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"Pembakaran batu bara di pembangkit listrik menghasilkan polutan yang salah satunya sulfur dioksida. Sulfur dioksida dapat menyebabkan batuk, sakit tenggorokan, mengi, sesak napas, sesak dada hingga menyebabkan edema, bronkopasme, dan pneumonitis. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengestimasi besaran risiko kesehatan pada pekerja akibat pajanan konsentrasi SO2 pada pekerja di PLTU Suralaya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL). Sampel dalam penelitian ini sebanyak 75 pekerja yang diambil secara purposive sampling. Hasil pengukuran sulfur dioksida rata-rata di empat titik sebesar 0.0335 mg/m3 dan masih dibawah baku mutu. Hal penelitian ini menunjukkan nilai intake dari pajanan SO2 pada pekerja didapatkan nilai rata-rata sebesar 0.00047 mg/kg/hari sedangkan nilai besaran risiko yang didapatkan sebesar 0.0187 yang artinya tingkat risiko pada pekerja masuk ke dalam kelompok aman. Hasil proyeksi terhadap tingkat risiko pada tahun ke 5 hingga tahun ke 30 mengalami peningkatan. Pekerja juga mengalami gejala gangguan pernapasan diantaranya batuk, dahak, sesak napas, mengi, nyeri dada, dan napas berat. Pentingnya upaya preventif pada pekerja di PLTU agar dapat meminimalisir pajanan SO2 dengan menggunakan APD serta pihak PLTU dapat mengembangkan teknologi modern agar meminimalisir polutan akibat pembaran batu bara.

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Burning coals in power plants produces pollutants, one of which is sulfur dioxide. Sulfur dioxide can cause coughing, sore throat, wheezing, shortness of breath, chest tightness, edema, bronchospasm, and pneumonitis. This research aims to estimate the amount of health risk in workers due to exposure to SO2 concentrations in workers at the PLTU Suralaya Banten. This research uses the Environmental Health Risk Analysis (ARKL) method. The sample in this research was 7 workers who were taken by purposive sampling. The average sulfur dioxide measurement results at four points are 0.0335 mg/m3 and are still below the quality standard. The results of this research indicate that the intake value of SO2 exposure in workers obtained an average value of 0.00047 mg/kg/day while the value of the magnitude of risk obtained was 0.0187 which means that the risk level for workers is included in the safe group. The results of the projections of the level of risk in the 5th to 30th years have increased. Workers also experience symptoms of respiratory problems including chough, phlegm, shortness of breath, wheezing, chest pain, and heavy breathing. The importance of preventive efforts for workers at PLTU in order to minimize SO2 exposure by using PPE and the PLTU can develop modern technology to minimize pollutants due to coal burning

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"ABSTRAKPolutan utama dari sistem pembakaran batubara salah satunya SO2. Sulfur dioksidia menyebabkan iritasi, batuk refleks, menyebabkan penyakit pernafasan dan gangguan daya tahan paru-paru. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis pajanan SO2 di lingkungan sekitar pembangkit listrik tenaga uap (PLTU) Suralaya yaitu pada desa Lebak Gede, Cipala Dua, Brigil, Gunung Gede, Salira Indah, dan Sumuranja dan gangguan pernafasannya pada masyarakat sekitar. Penelitian ini bersifat deskriptif, dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Sampel responden diambil secara purposive sampling berdasarkan titik pengukuran udara pada setiap desa yaitu 35 orang di setiap desa. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode Analisis Risiko Kesehatan Lingkungan (ARKL) yang menggunakan nilai Rfc SO2 (0,026 mg / kg / hari), dan selanjutnya dilakukan secara cross sectional untuk menghubungkan tingkat risiko dengan kejadian gangguan pernafasan di sekitar PLTU. Hasil ARKL menunjukkan bahwa tingkat risiko di lingkungan sekitar PLTU Suralaya yaitu pada desa Lebak Gede, Cipala Dua, Brigil, Gunung Gede, Salira Indah, dan Sumuranja masih tergolong aman karena nilai RQ dibawah 1 dalam kurun waktu lebih dari 30 tahun. Hasil analisis cross sectional menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada hubungan antara tingkat risiko kesehatan akibat pajanan SO2 dengan kejadian gangguan saluran pernafasan pada masyarakat di sekitar PLTU karena memiliki nilai-p yang lebih besar dari alfa.ABSTRACTOne of the main pollutants from the coal combustion system is SO2. Sulfur dioxidia causes irritation, reflex coughing, causes respiratory disease and lung resistance. This study aims to analyze SO2 exposure in the environment around the Suralaya steam power plant (PLTU), namely in the villages of Lebak Gede, Cipala Dua, Brigil, Gunung Gede, Salira Indah, and Sumuranja and respiratory problems in the surrounding community. This research is descriptive, with a cross sectional approach. The sample of respondents was taken by purposive sampling based on air measurement points in each village, namely 35 people in each village. This research was conducted using the Environmental Health Risk Analysis (ARKL) method using the Rfc SO2 value (0.026 mg / kg / day), and then carried out cross-sectional to link the risk level with the incidence of respiratory problems around the PLTU. The ARKL results show that the level of risk in the environment around PLTU Suralaya, namely in the villages of Lebak Gede, Cipala Dua, Brigil, Gunung Gede, Salira Indah, and Sumuranja is still relatively safe because the RQ value is below 1 in a period of more than 30 years. The results of the cross sectional analysis show that there is no relationship between the level of health risk due to SO2 exposure and the incidence of respiratory problems in the community around the PLTU because it has a p-value greater than alpha."

