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"ABSTRACTA cross sectional study on cardiovascular disease risk profile was carried out in North Jakarta, Indonesia. One hundred six Chinese individuals (47 men and 59 women) aged 25 years and over were recruited to collect baseline information related to dietary determinants of cardiovascular risk profile.Result showed high prevalence of overweight /obesity and hypertension, especially in men (43% and 48.8%, respectively). The prevalence of current smoker was 12.2% of men and 3.9% of women. The prevalence of hyperlipidemia was 14.6% of men and 9.6% of women. Mean values of BMI, WHR, and blood pressure were significantly higher in men than in women. Body fatness and blood pressure in women were significantly increased with age. In women, total cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were associated with BMI, while triglyceride was associated with WHR.Intake of fresh fish, crabs/lobster/shrimp, sea weed, tomato and spinach decreased with advancing age of men. No food components that significantly correlated with age of women. There were no significant relationship between food intake and other socio-demographic characteristics. In men, lamb and chocolate intake were significantly associated with BMI while rice vermicelli and sweet bread were significantly correlated with blood pressure. Total cholesterol had significant correlation with pork sausage intake of men. In women, HDL cholesterol were significantly associated with ham and beef sausage, while LDL cholesterol were associated with duck intake.These findings suggested that women had more favorable cardiovascular risk profile than men and age was likely to be an important determinant factor for women. Men were more prevalent smoking habit and poorer attitude to health status than women."

"[ABSTRAKDurian merupakan buah tropis yang umum ditemukan di Asia Tenggara. Durian berasal dari keluarga Malvaceae dan genus Durio. High-density lipoprotein atau HDL adalah zat yang tidak larut dalam air dan memiliki fungsi untuk membawa kolesterol ester dan kolesterol dari jaringan kembali ke hati. Diyakini bahwa konsumsi durian berlebihan dapat menyebabkan status kesehatan yang buruk karena dapat meningkatkan tingkat kolesterol. Dalam penelitian ini, kami ingin mencoba untuk mengetahui apakah rumor ini benar atau tidak. Kami melakukan penelitian dengan rancangan penelitian eksperimental.Kami menggunakan tikus, dikelompokkan, dan kami memberi durian dalam periode tertentu. Pada setiap akhir periode, kami mengorbankan tikus dan mengambil darah untuk pemeriksaan. Kami menggunakan kit untuk mengukur tingkat HDL dan membandingkannya dengan kelompok kontrol yang tidak mengkonsumsi durian. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan konsentrasi HDL lebih rendah pada kelompok intervensi dibandingkan dengan kelompok kontrol di ketiga perbandingan. Namun, nilai p ditemukan tidak signifikan. Bentuk penelitian lain telah menemukan bahwa durian mengandung fenol dan flavonoid yang memiliki sifat antioksidan. Antioksidan dapat mengurangi risiko memiliki penyakit kardiovaskular dengan mencegah proses oksidasi LDL khusus oleh radikal bebas, spesies oksigen reaktif, dan spesies nitrogen reaktif. Rendahnya tingkat HDL adalah faktor risiko untuk aterosklerosis. Tapi, kita harus melihat dari pendekatan yang komprehensif mengenai konsumsi durian. Kita harus mengeksplorasi parameter lain seperti kolesterol total, LDL, dan trigliserida. Tingkat kolesterol total dalam penelitian ini mengalami penurunan. Jadi, kita tidak bisa menilaibahwa durian adalah buruk bagi kesehatan. Penyelidikan lebih lanjut mengenai profil lipid dan risiko memiliki penyakit kardiovaskular perlu dilakukan.

