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"Skripsi ini membahas mengenai gambaran subjective well-being ibu tunggal selama COVID-19. Gambaran mengenai subjective well-being ibu tunggal akan dipaparkan yang terbagi menjadi dua kurun waktu yang berbeda yaitu subjective well-being ibu tunggal selama Pandemi COVID-19 dan subjective well-being selama periode kehidupannya sebagai seorang ibu tunggal. Gambaran subjective well-being ibu tunggal akan ditinjau dari dua dimensi, yaitu dimensi afektif yang terdiri dari afek positif dan afek negatif serta dimensi kognitif yang ditinjau dari kepuasan hidup yang dimilikinya. Selain itu juga akan dibahas mengenai faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi subjective well-being ibu tunggal. Penelitian ini merupakan jenis penelitian kualitatif dengan menggunakan teknik pengumpulan data yaitu wawancara mendalam dan studi literatur. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan adalah penelitian deskriptif sehingga akan menggambarkan situasi dan karakteristik subjective-wellbeing ibu tunggal. Sedangkan teknik pemilihan informan yang digunakan pada penelitian menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dimana pemilihan setiap informan bukan dilakukan secara acak namun sesuai dengan setting dalam penelitian ini yaitu melibatkan 4 orang informan yang ada di kota Tangerang Selatan.

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This study discusses the description of subjective well-being and single mother family resilience both before the Pandemic and during the COVID-19 Pandemic. The description of single mothers will be discussed through the roles as working mothers and as housewives, as well as the personalities of single mothers. Subjective well-being in single mothers will be viewed from the affective dimension consisting of positive and negative affect as well as cognitive dimensions. Furthermore, it will also discuss the resilience of single mother families seen from 5 dimensions, namely dimensions of legality and family integrity, dimensions of physical resilience, dimensions of economic resilience, dimensions of social psychological resilience, and dimensions of socio-cultural resilience. This research is a type of qualitative research that uses data collection techniques, namely in-depth interviews and literature studies. The type of research used descriptive research so that it will describe the situation and characteristics of the informants. Meanwhile, the informant selection technique used in the study used purposive sampling technique in which the selection of each informant was not carried out randomly but according to the setting in this study involving 4 informants in the city of South Tangerang"

"Pandemi Covid-19 tentunya menyebabkan banyak sekali penyesuaian yang harus dilakukan oleh masyarakat, termasuk mahasiswa. Pada masa pandemi ini, mahasiswa banyak melakukan kegiatan secara daring yang menyebabkan perubahan hidup yang cukup signifikan pada mahasiswa. Situasi ketidakpastian akibat pandemi berdampak pada subjective well-being mahasiswa. Keluarga sebagai salah satu sumber dukungan sosial, berperan penting dalam membantu mempertahankan tingkat subjective well-being yang tinggi pada mahasiswa. Studi ini bertujuan untuk melihat peran keberfungsian keluarga terhadap subjective well-being mahasiswa pada masa pandemi Covid-19. Peneliti menggunakan tipe penelitian kuantitatif dengan strategi penelitian noneksperimental, di mana peneliti menyebarkan kuesioner keberfungsian keluarga (Family Assessment Device) dan kuesioner subjective well-being (Subjective Happiness Scale) kepada partisipan. Sebanyak total 390 mahasiswa dan mahasiswi S1 dengan rentang usia 18 - 23 tahun berpartisipasi pada penelitian ini. Berdasarkan hasil analisis multiple regression, diketahui bahwa keberfungsian keluarga berperan secara signifikan terhadap subjective well-being mahasiswa di masa pandemi Covid-19 (R2 = 0,274, p < 0,05). Dimensi keberfungsian keluarga yang berperan secara signifikan adalah dimensi komunikasi, peran, dan respon afektif. Oleh karena itu, keluarga diharapkan dapat meningkatkan komunikasi, pembagian peran dan respon afektif sehingga dapat mempertahankan tingkat subjective well-being yang baik

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The Covid-19 pandemic has caused a lot of adjustments that need to be done by the community, including college students. During this pandemic, students are doing a lot of online activities that cause significant life changes for students. The situation of uncertainty due to the pandemic has an impact on the subjective wellbeing of students. Family as a source of social support plays an important role in helping to maintain a high level of subjective well-being in students. This study aims to determine the role of family functioning on college students' subjective well-being in Covid-19 pandemic. This research is a quantitative nonexperimental study, using Family Assessment Device (FAD) and Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) questionnaire. A total of 390 men and women college students in the range of 18 - 23 years old participated in this study. Using multiple regressions analysis, the results showed that family functioning has a significant role on college students’ subjective well-being in Covid-19 pandemic situation (R2 = 0,274, p < 0,05). In addition, we obtained that communications, roles, and affective response dimensions have a significant role on subjective well-being. Therefore, families are expected to improve communication, roles and affective responses to maintain a good level of subjective well-being in college students.