"ABSTRAKSebagai salah satu fasilitas publik, terminal merupakan tempat dimana dibutuhkannya perhatian khusus terhadap lingkungan sekitarnya, khususnya terhadap kualitas udara pada terminal. Paparan udara yang tercemar terhadap pengguna fasilitas public akan menyebabkan dampak negatif terhadap kesehatan bagi mereka. Parameter pencemar udara yang diukur adalah parameter pencemar karbon monoksida CO , sulfur dioksida SO2 dan partikulat. Pengambilan sampel udara dilakukan pada tiga titik sekitar lokasi Terminal Rawamangun, dimana dua titik sampel berada pada lokasi indoor dan satu titik pada lokasi outdoor. Perhitungan karbon monoksida CO dilakukan dengan menggunakan alat CO meter yang dihitung langsung dan memiliki nilai pencemar yang cukup kecil dimana nilai tertingginya ada pada niilai 2291 /m3. Perhitungan nilai sulfur dioksida dilakukan dengan metode spektofotometri yang dimana pada udara terminal ditemukan nilai pencemar SO2 yang cukup kecil dan memenuhi baku mutu yang telah ditetapkan. Pada pencemar partikulat digunakan pengambilan hasil dengan metode gravimetri yang dihasilkan nilai pencemar terbesar 19.81 /m3.Berdasarkan ketiga nilai pencemar tersebut, disimpulkan bahwa ketiga nilai tersebut memenuhi baku mutu yang telah ditetapkan oleh Peraturan Pemerintah RI Nomer 41 Tahun 1999.

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ABSTRAKAs one of the public facilities, the terminal is a place where the need for special attention to the surrounding environment, particularly on air quality in the terminal. Exposure to polluted air to the users of public facilities will cause a negative impact on their health. Parameters measured air pollutant is a pollutant parameters of carbon monoxide CO , sulfur dioxide SO2 and particulate matter. Air sampling conducted at three points around the site Rawamangun Terminal, where two sample points are at an indoor location and one point on the outdoor locations. Calculation of carbon monoxide CO is performed by using the calculated CO meter immediately and have a value of pollutants that are small enough where there is the highest value in 2291 niilai m3. The calculation of the value of sulfur dioxide was conducted by spectophotometric in which the terminal air pollutant SO2 was found values that are small enough and meet the quality standards that have been established. In particulate pollutants used harvesting by the gravimetric method produced the biggest polluters value of 19.81 m3.Berdasarkan three values of these pollutants, it was concluded that these values meet the quality standards set by Government Regulation Number 41 of 1999."

