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"ABSTRAKTesis ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara geopolitik dan Buku Putih Pertahanan Indonesia BPPI . Pada tingkat internasional, BPPI berperan untuk meningkatkan transparansi dan membangun saling percaya Confidence Building Measures/CBMs antar negara. Pada tingkat nasional, BPPI berperan sebagai panduan penyelenggaraan pertahanan dan pembangunan kapabilitas pertahanan negara. Dalam perkembangannya, BPPI 1995-2015 nampak tidak sepenuhnya mencerminkan geopolitik Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan. Tesis ini mempertanyakan mengapa geopolitik Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan tidak tercermin dalam BPPI. Kerangka pemikiran yang digunakan dalam tesis ini adalah pendekatan geopolitik dan teori pembuatan kebijakan pertahanan. Pendekatan geopolitik digunakan untuk menganalisis ketidaksesuaian aspek-aspek geopolitik Indonesa sebagai negara kepulauan dalam BPPI. Teori pembuatan kebijakan pertahanan digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi aktor yang terlibat dan proses pembuatan BPPI. Tesis ini merupakan penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan studi kasus. BPPI 1995-2015 merupakan data primer yang akan dianalisis, dan didukung dengan hasil wawancara. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah geopolitik Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan tidak tercermin dalam BPPI disebabkan karena pengaruh aktor dan kondisi politik domestik pada proses perumusannya. Cara pandang Menteri Pertahanan sebagai aktor utama dalam proses pembuatan BPPI menentukan tercermin atau tidaknya geopolitik Indonesia. Selain itu, kondisi politik domestik yang membuka peluang dominasi aktor militer, terutama AD, dalam pembuatan kebijakan pertahanan menyebabkan geopolitik Indonesia sebagai negara kepulauan menjadi terabaikan.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis aims to capture the relations between geopolitics and Indonesia rsquo s Defense White Paper DWP . On international level, DWP plays an important role in increasing transparency and confidence building measures CBMs among states. Meanwhile on the national level, the DWP serves as a guideline for developing state rsquo s defense. However, Indonesia rsquo s DWP between 1995 2015 have not fully reflect Indonesian geopolitical interests as an archipelagic country. This thesis questions why Indonesia rsquo s DWP have not reflect Indonesian geopolitical interests as an archipelagic country. This thesis employ a geopolitical approach and the theory of the making of defense policy. Geopolitical approach is used in this thesis to analyze Indonesia rsquo s DWP. The theory of the making of defense policy is utilised to identify actors involved in the process of DWP making. Furthermore, this thesis is qualitative study by using case study. Indonesia rsquo s DWPs are the primary data that will be analyzed, supported by interview participant in the development process. This study argues that the perspective of main actors involved in the making of DWP determines whether or not geopolitics of Indonesia as an archipelagic country is reflected by Indonesia rsquo s DWP. In addition, the political environment in which the DWPs have been formulated is also considered in this thesis. As the political environment gives the military, particularly Indonesian Army, opportunities to shape defense policy, it undermines Indonesia rsquo s geopolitical interests in Indonesia rsquo s DWP. "

"This paper seeks to provide a brief introduction to three of the major sources of Japanese crime statistics. The focus is upon questions concerning the validity of the statistics, and the paper also seeks to provide a brief introduction to the definition of offences within the Japanese Penal Code. An almost uncritical acceptance of the validity of these statistics has been a feature of the majority of those English-language works that have dealt with the Japanese criminal justice system. However, the conclusion reached here is that the statistics are shaped by their legal context, by police recording practices, and by the form in which they are presented in the sourcebooks. Consequently, they must be deployed with caution and with due regard for their potential limitations and biases. Nevertheless, the Hanzai Tokeisho in particular are valuable in permitting a variety of analytical approaches that can both extend the understanding of crime and criminal justice in Japan and advance the debate surrounding Japanese 'uniqueness'."