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"This book presents the work done by the RILEM Technical Committee 227-HPB (Physical properties and behaviour of High-Performance Concrete at high temperature). It contains the latest research results on the behaviour of high-performance concretes at high temperature.The book presents the state of the art of experimental data on High-Performance concretes and it collects and synthesizes useful data about concrete behaviour at high temperatures. The book is divided into independent chapters dealing with degradation reactions in concrete exposed to high temperatures; mass transport properties; thermal properties; and mechanical properties.The results presented especially target a group of users composed by universities and testing laboratories, building material companies and industries, material scientists and experts, building and infrastructure authorities, designers and civil engineers."

"This book provides a State of the Art Report (STAR) produced by RILEM Technical Committee 254-CMS ‘Thermal Cracking of Mas-sive Concrete Structures’. Several recent developments related to the old problem of understanding/predicting stresses originated from the evolution of the hydration of concrete are at the origin of the creation this technical committee. Having identified a lack in the organization of up-to-date scientific and technological knowledge about cracking induced by hydration heat effects, this STAR aims to provide both practitioners and scientists with a deep integrated overview of consolidated knowledge, together with recent developments on this subject."

"This book presents the work done by the RILEM Technical Committee 227-HPB (Physical properties and behaviour of High-Performance Concrete at high temperature). It contains the latest research results on the modelling of concrete behaviour at high temperature. Some monographs on the subject have been published already but generally they do not cover the whole range of possibilities which are encountered in the literature as well as in practice. Moreover, there has been a rapidly increasing development of computational models during the last twenty years, which deserves attention. Therefore, it is the aim of this report to compile and present most of the tools that are proposed in the literature and are nowadays available for practice in some commercial computational packages.The book is divided in 3 main chapters dealing with:- engineering modelling- advanced modelling- constitutive parameters including hydral, thermal and mechanical parameters."

"This book gives information on non destructive techniques for assessment of concrete structures. It synthesizes the best of international knowledge about what techniques can be used for assessing material properties (strength) and structural properties (geometry, defects). It describes how the techniques can be used so as to answer a series of usual questions, highlighting their capabilities and limits, and providing advices for a better use of techniques. It also focuses on possible combinations of techniques so as to improve the assessment. It is based on many illustrative examples and give in each case references to standards and guidelines."

"Due to the semiconducting nature of its anatase crystal type, titanium dioxide in construction materials acts as a photocatalyst and exhibits air purifying, self-cleaning and antibacterial action. This book covers the theory and applications of the process"

"Concrete is a composite building material. Due to its increasing demand in the construction industry, its basic ingredients such as cement, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate have become extremely costly. Studies have been carried out to find better and more economical alternatives to these conventional building materials. One such alternative is fly ash, which can be used to partially replace cement. The main disadvantage of conventional concrete is its brittle failure, which can be avoided by using steel fibers. This study identifies the behavior of concrete with regard to impact resistance and its mechanical properties by adding hooked-end steel fibers at levels of 0, 0.75, 1.15 and 1.55% and partially replacing 40% of the cement with 40% fly ash. In addition to the control concrete, there has been four mixes with respective addition of steel fibers. The behavior of normal and fly ash concrete with steel fibers was compared. The combination of fly ash and steel fibers provided a homogeneous and very rich mix, with a delay in the setting time of the concrete. Of all the mixes, the one containing 40% fly ash and 1.55% steel fibers proved to be the best, with a maximum increase in strength of 17% in compression, 25% in split tension, 30% in flexure and 95% in impact energy at 56 days. A multiple linear regression model was also formulated using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) software, through which corresponding equations were developed to predict the strength and energy at 28 and 56 days. The equations were also used to predict the strength of the mixes from other researchers’ experimental work. The predicted results corresponded well with the experimental results and the percentage difference was found to be less than 5%."