"Penyakit ISPA masih menjadi masalah kesehatan yang serius dinegara berkembang maupun Negara yang telah maju, tetapi jumlah angka morbiditas dan mortalitas di negera berkembang lebih banyak terutama di Indonesia. penemuan kasus ISPA menurut Data LB I SIMPUS (2017) yang dikutip dari Dinas Kesehatan Depok (2017) dengan angka kejadian sebesar 158.512 kasus, jumlah penderita ISPA merupakan data umum penderita yang merupakan gabungan dewasa dan balita. ISPA menempati urutan pertama diantara 10 penyakit besar di Kota Depok. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui mengetahui bagaimana hubungan kualitas udara ambien (NO2 dan SO2) dengan kejadian penyakit ISPA. Penelitian ini bersifat kuantitatif deskriptif menggunakan desain studi ekologi berdasarkan tempat. Dalam penelitian ini nantinya akan dilakukan pengamatan pola kecenderungan terhadap kualitas udara ambien (NO2 danSO2) dengan kejadian penyakit ISPA tahun 2017. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kualitas udara NO2 tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna dengan kasus ISPA (p=0,641). Variabel hubungan antara kualitas udara NO2 dengan kasus ISPA menunjukan korelasi yang searah (positif) dengan kekuatan/ keereatan hubungan yang sangat lemah (r=0,132). Sedangkan untuk kualitas udara SO2 dengan kasus ISPA tidak dapat dihitung secara statistik. Hal tersebut dikarenakan hasil data SO2 tidak terdeteksi.

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ARI is still a serious health problem in developing and developed countries, but the number of morbidity and mortality in developing countries is more, especially in Indonesia. The discovery of ARI cases according to SIMPUS LB I Data (2017) quoted from Depok Health Office (2017) with an incidence of 158,512 cases, the number of ARI sufferers is general data of patients who are a combination of adults and toddlers. ARI ranks first among 10 major diseases in Depok City. This study aims to find out how the relationship between ambient air quality (NO2 and SO2) and the incidence of ARI disease. This research is descriptive quantitative study using ecological study design based on place. This study will observe the trend pattern of ambient air quality (NO2 and SO2) with ARI disease in 2017. The results showed that NO2 air quality was not significantly associated with ARI cases (p = 0.641). The variable relationship between NO2 air quality and ARI cases shows a direct (positive) correlation with the strength / severity of a very weak relationship (r = 0.132). Whereas for air quality SO2 with ARI cases cannot be calculated statistically. This is because the SO2 data results are not detected."

"ABSTRAKTesis ini mengkaji adanya risiko pajanan Sulfur Dioksida (SO2) terhadap kesehatan parapekerja terkait dengan gejala gangguan pernapasan di Sentra Industri Keramik Plered,Kabupaten Purwakarta. Industri keramik menghasilkan SO2 yang berasal dari penggunaanbahan bakar kayu dalam proses pembakarannya. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain PublicHealth Assessment (PHA), dimana metode pararosanilin digunakan dalam pengambilansampel udara pada 6 titik lokasi. Hasil pengukuran SO2 menunjukkan bahwa konsentrasimasih dibawah baku mutu yang ditetapkan, yakni rata-rata 0,042 ppm. Besar sampel dalampenelitian adalah 97 pekerja, dalam mengukur keluhan kesehatan pekerja terkait dengangangguan pernapasan digunakan metode wawancara, dimana sebanyak 69 pekerja (71,1%)mengalami gejala gangguan pernapasan diantaranya batuk, dahak, sesak napas, mengi,nyeri dada, dan napas berat. Intake pajanan SO2 dihitung berdasarkan pada pola aktivitasdan karakteristik antropometri pekerja hingga didapatkan nilai rata-ratanya sebesar 0,0109mg/kg/hari. Sedangkan estimasi besar risiko menyatakan bahwa sebanyak 3 pekerja (3,1%)berada pada kelompok berisiko atau tidak aman. Adapun tidak adanya perbedaan atauhubungan antara gejala gangguan pernapasan antara intake ≤ 0,0109 mg/kg/hari denganintake > 0,0109 mg/kg/hari, meskipun pekerja dengan intake > 0,0109 mg/kg/hariberpeluang 2,2 kali lebih besar untuk mengalami gejala gangguan pernapasandibandingkan pekerja dengan intake ≤ 0,0109 mg/kg/hari (OR=2,206; CI 95%: 0,891-5,465). Pentingnya upaya penyuluhan dalam rangka meningkatkan kesadaran para pekerjaterkait penggunaan APD yang dapat didukung oleh seluruh pihak yang terkait demimenjaga dan meningkatkan produktivitas kerja.

