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"Prevalensi populasi dan manifestasi penderita dry eye bervariasi. Aktivasi jalur pensinyalan stres pada permukaan epitel okuler, sel imun bawaan, dan sel imun adaptif akan meningkatkan produksi beberapa sitokin inflamatorik, seperti IFN-Y yang memicu apoptosis sel dan sekresi IL-17 yang melisis tight-junction, menginduksi perubahan epitel, mendestabilisasi lapisan air mata, mengamplifikasi inflamasi dan menciptakan siklus tak henti. Lutein merupakan golongan antioksidan Y-karotenoid yang terbukti memiliki efek protektif dan menghambat inflamasi yang diinduksi oleh berbagai stimulator in vitro dan in vivo. Pada penelitian ini dilakukan perbandingan kadar IFN-Y dan IL-17 pada model mencit dry eye tanpa diberi dan yang diberi suplementasi lutein selama 10 hari. Metode induksi dry eye dilakukan menggunakan kombinasi antara evaporatif dan insufisiensi lakrimal. Pengamatan kondisi akhir klinis dan perhitungan sel goblet didokumentasikan dan dihitung. Pengukuran kadar IFN-Y dan IL-17 dilakukan menggunakan ELISA. Hasil akhir menunjukkan adanya perbedaan signifikan kondisi klinis dan konsentrasi sel goblet model hewan coba antara kelompok tanpa lutein dan kelompok dengan pemberian lutein. Tidak ada perbedaan signifikan kadar IFN-Y dan IL-17 antar kelompok uji coba. Belum diketahui pasti efek langsung lutein terhadap kadar IFN-Y dan IL-17. Lutein memiliki tendensi untuk menurunkan inflamasi, melindungi jaringan permukaan okuler sel goblet, dan meregenerasi sel goblet.

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Population prevalence and manifestation of dry eye patient vary statistically. Activation of stress signaling pathways, residential immune cells, and adaptive immune cells on ocular epithelial surface will increase inflammatory cytokines, such as IFN-Y production which ignites cell apoptosis and IL-17 which lyses tight-junction, induces epithelial changes, destabilizes tear film, amplifies inflammation and creates an endless loop. Lutein is a Y-carotenoid antioxidant which has been proven to has protective and anti-inflammatory effect. This research compared IFN-Y and IL-17 levels between dry eye mice model without and with lutein supplementation for 10 days. Combination between evaporative and lacrimal insufficiency as dry eye induction method was choosen. Clinical condition and goblet cells concentration were documented and measured. IFN-γ and IL-17 measurements were done using ELISA. There were significant differences between clinical descriptions and goblet cell concentration between groups but there are no statistically significant differences in IFN-Y and IL-17 level between groups. There has been no specific direct effect of lutein on IFN-Y and IL-17 level. Lutein has tendencies to lower inflammation, protects ocular surface from dessication, and has potency to regenerates goblet cells."

"ABSTRAKKanker kolon merupakan penyebab kematian terbesar keempat di dunia. Penelitian inibertujuan untuk melihat efek hambatan ekstrak biji kedelai dan bungkil padatahap awal karsinogenesis kolon. Mencit Swiss Webster berusia 12 minggudiinduksi dengan azoksimetan 10 mg/kg BB diikuti dengan pemberian dextransodium sulfat 2 melalui air minum. Ekstrak biji kedelai dosis 75, 150, dan 200mg, bungkil dosis 75, 150, dan 200 mg, dan aspirin 0,39 mg diberikan per oralselama 4 minggu. Efek hambatan karsinogenesis dinilai dengan mengkuantifikasijumlah radang, rerata sel goblet, rerata angiogenesis pada jaringan kolon yangdiwarnai hematoksilin-eosin. Aktifitas proliferasi dihitung sebagai mean AgNOR.Penurunan bermakna jumlah radang terjadi pada pemberian ekstrak biji kedelaidosis 150 maupun 200 mg, bungkil dosis 150 mg, dan aspirin p

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ABSTRACTColon cancer is the fourth cause of cancer death worldwide. The present studywas aimed to investigate the effect of soybean and soybean meal extract on earlycolon carcinogenesis.In this study, male Swiss Webster mouse was induced byazoxymethane 10 mg kg body weight followed by administration of 2 dextransodium sulfate during a week. Soybean, soybean meal extract at each dose of 75,150, and 200 mg daily and aspirin 0,39 mg kg body weight daily administeredorally for 4 weeks. Histopathological examination of the colon tissue hematoxyllin eosin staining was done by counting the number of inflammationspot, goblet cells and angiogenesis. Proliferation activity was calculated as meanAgNOR. Soybean extract 150 and 200 mg , soybean meal extract 150 mg andaspirin are significantly reduce the number of inflammation spot p"

