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"Perang Saudara (1861-1865) dan masa Rekonstruksi (1865-1877) merupakan sebuah periode sejarah yang berulangkali mengalami reinterpretasi. Hingga saat ini peristiwa ini terus diingat bukan sekedar sebagai sebuah episode dalam sejarah Amerika melainkan telah menjadi sebuah legenda. Salah satu upaya untuk menghidupkan terus legenda seputar Perang Saudara dan masa Rekonstruksi yang menandai kelahiran kembali bangsa Amerika adalah diproduksinya film The Birth of a Nation yang disutradarai oleh DW Griffith pada tahun 1915.Masalah yang diteliti dalam tesis ini adalah reinterpretasi sejarah bangsa Amerika masa Perang Saudara dan masa Rekonstruksi seperti yang ditampilkan dalam film The Birth of a Nation. Tesis ini bertujuan untuk menunjukkan bahwa interpretasi kembali sejarah bangsa Amerika masa Perang Saudara dan masa Rekonstruksi dalam film tersebut merupakan upaya untuk melakukan rasionalisasi dan justifikasi atas kekalahan Selatan dalam Perang Saudara dan kegagalan program Rekonstruksi dengan menghidupkan kembali legenda The Lost Cause. Dengan demikian, film ini berharap dapat mengembalikan harga diri dan kehormatan Selatan yang harus menelan kekalahan pahit dalam Perang Saudara. Selain itu, Rekonstruksi pasca perang dianggap semakin mengacaukan kondisi masyarakat Amerika di Selatan sehingga film ini ingin mewujudkan tatanan ideal masyarakat sebagaimana sebelum pecahnya perang tersebut dengan membangkitkan kembali kejayaan `the Old South`.

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Reinterpreting the American History of the Civil War and Reconstruction Era: A Study of The Birth of a Nation. American Studies. Civil War (1861-1865) and Reconstruction (1865-1877) is a historical period that time and again has undergone so many reinterpretations. Hitherto, this event has been remembered not simply as an episode in the American history but more as a legend. One of the attempts to preserve the legend of Civil War and Reconstruction that marked the rebirth of America as a nation was the production of The Birth of a Nation, a film directed by DW Griffith in 1915.

The research problem of this thesis is the reinterpretation of the American history of the Civil War and Reconstruction era as depicted in the film The Birth of a Nation. This thesis proposes that the reinterpretation of the American history in the Civil War and Reconstruction era as portrayed in this film is an attempt to rationalize and justify Southern defeat and the failure of Reconstruction by reviving the myth of The Lost Cause. By doing so, this film is expected to salvage Southern pride and honor from the all-encompassing defeat. Furthermore, as the post-war Reconstruction has long been considered to bring ruin and degradation to the Southern society, this film wished to realize the ideal image of the antebellum Southern life by revitalizing the glory of `the Old South.`"

"Manuscripts are not supposed to be something unknown to the public and possessed by limited circle of people. Manuscripts are cultural heritage of a nation the content of which reflects the ideas, knowledge, tradition, and the patterns of behavior of the past society. As such they can be of use to different segments of society. This paper discusses the benefits of manuscripts to the efforts of reconstructing Islamic intellectual history in Indonesia by studying the case of local manuscripts in the Minang region. These manuscripts are not only the products of a writing tradition that had developed strongly in the Minangkabau society, but also a reflection of the living tradition of the society."