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"Pneumonia merupakan infeksi saluran pernapasan akut yang mengenai jaringan paru-paru (alveoli). Pneumonia di Indonesia masih menjadi salah satu penyebab utama kematian balita dan terus menempati posisi teratas penyebab kematian pada balita. Menurut Riskesdas tahun 2018, prevalensi pneumonia pada balita sebesar 4,8%. Provinsi Nusa Tenggara Timur, Papua Barat, dan Papua yang berada di wilayah Indonesia Timur memiliki prevalensi pneumonia pada balita melebihi angka nasional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor (faktor lingkungan rumah, karakteristik balita, dan karakteristik ibu balita) yang berhubungan dengan gejala pneumonia pada balita di Wilayah Indonesia Timur. Data yang digunakan bersumber dari Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) 2017 dengan sampel sebanyak 191 balita. Desain yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa proporsi gejala pneumonia pada balita di wilayah Indonesia Timur adalah sebesar 14,1%. Tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor lingkungan rumah, karakteristik balita, dan karakteristik ibu balita dengan gejala pneumonia pada balita. Terdapat 4 variabel yang memiliki risiko lebih tingi bagi balita untuk memiliki gejala pneumonia, yaitu jenis dinding (OR=1,64), status imunisasi (OR=1,83), pemberian vitamin A (OR=1,83), dan pendidikan ibu (OR=1,96).

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Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that affects the lung tissue (alveoli). Pneumonia in Indonesia is still one of the main causes of under-five deaths and continues to occupy the top position as the cause of under-five deaths. According to the 2018 Riskesdas, the prevalence of pneumonia in children under-five is 4.8%. The provinces of East Nusa Tenggara, West Papua and Papua, which are in the eastern part of Indonesia, have a prevalence of pneumonia in children under-five exceeding the national figure. This study aims to analyze the factors (home environment factors, characteristics of children under-five, and characteristics of mothers) that are associated with the symptoms of pneumonia in children under-five in Eastern Indonesia Region. The data used comes from the 2017 Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) with a sample of 191 children under-five. The design used is cross-sectional. The results showed that the proportion of pneumonia symptoms in children under-five in Eastern Indonesia was 14.1%. There is no significant relationship between home environmental factors, the characteristics of children under-five, and characteristics of mothers with pneumonia symptoms in children under-five. There are 4 variables that have a higher risk for children under-five to have pneumonia symptoms, namely the type of wall (OR=1.64), immunization status (OR=1.83), administration of vitamin A (OR=1.83), and mother's education (OR=1.96). "

"Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran karakteristik penderita pneumonia balita dan faktor resiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia balita. Studi ini dilakukan pada bulan Februari sampai Maret 2014 di 1 Puskesmas kecamatan dan 5 Puskesmas kelurahan yang ada di wilayah Kecamatan Ciracas. Desain Studi yang digunakan adalah desain potong lintang (cross sectional).Jumlah sampel pada studi ini adalah 556 responden. Sampel diambil secara proportional stratified random sampling. Dari studi ini diketahui balita yang menderita pneumonia sebesar 152 balita (27,3%) dan yang tidak menderita pneumonia sebanyak 404 balita (72,7%).Hasil analisis multivariat menunjukan terdapat beberapa faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia yaitu, ASI Eksklusif OR 3,630 (95% CI: 2,266-5,818), status gizi balita OR 2,126 (95% CI: 1,191-3,777), riwayat imunisasi campak OR 2,372 (95% CI: 1,326-4,245), pengetahuan ibu OR 2,126 (95% CI: 1,197-3,777), sosial ekonomi OR 1,948 (95% CI 1,216-3,121), dan polusi rumah tangga OR 2,466 (95% CI: 1,405-4,330). Upaya intervensi terhadap perbaikan status gizi balita, promosi ASI eksklusif, status imunisasi campak, polusi dalam rumah tangga, dan peningkatan pengetahuan ibu, mempunyai peranan yang penting bagi pencegahan penyakit pneumonia pada balita.

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This study aims to reveal the characteristics of pneumonia on children under five years old and factors associated with the occurrence of pneumonia on children under five years old. This study was conducted from February to March 2014 in six public health centers (Puskesmas) Ciracas sub-district, Eastern Jakarta. Cross sectional design was used in this study with the sample size of 556 respondents (mothers of children). Sample was taken by proportional stratified random sampling method.