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui perbedaan nilai mAgNOR antara kelompok perokok kretek dan bukan perokok dan mengetahui hubungan karakteristik perokok dengan nilai mAgNOR. Metode penelitian analitik komparatif dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Pengambilan spesimen menggunakan sikat oral pada mukosa bukal tampak normal dari 21 laki-laki usia 26-35 tahun pada masing-masing kelompok. Hasilnya, nilai mAgNOR pada kelompok perokok kretek (2,9543±0,35537) lebih tinggi daripada kelompok bukan perokok (2,6971±0,43732), secara statistik signifikan. Tidak terdapat hubungan antara nilai mAgNOR dengan karakteristik intensitas merokok, lama tahun kebiasaan merokok dan lama terpapar rokok. Terdapat hubungan antara mAgNOR dengan karakteristik lama menghabiskan 1 batang rokok (p=0,030, r=0,475).

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ABSTRACTThe aim of this study is to determine the difference between mAgNOR counts of kretek smokers and nonsmokers, and determine the relationship of smokers characterstics with mAgNOR counts. This comparative analytical research with cross sectional approach. Specimen using oral brush on the buccal mucosa appears normal of 21 men aged 26-35 years old in each group. As a result, mAgNOR counts of the smokers group (2,9543±0,35537) is higher than nonsmokers group (2,6971±0,43732), statistically significant. There was no correlation between mAgNOR counts with intensity of smoking, years and exposure time to kretek smoke. There was a correlation between mAgNOR counts with timing spend per smoke (p=0,030, r=0,475)."

"kegagalan hati. Organoid hati dapat digunakan sebagai bahan untuk BAL. Organoid hati merupakan rekonstruksi hati kultur 3D dari sel punca dan sel-sel lainnya yang menyerupai mikrostruktur hati in vivo dan memiliki fungsi hati. Organoid hati juga dapat digunakan untuk uji obat dan sebagai model unutk mempelajari penyakit hati.Metode : Organoid hati pada penelitian ini direkonstruksi dari hepatosit, sel stelata hepatika (LX2), sel punca mesenkimal asal tali pusat (UC-MSCs), dan sel punca hematopoiesis asal darah tali pusat (UCB-CD34+). Hepatosit primer tikus, LX2, UC-MSCs dan UCB-CD34+ diko-kultur dalam 11 formulasi rasio selama 2 hari. Formulasi rasio yang membentuk sferoid dikultur dalam 4 medium kultur selama 5 hari, dipanen dan dilakukan analisa viabilitas. Rasio dengan viabilitas tertinggi merupakan rasio optimal dalam medium kultur optimal untuk rekonstruksi organoid hati. Rasio hepatosit : LX2 : UC-MSCs : UCB-CD34+ optimal 5 : 1 : 2 : 2 diko-kultur dalam medium kultur optimal Williams E yang disuplementasi dengan PRP, ITS dan dexamethasone selama 14 hari dan dilakukan analisa morfologi, fungsi hati dan potensi angiogenesis.Hasil : Viabilitas organoid bertahan hingga hari ke-14 dan ekspresi protein albumin, ekspresi protein GOT dan ekspresi protein CD31 cukup stabil hingga hari ke-14. Ekspresi gen Albumin meningkat hingga hari ke-14 sedangkan ekspresi gen GOT menurun hingga hari ke-14. Sekresi urea menurun hingga hari ke-5 dan sekresi albumin menurun hingga hari ke-7.Kesimpulan : Organoid hati ini direkonstruksi dari hepatosit primer, LX2, UC-MSCs, UCB-CD34+ dengan rasio optimal 5 : 1 : 2 : 2 dalam medium kultur optimal sederhana dan ekonomis Williams E yang disuplementasi PRP, ITS dan dexamethasone. Organoid hati ini dapat mempertahankan viabilitas dan fungsi hingga hari ke-14. Organoid hati penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai model untuk uji obat dan dapat dikembangkan untuk menjadi bahan BAL.

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Introduction : Bioartificial Liver (BAL) is being developed to be an alternative therapy for liver failure. Liver organoids can be used as prototype material for BAL. Liver organoids are 3D cultured liver reconstructions of stem cells and other cells that resemble the liver microstructure in vivo and perform liver function. Liver organoids also can be used for drug testing and as a model for liver disease pathogenesis.

