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"Indonesia mengimplementasikan konsep Community-Driven Development di wilayah perdesaan melalui Dana Desa sejak tahun 2015. Dana Desa menjadi salah satu instrumen untuk meminimalisasi dampak Covid-19 di wilayah perdesaan melalui kegiatan Padat Karya Tunai Desa dan Bantuan Langsung Tunai Dana Desa. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk memberikan gambaran evaluasi dampak Dana Desa dan BLT Dana Desa pada kesejahteraan ekonomi masyarakat perdesaan di setiap kuantil rumah tangga. Penelitian ini menggunakan data karakteristik 35.759 rumah tangga yang diperoleh dari data Susenas Maret & September 2020 yang disesuaikan dengan data Dana Desa di setiap wilayah kabupaten/kota. Data dianalisis menggunakan Smoothed Instrumental Variables Quantile Regression yang mampu mengatasi isu endogenitas dan menghasilkan estimasi yang robust. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Dana Desa dan BLT Dana Desa berdampak positif dan signifikan terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat perdesaan, tetapi dampaknya lebih dirasakan oleh masyarakat lapisan menengah ke atas. Rumah tangga yang lebih banyak merasakan manfaat Dana Desa adalah rumah tangga di wilayah Sumatera, sedangkan rumah tangga yang lebih banyak merasakan manfaat BLT Dana Desa adalah rumah tangga di wilayah Jawa.

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Indonesia has implemented the concept of Community-Driven Development in rural areas through Village Funds since 2015. Village Funds are one of the instruments to minimize the impact of Covid-19 in rural areas through Village Cash Labor Intensive activities (Padat Karya Tunai Desa-PKTD) and Village Fund Cash Direct Assistance (Bantuan Langsung Tunai Dana Desa-BLT Dana Desa). This research was conducted to provide an overview of the impact evaluation of Village Funds and BLT Dana Desa on the economic well-being of rural communities in each household quintile. This study uses data on the characteristics of 35,759 households obtained from merging results of the March & September 2020 Susenas data with the Village Fund data in each district/city area. Data were analyzed using Smoothed Instrumental Variables Quantile Regression which was able to overcome endogeneity issues and produce robust estimates. The study results show that the Village Fund and BLT Dana Desa have a positive and significant impact on economic well-being of rural households, but their impact is felt more by the upper middle class. Households that benefit more from the Village Fund are households in the Sumatra region, while households that benefit more from BLT Dana Desa are households in the Java region."

"Pada tahun 2015, pemerintah Indonesia meluncurkan program dana desa yang diberikan kepada pemerintah desa. Dana desa diharapkan dapat mendorong pembangunan berkelanjutan yang mempercepat daerah miskin mengejar ketertinggalan dari daerah kaya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi dampak dana desa terhadap proses konvergensi antar desa dan kelurahan dan antar desa. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa dana desa tidak berdampak bahkan memperlambat proses konvergensi antar desa dan kelurahan dan antar desa. Dan dana desa berdampak negatif terhadap pertumbuhan intensitas cahaya malam sebagai proksi aktivitas ekonomi.

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In 2015, the Indonesian government launched the village fund program given to rural-village. The village fund is expected to encourage sustainable development that accelerates poor areas to catch up with affluent areas. The study aims to identify the impact of the village fund program on the convergence process between rural- and urban-village and within rural-village. The study found village fund has no impact even slowing down convergence process between rural- and urban-village and within rural-village. Moreover, the village fund decreased night light intensity growth as a proxy economic activity."