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ABSTRACTDurian is a tropical fruit commonly found in South East Asia. It comes from the family of Malvaceae and the genus of Durio. High-density lipoprotein or HDL is a substance that is insoluble in water and has the function to carry cholesterol and cholesterol esters from the tissues back into the liver. It is believed that durian consumption moreover if excessive can lead to bad health status due tot he increase of cholesterol level. In this research, we want to try to learn if this rumor is true or not. We done the research with experimental research design. We used rats, grouped them, and we give them durian in a certain period of time. In the end of each period, we sacrificed the rats and took their blood for examination. We use a kit to measured the HDL level and compare it to a control group who does not consume durian. The results showed lower HDL concentration in the intervention group compare to the control group in all three comparison. However, the p value is not significant for two comparisons. Form other studies, we had found that durian contains phenols and flavonoids which has antioxidant properties. Antioxidant can reduce the risk of having cardiovascular diseases by preventing the oxidation process specifically LDL by the free radicals, reactive oxygen species, and reactive nitrogen species. Low level of HDL is risk factors for atherosclerosis. But, we have to look from comprehensive approach regarding this durian consumption. We have to explore other parameters such as the total cholesterol, LDL, and Triglycerides. The total cholesterol level in this research is decreasing. So, we cannot judge that durian is bad for the health. Further investigations regarding the lipid profile and the risk of having cardiovascular disease is need to be done.;Durian is a tropical fruit commonly found in South East Asia. It comes from the family of Malvaceae and the genus of Durio. High-density lipoprotein or HDL is a substance that is insoluble in water and has the function to carry cholesterol and cholesterol esters from the tissues back into the liver. It is believed that durian consumption moreover if excessive can lead to bad health status due tot he increase of cholesterol level. In this research, we want to try to learn if this rumor is true or not. We done the research with experimental research design. We used rats, grouped them, and we give them durian in a certain period of time. In the end of each period, we sacrificed the rats and took their blood for examination. We use a kit to measured the HDL level and compare it to a control group who does not consume durian. The results showed lower HDL concentration in the intervention group compare to the control group in all three comparison. However, the p value is not significant for two comparisons. Form other studies, we had found that durian contains phenols and flavonoids which has antioxidant properties. Antioxidant can reduce the risk of having cardiovascular diseases by preventing the oxidation process specifically LDL by the free radicals, reactive oxygen species, and reactive nitrogen species. Low level of HDL is risk factors for atherosclerosis. But, we have to look from comprehensive approach regarding this durian consumption. We have to explore other parameters such as the total cholesterol, LDL, and Triglycerides. The total cholesterol level in this research is decreasing. So, we cannot judge that durian is bad for the health. Further investigations regarding the lipid profile and the risk of having cardiovascular disease is need to be done.;Durian is a tropical fruit commonly found in South East Asia. It comes from the family of Malvaceae and the genus of Durio. High-density lipoprotein or HDL is a substance that is insoluble in water and has the function to carry cholesterol and cholesterol esters from the tissues back into the liver. It is believed that durian consumption moreover if excessive can lead to bad health status due tot he increase of cholesterol level. In this research, we want to try to learn if this rumor is true or not. We done the research with experimental research design. We used rats, grouped them, and we give them durian in a certain period of time. In the end of each period, we sacrificed the rats and took their blood for examination. We use a kit to measured the HDL level and compare it to a control group who does not consume durian. The results showed lower HDL concentration in the intervention group compare to the control group in all three comparison. However, the p value is not significant for two comparisons. Form other studies, we had found that durian contains phenols and flavonoids which has antioxidant properties. Antioxidant can reduce the risk of having cardiovascular diseases by preventing the oxidation process specifically LDL by the free radicals, reactive oxygen species, and reactive nitrogen species. Low level of HDL is risk factors for atherosclerosis. But, we have to look from comprehensive approach regarding this durianconsumption. We have to explore other parameters such as the total cholesterol, LDL, and Triglycerides. The total cholesterol level in this research is decreasing. So, we cannot judge that durian is bad for the health. Further investigations regarding the lipid profile and the risk of having cardiovascular disease is need to be done., Durian is a tropical fruit commonly found in South East Asia. It comes from the family of Malvaceae and the genus of Durio. High-density lipoprotein or HDL is a substance that is insoluble in water and has the function to carry cholesterol and cholesterol esters from the tissues back into the liver. It is believed that durian consumption moreover if excessive can lead to bad health status due tot he increase of cholesterol level. In this research, we want to try to learn if this rumor is true or not. We done the research with experimental research design. We used rats, grouped them, and we give them durian in a certain period of time. In the end of each period, we sacrificed the rats and took their blood for examination. We use a kit to measured the HDL level and compare it to a control group who does not consume durian. The results showed lower HDL concentration in the intervention group compare to the control group in all three comparison. However, the p value is not significant for two comparisons. Form other studies, we had found that durian contains phenols and flavonoids which has antioxidant properties. Antioxidant can reduce the risk of having cardiovascular diseases by preventing the oxidation process specifically LDL by the free radicals, reactive oxygen species, and reactive nitrogen species. Low level of HDL is risk factors for atherosclerosis. But, we have to look from comprehensive approach regarding this durianconsumption. We have to explore other parameters such as the total cholesterol, LDL, and Triglycerides. The total cholesterol level in this research is decreasing. So, we cannot judge that durian is bad for the health. Further investigations regarding the lipid profile and the risk of having cardiovascular disease is need to be done.]"

