSPAD Gatot Soebroto periode Juli-Desember 2015 memiliki potensi interaksi obat pada 324 lembar resep (81,00%) dengan total kasus sebanyak 475 kasus yang terdiri dari 42 kasus interaksi mayor, 138 kasus interaksi moderat dan 295 kasus interaksi minor. Terdapat 14 obat yang memiliki potensi interaksi dengan obat golongan PPI antara lain mikofenolat mofetil, klopidogrel, kilostazol, warfarin, besi, levotiroksin, propranolol, siklosporin, simvastatin, atorvastatin, sianokobalamin, sukralfat, teofilin dan antasida.

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Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) drugs are widely used for the treatment of gastrointestinal tract with gastric-acid disorder and usually used concomitant with other drugs so that increase the risk of drug interaction. This study aimed to analyse the potential of PPI drug interaction in outpatients at Gatot Soebroto Army Centre Hospital period of July-December 2015. This study use analytical descriptive-retrospective method on prescriptions and medical records of outpatients who get PPI drugs with one or more other drugs in the period of July-December 2015, which were selected by purposive sampling method. This analysis study was conducted on 400 prescriptions from 192 patients.

This study concluded that PPI therapy in outpatients at RSPAD Gatot Soebroto period of July-December 2015 had potential drug interaction on 324 prescriptions (81,00%) with total of 475 cases, which are consisted of 42 cases of major interactions, 138 cases of moderate interactions, and 295 cases of minor interactions. There are 14 drugs that can potentially interact with PPI drugs, such as: mycophenolate mofetil, clopidogrel, cilostazol, warfarin, iron, levothyroxine, propranolol, cyclosporine, simvastatin, atorvastatin, cyanocobalamin, sucralfate, theophylline and antacid."

"Latar belakang: Refluks laringofaring LPR merupakan penyakit komorbid laringomalasia terbanyak, sehingga tata laksana laringomalasia mencakup penanganan LPR. Tujuan: Mengetahui karakteristik pasien, hubungan keteraturan berobat, dosis penghambat pompa proton PPI , dan faktor lain yang memengaruhi perbaikan klinis laringomalasia. Metode: Penelitian kohort retrospektif berdasarkan rekam medis. Subjek penelitian dipilih secara total sampling. Hasil: Total subjek adalah 95 rekam medis. Usia median pasien 3 bulan. Mayoritas pasien adalah lelaki, lahir cukup bulan, berat lahir cukup. Pada awal diagnosis, sebagian besar berstatus gizi baik, tidak gagal tumbuh, mengalami laringomalasia tipe 1, berderajat klinis sedang, skor gejala laringomalasia positif LSS , mengalami gejala refluks, tanpa pipa nasogastrik, tidak teratur berobat, dan mendapat PPI ge;1,0mg/kg/hari. Penyakit penyerta yang terbanyak adalah kelainan neurologi dan yang terjarang adalah penyakit refluks. Pasien yang berobat teratur mengalami perbaikan status gizi p=0,020 , derajat laringomalasia p=0,043 , nilai LSS p=0,002 , gejala refluks.

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Background Laryngopharyngeal refluks LPR is laryngomalacia rsquo s most common comorbidity. Laryngomalacia management includes LPR treatment. Aim To describe the characteristics of patients, relationships of compliance, proton pump inhibitor PPI dosage, and other factors that contribute to clinical improvements. Methods Cohort retrospective study based on medical records. Subjects is recruited by total sampling. Results Total subject consists of 95 medical records. Median age is 3 months, majority are boys, born aterm, normal birth weight. Most patients are well nourished, thrive well, experienced type 1 laryngomalacia, moderate degree, positive laryngomalacia symptom score LSS , experienced reflux symptoms, did not require feeding tube, poor compliance to medication, and prescribed PPI ge 1,0mg kg day. The most common recorded comorbidity is neurologic abnormality, while the most infrequent is reflux. Good compliance is related to improvements of nutritional status p 0,020 , degree p 0,043 , LSS p 0,002 , reflux symptom p"

"Proton pump inhibitor (PPI) is the strongest inhibitor to gastric acid secretion. PPI is effective in all gastric acid disorders, such as: peptic ulcer, gastroesofageal reflux disease, non steroid anti inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) gastropathy, and zollinger-ellison syndrome. Several studies comparing one PPI to another. Although some differences have been reported, there are small differences with unclear clinical importance. PPI has side effects that may be related to diarrhea due to clostridium difficile, pneumonia, hip fracture, vitamin b12 deficiency, and IgE mediated allergic reaction. Several studies revealed strong association but have limitation in design and sampel size. PPI therapy should be according to indication, dose, and appropriate period."