Methods : Liver organoids in this study were reconstructed from hepatocytes, hepatic stellate cells (LX2), human umbilical cord-mesenchymal stem cells (UC-MSCs), and human umbilical cord blood (UCB) hematopoiesis stem cells CD34+. Rat primary hepatocytes, LX2, UC-MSCs and UCB-CD34+ were co-cultured in 11 ratio formulations for two days. The ratio formed spheroid were cultured in four culture medium for five days, harvested and analyzed for viability. The ratio with the highest viability was the optimal ratio in the optimal culture medium for hepatic organoid reconstruction. The optimal ratio 5 : 1: 2 : 2 of Hepatocytes : LX2 : UC-MSCs : UCB-CD34+ was co-cultured in optimal culture medium Williams E supplemented with PRP, ITS and dexamethasone for 14 days and analyzed for morphology, liver function and angiogenesis potential.

Results : Liver organoids viability maintained until day 14 and albumin protein expression, GOT protein expression and CD31 protein expression were quite stable until day 14. Albumin gene expression increased until day 14, while GOT gene expression decreased until day 14. Urea secretion decreased until day 5 and albumin secretion decreased until day 7. Conclusion : These liver organoids were reconstructed from optimal ratio 5 : 1 : 2 : 2 of primary hepatocytes, LX2, UC-MSCs, UCB-CD34+ in simple and economical optimal culture medium Williams E supplemented by PRP, ITS and dexamethasone. These liver organoids maintained viability and liver function until day 14. These liver organoids can be used as a model for drug testing and can be developed to become a BAL material for future application."

"ABSTRACTLatar belakang: Diagnosis pasti kanker paru ditegakkan dengan menemukan sel ganas pada pemeriksaan sitologi/ histopatologi pada spesimen yang didapat dari berbagai prosedur diagnostik.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui jumlah sel ganas dari pemeriksaan sitologi yang didapat dari berbagai prosedur diagnostik TTNA terpandu CT scan, TTNA tidak terpandu, TTNA terpandu USG, BJH, sikatan bronkus, bilasan bronkus, TBNA, BAL, sitologi cairan pleura dan sitologi sputum .Metode: Penelitian potong lintang pada slide pasien kanker paru dari pemeriksaan sitologi yang ditegakkan dari berbagai prosedur diagnostik di Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Persahabatan. Data diambil dari laborarorium Patologi Anatomi, Rekam Medis Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Persahabatan dan data khusus Adenokarsinoma paru diambil dari laboratorium KalGen Jakarta Pusat pada periode 1 Juni 2015 sampai 31 Juli 2016. Slide pasien yang mengandung sel ganas akan dikoding oleh SpPA dan dihitung jumlahnya dibawah mikroskop dibawah supervisi Sp.PA.Hasil: Sampel penelitian 425 slide sitologi dengan karateristik pasien laki-laki 72,5 median usia 57 tahun, range usia 26-92 tahun dan pasien kanker paru perempuan 27,3 median usia 54 tahun, range usia 18-84 tahun . TTNA terpandu CT Scan merupakan prosedur diagnostik yang paling sering dapat menemukan sel ganas > 200 16,9 , diikuti BJH dengan jumlah sel > 200 11,8 , TTNA tidak terpandu dengan jumlah sel ganas > 200 7,3 . Jumlah sel ganas minimal yang memungkinkan untuk pemeriksaan molekuler lanjutan EGFR khususnya pada jenis adenokarsinoma paru adalah didapatkan 0,8 pemeriksaan EGFR pada jumlah sel ganas < 50 sel dan semakin tinggi jumlah sel ganas maka semakin memungkinkan untuk pemeriksaan molekuler lanjutan. Jumlah slide mempengaruhi jumlah sel ganas yang didapatkan nilai p=0,000 dan semakin banyak jumlah slide maka semakin banyak juga jumlah sel ganas yang didapatkan.Kesimpulan: Jumlah sel ganas pada slide sitologi kanker paru paling banyak ditemukan dengan pemeriksaan TTNA terpandu CT scan, dikuti BJH dan TTNA tidak terpandu. Jumah slide mempengaruhi jumlah sel ganas nilai bermakna, p= 0,000 .Kata kunci: Kanker paru, sel ganas, slide sitologi, prosedur diagnostik

