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"Latar belakang: Pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan terbentuknya beberapa kebijakan oleh pemerintah guna mencegah penyebaran penyakit. Kebijakan yang dibuat berupa PSBB (pembatasan sosial berskala besar). PSBB ini menyebabkan semua aktivitas yang tidak mendesak dilakukan dari rumah termasuk sekolah. Hal ini menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan kebiasaan terhadap anak-anak usia sekolah dasar. Perubahan kebiasaan tersebut berupa peningkatan penggunaan internet dan juga perubahan pola tidur. Orang tua yang memiliki anak usia sekolah dasar mengeluhkan bahwa sang anak menngalami penurunan kualitas tidur. Penurunan kualitas tidur dapat menjadi indikasi mengalami gangguan tidur yang kadang tidak disadari oleh sang anak dan orang tuanya. Gangguan tidur dapat berdampak kepada emosi, proses tumbuh kembang dan kognitifnya. Oleh karena itu, perlu diketahuinya hubungan aspek sosiodemografi terhadap gangguan tidur pada anak di sebelum dan selama pandemi Covid-19Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari projek SEANUTS II yang diambil dari anak usia 6-12 tahun di 22 Kabupaten/Kota di Indonesia. Jenis studi yang digunakan adalah before and after studies dengan uji yang digunakan adalah uji Chi-square, Uji normalitas, uji Kruskall-Wallis dan uji Mc-Nemar)Hasil: Prevalensi gangguan tidur pada periode sebelum pandemi sebesar 41.82%, sedangkan prevalensi gangguan tidur saat pandemi mengalami penurunan dibanding sebelum pandemi menjadi 40.19%. Akan tetapi, hubungan antara gangguan tidur dengan pandemi Covid-19 tidak memiliki hubungan yang bermakna (p>0.05) Terjadinya peningkatan prevalensi gangguan tidur pada domain sleep-wake transisiton disorders dan diorders of excessive sonolence pada periode saat pandemi dibanding sebelum pandemi. Tidak adanya hubungan yang signifikan antara jenis kelamin dan usia dengan gangguan tidur baik sebelum pandemi dan saat pandemi (p > 0.05). Akan tetapi, pada variabel area tempat tinggal periode sebelum pandemi memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan gangguan tidur (p < 0.05), sedangkan area tempat tinggal pada periode pandemi tidak memiliki hubungan yang siginifikan dengan gangguan tidur.Kesimpulan: Terjadinya penurunan prevalensi gangguan tidur pada pandemi dibanding sebelum pandemi. Tidak ditemukannya hubungan yang signifikan antara usia dan jenis kelamin dengan gangguan tidur baik periode sebelum dan selama pandemi, sedangkan aspek area tempat tinggal memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dengan gangguan tidur hanya pada periode sebelum pandemi.

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Abstrak Berbahasa Inggris:

Introduction: The Covid-19 pandemic has led to the formation of several policies by the government to prevent the spread of the disease. The policy made is in the form of PSBB (large-scale social restrictions). This PSBB causes all non-urgent activities to be carried out from home, including school. This causes a change in the habits of elementary school-age children. Changes in these habits are in the form of increased use of the internet and also changes in sleep patterns. Parents who have elementary school-aged children complain that their children experience a decrease in sleep quality. Decreased sleep quality can be an indication of having a sleep disorder that is sometimes not realized by the child and his parents. Sleep disturbances can have an impact on emotions, growth, and cognitive processes. Therefore, it is necessary to know the relationship between sociodemographic aspects to sleep disorders in children before and during the Covid-19 pandemic.

Method: This study used secondary data from the SEANUTS II project taken from children aged 6-12 years in 22 districts/cities in Indonesia. The type of study used is before and after studies with the tests used are the Chi-square test, normality test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Mc-Nemar test)

Result: The prevalence of sleep disorders before the pandemic period was 41.82%, while the prevalence of sleep disorders during the pandemic was 41.82%. the pandemic has decreased compared to before the pandemic to 40.19%. However, the relationship between sleep disturbances and the Covid-19 pandemic was not significant (p>0.05). There was an increase in the prevalence of sleep disorders in the domain of sleep-wake transition disorders and orders of excessive somnolence during the pandemic period compared to before the pandemic. There was no significant relationship between sex and age with sleep disturbances before and during the pandemic (p > 0.05). However, the area of ​​residence in the pre-pandemic period had a significant relationship with sleep disturbances (p < 0.05), while the area of ​​residence during the pandemic period did not have a significant relationship with sleep disturbances.