"[Kemiskinan merupakan momok bagi pembangunan suatu negara. Selain menghambat pertumbuhan ekonomi, kemiskinan juga dapat menimbulkan masalah multidimensi. Untuk memecahkan masalah kemiskinan, pemerintah berupaya menggalakkan berbagai macam program pengentasan kemiskinan. Saat ini, Program Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (Community Driven Development-CDD)telah menjadi salah satu program yang sering dilakukan oleh negara-negara berkembang untuk mengelola tingkat kemiskinan. Konsep dasarnya sangat sederhana, yaitu pemberdayaan masyarakat, khususnya masyarakat miskin. Di Indonesia, pemerintah menerapkan Program CDD melalui Program NasionalPemberdayaan Masyarakat (PNPM) sebagai dasar dari kampanye pengurangan kemiskinan. Dalam pelaksanaannya, program PNPM membutuhkan keikutsertaan masyarakat miskin untuk berpartisipasi dalam perencanaan, pelaksanaan, monitoring dan evaluasi program. Sebuah studi dari keberhasilan PNPM dilakukan tak lama setelah program ini diluncurkan pada tahun 2007. Hasil studi terbaru menyebutkan bahwa PNPMcenderung dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan ekonomi yang mampu mengurangi jumlah orang miskin (pertumbuhan pro-kemiskinan). Namun ironisnya, program ini dihentikan oleh rezim baru di awal tahun 2015. Berangkat dari masalah ini, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas dari PNPM sebagai cara untuk mencapai pertumbuhan yang pro-kemiskinan (pro-poor growth). Cakupan makalah penelitian ini adalah merumuskan peran PNPM di tingkat nasional mengingat sebagian besar penelitian sebelumnya hanya terfokus pada daerahdaerahtertentu. Studi ini menghasilkan kesimpulan bahwa PNPM adalah instrumen yang bisa diterapkan untuk mencapai pertumbuhan yang prokemiskinan (pertumbuhan yang menguntungkan orang miskin). Dengan membatasi definisi kemiskinan secara absolut, setiap peningkatan dana PNPMyang menyertai pertumbuhan ekonomi, cenderung akan mengurangi kemiskinan.

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Poverty is a scourge for development of a country. Besides inhibiting the economic growth, poverty may also cause multidimensional problems. Thus, to solve poverty matters, many governments attempt to promote poverty alleviation programs in their countries. Currently, Community-Driven Development (CDD) Program has become one of the systems which is often practiced by developing countries in order to manage the poverty rate. Its basic concept is very simple. It empowers the communities, especially the poor, to unleash them from the shackles of poverty. In Indonesia, the government implements CDD Program through the so-called Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (PNPM) as

the basis of the poverty reduction campaign. In its implementation, PNPM program requires the poor communities to get involved in such actions as participation in planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the

programs. A study of the success of the PNPM to eradicate poverty was conducted shortly after the program was launched in 2007. The results of the latest studies suggested that the PNPM will likely be able to reduce the number of poor people in Indonesia. Nevertheless, after running for several years, the program was terminated by the new regime at the beginning of 2015. Departing from this issue, this study aims to investigate the effectiveness of PNPM as a means of alleviating poverty. Since most of the previous studies only focused on certain areas, this research paper is trying to formulate the role of PNPM at the national level. This study has come up with a conclusion that the PNPM is a workable instrument to achieve pro-poor growth, the growth which favours the poor. By limiting the definition of poverty in absolute terms, any increase in the PNPM funds, accompanying the economic growth, will likely reduce poverty more.;Poverty is a scourge for development of a country. Besides inhibiting the

economic growth, poverty may also cause multidimensional problems. Thus, to

solve poverty matters, many governments attempt to promote poverty alleviation

programs in their countries. Currently, Community-Driven Development (CDD)

Program has become one of the systems which is often practiced by developing

countries in order to manage the poverty rate. Its basic concept is very simple. It

empowers the communities, especially the poor, to unleash them from the

shackles of poverty. In Indonesia, the government implements CDD Program

through the so-called Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (PNPM) as

the basis of the poverty reduction campaign. In its implementation, PNPM

program requires the poor communities to get involved in such actions as

participation in planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the

programs.

