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"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk upaya peningkatan produksi dan hasil budidaya tanaman bawang merah yangberwawasan lingkungan dengan pemanfaatan pupuk kandang sapi dan pengaturan jarak tanam. Penelitiandilaksanakan selama 8 bulan dari bulan Januari sampai dengan Agustus 2015.Penelitian dilakukan di lahan sawahBrebes, Kabupaten Brebes, jenis tanah alluvial dengan ketinggian tempat kurang lebih 50 m dpl. Penelitian inimerupakan percobaan faktorial 4 x 3 dengan rancangan lingkungan adalah rancangan acak kelompok. Faktorpertama adalah Jarak Tanam: J1 = 20 cm x 20 cm, J2 = 20 cm x 15 cm, J3 = 20 cm x 10 cm. Faktor yang keduaadalah takaran pupuk kandang sapi yaitu K0 = 0ton/ha, K1 = 10 ton/ha, K2 = 20 ton/ha, K3 = 30 ton/ha. Karakterpertumbuhan dan hasil bawang merah diamati pada penelitian ini. Data hasil pengamatan dianalisis dengan uji Funtuk mengetahui keragamannya dan apabila ada perbedaan nyata dilanjutkan dengan DMRT dengan tingkatkesalahan 5%. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa hasil umbi segar dan kering bawang merah per hektar tertinggidiperoleh pada tanaman dengan perlakuan jarak tanam 20 x 15 cm dengan hasil 20,56 t/ha (umbi segar) dan 18,63t/ha (umbi kering)."

"This study aims to obtain varieties that will withstand dry environment to see the effect of a given treatment, which was held on December 2015 until February 2016, at the Kebun Percobaan FakultasPertanian, Universitas Sisingamangaraja XU, Medan. The materials used in this study are varieties of onion bulbs Samosir, Bangkok, and Vietnam. The method used in this study is a randomized block design (RAK) Factorial with two factors: the variety and frequency of watering. Parameters measured were plant height (cm), the number of leaf blade (blade) the number of tillers (tuber), harvesting (today), wet weight of tuber per hill (g) and the weight of dried tubers economy (gr). The data obtained were processed using analysis of variance and if the very real tangible or followed by BNt / LSL (Least Significant Difference) at the level of 0.01 and 0.05. The results showed that the interaction of Vietnam on the frequencv of watering varieties 1x7 day (V3W4) with the highest plant height of 31.12 cm and Samosir on the frequency of watering varieties lxl days (V1W1) with the lowest plant height of 17.88 cm. Interaction varieties of Vietnam on the 1x7 watering frequency (V3W4) with the highest number of 17 pieces of the leaf blade, and interaction on the frequency of watering varieties Samosir 1x1 days (VjWi) with the lowest amount of the leaf blade 10 strands. Interactionvarieties' of Vietnam on the frequency of watering 1x7 (V3W4) with thehighest number of tillers 17 pieces, and the interaction of varieties ofBangkok on a day watering frequency 1x7 (V2W4) 8 pieces. Vietnamvarieties harvested by harvesting the shortest 65 days, and Samosir varieties harvested by harvesting the longest 70 days. Wet weight of tuber per hill top varieties produced by Vietnam is 14.90 grams and Samosir varieties produce wet weight of tuber per clump 9.14 gr. And the highest economic weight of dried bulbs produced by Vietnam 11.42 g varieties, and varieties of dried bulbs Samosir produce the lowest economic weight 6.58 gr."

"Meningkatnya kekhawatiran terhadap dampak dari penggunaan Pb dari sisi kesehatan mendorong industri-industri elektronik mulai mencari material solder bebas Pb. Paduan yang berpotensi sebagai material solder pengganti Sn-Pb adalah Sn-0,7Cu, tetapi paduan tersebut memiliki titik leleh tinggi yaitu 216-227 ◦C, paduan lain yang berpotensi besar adalah Sn-9Zn dengan titik leleh 199° C, tetapi Zn sangat mudah teroksidasi dan mengalami korosi. Pada penelitian ini akan dilakukan pembuatan dan karakterisasi paduan 3 logam (ternary system) yaitu Sn-Zn-Cu, paduan baru ini diharapkan dapat memperbaiki kelemahan dari paduan Sn-Cu dan Sn-Zn. Karakterisasi paduan logam Sn-Cu-Zn menggunakan XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) dan XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) menunjukkan adanya logam Sn, Cu dan Zn dalam setiap paduan logam dengan komposisi (% berat) Sn-0,8Cu, Sn-0,6Cu-10,4Zn dan Sn-0,5Cu-23,6Zn. Paduan logam Sn-0,5Cu-23,6Zn adalah paduan logam yang paling berpotensi sebagai pengganti Sn-37Pb, dengan titik leleh terendah 204,13 oC, nilai pasty range 9,33 oC yang mendekati paduan logam Sn-37Pb dan nilai heat of fusion/ΔH 65,33 J/g yang lebih rendah dari paduan Sn-37Pb.

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Increasing concerns over the impact of the use of Pb from the health side drive electronics industries began to search for Pb-free solder material. Alloy material that has potential as a substitute for Sn-Pb solder is Sn-0.7Cu, but these alloys have high melting point is 216-227 ◦C, another potential alloys are Sn-9Zn in melting point of 199 ° C, but Zn is susceptible to oxidation and corrosion experience. This research will be done the manufacture and characterization of metal alloy 3 (ternary system) the Sn-Zn-Cu, the new alloy is expected to improve the weaknesses of the alloy Sn-Cu and Sn-Zn. Characterization metal alloy Sn-Cu-Zn used XRF (X-Ray Fluorescence) and XRD (X-Ray Diffraction) indicate the presence of metallic Sn, Cu and Zn in each metal alloy with a composition (wt%) Sn-0.8Cu, Sn-0.6Cu-10.4Zn dan Sn-0.5Cu-23.6Zn. Sn-0.5Cu-23.6Zn is metal alloy with the most potential as a replacement for Sn-37Pb, with the lowest melting point 204.13 °C, the pasty range is close to 9.33 ° C metal alloy Sn-37 Pb and the heat of fusion/ΔH 65.33 J/g lower than Sn-37Pb alloy. Surface characterization using SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) show the existence of phases rich in Sn, Cu-Zn and Zn-rich alloy surfaces supported by the data of EDS (Energy Dispersive X-Ray Spectroscopy)."