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ABSTRACTThis thesis examines the risk of Sulfur dioxide (SO2) exposure to the worker's healthrelated to the symptoms of respiratory impairment in the Ceramics Industry Plered,Purwakarta-District. Ceramic industry produces SO2 derived from the use of wood fuel inits combustion process. The study uses the Public Health Assessment (PHA) design, wherethe pararosanilin method is used in air sampling at 6 point locations. The measurement ofthe SO2 result indicates that the concentration is still below from the threshold value,which is an average of 0.042 ppm. The sample size in the study was 97 workers, inmeasurement respiratory impairment used interview methods, whereas many as 69 workers(71.1%) experiencing respiratory impairment symptoms include cough, phlegm,breathlessness, wheezing, chest pain, and severe breathing. Intake of SO2 exposurecalculated based on the pattern of activity and characteristics anthropometry worker untilthe average value of 0.0109 mg/kg/day. While the large estimate of risk states that as manyas 3 workers (3.1%) be in a risky or unsafe group. The absence of differences orrelationship between the symptoms of respiratory disorders between the intake ≤ 0.0109mg/kg/day with the intake > 0.0109 mg/kg/day, although the worker with the intake >0.0109 mg/kg/day with an opportunity of 2.2 times greater to experience symptoms ofrespiratory disorders than workers with the intake ≤ 0.0109 mg/kg/day (OR = 2.206; CI95%: 0.891-5.465). The importance of the extensive efforts to raise the awareness ofworkers related to the use of the PPE that can be supported by all stakeholders to maintainand improve the productivity of work."

"ABSTRAKTesis ini menganalisis determinan emisi karbon dioksida (CO2) di Indonesia dihubungkan dengan hipotesis Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC). Permodelan empiris dilakukan dengan Simultaneous Equation Model (SEM) antara produk domestik bruto (PDB) per kapita dengan emisi CO2 dengan menggunakan data runtut waktu dari 1974 hingga 2011. Uji Hausman melihat hubungan simultan dan endogenitas dari PDB per kapita dan emisi CO2. Dengan metode Two-stage Least Squares (2SLS) diperoleh hasil hipotesis EKC berlangsung di Indonesia. PDB per kapita, peranan industri terhadap perekonomian, dan kepadatan penduduk berpengaruh signifikan meningkatkan emisi CO2. Namun demikian, konsumsi energi terbarukan tidak secara signifikan berpengaruh menurunkan emisi CO2.

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ABSTRACT

This thesis analyzes determinants of carbon dioxide (CO2) emission in Indonesia associated with Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. Empirical modelling with Simultaneous Equation Model (SEM) between per capita gross domestic product (GDP) and CO2 emission by using time series data from 1974 to 2011. Hausman tests investigate simultaneous relationship and endogeneity between per capita GDP and CO2 emission. By Two-stage Least Squares (2SLS) method, results support Environmental Kuznets Curve (EKC) hypothesis. GDP per capita, share of industry, and population density significantly affect the increasing of CO2 emission. However, renewable energy consumption did not significantly affect the reducing of CO2 emission."

"Dimetil Eter (DME) merupakan senyawa bahan bakar ramah lingkungan yang dapat diproduksi dari hidrogenasi karbon dioksida. Sebagai salah satu bahan bakar baru terbarukan penelitian tentang DME berfokus pada optimasi dan rekayasa produksi dari DME. Dalam melakukan optimasi dan rekayasa produksi parameter kinetika memiliki peran yang sangat penting. Pada penelitian ini telah dilakukan studi kinetika melalui simulasi reaktor unggun diam dalam mengestimasi parameter kinetika intrinsik katalis Cu/Fe/Zr/HZSM-5 sintesis DME. Katalis Cu/Fe/Zr/HZSM-5 pada sintesis DME satu tahap digunakan karena selektifitasnya terhadap DME yan besar. Model yang digunakan adalah model heterogen 2 dimensi dimana perpindahan massa eksternal dan internal diperhitungkan. Pada kinetika intrinsik empat reaksi pada sintesis DME satu tahap dilibatkan yaitu hidrogenasi CO2 hidrogenasi CO, RWGS, dan dehidrasi metanol. Estimasi parameter kinetika dijalankan melalui perangkat lunak Comsol dimana parameter kinetika diestimasi berdasarkan data eksperimen. Hasil dari parameter kinetik kemudian divalidasi kembali untuk menyatakan kebenaran dari nilai parameter. Hasil dari simulasi menyatakan bahwa energi aktivasi reaksi hidrogenasi CO, hidrogenasi CO2, RWGS dan dehidrasi metanol adalah -1,0476 J/mol, -8.102,66 J/mol, -44.411 J/mol, dan -22.644 J/mol dimana reaksi RWGS merupakan reaksi paling bergantung pada temperatur. Hasil dari validasi parameter kinetika menyatakan hasil yang valid pada suhu 240-260 dengan error data terkecil.