A study of the success of the PNPM to eradicate poverty was conducted

shortly after the program was launched in 2007. The results of the latest studies

suggested that the PNPM will likely be able to reduce the number of poor people

in Indonesia. Nevertheless, after running for several years, the program was

terminated by the new regime at the beginning of 2015. Departing from this issue,

this study aims to investigate the effectiveness of PNPM as a means of alleviating

poverty. Since most of the previous studies only focused on certain areas, this

research paper is trying to formulate the role of PNPM at the national level. This

study has come up with a conclusion that the PNPM is a workable instrument to

achieve pro-poor growth, the growth which favours the poor. By limiting the

definition of poverty in absolute terms, any increase in the PNPM funds,

accompanying the economic growth, will likely reduce poverty more;Poverty is a scourge for development of a country. Besides inhibiting the

economic growth, poverty may also cause multidimensional problems. Thus, to

solve poverty matters, many governments attempt to promote poverty alleviation

programs in their countries. Currently, Community-Driven Development (CDD)

Program has become one of the systems which is often practiced by developing

countries in order to manage the poverty rate. Its basic concept is very simple. It

empowers the communities, especially the poor, to unleash them from the

shackles of poverty. In Indonesia, the government implements CDD Program

through the so-called Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (PNPM) as

the basis of the poverty reduction campaign. In its implementation, PNPM

program requires the poor communities to get involved in such actions as

participation in planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the

programs.

A study of the success of the PNPM to eradicate poverty was conducted

shortly after the program was launched in 2007. The results of the latest studies

suggested that the PNPM will likely be able to reduce the number of poor people

in Indonesia. Nevertheless, after running for several years, the program was

terminated by the new regime at the beginning of 2015. Departing from this issue,

this study aims to investigate the effectiveness of PNPM as a means of alleviating

poverty. Since most of the previous studies only focused on certain areas, this

research paper is trying to formulate the role of PNPM at the national level. This

study has come up with a conclusion that the PNPM is a workable instrument to

achieve pro-poor growth, the growth which favours the poor. By limiting the

definition of poverty in absolute terms, any increase in the PNPM funds,

accompanying the economic growth, will likely reduce poverty more;Poverty is a scourge for development of a country. Besides inhibiting the

economic growth, poverty may also cause multidimensional problems. Thus, to

solve poverty matters, many governments attempt to promote poverty alleviation

programs in their countries. Currently, Community-Driven Development (CDD)

Program has become one of the systems which is often practiced by developing

countries in order to manage the poverty rate. Its basic concept is very simple. It

empowers the communities, especially the poor, to unleash them from the

shackles of poverty. In Indonesia, the government implements CDD Program

through the so-called Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (PNPM) as

the basis of the poverty reduction campaign. In its implementation, PNPM

program requires the poor communities to get involved in such actions as

participation in planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the

programs.

A study of the success of the PNPM to eradicate poverty was conducted

shortly after the program was launched in 2007. The results of the latest studies

suggested that the PNPM will likely be able to reduce the number of poor people

in Indonesia. Nevertheless, after running for several years, the program was

terminated by the new regime at the beginning of 2015. Departing from this issue,

this study aims to investigate the effectiveness of PNPM as a means of alleviating

poverty. Since most of the previous studies only focused on certain areas, this

research paper is trying to formulate the role of PNPM at the national level. This

study has come up with a conclusion that the PNPM is a workable instrument to

achieve pro-poor growth, the growth which favours the poor. By limiting the

definition of poverty in absolute terms, any increase in the PNPM funds,

accompanying the economic growth, will likely reduce poverty more, Poverty is a scourge for development of a country. Besides inhibiting the

economic growth, poverty may also cause multidimensional problems. Thus, to

solve poverty matters, many governments attempt to promote poverty alleviation

programs in their countries. Currently, Community-Driven Development (CDD)

Program has become one of the systems which is often practiced by developing

countries in order to manage the poverty rate. Its basic concept is very simple. It

empowers the communities, especially the poor, to unleash them from the

shackles of poverty. In Indonesia, the government implements CDD Program

through the so-called Program Nasional Pemberdayaan Masyarakat (PNPM) as

the basis of the poverty reduction campaign. In its implementation, PNPM

program requires the poor communities to get involved in such actions as

participation in planning, implementation, monitoring and evaluation of the

programs.

