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"Environmental sustainability and poverty are some of the most important targets in the United Nations Millennium Development Goals. However, the relationship between employment and forestry development is unclear, especially when it comes to illegal logging. This study aims to generate projections for forestry and other land use in Indonesia and develop policy scenarios to decrease unemployment and improve environmental sustainability by examining natural forests, logging, forest plantations, ivood-based industries and trade. The study observes the components of natural forest, logging, forest plantation, wood-based industries and trade. The study uses systems dynamic to implement a model of interaction among forest structure industries, actors and their institutions. The study finds that the current practice of forest management will experience growth in employment before it collapses, starting with Riau followed by East Kalimantan and Papua. Massive forest planting will benefit deforested land, but may jeopardize employment and livelihood in community land. Land tenure reform can boost the employment to meet the overall government target on unemployment level of 5.11% in year 2009."

"The problems of youth, especially from the employment side.have already taken attention for a long time to the experts, observers andthose who are concerned. In the international level, a high commission hasalready established by United Nations, the World Bank and the ILO tohandle the youth employment specially, This commission recommended anew approach that is new political commitment and teamwork to solve theopportunity of youth employment. The four prior policies recommended areemployability. equality, entrepreneurship, and employment creation. Thestudy discussed the aspects of youth employment in Indonesia, based on thepopulation data and from the empowerment of the youth employment aswell. During 30 years, the size of youth population (15-24 years) has beenincreasing highly, either the absolute number or the percentage of the totalpopulation. In the same time, their quality of education and their laborforce participation rate, by sex (male-female) and by living area (rural-urban), have been increasing continuously. The study reveals someimportant indicators which show that youth employment's problems havesignificantly contributed to the process of sustainable development overtime. The problems found including unemployment and underemployment.Meanwhile, the scope of the existing policies is still limited to solve theproblems of the youth nationally. Therefore. the policy and programreferred to the youth problems should be handled in the national level by aproperly institution. Without full awareness and clear actions from thewhole institutions concerned on the youth problems, the negative impact ofthe youth unemployment will be emerging restlessly."

"The success of Indonesian mining industry cannot be separated from the effort to improve mining policies which has attracted considerable number of foreign investment. Further improvement is required to accommodate future exploration and mining to be able to meet both national and investor interest. In the future, mineral exploration in Indonesia will be influenced by tighter space arrangement regulation. It is therefore recommended that people from mining industry could intensify exploration as well as mining development without damaging the environment. Besides that, they should be able to maintain important mineralized areas as mining areas."