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"his special edited volume is a unique approach towards computational solution for the upcoming field of study called vision science. From a scientific firmament optics, ophthalmology, and optical science has surpassed an odyssey of optimizing configurations of optical systems, surveillance cameras and other nano optical devices with the metaphor of nano science and technology. "

"The cloud computing and services science book comprises a collection of the best papers presented at the International Conference on Cloud Computing and Services Science (CLOSER), which was held in The Netherlands in May 2011. In netting papers from the conference researchers and experts from all over the world explore a wide-ranging variety of the emerging Cloud Computing platforms, models, applications and enabling technologies. Further, in several papers the authors exemplify essential links to Services Science as service development abstraction, service innovation, and service engineering, acknowledging the service-orientation in most current IT-driven structures in the Cloud.The Cloud Computing and Services Science book is organized around important dimensions of technology trends in the domain of cloud computing in relation to a broad scientific understanding of modern services emerging from services science. The papers of this book are inspired by scholarly and practical work on the latest advances related to cloud infrastructure, operations, security, services, and management through the global network."

""The first chapter gives an overview of cloud computing at a level accessible to a lay person. To motivate the reasons for a paradigm shift in the way we compute and store information, we introduce the concept of network-centric computing and network-centric content. A brief discussion of peer-to-peer systems, a first step in the shift from local to remote data storage and processing follows. The chapter continues with a discussion of technological advances that have made cloud computing possible and of the economical reasons why this new paradigm is attractive for many users and applications. Then we take a closer look at the cloud computing delivery models, Software as a Service (SaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS), and Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS). SaaS gives the users capability to use applications supplied by the service provider but allows no control of the platform or the infrastructure. PaaS gives the capability to deploy consumer-created or acquired applications using programming languages and tools supported by the provider. IaaS allows the user to deploy and run arbitrary software, which can include operating systems and applications. The new paradigm raises ethical questions and has significant vulnerabilities each dissected in separate sections. Finally, the chapter presents the major challenges faced by this new paradigm. The chapter concludes with a overview of the literature and with a historic perspective"--"

"This book presents solutions to the problems arising in two trends in mobile computing and their intersection: increased mobile traffic driven mainly by sophisticated smart phone applications; and the issue of user demand for lighter phones, which cause more battery power constrained handhelds to offload computations to resource intensive clouds (the second trend exacerbating the bandwidth crunch often experienced over wireless networks). The authors posit a new solution called spectrum aware cognitive mobile computing, which uses dynamic spectrum access and management concepts from wireless networking to offer overall optimized computation offloading and scheduling solutions that achieve optimal trade-offs between the mobile device and wireless resources. They show how in order to allow these competing goals to meet in the middle, and to meet the promise of 5G mobile computing, it is essential to consider mobile offloading holistically, from end to end and use the power of multi-radio access technologies that have been recently developed. Technologies covered in this book have applications to mobile computing, edge computing, fog computing, vehicular communications, mobile healthcare, mobile application developments such as augmented reality, and virtual reality.- Gives readers valuable insights into the future of mobile computing and communication;- Touches on wireless technologies such as 5G, mobile edge computing (MEC), mobile cloud services, and cognition-based networking; - Provides examples throughout the book to provide insight into real world scenarios."

"The collection of this book presents a generous sampling of the new and burgeoning field of soft computing in humanities and social sciences, bringing together a wide array of authors and subject matters from different disciplines. "