A study of the success of the PNPM to eradicate poverty was conducted

shortly after the program was launched in 2007. The results of the latest studies

suggested that the PNPM will likely be able to reduce the number of poor people

in Indonesia. Nevertheless, after running for several years, the program was

terminated by the new regime at the beginning of 2015. Departing from this issue,

this study aims to investigate the effectiveness of PNPM as a means of alleviating

poverty. Since most of the previous studies only focused on certain areas, this

research paper is trying to formulate the role of PNPM at the national level. This

study has come up with a conclusion that the PNPM is a workable instrument to

achieve pro-poor growth, the growth which favours the poor. By limiting the

definition of poverty in absolute terms, any increase in the PNPM funds,

accompanying the economic growth, will likely reduce poverty more]"

"ABSTRAKKajian ini mencoba melihat dampak dari peningkatan kualitas permukiman kumuh terhadap penurunan kejadian banjir dan bencana tanah di tingkat desa di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan perbedaan-dalam-perbedaan (DID) pada model regresi logit, penelitian ini menganalisis pengaruh kebijakan dana desa di 24.343 desa di Indonesia selama periode 2006-2018. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setelah diterapkannya kebijakan dana desa, peluang terjadinya bencana pada kelompok perlakuan yaitu desa yang memiliki tingkat permukiman kumuh yang relatif tinggi adalah 0,761 kali lebih rendah dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol yaitu desa yang memiliki tingkat permukiman yang relatif rendah. tingkat permukiman kumuh dengan tingkat signifikansi 1%. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa pembangunan dan atau peningkatan kualitas infrastruktur di perdesaan kumuh berpengaruh signifikan terhadap penurunan kejadian bencana.ABSTRACTThis study tries to see the impact of improving the quality of slum settlements on reducing the incidence of floods and land disasters at the village level in Indonesia. Using the difference-in-difference (DID) approach in the logit regression model, this study analyzes the effect of village fund policies in 24,343 villages in Indonesia during the 2006-2018 period. The results showed that after the implementation of the village fund policy, the chances of a disaster occurring in the treatment group, namely villages that had relatively high slum settlement rates, were 0.761 times lower than the control group, namely villages that had relatively low settlement rates. slum settlement level with a significance level of 1%. This shows that the development and or improvement of infrastructure quality in slum villages has a significant effect on reducing the incidence of disasters."

"Pembangunan desa dan peningkatan status desa merupakan salah satu agenda utama Pemerintah Indonesia. Dana desa dianggap berperan penting dalam peningkatan tersebut, akan tetapi studi empiris tentang dana desa dan status desa masih terbatas. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memberikan bukti empiris dampak Dana Desa terhadap Perkembangan Status Desa sesuai Indeks Pembangunan Desa (IPD) per Kabupaten/Kota di Indonesia. Melalui penggunaan metode First Difference dengan data tahun 2014 dan 2018, saya menemukan bahwa dana desa berdampak secara parsial signifikan pada tingkat α=1% terhadap perkembangan status desa. Meskipun signifikan secara statistik, besaran koefisien regresi menunjukkan dampak yang kecil secara ekonomi.

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Village development and improving village status are among the main agendas of the Indonesian Government. Village fund maybe have an important role, however, empirical studies on village funds and village status are still limited. This study aims to prove impact of the Village Fund on the Development of Village Status according to the Village Development Index in Indonesia. Using First Difference method between 2014 and 2018, I found that village funds had a partially significant impact at level α=1% on the development of village status. Although statistically significant, the regression coefficient shows a small economic impact."

"

Penelitian ini menganalisis dampak Dana Desa terhadap kesejahteraan masyarakat yang ditunjukan oleh pengurangan jumlah penduduk miskin, peningkatan kesehatan dan peningkatan pendidikan. Untuk mengetahui dampak Dana Desa dilakukan analisis regresi terhadap tiga variabel yaitu rasio pra keluarga sejahtera, jmlah penderita gizi buruk dan angka partisipasi kasar sekolah. Dari ketiga model tersebut ditemukan bahwa Dana Desa mempunyai pengaruh untuk meningkatkan kesejahteraan masyarakat. Kebijakan supra desa masih banyak mengintervensi kewenangan desa sehingga otonomi desa tidak lagi berdasarkan hak asal usul dan adat istiadat.