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ABSTRACTBackground A definitive diagnosis of lung cancer by finding malignant cells on cytology histopathology examination of the specimen obtained from a variety of diagnostic procedures.Objective To determine the number of malignant cells of cytologic examination that are obtained from a variety of diagnostic procedures CT guided TTNA, unguided TTNA, ultrasound guided TTNA, FNAB, bronchial brushing, bronchial washing, TBNA, BAL, cytology examination of pleural fluid and sputum cytology .Methods A cross sectional study in lung cancer patients slides from cytological examination from a variety of diagnostic procedures in the Central General Hospital Persahabatan. Data are taken from Anatomical Pathology laborarorium, Medical Record of Central General Hospital Persahabatan and the specific data of lung adenocarcinoma taken from the laboratory KalGen in Central Jakarta from1 June, 2015 until July 31, 2016. Slides containing malignant cells of patients are to be coded by SpPA and numbered under a microscope under the supervision of Sp.PA.Results The research sample with characteristic cytologic slide of 425 male patients were 72.5 median age 57 years, range 26 92 years of age and female lung cancer patients were 27.3 median age 54 years, age range 18 84 year . CT guided TTNA was a diagnostic procedure that was most often able to find malignant cells 200 16.9 , followed by the BJH of cell counts 200 11.8 , unguided TTNA with the number of malignant cells 200 7.3 . Minimal number of malignant cells that were possible for advanced molecular examination EGFR , particularly on the type of lung adenocarcinoma was obtained 0.8 EGFR examination in the number of malignant cell "

"Kitosan dan deksametason merupakan material yang digunakan dalam rekayasa jaringan tulang. Kitosan biasa digunakan sebagai scaffold, sedangkan deksametason sering digunakan sebagai sinyal. Salah satu penanda diferensiasi osteoblas adalah Alkaline phosphatase (ALP). Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis efek kitosan dibandingkan deksametason dalam menginduksi diferensiasi osteoblas melalui aktivitas ALP pada sel punca pulpa gigi (SPPG). Aktivitas ALP dianalisis dengan ALP assay. Terdapat 4 perlakuan yang memiliki aktivitas ALP diatas kontrol, yakni kitosan 5 ng/ml, deksametason 10 nM dan 100 nM, serta campuran kitosan 5 ng/ml dan deksametason 10 nM. Peningkatan konsentrasi deksametason meningkatkan aktivitas ALP. Peningkatan konsentrasi kitosan menurunkan aktivitas ALP.

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Chitosan and dexamethasone are materials that can be used in bone tissue engineering. Chitosan is often used as a scaffold, while dexamethasone is often used as signal. One of the markers of osteoblast differentiation is Alkaline phosphatase (ALP). This research objective is to analyse the effects of chitosan compared to dexamethasone in inducing osteoblast differentiation through ALP activity in Dental Pulp Stem Cells (DPSCs). ALP activity determined by ALP Assay. There were four treatments that have higher activity than the control, they are chitosan 5 ng/ml, 10 nM dexamethasone and 100 nM, and mixture of chitosan 5 ng/ml and 10 nM dexamethasone. The increased concentrations of dexamethasone increases ALP activity and the higher concentration of chitosan will decrease the ALP activity."

"[ABSTRAKTujuan : Mengevaluasi ada tidaknya perbedaan kualitas air mata pada penderita glaukoma yangmengalami mata kering antara yang diberi tetes mata sodium hialuronat 0,1% mengandung bahanpengawet benzalkonium klorida dan tetes mata sodium hialuronat 0,1% tanpa bahan pengawet.Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian prospektif terandomisasi. 30 pasien glaukoma yangmengalami mata kering dirandomisasi ke dalam kedua kelompok. Kelompokpertama,mendapatkan obat tetes mata artificial tear mengandung sodium hialuronat 0,1% denganpengawet benzalkonium klorida, sedangkan kelompok II, mendapatkan obat tetes mata artificialtear mengandung sodium hialuronat 0,1% tanpa pengawet selama 1 bulan. Pemeriksaan Schirmertest, TFBUT, OPI, dan sitologi impresi dilakukan pada kedua kelompok baik sebelum dan sesudah1 bulan penetesan obat tetes mata artificial tear.Results: Nilai median sitologi impresi sel goblet pasca penetesan artificial tear meningkat padakelompok I (118,15-485) dan kelompok II (67.0-200), namun secara statistik tidak ada perbedaanbermakna. Nilai rata ? rata TFBUT pasca penetesan pada kelompok I (14,45±7,85) dan kelompokII (13,91±7,46) meningkat dibandingkan sebelum penetesan, serta secara statitstik memilikiperbedaan yang bermakna. Nilai Schirmer test dan OPI pasca penetesan pada kedua kelompokmengalami peningkatan secara klinis dibandingkan sebelum penetesan, namun tidak terdapatperbedaan bermakna secara statistik.Conclusions : Pemberian artificial tear mengandung sodium hialuronat 0,1% baik denganpengawet maupun tanpa pengawet selama 1 bulan memberikan peningkatan Schirmer test,TFBUT,OPI dan sitologi impresi sel goblet.