Conclusion: There was a decrease in the prevalence of sleep disorders during the pandemic compared to before the pandemic. No significant relationship was found between age and sex with sleep disturbances both before and during the pandemic, while the area of ​​residence had a significant relationship with sleep disturbances only in the pre-pandemic period"

"Masalah tidur pada anak di rumah singgah yang sedang menjalani kemoterapi dapat meningkat bila tidak ditangani dengan tepat. Rumah singgah merupakan rumah kedua bagi anak dan orang tua/pendamping untuk tinggal bersama saat menjalani pengobatan. Jumlah anak dengan kanker yang tinggal di rumah singgah Jakarta dan Pekanbaru ada 104 anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor yang dapat memengaruhi masalah tidur pada anak dengan kanker di rumah singgah. Jenis penelitian ini studi kuantitatif, dengan desain penelitian cross sectional, menggunakan tekhnik consecutive sampling. Penelitian dilakukan di rumah singgah Yayasan Kasih Anak Kanker Indonesia (YKAKI) Jakarta dan Pekanbaru dengan melibatkan 62 anak yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi (42 anak di Jakarta dan 20 anak di Pekanbaru). Pengambilan data menggunakan instrumen data demografi, Skala Fatigue Onkologi Anak_Allen (Skala FOA_A), Skala Depresi CES-DC, Skala Nyeri (Face), dan Skala Gangguan Tidur pada Anak (Skala GATIA). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang berpengaruh terhadap masalah tidur di rumah singgah yaitu depresi (p=0,002, B=-9,907) dan jenis kanker (p=0,003, B=-4,480). Kedua faktor ini dapat dijadikan pertimbangan bagi perwat anak dalam memberikan intervensi yang tepat dan berkualitas dalam mengatasi masalah tidur di rumah singgah.

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Sleep problems which happened in children at halfway house are undergoing to the chemotherapy that can increase if it is not treated properly. A halfway house is a second home for children and their parents/guardians to live together while undergoing treatment. The number of children with cancer living in shelter homes that located in Jakarta and Pekanbaru are 104 children. The aims of this study is to analyze the factors that can affect sleep problems in children with cancer in shelter homes. This type of research is a quantitative study, with a cross-sectional research design, using a consecutive sampling technique. The study was conducted at the Indonesian Cancer Child Care Foundation (YKAKI) shelter in Jakarta and Pekanbaru, involving 62 children who met the inclusion criteria (42 children in Jakarta and 20 children in Pekanbaru). Data retrieval using demographic data instruments, Pediatric Oncology Fatigue Scale_Allen (FOA_A Scale), CES-DC Depression Scale, Pain Scale (Face), and Sleep Disorders Scale in Children (GATIA Scale). The results showed that the factors that influenced sleep problems in the halfway house were depression (p=0.002, B=-9.907) and the type of cancer (p=0.003, B=- 4.480). These two factors can be taken into consideration for pediatric nurses in providing appropriate and quality interventions in overcoming sleep problems in shelter homes."

"Latar belakang: Pandemi coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) secara global menyebabkan pemerintah Indonesia untuk menerapkan Pembatasan Sosial Berskala Besar (PSBB) sebagai upaya pencegahan transmisi COVID-19. Kebijakan ini berdampak pada perubahan gaya hidup anak melalui penutupan sekolah dan fasilitas rekreasional sehingga terjadi penurunan aktivitas fisik dan perubahan pola tidur anak. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan tingkat aktivitas fisik dengan gangguan tidur pada anak usia sekolah dasar di masa pandemi COVID-19.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi cross-sectional yang dilakukan pada 437 subjek. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder tahun 2020 yang menggunakan Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) dan Children Sleep Habits Questionnaire-Abbreviated (CSHQ-A). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square.Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 60,87% subjek tidak aktif dan sebanyak 73,23% subjek mengalami gangguan tidur selama pandemi COVID-19. Hasil uji analisis statistik menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara tingkat aktivitas fisik dengan gangguan tidur (p=0,248).Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar anak usia sekolah dasar tidak aktif melakukan aktivitas fisik, kurang tidur pada hari biasa, tidur cukup pada akhir pekan, dan mengalami gangguan tidur selama pandemi COVID-19. Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara tingkat aktivitas fisik dengan gangguan tidur pada anak usia sekolah dasar selama pandemi COVID-19.