It was found that 27.3% among respondent`s children were diagnosed with pneumonia. Result of multivariate analysis showed that there are some factors associated with the occurrence of pneumonia on children under five years old including exclusive breast-feeding with OR 3.630 (95% CI: 2.266-5.818), nutrition status OR 2.126 (95% CI: 1.191-3.777), measles immunization OR 2.372 (95% CI: 1.326-4.245), mother`s knowledge OR 2.126 (95% CI: 1.197-3.777), socio-economy OR 1.948 (95% CI 1.216-3.121), and indoor pollution OR 2.466 (95% CI: 1.405-4.330). Intervention efforts such as enhancing children`s nutritional status, promotion of exclusive breast feeding, measles immunization, mother`s knowledge, socio-economy and indoor pollution play an important role in the prevention of pneumonia on children under five years old."

"Pneumonia menjadi salah satu penyebab kematian tertinggi yang terjadi pada pasien anak yang menjalani rawat inap di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto dari tahun 2010 - 2012.Penelitian bertujuan mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto. Jenis penelitian observasional menggunakan pendekatan kasus kontrol.Hasil penelitian menunjukkan ada hubungan antara karakteristik balita (umur, riwayat BBLR, jenis kelamin, status imunisasi campak, status pemberian vitamin A, status gizi balita, dan pemberian ASI eksklusif), karakteristik ibu (pendidikan, pekerjaan dan pengetahuan) serta kepadatan hunian dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita di RSUD Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Purwokerto. Pendidikan ibu merupakan faktor risiko paling dominan berhubungan dengan kejadian pneumonia pada balita (Exp ( ) = 4,509). Edukasi kepada orang tua yang disesuaikan dengan latar belakang pendidikan diperlukan sebagai upaya pencegahan pneumonia.

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Pneumonia has become one of the highest mortality contributors among paediatric patients who admitted to Inpatient Department in Margono Soekarjo Hospital Purwokerto (MSHP) from 2010 - 2012. There are several factors which influence the morbidity and mortality rate due to pneumonia in underfive children.

This study aimed to identified risk factors related to the prevalence of pneumonia in children underfive years old in Margono Soekarjo Hospital Purwokerto. This study was an observational study which used case control approah.

The results showed that there were association between underfive children characteristics (age, history of low birth weight, sex, measles immunization status, vitamin A supplementation record, nutritional status, and exclusive breastfeeding), mother characteristics (education, occupation, and knowledge) and overcrowding with the prevalence of pneumonia in MSHP. Among those variables, education was the most dominant risk factor associated with occurence of pnemonia (Exp (β) = 4,509)."

"Pneumonia merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian terbanyak pada balita di Indonesia. Tingginya tingkat kejadian pneumonia pada balita dapat berhubungan dengan rendahnya pengetahuan, sikap serta perilaku orangtua terhadap pneumonia dan pencegahannya. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui hubungan antara pengetahuan dan sikap dengan perilaku orangtua balita tentang pneumonia. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional. Data diambil dari wawancara berdasarkan kuesioner terhadap orangtua pasien balita berusia 9 bulan - 5 tahun tahun di RSCM Kiara tahun 2015. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi Square atau Fisher. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional. Data diambil dari wawancara berdasarkan kuesioner terhadap orangtua pasien balita berusia 9 bulan - 5 tahun tahun di RSCM Kiara tahun 2015. Analisis data dilakukan menggunakan uji Chi Square atau Fisher. Dari 96 subjek didapatkan 51 orang (53,1%) memiliki kategori pengetahuan cukup baik, 74 orang (77,1%) memiliki sikap positif, dan 49 orang (51%) berperilaku baik terhadap pencegahan pneumonia. Tidak ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna antara tingkat pengetahuan dengan perilaku orangtua tentang pneumonia (p= 0,712). Hubungan tidak bermakna juga didapatkan antara sikap dengan perilaku orangtua (p=0,649). Lebih dari setengah subjek memiliki pengetahuan dan perilaku yang baik, sedangkan tiga perempat subjek memiliki sikap postitif tentang pneumonia. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara pengetahuan dan sikap dengan perilaku orangtua tentang pneumonia.