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Dimethyl Ether (DME) is environmental friendly fuel that can be produced from hydrogenation of carbon dioxide. As new renewable energy fuel, reaserach of DME has been focused on optimation and production of DME. Kynetic parameter hold important aspect in enggineering and optimation. Thus, in this research a kynetical study by simulation of DME syntehsys in fix bed reactor is used for estimation in intrinsic kinetic parameter over catalyst Cu/Fe/Zr/HZSM-5. Catalyst Cu/Fe/Zr/HZSM-5 has been known used in production of DME with high yield in one step sintesys. 2D hetergogen model that accounted for internal and external mass transfer is used for kynetic estimation. There is four reaction accounted in simulation respectively: CO2 hydrogenation, CO hydrogenatiom, RWGS and methanol dehidration. Comsol multyphysics software was used in prediction of kynetic parameter by comparing the simulation data with eksperiment. The resulted kynetic estimation was validated and resulted in energy activation of each reaction respectively: -1,0476 J/mol, -8.102,66 J/mol, -44.411 J/mol, dan -22.644 J/mol. The resulted kinetic parameter is valid for temperature ranging from 240-260 with lowest error percentage.

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"Carbon dioxide (CO2) as one of the greenhouse gas emissions was decomposed to Carbon Monoxide (CO) and Oxygen (O2) in the three-pass flow Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma reactor, a new designed reactor that having special configuration of its reactant gas flow.This configuration can simultaneously cools the High Voltage Electrode (HVE) during the reaction process; and preheats the gas feed flow before entering plasma zone as well. Thisarticle explains the result of a preliminary research which aims to observe the performance of this reactor in utilizing CO2, mixed with CH4 to produce synthesis gas CO and H2, in a CO2 reforming process. This research was conducted using 3 (three) different reactor lengths, they were 36, 24 and 12 cm (Re1, Re2 and Re3), to observe the results of CO2 decomposition performance in the difference reactor lengths, and to observed the occurrence of reverse reaction inside the Re1 reactor. Other parameters were feed flow rates and the reactor voltage. Applied CO2 flow rates were 500, 1000 and 1500 SCCM/minute and applied reactor voltage were 5.4; to 9.5 kV. Results show that the conversion of CO2 was increased with the increasing of reactor voltage and longer reactor. The highest conversion was achieve at the lowest feed flow rate 500 SCCM/minute, this mean in the longest residence time. However, CO2 was only reaching the maximum conversion value on the reaction time of 2.1 minute, and dropped off after that. It is possibly caused by occurring of the reversed reaction due to the high temperature plasma reaction. At that point, the Specific Energy (SE) was 270 kJ/mol. This value is lower compare to the previous research results, as well as compare to its energy bonding, that shows the more energy efficient performance of this reactor."

"Massive use of fuels by industry increase carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions significantly. Chlorella vulgaris (C. vulgaris) is well known for its ability to fixate CO2 and synthesize it to a lipid. As industry usually emits high concentrations of CO2, it is necessary to investigate the behavior of microalgae in regard to CO2 inflow. We studied cultivation of C. vulgaris in a photobioreactor (volume 18L) in a compost-basedmedium under illumination at 3000 lux for 90 hours. We show that initial cell density 0.137 g·dm-3 is able to fixate CO2 up to 30.31 g·dm-3· day-1 (93.56%) under a CO2 inflow of 23.80 g·hour-1 with biomass productivity 0.44 g·dm-3· day-1 and lipid yield 0.0795 glipid·gcell-1, and it also shows the potential to fixate carbon dioxide 28.43 g·dm-3·day-1 (31.51%) and produce high lipid amounts (0.0739 g·g-1) under a carbon dioxide inflow 48.17 g·hour-1. Cultivation with a higher initial cell density (0.325 g · dm-3) shows better resistance under carbon dioxide inflow 48.17 g·hour-1 with carbon fixation 37.95 g·dm-3·day-1(58%), biomass production 0.82 g·dm-3·day-1, lipid yield 0.0834 g·g-1, and good potential under carbon dioxide inflow 65.96 g·hour-1. This research shows the potential of C. vulgaris in reducing high concentrations of CO2, which is beneficial for biomass and/or lipid production. These are in turn useful for biodiesel and food supplements. Further study is necessary for adapting this potential on a commercial scale."