 

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This study analyzes the impact of the Village Fund on the welfare of the community as shown by the reduction of the number of poor people, the improvement of health and the improvement of education. In order to know the impact of Village Fund done regression analysis of three variables, namely the pre prosperous family ratio, malnutrition and school gross enrollment rates. From the three models it is found that Village Fund have influence to improve peoples welfare. The supra-desa policy still interferes with village authority so that village autonomy is no longer based on the right of origin and tradition.

"

"ABSTRAKKemiskinan masih menjadi masalah utama di Indonesia. Salah satu penyebab masyarakat tidak bisa keluar dari kemiskinan adalah sulitnya sarana dan akses modal bagi masyarakat miskin. Pengentasan kemiskinan merupakan proses yang sulit, sehingga dibutuhkan model pemberdayaan yang baik. Alternatifnya adalah pendayagunaan dana zakat untuk pemberdayaan yang dilakukan oleh lembaga zakat. Salah satunya adalah LAZNAS Al Azhar dengan program pemberdayaan ekonomi ldquo;Sejuta Berdaya rdquo;. Skripsi ini ingin melihat bagaimana pemberdayaan ekonomi masyarakat desa yang dilakukan oleh LAZNAS Al Azhar, dengan studi kasus di Candali dan di Pengasinan. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan desain deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pemberdayaan ekonomi dengan lembaga zakat dapat mengurangi kemiskinan yang ada di masyarakat.

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ABSTRACTPoverty is still a major problem in Indonesia. One of the causes of society can rsquo t get out of poverty is the difficulty of facilities and access to capital for the poor. Poverty alleviation is a difficult process, so a good empowerment model is needed. The alternative is the utilization of zakat funds for empowerment conducted by zakat institutions. One of them is LAZNAS Al Azhar with Sejuta Berdaya economic empowerment program. This thesis wants to see how the economic empowerment of rural community conducted by LAZNAS Al Azhar, with case study in Candali and Pengasinan. This research is a qualitative research with descriptive design. The results showed that economic empowerment with zakat institutions can reduce poverty in the community."

"Perkembangan industri pariwisata sangat ditentukan oleh keberadaan infrastruktur daerah. Studi ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi pengaruh dari pembangunan infrastruktur wisata terhadap industri perhotelan dan penginapan dengan mengambil kasus Program Pengembangan Desa Wisata di Indonesia. Dengan menggunakan metode Difference-in-Differences (DID), penelitian ini menganalisa dampak sebelum dan sesudah adanya program pengembangan desa wisata antara 115 desa wisata yang mendapatkan program bantuan dan 266 desa wisata yang tidak mendapatkan program bantuan namun berada dalam satu kecamatan. Data yang digunakan adalah data panel yang bersumber dari data desa wisata Kementerian Desa, Pembangunan Daerah Tertinggal dan Transmigrasi dan Data BPS Podes tahun 2011, 2014, 2018, 2019 dan 2020. Studi ini menemukan bahwa desa wisata yang mendapatkan bantuan berpotensi meningkatkan jumlah hotel dan penginapan yang ada di desa sebanyak rata-rata 2 unit lebih banyak dibandingkan dengan desa wisata yang tidak mendapatkan bantuan dengan level signifikansi statistik sebesar 5%. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa desa wisata yang mendapatkan program bantuan dan memiliki daya tarik wisata pegunungan lebih signifikan meningkatkan industri perhotelan dan penginapan jika dibandingkan dengan desa yang memiliki daya tarik wisata pantai.