"Praktik klinik lanjut di ruang neurologi untuk memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien gangguan neurologi menggunakan teori keperawatan Model Adaptasi Roy, menerapkan praktik keperawatan berdasarkan pembuktian dan melakukan inovasi keperawatan. Masalah keperawatan terbanyak akibat respon perilaku inefektif pada mode adaptasi fisiologis yaitu perfusi jaringan serebral tidak efektif, dan mode fungsi peran yaitu manajemen kesehatan diri tidak efektif. Intervensi keperawatan berdasarkan pembuktian yang telah diterapkan yaitu Skrining Malnutrisi menggunakan Mini Nutrional Assesment (MNA) dan Barthel Index (BI) yang dapat mendeteksi risiko kejadian malnutrisi pada pasien gangguan neurologi yang di rawat inap, sehingga dapat mencegah malnutrisi dengan kolaborasi dengan tim gizi. Inovasi keperawatan yaitu Bladder Training dengan menggunakan chart Bladder diary untuk mencegah kejadian infeksi nosokomial dan melatih pasien gangguan neurologi agar dapat berkemih mandiri tanpa bantuan alat. Perawat dapat menerapkan Model Adaptasi Roy, menerapkan skrining malnutrisi untuk mendeteksi awal risiko kejadian malnutrisi serta melakukan kegiatan inovatif dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada gangguan neurologi.

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Advanced clinical practice in neurology ward is conducted to give nursing implementation on patients with neurological system disorder by using Roy’s Adaptation theory, implementing nursing practice based on evidence and implementation of nursing innovation. The most frequent nursing problems that occurred resulted from ineffective behavior response on physical adaptation mode were ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion and role function mode, ineffective self-care management. Nursing intervention based on evidence-based practice on Malnutrition Screening by using Mini Nutritional Assesment (MNA) and Barthel Index (BI) is used to know the risk of malnutrition on patients with neurological in the ward, so we can prevent malnutrition by collaborating with the nutrition team. Nursing innovation with Bladder Training by using Bladder diary is used to prevent infection in hospital and to train patients with neurological system disorder, so that the patients can be autonomous without using any equipment. Nurses can implement Roy’s Adaptation Theory with Malnutrition Screening application to prevent malnutrition, and at the same time it can execute innovation in nursing implementation on patients with neurological system."

"Praktik klinik lanjut di ruang neurologi untuk memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada pasien gangguan neurologi menggunakan teori keperawatan Model Adaptasi Roy, menerapkan praktik keperawatan berdasarkan pembuktian dan melakukan inovasi keperawatan. Masalah keperawatan terbanyak akibat respon perilaku inefektif pada mode adaptasi fisiologis yaitu perfusi jaringan serebral tidak efektif, mode adaptasi psikologis yaitu ansietas dan berduka, sedangkan mode fungsi peran yaitu manajemen kesehatan diri tidak efektif. Intervensi keperawatan berdasarkan pembuktian yang telah diterapkan yaitu Slow-Stoke Back Massage (SSBM) yang dapat meningkatkan relaksasi pada pasien stroke. Inovasi keperawatan yaitu penggunaan pengkajian indeks barthel untuk menegakkan diagnosa keperawatan yang berhubungan dengan ketidakmampuan fungsional. Perawat dapat menerapkan Model Adaptasi Roy, menerapkan SSBM untuk meningkatkan relaksasi serta melakukan kegiatan inovatif dalam memberikan asuhan keperawatan pada gangguan neurologi.

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Advanced clinical practice on patient with neurological system disorder using Roy's Adaptation theory is the implementation of nursing practice based on evidence and implementation of nursing innovation. The most frequent nursing problems occured was ineffective cerebral tissue perfusion caused by ineffective behavior response on physical adaptation mode, and anxiety and grieving from psychological adaptation mode. Ineffective self-care management was the nursing problem from role function mode. Nursing intervention based on evidence based practice on Slow-Stoke Back Massage (SSBM) can improve relaxation on stroke patient. Nursing innovation in this clinical practice was the use of Barthel index assessment to formulate nursing diagnosis that related with functional disability. Nurse can implement Roy’s Adaptation Theory with Slow-Stoke Back Massage (SSBM) application to improve relaxation, and at the same time can execute innovation activities in delivering nursing care on neurological disorder."