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ABSTRACTObjectives: To evaluate the difference of quality of tears between glaucoma patients sufferingfrom dry eyes treated with 0.1% sodium hyaluronat eyedrops with preservativebenzalconiumchloride and those treated with 0.1% sodium hyaluronat eyedrops withoutpreservative.Methods: This is a randomized prospective study. Subjects were 30 glaucoma patients sufferingfrom dry eyes, whom later randomized into two groups. Group I was treated with artificial tearseye drops, which contained 0.1% sodium hyaluronat and benzalconium chloride preservative,whereas Group II was treated with artificial tears eye drops, which contained 0.1% sodiumhyaluronat without preservative for one-month duration. Before and after the treatment withartificial tears eyedrops, subjects of both groups were tested with Schirmer test, TFBUT, OPI, andimpression cytology.Results: The median of goblet cells in impression cytology after treatment with artificial tears eyedrops increased in group I (118, 15 ? 485) and group II (67, 0 ? 200), even though not statisticallysignificant. Mean TFBUT after treatment was also higher in Group I (14.45±7.85) and Group II(13.91±7.46), yet not statistically significant. Schirmer test and OPI results after treatment showeda clinical improvement in both groups, however no statistic result was found to be significant.Conclusions: Treatment with artifical tears eye drops containing 0.1% sodium hyaluronat with orwithout preservative for one month will improve Schirmer test, TFBUT, OPI, and goblet cellsimpressions cytology result on glaucoma patients suffering from dry eyes.;Objectives: To evaluate the difference of quality of tears between glaucoma patients sufferingfrom dry eyes treated with 0.1% sodium hyaluronat eyedrops with preservativebenzalconiumchloride and those treated with 0.1% sodium hyaluronat eyedrops withoutpreservative.Methods: This is a randomized prospective study. Subjects were 30 glaucoma patients sufferingfrom dry eyes, whom later randomized into two groups. Group I was treated with artificial tearseye drops, which contained 0.1% sodium hyaluronat and benzalconium chloride preservative,whereas Group II was treated with artificial tears eye drops, which contained 0.1% sodiumhyaluronat without preservative for one-month duration. Before and after the treatment withartificial tears eyedrops, subjects of both groups were tested with Schirmer test, TFBUT, OPI, andimpression cytology.Results: The median of goblet cells in impression cytology after treatment with artificial tears eyedrops increased in group I (118, 15 – 485) and group II (67, 0 – 200), even though not statisticallysignificant. Mean TFBUT after treatment was also higher in Group I (14.45±7.85) and Group II(13.91±7.46), yet not statistically significant. Schirmer test and OPI results after treatment showeda clinical improvement in both groups, however no statistic result was found to be significant.Conclusions: Treatment with artifical tears eye drops containing 0.1% sodium hyaluronat with orwithout preservative for one month will improve Schirmer test, TFBUT, OPI, and goblet cellsimpressions cytology result on glaucoma patients suffering from dry eyes., Objectives: To evaluate the difference of quality of tears between glaucoma patients sufferingfrom dry eyes treated with 0.1% sodium hyaluronat eyedrops with preservativebenzalconiumchloride and those treated with 0.1% sodium hyaluronat eyedrops withoutpreservative.Methods: This is a randomized prospective study. Subjects were 30 glaucoma patients sufferingfrom dry eyes, whom later randomized into two groups. Group I was treated with artificial tearseye drops, which contained 0.1% sodium hyaluronat and benzalconium chloride preservative,whereas Group II was treated with artificial tears eye drops, which contained 0.1% sodiumhyaluronat without preservative for one-month duration. Before and after the treatment withartificial tears eyedrops, subjects of both groups were tested with Schirmer test, TFBUT, OPI, andimpression cytology.Results: The median of goblet cells in impression cytology after treatment with artificial tears eyedrops increased in group I (118, 15 – 485) and group II (67, 0 – 200), even though not statisticallysignificant. Mean TFBUT after treatment was also higher in Group I (14.45±7.85) and Group II(13.91±7.46), yet not statistically significant. Schirmer test and OPI results after treatment showeda clinical improvement in both groups, however no statistic result was found to be significant.Conclusions: Treatment with artifical tears eye drops containing 0.1% sodium hyaluronat with orwithout preservative for one month will improve Schirmer test, TFBUT, OPI, and goblet cellsimpressions cytology result on glaucoma patients suffering from dry eyes.]"