"Latar belakang: Ventilator-associated pneumonia VAP merupakan jenis infeksi nosokomial terbanyak pada pasien pediatric intensive care unit PICU. VAP menyebabkan pemanjangan durasi ventilasi mekanik, durasi hospitalisasi, dan kematian. Omeprazole direkomendasikan sebagai profilaksis dan pengobatan stress ulcer pada pasien PICU dengan ventilator. Omeprazole diduga dapat meningkatkan kejadian VAP melalui peningkatan kolonisasi bakteri lambung. Namun, belum banyak studi yang meneliti pengaruh ini pada populasi pasien PICU. Tujuan: Mengetahui pengaruh pemberian omeprazole terhadap kejadian VAP pada Pasien PICU di RSUPN Dr. Ciptomangunkusumo. Metode: Studi ini dilaksanakan dengan metode cross-sectional dengan 58 subjek. Sampel diambil dari rekam medis pasien PICU tahun 2014 hingga 2016. Subjek terdiri dari dua kelompok, yaitu pasien PICU dengan ventilator yang diberi omeprazole dan tidak diberi omeprazole. Hasil: Karakteristik subjek meliputi jenis kelamin, usia, status gizi, faktor risiko potensial, dan keluaran berupa durasi hospitalisasi, durasi intubasi, dan kematian. Sejumlah 9 dari 29-31 subjek yang diberi omeprazole mengalami VAP dan 3 dari 29-10 subjek yang tidak diberi omeprazole mengalami VAP. Uji Chi-square menunjukkan hubungan tidak bermakna antara omeprazole dan kejadian VAP dengan nilai p=0.105 dan prevalence ratio PR 3.00-95 CI 0.903-9.970. Diskusi: Hasil penelitian ini menyatakan bahwa pemberian omeprazole tidak berpengaruh terhadap kejadian VAP pada pasien PICU.

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Background: Ventilator associated pneumonia VAP is the most common nosocomial infection among pediatric intensive care unit PICU patients. VAP prolongs duration of intubation and hospitalization and increases mortality. Omeprazole is often used as prophylaxis and therapy for stress ulcer, a common disease in PICU patients. Omeprazole is suspected to increase VAP incidence through gastric colonization.

Aim: To determine the effect of omeprazole on incidence of ventilator associated pneumonia among RSUPN Dr. Ciptomangunkusumo PICU Patients.

Methods: This is a cross sectional study with 58 subjects obtained from PICU medical records from 2014 to 2016. Subjects were put into two categories 1 PICU patients who received omeprazole, and 2 PICU patients who did not receive omeprazole.

Results: Subject characteristics include sex, age, nutritional status, potential risk factors, and outcome duration of hospitalization, duration of intubation and mortality. A number of 9 of 29 31 patients who received omeprazole developed VAP and 3 of 29 10 patients who did not receive omeprazole developed VAP. Chi square test showed no significant difference in the incidence of VAP in the two categories p 0.105 and prevalence ratio PR 3.00 95 CI 0.903 9.970.

Discussion: Omeprazole does not affect the incidence of VAP on PICU patients in this study."