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Introduction: Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) globally affected the Indonesian government to implement the large-scale social restriction to prevent the COVID-19 transmission. The policy has altered children’s lifestyles through the closure of schools and recreational facilities which caused the decline in children’s physical activity level and the alteration of children’s sleep pattern. This study aims to determine the relationship between elementary school-aged children’s physical activity level and sleep disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Method: This study was conducted with a cross-sectional design on 437 subjects. The research used secondary data collected in 2020 to obtain the data through the Physical Activity Questionnaire for Older Children (PAQ-C) and the Children Sleep Habits Questionnaire-Abbreviated (CSHQ-A). The data were analyzed using the Chi-square analysis test.

Result: This study showed that 60,87% of the subjects were not physically active and 73,23% of the subjects had sleep disorders. The statistical analysis test showed no significant relationship (p 0.05) between children’s physical activity level and sleep disorders.

Conclusion: The majority of elementary school-aged children were not physically active and had sleep disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic. There was not a significant relationship between elementary school-aged children’s physical activity level and sleep disorders during the COVID-19 pandemic."

"Tingkat aktivitas fisik merupakan salah satu indikator kesehatan yang penting. Berdasarkan Riskesdas 2018, Provinsi DKI Jakarta menempati posisi pertama pada proporsi tingkat aktivitas fisik kurang pada anak usia lebih dari 10 tahun. Gangguan tidur memiliki korelasi dengan penurunan performa akademik siswa pada sekolah dasar, peningkatan risiko depresi, dan juga ketidakseimbangan emosional. Berdasarakan penelitian oleh Hermoniati et al., Prevalensi gangguan tidur pada anak usia sekolah di Kota Jakarta Pusat sebesar 25,1%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan tingkat aktivitas fisik dan gangguan tidur pada anak usia sekolah di Provinsi DKI Jakarta. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah studi potong lintang dengan menggunakan sub data sekunder dari penelitian SEANUTS 2.0 dengan jumlah sub-sampel sebesar 104 anak. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tingkat aktivitas fisik paling dominan secara berurutan adalah tingkat aktivitas fisik rendah (50%), tingkat aktivitas fisik sedang (42,30%), dan tingkat aktivitas fisik tinggi (7,6%). Gangguan tidur terjadi pada 55,77% dari total sampel. Secara bivariat terdapat korelasi lemah antara tingkat aktivitas fisik dan gangguan tidur pada anak usia sekolah di Provinsi DKI Jakarta dengan nilai r = -0,05 dan tidak signifikan dengan nilai p = 0,617. Selain itu, dilakukan juga uji korelasi terhadap aktivitas fisik dan sub-gangguan tidur dengan hasil gangguan memulai dan mempertahankan tidur (r = -0,068), gangguan pernapasan saat tidur (r = 0,017), gangguan kesadaran (r = -0,023), gangguan transisi tidur-bangun (r = 0,061), gangguan somnolen berlebihan (r = -0,83), dan gangguan saat tidur (r = -0,176). Oleh karena itu, intervensi terhadap aktivitas fisik demi mencegah kejadian gangguan tidur perlu dilakukan. Tenaga kesehatan dan tenaga pendidik pada sekolah dasar diharapkan mengetahui dan memahami pentingkat tingkat aktivitas fisik terhadap pencegahan gangguan tidur pada anak usia sekolah.

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The level of physical activity is an important indicator of health. Based on Riskesdas 2018, DKI Jakarta Province occupies the first position in the proportion of the level of physical activity that is lacking in children aged more than 10 years. Sleep disturbances have been correlated with decreased academic performance in elementary school students, increased risk of depression, as well as emotional imbalance. Based on research by Hermoniati et al., the prevalence of sleep disorders in school-age children in Central Jakarta is 25.1%. This study aims to see the relationship between the level of physical activity and sleep disturbances in school-age children in DKI Jakarta Province. The research design used was a cross-sectional study using secondary data from the SEANUTS 2.0 study with a sub-sample of 104 children. The results showed that the most dominant levels of physical activity, respectively, were low levels of physical activity (50%), moderate levels of physical activity (42.30%), and high levels of physical activity (7.6%). Sleep disturbances occurred in 55.77% of the total sample. Bivariately there is a weak correlation between the level of physical activity and sleep disturbances in schoolage children in DKI Jakarta Province with a value of r = -0.05 and not significant with a value of p = 0.617. In addition, correlation tests were also conducted on physical activity and sleep sub-disorders with the results of disturbances in initiating and maintaining sleep (r = -0.068), sleep disturbances (r = 0.017), impaired consciousness (r = -0.023), transitional disorders sleep-wake (r = 0.061), excessive somnolence (r = -0.83), and sleep disturbances (r = -0.176). Therefore, intervention on physical activity to prevent sleep disturbances needs to be done. Health workers and educators in elementary schools are expected to know and understand the level of physical activity on the prevention of sleep disorders at school-age."

