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"Lars Thomann examines the ILO's wide ranging efforts to achieve compliance with international labour standards adopted by the organization and ratified by its member states. The author draws on different compliance schools of various strands of international relations theory and discusses them against the background of the ILO's compliance efforts in general and regarding the abolition of forced labour in particular. He shows that even though the ILO has experience in bringing about compliance, given its seniority and is in many cases successful in doing so, it is not well equipped to deal with persistent cases of non-compliance."

"Keterdesakan ekonomi telah menjadi faktor utama yang mendorong perempuan Indonesia untuk bekerja sebagai seorang pekerja rumah tangga migran di Malaysia. Selama proses migrasi, perempuan pekerja rumah tangga migran rentan menghadapi terjadinya pelanggaran hak seperti eksploitasi dan kekerasan. Eksploitasi dan kekerasan terhadap perempuan pekerja rumah tangga migran merupakan fenomena global yang terus berulang. Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan realitas forced labour yang dialami oleh perempuan pekerja rumah tangga migran Indonesia di Malaysia. Dengan menggunakan metode analisis isi kualitatif, penulis menemukan bahwa perempuan pekerja rumah tangga migran mengalami viktimisasi akibat dari situasi forced labour yang dihadapi selama bekerja. Forced labour dilihat sebagai bentuk kekerasan terhadap perempuan pekerja rumah tangga migran karena telah merugikan perempuan melalui dampak fisik, psikis, ekonomi, maupun sosial. Kekerasan ini telah memaksa perempuan untuk terus bertahan dalam kondisi buruk tanpa adanya pilihan untuk keluar. Teori feminis Marxist digunakan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana kapitalisme dan patriarki telah mempengaruhi penindasan terhadap perempuan pekerja rumah tangga migran. Kapitalisme terus mengedepankan eksploitasi tenaga kerja perempuan untuk memperoleh keuntungan dan menciptakan perbedaan kelas dalam masyarakat, sementara patriarki meminggirkan posisi perempuan.

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Economic desperation has been a major factor driving Indonesian women to work as migrant domestic workers in Malaysia. During the migration process, women migrant domestic workers are vulnerable to rights violations such as exploitation and violence. Exploitation and violence against women migrant domestic workers is a recurring global phenomenon. This paper aims to describe the reality of forced labour experienced by Indonesian women migrant domestic workers in Malaysia. Using a qualitative content analysis method, the author found that women migrant domestic workers experience victimization as a result of the forced labour situation faced during their work. Forced labour is seen as a form of violence against women migrant domestic workers because it has harmed women through physical, psychological, economic, and social impacts. This violence has forced women to continue to endure bad conditions without the option to leave. Marxist feminist theory is used to explain how capitalism and patriarchy have influenced the oppression of women migrant domestic workers. Capitalism continues to prioritize the exploitation of women's labor for profit and creates class differences in society, while patriarchy marginalizes the position of women."