"[ABSTRAKLatar Belakang : Sindrom frailty berkaitan dengan angka morbiditas dankematian yang lebih tinggi, sehingga dipakai sebagai prediktor kesehatan padaorang usia lanjut (usila). Polifarmasi sebagai salah satu faktor risiko sindromfrailty, dapat berkaitan dengan obat PPI yang sering diberikan pada usila, atasindikasi adanya keluhan gangguan saluran cerna bagian atas. Sampai saat inibelum ada penelitian yang mempelajari hubungan PPI jangka panjang dansindrom frailty pada usila. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat memberikan datamengenai penggunaan PPI jangka panjang (≥ 6 bulan) terhadap risiko sindromfrailty pada usila.Metode : Desain studi kasus kontrol dengan kriteria inklusi subjek penelitian 60tahun ke atas dan berstatus kognitif baik. Kriteria ekslusi adalah data yg tidaklengkap atau terdapat kontraindikasi PPI. Kasus adalah usila terdiagnosis Frailtymenurut FI-40 item dan kontrol adalah usila yang tidak frailty berdasarkaninstrumen yang sama. Pengambilan data primer termasuk status frailty telahdilakukan bulan Maret-Juni 2013 oleh Seto E dan Sumantri S. Pengambilan datasekunder yang digunakan pada penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Oktober-November 2014 dari data primer tersebut, ditambah dengan data dari rekam medispoliklinik Geriatri dan poliklinik diabetes RS Cipto Mangunkusumo.Hasil : Didapatkan 225 subjek (75 kasus:150 kontrol), 59,6% berjenis kelaminperempuan (rerata usia 72,14 tahun; simpang baku ± 6,4 tathun) dan 47,1%berpendidikan tinggi. Subjek yang berpendidikan rendah, berstatus cerai mati,berstatus nutrisi lebih buruk, tidak mandiri, memerlukan caregiver, hidup tidakberkecukupan dan kondisi kesehatan yang lebih buruk lebih banyak didapatkanpada kelompok frailty dibandingkan kelompok yang tidak frail. Proporsipengguna PPI Jangka Panjang sebesar 40,9%. Penggunaan PPI jangka panjangmeningkatkan risiko sindrom frailty (Crude OR 2,15; IK 95% 1,22-3,78; p<0,007)dengan adjusted OR 1,83 (IK 1,0-3,36) terhadap variabel nutrisi dan merokok.Kesimpulan : Penggunaan PPI jangka panjang (≥ 6 bulan) secara independenmeningkatkan salah satu risiko sindrom frailty pada usila.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Frailty syndrome as being used as the newest elderly healthpredictor, associated with higher morbidity and mortality. PPI are often used inelderly due to presence of upper gastrointestinal complaints, and related withpolypharmacy as one of the risk factor for frailty syndrome. No study has studiedthe relationship of long term PPI and frailty syndrome in elderly. The objective ofthe study is to find whether long term use of PPI (≥ 6 months) would increase therisk of frailty syndrome in the elderly.Methods: A case control study includes subjects 60 years and above with goodcognitive status. All subject with history of hypersensitivity of PPI is excluded.Elderly diagnosed as frailty based in FI-40 item is defined as cases, whileindividuals that are not frailty are classified as the control. Primary data(included frailty status) was collected on March-June 2013 by Seto E andSumantri S, et al. Secondary data used in the current study was gathered onOctober-November 2014, from the primary data above and from the medicalrecord taken from geriatric and diabetic outpatient clinics Cipto MangunkusumoHospital.Result: There were 225 subjects collected (75 cases : 150 controls), 59,6% werefemale (mean age 72,14 years old, SD ± 6,4 years) and 47,1% with highereducation. Lower education, divorced, poor nutrition, dependent, neededcaregiver, economicaly insufficient, more comorbidity and poor health conditionare seen in frailty group.The proportion of long term PPI use were 40,9%. Longterm PPI medication increase the risk of frailty syndrome (Crude OR 2,154; CI95% 1,225-3,778; p<0,007) with adjusted OR 1,83 (CI 95% 1,02-3,37) afteradjusting to nutrition and smoking variables.Conclusion: Long term use of PPI significantly increase the risk of frailtysyndrome compared to the non-users.;Background: Frailty syndrome as being used as the newest elderly healthpredictor, associated with higher morbidity and mortality. PPI are often used inelderly due to presence of upper gastrointestinal complaints, and related withpolypharmacy as one of the risk factor for frailty syndrome. No study has studiedthe relationship of long term PPI and frailty syndrome in elderly. The objective ofthe study is to find whether long term use of PPI (≥ 6 months) would increase therisk of frailty syndrome in the elderly.Methods: A case control study includes subjects 60 years and above with goodcognitive status. All subject with history of hypersensitivity of PPI is excluded.Elderly diagnosed as frailty based in FI-40 item is defined as cases, whileindividuals that are not frailty are classified as the control. Primary data(included frailty status) was collected on March-June 2013 by Seto E andSumantri S, et al. Secondary data used in the current study was gathered onOctober-November 2014, from the primary data above and from the medicalrecord taken from geriatric and diabetic outpatient clinics Cipto MangunkusumoHospital.Result: There were 225 subjects collected (75 cases : 150 controls), 59,6% werefemale (mean age 72,14 years old, SD ± 6,4 years) and 47,1% with highereducation. Lower education, divorced, poor nutrition, dependent, neededcaregiver, economicaly insufficient, more comorbidity and poor health conditionare seen in frailty group.The proportion of long term PPI use were 40,9%. Longterm PPI medication increase the risk of frailty syndrome (Crude OR 2,154; CI95% 1,225-3,778; p<0,007) with adjusted OR 1,83 (CI 95% 1,02-3,37) afteradjusting to nutrition and smoking variables.Conclusion: Long term use of PPI significantly increase the risk of frailtysyndrome compared to the non-users., Background: Frailty syndrome as being used as the newest elderly healthpredictor, associated with higher morbidity and mortality. PPI are often used inelderly due to presence of upper gastrointestinal complaints, and related withpolypharmacy as one of the risk factor for frailty syndrome. No study has studiedthe relationship of long term PPI and frailty syndrome in elderly. The objective ofthe study is to find whether long term use of PPI (≥ 6 months) would increase therisk of frailty syndrome in the elderly.Methods: A case control study includes subjects 60 years and above with goodcognitive status. All subject with history of hypersensitivity of PPI is excluded.Elderly diagnosed as frailty based in FI-40 item is defined as cases, whileindividuals that are not frailty are classified as the control. Primary data(included frailty status) was collected on March-June 2013 by Seto E andSumantri S, et al. Secondary data used in the current study was gathered onOctober-November 2014, from the primary data above and from the medicalrecord taken from geriatric and diabetic outpatient clinics Cipto MangunkusumoHospital.Result: There were 225 subjects collected (75 cases : 150 controls), 59,6% werefemale (mean age 72,14 years old, SD ± 6,4 years) and 47,1% with highereducation. Lower education, divorced, poor nutrition, dependent, neededcaregiver, economicaly insufficient, more comorbidity and poor health conditionare seen in frailty group.The proportion of long term PPI use were 40,9%. Longterm PPI medication increase the risk of frailty syndrome (Crude OR 2,154; CI95% 1,225-3,778; p<0,007) with adjusted OR 1,83 (CI 95% 1,02-3,37) afteradjusting to nutrition and smoking variables.Conclusion: Long term use of PPI significantly increase the risk of frailtysyndrome compared to the non-users.]"