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The development of the tourism industry is mainly determined by the existence of regional infrastructure. This study aims to evaluate the effect of tourist infrastructure development on the accommodation industry by taking the case of the Tourism Village Development Program in Indonesia. Using the Difference-in-Differences (DID) method, this study analyzed the impact before and after the Tourism Village Development Program implementation between 115 tourism villages that received assistance programs and 266 that did not receive the assistance but were in one sub-district. The panel data used in this study are combined from tourism village data from the Ministry of Village, Development of Disadvantaged Regions and Transmigration and National Village Potential Data (PODES) in 2011, 2014, 2018, 2019 and 2020. This study found that tourist villages that get assistance potentially increase the number of hotels and inns in the village by an average of two more units compared to tourist villages that do not get assistance with a statistical significance level of 5%. In addition, this study also found that tourist villages that get assistance programs and have mountain tourism attractions more significantly increase the accommodation industry compared to those with beach tourism attractions"

"Otonomi Desa memberikan kesempatan bagi desa untuk mewujudkan pembangunan perdesaan yang lebih maju dan sejahtera. Pembangunan desa menurut beberapa literatur memerlukan pendanaan yang memadai. Di Indonesia, Dana Desa menjadi salah satu pendanaan utama bagi desa sejak tahun 2015. Selain pengaruh besaran Dana Desa, penelitian ini melakukan evaluasi penting pada peranan pimpinan desa dalam optimalisasi pengelolaan Dana Desa. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis secara empiris pengaruh dukungan pendidikan kepala desa dalam pengelolaan Dana Desa terhadap perkembangan status desa di Indonesia. Dengan penggunaan metode regresi linear berganda yang bersifat cross section pada data antara tahun 2018 dan 2020, penelitian ini memberikan kesimpulan bahwa pengelolaan Dana Desa akan lebih efektif mempengaruhi perkembangan pembangunan desa jika desa mempunyai kepala desa berpendidikan di atas SMA.

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Village Autonomy provides opportunities for villages to realize more advanced and prosperous rural development. According to some literature, village development needs sufficient funds. In Indonesia, Village Fund has become one of the essential funds for villages since 2015. Besides the effect of Village Fund amount, this study evaluates the role of village leaders in optimizing Village Fund management. This study aims to analyze the effect of village head education support in managing the Village Fund on the development of village status in Indonesia empirically. By using the multiple linear regression method that is cross-sectional in the data between 2018 and 2020, this study concludes that the management of the Village Fund will be more effective in influencing the growth of village development if the village has a village head with an education above high school."

"Artikel ini membahas tentang analisa pelaksanaan Pemberdayaan Masyarakat Desa Melalui Pelaksanaan Program Dana Pembangunan Desa DPD di Pemerintah Desa Margalaksana. Penelitian ini adalah penelitian kualitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa Pemberdayaan yang dilaksanakan di Desa Margalaksana terutama dalam Program Dana Pembangunan Desa DPD lebih banyak difokuskan kepada pembangunan fisik, padahal pembangunan sumber daya masyarakat lebih penting dilaksanakan mengingat masyarakat Desa Margalaksana memiliki sumber daya masyarakat yang rendah. Melalui Program Dana Pembangunan Desa DPD dapat dilihat bahwa pemberdayaan masyarakat melalui Program Dana Pembangunan Desa DPD belum dapat berkontribusi pada peningkatan kualitas desa di Desa Margalaksana karena disebabkan oleh kegiatan-kegiatan yang dilaksanakan belum dapat menunjang kebutuhan masyarakat antara lain tidak tersedianya pelayanan dasar, tidak tersedianya infrastruktur, tidak tersedianya aksesbilitas, pelayanan umum belum baik dan penyelnggaraan pemerintahan yang belum baik.

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This article discusses the analysis of the implementation of the Rural Community Empowerment Through the Implementation Rural Development Funds Village Programme DPD in the village government Margalaksana. This research is a qualitative descriptive approach. These results indicate that the empowerment held in the village of Margalaksana especially in the Village Development Funds Village Programme DPD more focused on physical development, but development is more important community resources carried out considering the villagers Margalaksana have low public resources.

Through the Village Development Fund DPD it can be seen that the empowerment of communities through the Rural Development Funds Village Programme DPD has not been able to contribute to improving the quality of rural village Margalaksana because it is caused by activities carried out have not been able to support the needs of the community, among others, the unavailability of basic services , lack of infrastructure, lack of accessibility, public service is not good and not good governance."