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Pneumonia is one of the most leading causes of death among under 5 children in Indonesia. The high incidence of pneumonia among under 5 children might be related to parents low level of knowledge, attitude, and behavior regarding pneumonia and its prevention.. This study was a cross-sectional study. Data was collected from parents of children aged 9 months - 5 years, using guided questionnaire, in RSCM Kiara during September 2015. The data was analyzed by Chi Square or Fisher test. There were 96 subjects recruited and 51 subjects (53,1 %) had fair knowledge, 74 subjects (77,1 %) had positive attitude, and 49 subjects (51 %) had good behavior regarding pneumonia. There were no significant associations between the level of knowledge toward parents’ behavior (p = 0,712), nor between the level of attitude toward parents’ behavior (p = 0,649) regarding pneumonia. Based on the research, more than a half of the subjects had good knowledge and behavior, while three quarters of the subjects had positive attitude regarding pneumonia. There were no significant associations between knowledge and attitude toward parents’ behavior regarding pneumonia."

"Pasien anak dengan pneumonia mengalami gangguan pernapasan berupa sesak dan napas cepat yang mempengaruhi saturasi oksigen, oleh karena itu dibutuhkan intervensi berupa pengaturan posisi yang tepat yang bisa meningkatkan saturasi oksigen dan frekuensi napas. Terpenuhinya oksigen akan mempengaruhi kesembuhan anak sehingga akan mengurangi lama rawat di rumah sakit. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasikan pengaruh pengaturan posisi lateral kanan dan pronasi terhadap saturasi oksigen dan frekuensi napas pada balita pneumonia. Desain penelitian adalah quasi eksperimental pre-posttest with control group design. Responden berjumlah 32 balita pneumonia (lateral kanan =16 dan kelompok kontrol =16), secara consecutive sampling. Analisis yang dilakukan univariate dan bivariate. Ada perbedaan bermakna saturasi oksigen dan frekuensi napas pada pengaturan posisi lateral kanan sehingga posisi lateral kanan dapat diterapkan untuk saturasi oksigen dan frekuensi napas pada balita pneumonia. Penelitian selanjutnya agar menggunakan time series dengan sampel yang lebih besar serta tidak terbatas pada posisi lateral kanan dan pronasi.

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Pediatric patients with pneumonia experience respiratory distress in the form of shortness and rapid breathing which affects oxygen saturation, therefore intervention is needed in the form of proper positioning that can increase oxygen saturation and breathing frequency. Fulfillment of oxygen will affect the healing of children so that it will reduce the length of stay in hospital. The purpose of this study was to identify the effect of right lateral positioning and pronation on oxygen saturation and breath frequency in toddlers pneumonia. The study design was a quasi experimental pre-posttest with control group design. Respondents were 32 toddlers with pneumonia (right lateral = 16 and control group = 16), by consecutive sampling. Univariate and bivariate analyzes were performed. There is a significant difference in oxygen saturation and breath frequency in the right lateral position so that the right lateral position can be applied to oxygen saturation and breath frequency in toddlers pneumonia. Future studies should use time series with larger samples and not limited to the right lateral position and pronation."

"Latar Belakang: Pneumonia berat adalah infeksi saluran napas yang masih memiliki angka mortalitas yang tinggi. Pasien pneumonia berat sering kali memerlukan intubasi untuk mencapai ventilasi yang adekuat. Terjadinya kegagalan ekstubasi dapat meningkatkan komplikasi dan mortalitas pada pasien, sehingga pasien dengan risiko gagal ekstubasi perlu dikenali sedini mungkin.Tujuan: Mengetahui faktor yang dapat memprediksi kegagalan ekstubasi pada pasien pneumonia beratMetode: Studi ini merupakan studi kohort retrospektif yang melibatkan pasien dengan pneumonia berat yang terintubasi dan dirawat di ICU/HCU RSCM pada tahun 2015-2019. Data pasien dan hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium diambil dari rekam medis. Analisis bivariat dilakukan dengan uji Chi-square atau uji Fischer, sementara analisis multivariat dilakukan dengan uji regresi cox.Hasil: Sebanyak 192 subjek pasien pneumonia berat dilibatkan dalam penelitian ini. Insidensi kegagalan ekstubasi pada pasien pneumonia berat di RSCM adalah 70,3%, dengan angka mortalitas pada pasien yang mengalami gagal ekstubasi adalah sebesar 85,2%. Dari analisis bivariat, didapatkan usia >60 tahun, merokok, Charlson Comorbidity Index sedang-berat, tidak adanya penyakit neuromuskular, terapi pengganti ginjal, prokalsitonin > 2 ng/mL, dan skor APACHE II ≥25 sebagai variabel yang berhubungan signifikan dengan kegagalan ekstubasi. Selanjutnya, analisis multivariat menemukan bahwa Charlson Comorbidity Index sedang-berat (p=0,002, HR 2,254, IK95% 1,353-3,755), dan prokalsitonin > 2 ng/mL (p<0,001, HR 1,859, IK95% 1,037-3,333) merupakan prediktor independen terhadap kegagalan ekstubasi pada pasien pneumonia berat.Kesimpulan: Faktor-faktor yang secara independen merupakan prediktor kegagalan ekstubasi pada pasien pneumonia berat adalah Charlson Comorbidity Index sedang-berat, dan kadar prokalsitonin > 2 ng/mL.