"Background: cardiovascular diseases (CVD) is the most common cause of death in Indonesia. We aimed to examine risks of CVD in workers aged 40 to 69 year related to their occupational status. Methods: a cross-sectional study in all provinces of Indonesia. Data from a large-scale national health survey called RISKESDAS were used to analyze factors associated with CVD. Analysis was restricted to the working population aged 40 to 69 year. There were 137,378 subjects included in the analysis. Coxs regression analysis was modified to calculate prevalence ratio for the association of CVD with diabetes mellitus (DM), hypertension, stress, body mass index (BMI), smoking, and particular demographic factors. Results:CVD was associated with occupation; white collar workers were about 1.6 times as likely to be diagnosed with CVD as to blue collar workers. However, blue collar workers were more likely to report symptoms of CVD than white collar workers. Prevalence of CVD was higher in women than men, increasing by age and education attainment. Hypertension, DM, stress, and increased BMI added the prediction of CVD: prevalence ratio (PR) was 1.72 (95% CI 1.59-1.86), 3.89 (95% CI 3.43-4.44), 3.02 (95% CI 2.77-3.29) and 1.42 (95% CI 1.28-1.57) for BMI 27 relative to <25 kg/m2, respectively. The study could not explain the association with smoking. Conclusion: this study added evidence of major risk factors which could be modified to reduce CVD. Some associations were likely to reflect access to health care."

"ABSTRAKNama : Alifiah RachmaProgram Studi : Ilmu Kesehatan MasyarakatJudul : Pengembangan Aplikasi Daring Sistem Monitoring dan Evaluasi FaktorRisiko Penyakit Jantung dan Pembuluh DarahPembimbing : Dr. Artha Prabawa, SKM, M.SiPenyakit jantung dan pembuluh darah PJPD , salah satu Penyakit Tidak Menular,merupakan penyebab kematian terbesar secara global di seluruh negara. Prevalensi PJPDdi Indonesia tergolong tinggi. Akan tetapi skrining atau deteksi dini faktor risiko PJPDmasih rendah. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun pengembanganaplikasi daring dalam jaringan sistem monitoring dan evaluasi faktor risiko penyakitjantung dan pembuluh darah yang terintegrasi dengan surveilans dan sistem informasiPTM dan memudahkan penduduk Indonesia melakukan deteksi dini faktor risiko PJPD.Pengembangan sistem pada penelitian ini menggunakan System Development Life Cycle SDLC metode Rapid Application Development dengan model sistem pengembanganiterative penambahan .Hasil penelitian ini adalah Prototype aplikasi daring sistem monitoring dan evaluasifaktor risiko penyakit jantung dan pembuluh darah PJPD yang bernama SEHATJANTUNGKU. Prototype sistem ini berbasis website responsive online yangmemudahkan pengguna aplikasi mengakses sistem ini dimana saja dan melalui berbagaijenis platform. Kesimpulan dari penelitian ini adalah pengembangan aplikasi daringsistem monitoring dan evaluasi membantu pengelola program PTM dan stakeholderuntuk monitoring, evaluasi, dan membuat kebijakan.Kata kunci:Penyakit Tidak Menular, faktor risiko PJPD, deteksi dini, RAD, monev

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ABSTRACTName Alifiah RachmaStudy Program Public Health ScienceTitle Online Application Development of Monitoring and EvaluatingSystem of the Cardiovascular Disease Risk FactorCounsellor Dr. Artha Prabawa, SKM, M.SiBackground Cardiovascular Disease CVD is one of Non communicable Diseaseswhich cause the biggest number of death all over the world. The prevalence ofcardiovascular disease in Indonesia is high, but the screening or earlier detection of riskfactor of CVD is still low. In this context, this research is aimed to build online applicationdevelopment of monitoring and evaluating system of the CVD risk factor which isintegrated with the surveillance and NCD information system to facilitate Indonesian tohave earlier detection of CVD risk factor. Method System development in research usingSystem Development Life Cycle SDLC method of Rapid Application Development withchoice of iterative system model. Results the prototype of online application developmentof monitoring and evaluating system of the CVD risk factor is named SEHATJANTUNGKU. This prototype is online responsive web based which facilitate the usersto access this system anywhere and by using many platforms. Conclusions the onlineapplication development of monitoring and evaluating system of the CVD risk factor willhelp the NCD program manager and stakeholders to monitor, evaluate, and createrelated policies.Keywords NCD, CVD risk factor, early detection, RAD, monitoring and evaluating"

"Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan desain penulisan cross sectional yang bersifat deskriptif. Penulis melakukan penyebaran kuesioner pada kelompok pekerja yang berisiko terserang penyakit kardiovaskular. Kuesioner berisikan pertanyaan yang berhubungan dengan variabel yang diteliti, yaitu konsumsi makanan, kebiasaan merokok, aktivitas fisik dan stres.Hasil yang menunjukkan presentase yang besar yaitu terdapat pada konsumsi lemak berlebih dan kurangnya aktivitas fisik. Dari hasil tersebut dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar pekerja mengadopsi gaya hidup yang kurang sehat, yaitu dengan mengkonsumsi lemak berlebih dan kurangnya aktivitas fisik. Dengan demikian, kedua faktor risiko ini merupakan faktor yang paling dominan di kalangan pekerja yang berisiko di PT Komatsu Indonesia (Cakung, Jakarta) tahun 2012, yang dapat memberikan kontribusi yang besar terhadap timbulnya penyakit kardiovaskular.

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This research is a quantitative research with a cross sectional descriptive design. Authors conducted questionnaire on the deployment of workers at risk for cardiovascular diseases. The questionnaire contained questions related to the studied variable, that is food intake, smoking habit, physical activity and stress.

Results show that a large percentage is found in excessive fat consumption and physical inactivity. From these result it can be concluded that the most workers adopt an unhealthy lifestyle by excessive fat consumption and physical inactivity. Thus, both risk factors is the most dominant factor in among the risk workers at PT Komatsu Indonesia (Cakung, Jakarta) in 2012, which can contribute greatly to the incidence of cardiovascular diseases."

"Pendahuluan: Penyakit kardiovaskular sebagai salah satu masalah kesehatan pada jemaah haji Indonesia dan penyebab tertinggi kematian jemaah haji dalam 3 tahun terakhir. Jemaah haji Indonesia sebagian besar pada stratifikasi kesehatan risiko tinggi. Beberapa faktor risiko diprediksi berhubungan dengan kematian jemaah haji akibat penyakit kardiovaskular.Metode: Penelitian observasional dengan desain kasus kontrol. penelitian terhadap 876 jemaah haji. Variabel yang berhubungan dengan kematian jemaah haji antara lain usia, jenis kelamin, indeks massa tubuh, kebiasaan merokok, diabetes mellitus, hipertensi, dislipidemia, gagal ginjal, gagal jantung, penyakit jantung koroner, penyakit paru obstruksi kronik, waktu keberangkatan jemaah. Dilakukan analisis untuk menentukan faktor risiko yang berpengaruh terhadap kematian serta membuat skor prediksi untuk mengestimasi risiko mortalitas.Hasil: Proporsi kematian akibat penyakit kardiovaskular adalah 49,2 % dari seluruh jemaah haji Indonesia tahun 2017. Faktor risiko yang berhubungan dengan kematian jemaah haji antara lain; Usia lebih dari 70 tahun dengan OR 20,51 (IK 95%: 10,238-41,089), penyakit jantung koroner dengan OR 4,236 (IK 95% : 1,292-13,882), hipertensi dengan OR 3,673 (IK 95% :2,555-5,280), diabetes mellitus dengan OR 3,422 (IK 95%: 2,108-5,553), dislipidemia dengan OR 2,067 (IK 95%: 1,366-3,129), indeks massa tubuh overweight dengan OR 0,571 (IK 95%: 0,385-0,848) , indeks massa tubuh obesitas dengan OR 0,239 (IK 95%: 0,134-0,425). Probabilitas risiko kematian akibat penyakit kardiovaskular adalah risiko ringan dengan skor < 5 (19,47%), probabilitas sedang skor 6-9 (62,94%) dan probabilitas tinggi jika skor > 10 (83,3%).Simpulan: Proporsi kematian akibat penyakit kardiovaskular pada jemaah haji Indonesia tahun 2017 adalah 49,2%. Faktor risiko kardiovaskular antara lain; usia tua, hipertensi, diabetes mellitus, penyakit jantung koroner, dislipidemia. Nilai skor > 10 dapat memprediksi risiko mortalitas dengan propabilitas 88,53 %.