"Latar belakang: Pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan anak tetap tinggal di rumah untuk menjalani pembelajaran jarak jauh (PJJ). Hal ini dapat berdampak kepada peningkatan paparan screen time anak yang melebihi anjuran. Lebih lanjut hal ini dapat berpotensi terjadinya gangguan tidur. Pada anak dengan thalassemia, yang memiliki beberapa penyulit, dapat semakin meningkatkan risiko gangguan tidur tersebut sehingga akan berdampak terhadap tumbuh kembang anak. Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain potong lintang dengan menggunakan instrumen Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) versi Bahasa Indonesia. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan secara consecutive sampling pada orang tua pasien thalassemia yang berada di Poli Hematologi dan Ruang Transfusi RSCM Kiara. Hasil: Dari 93 data yang diperoleh, sebanyak 85 data yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang kemudian dianalisis. Subjek didominasi oleh kelompok usia sekolah dengan rentang usia 6-15 tahun (51,2%) dan berjenis kelamin laki-laki (57,6%). Sebanyak 57 dari 85 subjek memiliki tingkat screen time yang tinggi. Dengan menggunakan kuesioner SDSC didapatkan juga 50 dari 85 subjek mengalami gangguan tidur dengan hiperhidrosis saat tidur menjadi faktor gangguan tidur terbanyak (26%). Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara screen time dan gangguan tidur (p=0,01). Pasien anak thalassemia dengan screen time tinggi (lebih dari 120 menit) memiliki peluang untuk mengalami gangguan tidur 3,35 kali lebih tinggi dibandingkan dengan pasien thalassemia yang tidak memiliki screen time tinggi (OR = 3,35 dan CI 95% = 1,31-8,59). Kesimpulan: Terdapat hubungan antara screen time dan gangguan tidur pada pasien thalassemia sehingga perlu dilakukan edukasi dan pembatasan screen time.

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Introduction: The COVID-19 pandemic has caused children to stay at home and undergo distance learning. This situation can have an impact on increasing exposure to child screen time exceeding the recommendation. Furthermore, it can potentially lead to sleep disturbances. Especially for children with thalassemia, having complications, be able to increase the risk of these sleep disturbances that will increasingly impact the child's development. Method: This study used a cross-sectional design using instruments Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) Indonesian version. Subject selection is done by consecutive sampling in parents of thalassemia patients in the Hematology Poly and Transfusion Room of RSCM Kiara. Result: Of the 93 data obtained, 85 data met the inclusion and exclusion criteria which were then analyzed. Subjects were dominated by the school age group with an age range of 6-15 years (51.2%) and were male (57.6%). As many as 57 out of 85 subjects have level screen time tall one. Using the SDSC questionnaire, it was also found that 50 out of 85 subjects experienced sleep disturbances with hyperhidrosis during sleep being the most common sleep disturbance factor (26%). There was a significant relationship between screen time and sleep disturbance (p=0.01). Thalassemia pediatric patients with high screen time (more than 120 minutes) had a 3.35 times higher chance of experiencing sleep disturbances compared to thalassemia patients who did not have high screen time (OR = 3.35 and 95% CI = 1.31- 8,59). Conclusion: In conclusion, this study recommends education and screen time restriction be needed for children with thalassemia to reduce the chance of sleep disturbances."

"[ABSTRAK Latar belakang: Gangguan tidur adalah kumpulan kondisi yang ditandai dengan gangguan jumlah, kualitas, atau waktu tidur. Dampaknya adalah gangguan belajar, memori, perubahan mood, perilaku, dan kesulitan mempertahankan perhatian. Data intervensi Sleep Hygiene di Indonesia belum tersedia.Tujuan: Untuk mengetahui: (1) prevalens dan gambaran gangguan tidur, (2) pengaruh intervensi Sleep Hygiene pada keluhan mengantuk, mood, kesulitan bangun, dan durasi tidur, (3) pengaruh intervensi terhadap nilai SDSC dan PDSS.Metode: Penelitian quasi eksperimental di 3 SDN di Jakarta Pusat pada bulan Mei-Juni 2015. Skrining gangguan tidur menggunakan Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) dan Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS). Murid dengan gangguan tidur dimintakan persetujuan intervensi selama 8 minggu. Evaluasi dengan kuesioner SDSC dan PDSS.Hasil: Prevalens gangguan tidur 25,1%. Gambaran gangguan tidur yaitu Disorder of initiating and maintaining sleep (DIMS) 61,5%, Sleep wake transition disorder (SWTD) 61,5%, Disorder of excessive somnolence (DOES) 55,4%, dan Disorder of arousal (DA) 51,5%. Terdapat perbaikan keluhan mengantuk, perubahan mood, dan kesulitan bangun pagi. Terdapat penurunan nilai SDSC pre dan post intervensi (p < 0,001).Kesimpulan: Prevalens gangguan tidur anak usia sekolah 25,1%. Dampak intervensi sleep hygiene yaitu perbaikan keluhan mengantuk, perubahan mood, dan kesulitan bangun pagi. Terdapat perbedaan bermakan nilai SDSC pre dan post intervensi.ABSTRACT