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Background: Severe pneumonia is a lower respiratory tract infection still presenting with a high a mortality rate. Patients with severe pneumonia often require intubation in order to achieve adequate ventilation. Extubation failure, however, is associated with increased complications and mortality. Therefore, it is crucial to recognize risk factors associated with extubation failure as soon as possible.

Objective: To determine the predictors associated with extubation failure in patients with severe pneumonia

Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted, which included patients with severe pneumonia who were intubated in ICU/HCU of Ciptomangunkusumo General Hospital over the period of 2015-2019. Patient characteristics and laboratory values were obtained from medical records. Bivariate analysis was performed with Chi-square or Fischer test, whereas multivariate analysis was performed with cox regression model.

Results: A total of 192 subjects with severe pneumonia was included in this study. Incidence of extubation failure among patients with severe pneumonia was 70,3%, with a mortality rate of 85,2%. Bivariate analyses found that age of >60 years, smoking history, moderate-to-severe Charlson Comorbidity Index, procalcitonin > 2 ng/mL, not having neuromuscular disease, renal replacement therapy, and APACHE II score of ≥25 were significantly associated with extubation failure. In multivariate analysis, moderate-to-severe Charlson Comorbidity Index (p=0,002, HR 2,254, 95% CI 1,353-3,755) and procalcitonin > 2 ng/mL (p<0,001, HR 1,859, 95% CI 1,037-3,333) were found to be independent predictors of extubation failure in patients with severe pneumonia.

Conclusion: Moderate-to-severe Charlson Comorbidity Index and procalcitonin level of > 2 ng/mL were independent predictors of extubation failure in patients with severe pneumonia."