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Background: Cardiovascular disease is one of the health problems in Indonesian pilgrims and the highest cause of death for pilgrims in the last 3 years. Indonesian pilgrims are mostly on high health risk stratification. Some risk factors are predicted to be associated with the death of pilgrims due to cardiovascular disease.

Method: Observational study with case control design. Conducted research on 876 pilgrims. A variable that is associated with the death of pilgrims include age, gender, body mass index, smoking habit, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, chronic kidney failure, heart failure, coronary heart disease, chronic obstruction pulmonary disease , the time of departure. Analysis was done to determine the risk factors which effect on death as well as make score predictions and determination for the risk of mortality.

Results: The proportion of deaths from cardiovascular disease was 49,2 % of all Indonesian pilgrims. Risk factors associated with the death of pilgrims include; Age more than 70 years with OR 20,510 (95% CI 10,238-41,089), coronary heart disease with OR 4,236 (95% CI 1,292-13,882), hypertension with OR 3.673 (95% CI 2,555-5,280), diabetes mellitus with OR 3,422 (95% CI 2,108-5,553), dyslipidemia with OR 2,067 (95% CI 1,366-3,129), overweight with OR 0.571 (95% CI: 0.385-0,848), obesity with OR 0.239 (95% CI 0.134-0.425). The probability of the risk of death from cardiovascular disease is a mild risk with a score <5 (19.47%), a medium probability score of 6-9 (62.94%) and a high probability of a score of > 10 (83.3%).

Conclusion: The proportion of deaths from cardiovascular disease was 49,2 %. Cardiovascular risk factors; old age, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, coronary heart disease, dyslipidemia. A score of > 10 has a high risk of mortality."

"Penyakit kardiovaskuler merupakan penyebab kematian utama penduduk dunia (30%). Untuk menghadapi masalah ini perlu diketahui distribusi penyakit kardiovaskuler terhadap faktor-faktor risikonya secara lebih spesifik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui gambaran penyakit kardiovaskuler pada pasien rawat inap di Rumah Sakit Jantung dan Pembuluh Darah (RSJPD) Harapan Kita Tahun 2012. Penelitian ini menggunakan data sekunder dari rekam medik RSJPD Harapan Kita menggunakan desain studi cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 339 orang dianalisis secara univariat. Hasil menunjukkan Ischemic Heart Diseases merupakan penyakit dengan proporsi terbesar yaitu 43,36%. Berdasarkan letak lesi, penyakit jantung memiliki proporsi terbesar yaitu 87,02%. Penyakit kardiovaskuler cenderung mengenai kelompok usia 51-60 tahun dengan proporsi 29,79%. Penyakit kardiovaskuler cenderung menyerang laki-laki dan orang dengan tingkat pendidikan menengah. Diketahui bahwa proporsi pasien hipertensi dan diabetes mellitus cenderung lebih besar di antara pasien penyakit pembuluh darah otak daripada pada pasien penyakit jantung ataupun pasien penyakit pembuluh darah perifer.

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Cardiovascular disease is the most common death cause (30%) . To face the problem it’s necessary to know the distribution of cardiovascular disease specifically to its risk factors. This research aims to describe the cardiovascular disease among the hospitalized patients in Harapan Kita Cardiovascular Hospital in 2012. This research uses the secondary data from Harapan Kita Cardiovascular Disease medical record and also uses cross sectional design with 339 sample and analyzed in univariate.

The results show that among the cardiovascular diseases in inpatient unit in Harapan Kita Cardiovascular Hospital, Ischemic Heart Diseases is the diseases with the biggest proportion which is 43,36%. According to lesion location, heart disease has the biggest proportion which is 87,02%. Cardiovascular diseases tend to affect the 51-60 years old group of age by 29,79% among other age groups. Cardiovascular diseases tend to affect men and those who have middle educational level. The results also show that proportion of patients with hypertension and Diabetes Melitus tends to be bigger among cererovascular diseases patients than heart diseases patients or peripheral vascular diseases patients."