"This textbook imparts a firm understanding of the behavior of prestressed concrete and how it relates to design based on the 2014 ACI Building Code. It presents the fundamental behavior of prestressed concrete and then adapts this to the design of structures. The book focuses on prestressed concrete members including slabs, beams, and axially loaded members and provides computational examples to support current design practice along with practical information related to details and construction with prestressed concrete. It illustrates concepts and calculations with Mathcad and EXCEL worksheets. "

"Concrete is a favoured building material due to its ease of production and use. Even though the concrete mix is designed to have a uniform strength throughout the entire member, casting, as well as the basic characteristics of the concrete materials, could yield a non-homogeneous constitution, resulting in a concrete strength gradation as a function of the depth of the member. A functionally continuous and smooth strength gradation of the concrete member along its axis or section is defined as graded concrete. The objective of this research is to analyse the influence of two different concrete compressive strengths that composed the graded concrete member. The study is split into two parts: the experimental work describing and identifying the mechanical properties of functionally graded concrete and the finite element analysis implementing these property variations in a model. The results showed that the concrete gradation influenced the ultimate strength of a member negatively and altered the stress distribution and displacement response of the specimen."

"Industri konstruksi di Indonesia saat ini terus berkembang, sehingga konsumsi akan material pun kian bertambah. Salah satu material yang sangat banyak digunakan dan terus bertambah permintaannya pada konstruksi adalah semen, khususnya semen tipe 1 (Ordinary Portland Cement). Padahal dari tahun ke tahunnya produksi klinker, yaitu campuran utama pembuat semen, semakin menurun seiring bahan baku yang berkurang. Permasalahan ini coba dipecahkan oleh produsen semen dengan membuat berbagai semen dengan campuran bahan-bahan baru, seperti semen pozzolan, semen dengan silica fume, semen komposit dan lainnya.Portland Composite Cement (PCC) salah satu dari semen tadi merupakan produk yang saat ini telah beredar dan banyak digunakan. PCC dianggap memiliki karakter yang mirip, bahkan lebih baik dibandingkan dengan OPC. Akan tetapi, pada penggunaanya mix design untuk PCC masih sama dengan OPC. Selain itu, belum diketahui pasti karakteristik beton yang dihasilkan dengan menggunakan PCC.Penulisan ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui salah satu karakteristik beton dengan semen PCC yaitu kuat lentur (modulus of rupture) dan susut, dimana mix design yang digunakan tetap menggunakan aturan ACI yang berlaku bagi beton dengan OPC. Jika benar PCC mempunyai kualitas yang lebih baik dibanding OPC, seharusnya kuat lentur (modulus of rupture) juga lebih baik. Kekuatan lentur atau tarik beton akan dipengaruhi oleh perubahan volume, yang dapat mengakibatkan retak. Penggunaan material tambahan seperti fly ash, pozolan dan lainnya, akan mempengaruhi terhadap perubahan susut beton, dimana penggunaan fly ash seharusnya akan mengurangi penyusutan.Dari penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa kuat lentur beton PCC mengalami kenaikan yang lebih lambat dibanding beton OPC, trend yang dihasilkan berupa grafik logaritma yang setelah lewat 28 hari lambat laun menjadi asimtotis. Nilai kuat lentur beton PCC pada umur 28 hari dan setelahnya, lebih tinggi dibanding beton normal. Penggunaan PCC tidak terlalu berpengaruhi terhadap nilai susut beton dibanding beton normal.

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Indonesia construction industry growing fast, that is why the needs for construction material keep growing. One of them is cement that used a lot for many construction applications and its demand increase from time to time, especially for Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC). On the other side, clinker productivity had been decreasing every year. To solve this problem, cement producer making many variation of composite cement, such as, pozzolan cement, cement with silica fume, PCC, etc.Portland Composite Cement (PCC) is one of the product that used by many people and project. PCC have similar characteristic and even better quality than OPC. Even PCC used the same way with OPC, but the true characteristic of PCC not known yet.This research has objective to study flexural strength and shrinkage of concrete using PCC. If PCC has better quality, its flexural strength should be better than OPC. Flexural strength influenced by volume alteration that cause concrete crack. Fly ash in PCC has property that influencing concrete volume alteration. Fly ash should be able to reduce concrete shrinkage.The research shows that PCC concrete flexural strength increasing slower than OPC concrete. The graph of PCC concrete flexural strength increasing on logarithmic equation those after 28 days by degrees become asymptotic. The PCC concrete flexural strength after 28 days is higher than OPC concrete. Using PCC in concrete does not give significant effect for the concrete shrinkages."