"Boron-doped diamond BDD telah diketahui sebagai material unggul yang dapat digunakan dalam berbagai aplikasi elektrokimia. BDD juga telah dilaporkan memiliki kemampuan yang baik sebagai elektroda kerja untuk mereduksi gas karbon dioksida CO2. Pada penelitian ini, BDD dimodifikasi dengan logam platinum Pt dan iridium Ir dengan menggunakan dua metode yang berbeda. Metode yang pertama adalah dengan perendaman BDD yang telah dimodifikasi menjadi terminasi N, dalam koloid nanopartikel Pt-Ir Pt-Ir NP. Koloid Pt-Ir NP disintesis dengan metode hidrotermal. Kakterisasinya dengan UV-Vis dan TEM menunjukkan puncak absorbansi maksimum pada 420 nm dengan ukuran partikel rata-rata sebesar 2,6 0,6 nm. Metode kedua adalah metode pembibitan larutan garam Pt-Ir dan dilanjutkan dengan teknik kronoamperometri pada potensial -0,5 V vs Ag/AgCl. Kedua elektroda PtIr-BDD tersebut kemudian dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan CV, SEM, EDS dan XPS. Selanjutnya reduksi CO2 secara elektrokimia elektroreduksi CO2 dilakukan dalam sel elektrokimia dengan 2 kompartemen yang dipisahkan dengan membran Nafion. Ruang katoda berisi CO2 yang dilarutkan dalam NaCl 0,1 M, sedangkan ruang katoda diisi dengan larutan 0.1 M Na2SO4. Elektroreduksi CO2 dilakukan dengan memberikan potensial dengan variasi -1,2 V, -1,3 V, dan -1,7 V vs Ag/AgCl dengan waktu reduksi 60 menit. Produk hasil reduksi tersebut dikarakterisasi dengan menggunakan HPLC dan GC. Produk terbanyak yang dihasilkan dari reaksi ini ialah asam asetat dengan konsentrasi sebesar 1,26 ug/L efisiensi faraday 10 dengan menggunakan elektroda PtIr-BDD 1 / metode perendaman pada potensial -1,3 V vs Ag/AgCl. Produk lain yang dihasilkan pada reaksi ini ialah asam format and etanol dengan efisiensi faraday yang lebih kecil serta gas hidrogen yang terbentuk akibat proses elektrolisis air.

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Boron doped diamond BDD is known as a superior material that can be utilized for many applications. BDD has also been reported as a good electrode to be applied in electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide CO2. In this research, BDD had been modified by platinum Pt and iridium Ir using two different methods. The first method was by immersing BDD, which has modified to be N termination in colloidal Pt Ir nanoparticles. The Pt Ir nanoparticles were synthesized using hydrothermal method. Characterization of the nanoparticles by using UV Vis and TEM showed an absorbance peak at 420 nm with an average particle size of 2,6 0,6 nm. On the second method, Pt Ir was seeded onto BDD using wet chemically assisted electrodeposition by applying the reduction potential at 0.5 V vs. Ag AgCl. Then, the Pt Ir BDD electrodes were characterized by using CVs, SEM, EDS and XPS. The CO2 electroreduction was conducted in an electrochemical cell with 2 compartments separated by Nafion membrane. The cathodic chamber was filled by CO2 dissolved in 0.1 M NaCl, while the anodic chamber was filled by 0.1 M Na2SO4 solution. The CO2 electroreduction was carried out at various applied potentials, i.e. 1.2 V, 1.3 V, and 1.7 V vs Ag AgCl with a reduction time of 60 minutes. The products were analyzed using HPLC and GC. The main products of this reduction process were acetic acid with a maximum amount of 1.26 ug L 10 faradaic efficiency using PtIr BDD 1 electrode at the potential 1.3 V vs. Ag AgCl. Other products were formic acid and ethanol, produced at lower efficiency. In addition, H2 gas was also produced due to the water electrolysis."