"Bioburden merupakan parameter penilaian penting dalam kualitas produk steril. Dengan mengetahui adanya beban cemaran mikro maka akan dapat diketahui gambaran mutu produk sediaan steril sebelum dan setelah melewati proses sterilisasi nantinya. PT. Harsen Laboratories sendiri merupakan industri manufaktur farmasi di Indonesia dengan produksi sediaan injeksi terbesar di Indonesia dimana untuk menjamin kualitas sediaan injeksi yang diproduksi ialah dengan menjalankan pengujian bioburden pada tiap-tiap produk injeksi. Prosedur penyusunan protap bioburden dimulai dari suprevisor Andev menyusun dan merevisi prosedur pengujian bioburden kemudian diperiksa oleh Manajer RnD sub departemen Andev dan Packdev untuk memastikan prosedur pengujian bioburden dapat berjalan dengan baik. Protap pengujian bioburden dapat dilakukan dengan 2 metode, yaitu metode membran filtrasi dan metode cawan tuang dimana kedua metode ini harus dilakukan oleh analis QC terlatih dan mengikuti prosedur yang terlampir secara jelas di dalam protap dan lembar kerja pengujian bioburden.Penyakit kardivoaskular ialah gangguan yang terjadi pada jantung dan pembuluh darah. Permasalahan yang sering timbul terkait penyakit ini ialah pengobatan yang bervariasi terutama dari sisi penggunaan obat yang beragam dimana keragaman dari efek samping dan interkasi pada peresepan obat-obatan tersebut juga meningkat. Sebagai seorang tenaga kesehatan yang profesional di bidang farmasi, apoteker berkewajiban untuk mengkaji terlebih dahulu resep yang masuk untuk menghindari kesalahan pemberian obat-obatan. Frekuensi masuknya resep untuk pengobatan penyakit kardiovaskular cukup banyak terutama di Apotek Roxy Biak yang terletak di pusat ibukota, yaitu kota Jakarta Pusat. Hasil skrining resep kardiovaskular pada penulisan laporan ini ialah kajian administratif dalam penulisan resep yang diterima di apotek Roxy Biak sudah cukup lengkap, namun ada beberapa informasi yang kurang dimana apoteker dapat menggali informasi lewat komunikasi untuk memverifikasi resep. Kesesuaian farmasetik dari obat-obatan kardiovaskular yang diberikan juga sudah cukup jelas dan pertimbangan klinik yang harus dipantau dari resep kardiovaskular yang masuk ialah harus memantau efek samping obat dan memantau terapi obat yang dikonsumsi pasien.

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Bioburden is an important assessment parameter in the quality of sterile products. By knowing the presence of micro-contamination load, it will be possible to know the description of the quality of the sterile preparation product before and after going through the sterilization process later. PT. Harsen Laboratories itself is a pharmaceutical manufacturing industry in Indonesia with the largest production of injection preparations in Indonesia where to ensure the quality of the injection preparations produced is to carry out bioburden testing on each injection product. The procedure for preparing the bioburden protocol starts with the Andev supervisor compiling and revising the bioburden testing procedure and then being checked by the Andev and Packdev sub-department RnD Managers to ensure the bioburden testing procedure runs properly. The procedure for testing bioburden can be carried out by 2 methods, which is the membrane filtration method and the pour plate method where both methods must be carried out by a trained QC analyst and follow the procedures clearly attached in the protocol and the bioburden testing worksheet.

Cardiovascular disease is a disorder that occurs in the heart and blood vessels. Problems that often arise related to this disease are varied in the treatments, especially in terms of the use of various drugs where the diversity of side effects and interactions in prescribing these drugs also increases. As a professional health worker in the pharmaceutical field, the pharmacist is obliged to review the incoming prescription in the first place to avoid medication errors. The entry frequency of prescriptions for the treatment of cardiovascular disease is quite high, especially at the Roxy Biak Pharmacy, which is located in the capital city, Central Jakarta. The result of cardiovascular prescription screening in writing this report is that the administrative review in writing prescriptions received at the Roxy Biak pharmacy is quite complete, however there is some information that is lacking where pharmacists can dig up the information through communication to verify the prescriptions. The pharmaceutical suitability of the cardiovascular drugs given is also quite clear and clinical considerations that must be monitored from incoming cardiovascular prescriptions are to monitor the drug side effects and the drug therapy that the patient is taking."