"[ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Parameter ektubasi yang ada saat ini masih belum akurat sehingga terjadi kesulitan penyapihan ventilasi mekanis pada pasien pneumonia. Salah satu sistem penilaian untuk diagnosis dan evaluasi pneumonia adalah skor modified clinical pulmonary infection score (MCPIS). Skor ini menilai faktor suhu tubuh, hitung jenis dan jumlah leukosit, volume dan sifat sekret trakea, oksigenasi dan rontgen toraks. Pemantauan MCPIS diharapkan dapat menjadi alat bantu untuk penilaian keberhasilan penyapihan, prediktor ekstubasi, serta gambaran prognosis pasien pneumonia di UPI.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi kohort prospektif pada pasien UPI dengan diagnosis pneumonia dan penggunaan ventilasi mekanis di UPI RSUPN Cipto Mangunkusumo bulan Oktober 2014 sampai Februari 2015. Subjek dengan diagnosis pneumonia yang dirawat di UPI dengan ventilasi mekanis dinilai skor MCPIS pada awal dan setelah 72 jam perawatan. Tanggal pasien diekstubasi dicatat untuk mengetahui lama ventiasi mekanis subjek.Hasil: Sebanyak 48 subjek diikutsertakan dalam penelitian. Skor MCPIS awal (median 6) secara keseluruhan lebih tinggi dari pada skor MCPIS setelah 72 jam (median 5) dengan lama ventilasi mekanis berkisar 3-19 hari (median 7). Tidak didapatkan korelasi yang bermakna antara skor MCPIS awal dengan lama ventilasi mekanis (p=0,180; r=0,197). Terdapat korelasi yang bermakna antara skor MCPIS setelah 72 jam dengan lama ventilasi mekanis dengan kekuatan korelasi sedang dan arah korelasi positif (p=0,000; r=0,539).Simpulan: Terdapat korelasi bermakna antara skor MCPIS setelah 72 jam dengan lama ventilasi mekanis pada pasien pneumonia di UPI.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Extubation parameters that currently used is not accurate hence weaning from mechanical ventilation is difficult to perform in pneumonia patient so a scoring system is needed. One of scoring system for diagnosis and evaluation pneumonia is modified clinical pulmonary infection score (MCPIS) score. This score evaluates temperature, leucocyte count and differential count, volume and consistency tracheal secret, oxygenation and chest x-ray. MCPIS monitoring can be expected as tool for evaluating weaning process, extubation predictor and prognostic prediction for pneumonia patient in ICU.Methode: This is a prospective cohort study in ICU patient with pneumonia diagnosis and mechanical ventilation in Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital's ICU from October 2014 to February 2015. Subject diagnosed with pneumonia in ICU with mechanical ventilation was scored with early and after 72 hours MCPIS score. Date of extubation was recorded to find out mechanical ventilation duration.Result: A total of 48 subjects enrolled in this study. Early MCPIS score (median 6) was higher than MCPIS score after 72 hours (median 5) with mechanical ventilation duration 3-19 days (median 7). There was no significant correlation between early MCPIS score with mechanical ventilation duration (p=0,180; r=0,197). There was significant correlation between MCPIS score after 72 hours with mechanical ventilation duration. The strength of correlation was moderate and the direction of correlation was positive (p=0,000; r=0,539).Conclusion: There was significant correlation between MCPIS after 72 hours with mechanical ventilation duration in pneumonia patient in ICU.;Background: Extubation parameters that currently used is not accurate hence weaning from mechanical ventilation is difficult to perform in pneumonia patient so a scoring system is needed. One of scoring system for diagnosis and evaluation pneumonia is modified clinical pulmonary infection score (MCPIS) score. This score evaluates temperature, leucocyte count and differential count, volume and consistency tracheal secret, oxygenation and chest x-ray. MCPIS monitoring can be expected as tool for evaluating weaning process, extubation predictor and prognostic prediction for pneumonia patient in ICU. Methode: This is a prospective cohort study in ICU patient with pneumonia diagnosis and mechanical ventilation in Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital's ICU from October 2014 to February 2015. Subject diagnosed with pneumonia in ICU with mechanical ventilation was scored with early and after 72 hours MCPIS score. Date of extubation was recorded to find out mechanical ventilation duration. Result: A total of 48 subjects enrolled in this study. Early MCPIS score (median 6) was higher than MCPIS score after 72 hours (median 5) with mechanical ventilation duration 3-19 days (median 7). There was no significant correlation between early MCPIS score with mechanical ventilation duration (p=0,180; r=0,197). There was significant correlation between MCPIS score after 72 hours with mechanical ventilation duration. The strength of correlation was moderate and the direction of correlation was positive (p=0,000; r=0,539). Conclusion: There was significant correlation between MCPIS after 72 hours with mechanical ventilation duration in pneumonia patient in ICU., Background: Extubation parameters that currently used is not accurate hence weaning from mechanical ventilation is difficult to perform in pneumonia patient so a scoring system is needed. One of scoring system for diagnosis and evaluation pneumonia is modified clinical pulmonary infection score (MCPIS) score. This score evaluates temperature, leucocyte count and differential count, volume and consistency tracheal secret, oxygenation and chest x-ray. MCPIS monitoring can be expected as tool for evaluating weaning process, extubation predictor and prognostic prediction for pneumonia patient in ICU. Methode: This is a prospective cohort study in ICU patient with pneumonia diagnosis and mechanical ventilation in Cipto Mangunkusumo hospital's ICU from October 2014 to February 2015. Subject diagnosed with pneumonia in ICU with mechanical ventilation was scored with early and after 72 hours MCPIS score. Date of extubation was recorded to find out mechanical ventilation duration. Result: A total of 48 subjects enrolled in this study. Early MCPIS score (median 6) was higher than MCPIS score after 72 hours (median 5) with mechanical ventilation duration 3-19 days (median 7). There was no significant correlation between early MCPIS score with mechanical ventilation duration (p=0,180; r=0,197). There was significant correlation between MCPIS score after 72 hours with mechanical ventilation duration. The strength of correlation was moderate and the direction of correlation was positive (p=0,000; r=0,539). Conclusion: There was significant correlation between MCPIS after 72 hours with mechanical ventilation duration in pneumonia patient in ICU.]"

"Pneumonia merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan yang terjadi di daerah perkotaan. Lingkungan perkotaan yang padat, udara yang tidak sehat, dan gaya hidup yang tidak sehat merupakan faktor risiko yang meningkatkan angka kejadian pneumonia pada masyarakat kota. Salah satu masalah yang dapat terjadi pada penderita pneumonia adalah gangguan bersihan jalan napas. Tujuan penulisan ini adalah untuk melakukan analisis evidence based mengenai terapi batuk efektif dalam mengatasi masalah gangguan bersihan jalan napas pada pasien pneumonia. Hasil dari pelaksanaan batuk efektif ini terbukti efektif dalam meningkatkan pengeluaran sekret pada pasien. Rekomendasi penulisan ini agar perawat mengajarkan terapi batuk efektif.