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang: Laringomalasia merupakan kondisi kelemahan struktursupraglotis saat inspirasi sehingga menyebabkan sumbatan jalan nafas atas danmenimbulkan gejala stridor inspirasi. Stridor semakin memburuk pada posisiterlentang. Penyakit penyerta laringomalasia umumnya adalah reflukslaringofaring (RLF) yaitu 25-68%. RLF adalah pergerakan isi lambung secararetrograd menuju laring-faring, menimbulkan gejala dan tanda klinis yangbervariasi. Pemberian omeperazol dapat memperbaiki gejala regurgitasi danstridor serta memperpendek durasi perjalanan alamiah laringomalasiaTujuan: Mengetahui efektifitas omeperazol pada bayi dan anak denganlaringomalasia, mengetahui prevalensi RLF pada laringomalasia, ada tidaknyaRLF berdasar nilai reflux finding score (RFS) menurut Belafsky dan mengetahuiberat ringan gejala laringomalasia berdasar nilai laryngomalacia symptom score(LSS).Metode: Uji controlled trials pada 65 subyek laringomalasia, dibagi kedalamkelompok 42 subyek yang mendapat omeperazol 2 x 2 mg/kg/bb dan 23 subyekyang mendapat plasebo selama 3 bulanHasil : Kelompok omeperazol dengan gejala berat 58,8% mengalami perbaikandibanding kelompok plasebo 66,7% dengan nilai p = 0,716. Kelompokomeperazol dengan RLF positif 58,3% mengalami perbaikan dibandingkelompok plasebo 75% dengan nilai p = 1.0Simpulan : Prevalensi RLF positif sebesar 24,6% dan gejala berat sebesar 44,6%.Efektifitas pemberian omeperazol selama 3 bulan belum terbukti efektif dibandingplasebo berdasarkan perbaikan nilai LSS, RFS dan status gizi. Namun hasiltersebut hanya berlaku sebagai kesimpulan penelitian pendahuluan karena tidakoptimalnya besar sampel dan randomisasi subyek. Perlu penelitian lanjutan untukmembuktikan efektifitas omeperazol pada perbaikan skor LSS, skor RFS danstatus gizi bayi dan anak dengan laringomalasia