Background: Sleep disorder is a condition characterized by disorder of amount, quality, or duration of sleep. Its impacts are difficulties in learning, memory, mood, behavior, and attention. No data of sleep hygiene intervention in Indonesia.

Objectives: To evaluate: (1) prevalence and description of sleep disorder in school age children, (2) impact of intervention on daytime sleepiness, mood, difficulty waking up, and duration of sleep, (3) impact of intervention on SDSC and PDSS score.

Methods: A quasi experiment study in 3 elementary school in Central Jakarta on Mei-June 2015. Screening of sleep disorder used the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) and the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS). Students with sleep disorder followed intervention for 8 weeks. Evaluation used SDSC and PDSS.

Results: There were 25.1% subjects with sleep disorders, consisting of Disorder of initiating and maintaining sleep (DIMS) 61.5%, Sleep wake transition disorder (SWTD) 61.5%, Disorder of excessive somnolence (DOES) 55.4%, and Disorder of arousal (DA) 51.5%. There were improvements in daytime sleepiness, mood, difficulty waking up, and the SDSC score.

Conclusions: Sleep disorder prevalence in school age children is 25.1%. Sleep hygiene intervention shows improvement in daytime sleepiness, mood, difficulty waking up, and significant improvement of the SDSC score.;Background: Sleep disorder is a condition characterized by disorder of amount, quality, or duration of sleep. Its impacts are difficulties in learning, memory, mood, behavior, and attention. No data of sleep hygiene intervention in Indonesia.

Objectives: To evaluate: (1) prevalence and description of sleep disorder in school age children, (2) impact of intervention on daytime sleepiness, mood, difficulty waking up, and duration of sleep, (3) impact of intervention on SDSC and PDSS score.

Methods: A quasi experiment study in 3 elementary school in Central Jakarta on Mei-June 2015. Screening of sleep disorder used the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) and the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS). Students with sleep disorder followed intervention for 8 weeks. Evaluation used SDSC and PDSS.

Results: There were 25.1% subjects with sleep disorders, consisting of Disorder of initiating and maintaining sleep (DIMS) 61.5%, Sleep wake transition disorder (SWTD) 61.5%, Disorder of excessive somnolence (DOES) 55.4%, and Disorder of arousal (DA) 51.5%. There were improvements in daytime sleepiness, mood, difficulty waking up, and the SDSC score.

Conclusions: Sleep disorder prevalence in school age children is 25.1%. Sleep hygiene intervention shows improvement in daytime sleepiness, mood, difficulty waking up, and significant improvement of the SDSC score., Background: Sleep disorder is a condition characterized by disorder of amount, quality, or duration of sleep. Its impacts are difficulties in learning, memory, mood, behavior, and attention. No data of sleep hygiene intervention in Indonesia.

Objectives: To evaluate: (1) prevalence and description of sleep disorder in school age children, (2) impact of intervention on daytime sleepiness, mood, difficulty waking up, and duration of sleep, (3) impact of intervention on SDSC and PDSS score.

Methods: A quasi experiment study in 3 elementary school in Central Jakarta on Mei-June 2015. Screening of sleep disorder used the Sleep Disturbance Scale for Children (SDSC) and the Pediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS). Students with sleep disorder followed intervention for 8 weeks. Evaluation used SDSC and PDSS.

Results: There were 25.1% subjects with sleep disorders, consisting of Disorder of initiating and maintaining sleep (DIMS) 61.5%, Sleep wake transition disorder (SWTD) 61.5%, Disorder of excessive somnolence (DOES) 55.4%, and Disorder of arousal (DA) 51.5%. There were improvements in daytime sleepiness, mood, difficulty waking up, and the SDSC score.

Conclusions: Sleep disorder prevalence in school age children is 25.1%. Sleep hygiene intervention shows improvement in daytime sleepiness, mood, difficulty waking up, and significant improvement of the SDSC score.]"