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Pneumonia is one of the health problems that occur in urban areas. Dense environment, polluted air, and unhealthy lifestyle are risk factors that increase the incidence of pneumonia in urban community. One of the problems that can occur in patients with pneumonia is impaired airway clearance. This study is aimed to do evidence based analyze about effective cough therapy to overcome impaired airway clearance in pneumonia patient. The result of effective cough therapy exercise is proved in increasing the excretion of secret in patient. Recommendation of this study is that nurses teach this effective cough therapy to pneumonia patients in order to overcome airway clearance disorders."

"Pneumonia selalu menduduki peringkat atas penyebab kematian anak di Indonesia dari tahun ke tahun. Pneumonia juga selalu berada pada daftar 10 penyakit terbesar setiap tahunnya di fasilitas kesehatan. Tingginya faktor risiko pneumonia yang terdapat di perkotaan membuat pneumonia menjadi salah satu masalah kesehatan di perkotaan. Karya ilmiah ini bertujuan untuk memberi gambaran asuhan keperawatan yang telah diberikan pada anak dengan bronkopneumonia di RSUP Fatmawati dan menganalisa tindakan fisioterapi dada sebagai terapi non farmakologi untuk masalah keperawatan ketidakefektifan bersihan jalan napas. Hasil yang diperoleh setelah melakukan fisioterapi dada pada anak dengan bronkopneumonia yaitu terjadi peningkatan status pernapasan yang ditandai dengan berkurangnya hasil scoring WCSSS.

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Pneumonia is always ranked top cause of child deaths in Indonesia from year to year. Pneumonia also always be on the list of 10 biggest disease each year in health care facilities. The high pneumonia risk factors contained in the urban make pneumonia became one health problem in urban areas. This paper aims to give an overview of nursing care that has been given to children with bronchopneumonia in Fatmawati chest physiotherapy and analyze actions as nonpharmacological therapy for nursing problems ineffectiveness airway clearance. The results obtained after chest physiotherapy in children with bronchopneumonia is an increase in respiratory status characterized by reduced WCSSS scoring results."

"Hospital Acquired Bronkopneumonia merupakan salah satu jenis pneumonia yang timbul dalam 48 jam atau lebih setelah masuk rumah sakit. Gejala yang ditimbulkan pada anak dengan pneumonia adalah batuk berdahak dan anak sulit untuk mengeluarkan dahaknya. Hal ini menjadi masalah keperawatan bersihan jalan napas tidak efektif. Fisioterapi dada merupakan salah satu intervensi keperawatan yang digunakan untuk membantu mengeluarkan sekret dari jalan napas. Tujuan penulisan karya ilmiah ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh fisioterapi dada pada anak dengan Hospital Acquired Bronkopneumonia. Karya tulis ilmiah ini ditulis berdasarkan hasil praktik mengelola pasien selama enam hari di salah satu rumah sakit di Depok. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa tindakan keperawatan fisioterapi dada terbukti efektif untuk membantu mengeluarkan sekret dari jalan napas dan memperbaiki status pernapasan. Hasil karya tulis ilmiah ini diharapkan dapat menjadi studi rekomendasi intervensi keperawatan mandiri yang dilakukan dalam upaya meningkatkan bersihan jalan napas pasien anak.

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Hospital Acquired Bronchopneumonia is a type of pneumonia that appears within 48 hours or more after entering the hospital. Symptoms that occur in children with pneumonia are coughing up phlegm and it is difficult for the child to expel the phlegm. This is a problem of ineffective airway clearance nursing. Chest physiotherapy is a nursing intervention used to help remove secretions from the airway. The purpose of writing this scientific work is to determine the effect of chest physiotherapy on children with Hospital Acquired Bronchopneumonia. This scientific paper was written based on the results of practice in managing patients for six days at a hospital in Depok. The results show that chest physiotherapy nursing procedures have proven effective in helping to remove secretions from the airway and improve respiratory status. It is hoped that the results of this scientific paper can become a study of recommendations for independent nursing interventions carried out in an effort to improve airway clearance for pediatric patients."