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ABSTRACTBackground: laryngomalacia is condition of floopy supraglottis stucture inrespiratory that trigger obstruction the upper airway and it causes symptom stridorinspiratory. Stridor can get worse in face up position. In general, the comorbidityof laryngomalacia is laryngopharyngeal reflux (LPR) about 25-68%. LPR is themovement of gaster retrogradely toward laryngopharyngeal and it triggers varioussymptom and clinical sign. The giving of omeperazole can improve the symptomof regurgitation and stridor and shorten the duration of natural disease oflaryngomalaciaObjective: Knowing the effectivity of giving omeperazole to the babies andchildren with laryngomalacia, knowing the prevalance of LPR to thelaryngomalacia, knowing the positibility of LPR based on the value of refluxfinding score (RFS) according to Belafsky and knowing severity of symptomlaryngomalacia based on the value of laryngomalacia symptom score (LSS).Method: Test on controlled trials on 65 samples with laryngomalacia and isdivided into 42 groups that have been given omeperazole 2x2 mg/kg/bw and 23samples that have been given placebo for 3 monthResult: Omeperazol groups with severe symptom showed the improvement of58,8% compared to placebo groups 66,7% with p = 0.716. Omeperazole groupswith RLF positive showed the improvement of 58,3% compared to placebogroups 75 % with p = 1.0Conclusion: The Prevalence of positive LPR based on RFS is 24,6% and withsevere symptom is 44,6%. The effectivity of giving omeperazole for 3 month hasnot proved effective compared to placebo based on the improvement of valueLSS, RFS and nutrition status. However such result is only valid for theconclusion of initial research because the size of samples were not either optimalor randomized. It is necessary to conduct research continution to prove theeffectivity of giving omeperazole on the improvement of LSS score, RFS scoreand nutrition status of babies and children with laryngomalacia"

"Penghambat pompa proton merupakan golongan obat yang telah banyak digunakan untuk mengobati penyakit-penyakit terkait gastrointestinal. Obat golongan PPI aman dan dapat ditoleransi dengan baik bila digunakan dengan tepat, namun peningkatan penyalahgunaan obat golongan PPI dapat berakibat pada terjadinya luaran terapi yang tidak diharapkan. Evaluasi terhadap penggunaan obat golongan ini perlu dilakukan untuk mengetahui apakah obat golongan PPI digunakan sebagaimana mestinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi penggunaan obat golongan PPI dan menilai kerasionalan penggunaannya yang dilakukan secara deskriptif analitik observasional dengan pengambilan data secara retrospektif menggunakan data resep dan rekam medik. Sampel merupakan data pasien di Instalasi Rawat Jalan RSPAD Gatot Soebroto periode Juli 2015 - Desember 2015 yang menerima obat golongan PPI. Analisis dilakukan terhadap 400 jenis terapi obat dari 192 pasien. Aspek kerasionalan penggunaan obat golongan PPI dilihat dari lima aspek ketepatan, yaitu tepat penilaian kondisi pasien, tepat indikasi penyakit, tepat regimen dosis, tepat lama pemberian, dan tepat pemilihan obat. Sebanyak 100% terapi obat golongan PPI masuk ke dalam kategori tepat penilaian kondisi pasien, 79% tepat indikasi penyakit, 79% tepat regimen dosis, 79% tepat lama pemberian, dan 83,75% tepat obat.

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Proton Pump Inhibitor are drugs that have been widely used to treat gastrointestinal related disorders. PPI is safe and well tolerated when used appropriately, but an increased in drug abuse can lead to unwanted outcome therapy. Evaluation of drug using Proton Pump Inhibitor is necessary to know whether PPI used properly. This study aimed to evaluate the use of PPIs and assess the rationalization of its use with observational analitical descriptive with retrospective methode using prescription data and medical records. Samples were data from outpatient at Gatot Subroto Army Hospital in the period of July 2015 - December 2015 that receive PPI. The analysis conducted from 400 therapy (192 patients). Aspects of the rational use of drugs known as PPI seen by five aspects of precision, appropriate condition of patients, appropriate indication, appropriate dosage, appropriate for the duration of PPI use, and appropriate for right medication. Data showed 100% appropriate condition of patients, 79,00% appropriate indication, 79,00% appropriate dosage, 79,00% appropriate for the duration of PPI use, and 83,75% appropriate for right medication."