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"Pandemi COVID-19 membawa berbagai perubahan dan tantangan bagi individu di seluruh dunia. Berbagai permasalahan muncul dan kemudian menurunkan kebahagiaan (subjective well-being) individu terhadap hidupnya. Salah satu aspek penting yang juga berpengaruh dalam hidup individu yaitu hubungan sosial yang di dalamnya terdapat hubungan berpacaran. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat hubungan antara subjective well-being (SWB) dengan kepuasan berpacaran pada individu dewasa muda di masa Pandemi COVID-19. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif cross-sectional dengan strategi penelitian non-eksperimental. Sebanyak 222 individu dewasa muda yang menjalani hubungan berpacaran mengisi alat ukur Subjective Happiness Scale yang disusun oleh Lyubomirsky dan Lepper (1999), serta alat ukur Relationship Assessment Scale yang disusun oleh Hendrick (1988). Melalui teknik analisis korelasi, ditemukan bahwa terdapat hubungan yang positif dan signifikan antara SWB dengan kepuasan berpacaran. Hasil lain yang didapatkan dari penelitian ini yaitu sebagian besar individu memiliki SWB dan kepuasan berpacaran yang tergolong sedang. Dikarenakan Pandemi COVID-19 diasosiasikan dengan permasalahan yang berdampak negatif, individu dianjurkan untuk tetap menjaga dan/atau meningkatkan perasaan positif terhadap hidup maupun pasangan. Selain itu, individu dianjurkan untuk dapat menyelesaikan atau meminimalisir berbagai permasalahan yang dialami selama Pandemi COVID-19 secara efektif agar tidak menurunkan kebahagiaan dan kepuasan berpacaran.

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The COVID-19 Pandemic brings various changes and challenges for individuals around the world. Various problems arise and then reduce the individual's happiness (subjective well-being) towards their life. One important aspect that also influences an individual's life is the social relationship, which include dating relationship. This research aims to see the relationship between subjective well-being (SWB) and dating satisfaction among young adults in COVID-19 Pandemic. This research is a cross-sectional quantitative approach with a non-experimental research strategy. A total of 222 young adults in dating relationships completed the Subjective Happiness Scale by Lyubomirsky and Lepper (1999), as well as the Relationship Assessment Scale by Hendrick (1988). Correlation analysis found that there was a positive and significant relationship between SWB and dating satisfaction. Another result obtained from this study is that most individuals have moderate SWB and dating satisfaction. Because the COVID-19 Pandemic is associated with problems that have a negative impact, individuals are suggested to maintain and increase positive affect towards life and their partners. In addition, individuals are suggested to be able to solve various problems experienced during the COVID-19 Pandemic effectively to avoid decrease lowering of happiness and satisfaction with dating."

"Pandemi COVID-19 menyebabkan munculnya konsekuensi negatif bagi Subjective well-being (SWB) remaja, yang merupakan kelompok paling rentan karena karakteristik perkembangannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi respons terhadap stres (primary control engagement coping, secondary control engagement coping, disengagement coping, involuntary engagement dan involuntary disengagement), traits kepribadian (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness to experience) dan persepsi terhadap dukungan sosial (keluarga, teman, figur yang signifikan) pada SWB remaja selama masa pandemi COVID-19. Partisipan adalah 313 orang remaja Indonesia (13-18 tahun) yang dipilih menggunakan metode convenience sampling. Alat ukur yang digunakan adalah Satisfaction with Life Scale, Scale of Positive and Negative Experience, Child Self Report Responses to Stress Questionnaire-COVID-19 dan Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Data dianalisis dengan regresi hierarki berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa respons terhadap stres, traits kepribadian, dan persepsi terhadap dukungan sosial berkontribusi terhadap SWB (LS, PA dan NA) remaja. Secara khusus, involuntary disengagement response, extraversion, neuroticism dan persepsi terhadap dukungan sosial dari keluarga secara signifikan berkontribusi pada SWB remaja. Hasil penelitian ini memberikan implikasi praktis bagi para praktisi untuk menyusun intervensi bagi remaja agar dapat mengembangkan respon terhadap stres yang adaptif dan untuk orang tua agar memberikan dukungan kepada remaja sehingga dapat mengoptimalkan SWB remaja Indonesia pada masa pandemi COVID-19 dan seterusnya.

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COVID-19 pandemic causes negative consequence for adolescents’ subjective well- being (SWB) as they are the most vulnerable group due to their developmental characteristic. This research investigated contribution response to stress (primary control engagement coping, secondary control engagement coping, disengagement coping, involuntary engagement dan involuntary disengagement), personality traits (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness to experience), and perceived social support (family, friends, significant figure) of adolescent SWB during COVID-19 pandemic period. The participants were 313 Indonesian adolescents (13-18 years old), selected using convenience sampling method. The measurements were Satisfaction with Life Scale, Scale of Positive and Negative Experience, Child Self Report Responses to Stress Questionnaire-COVID-19 dan Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression. Results showed that response to stress, personality traits, and perceived social support together contributed to adolescents’ SWB (LS, PA & NA) significantly. Specifically, involuntary disengagement response, extraversion, neuroticism and perceived social support from family significantly contributed to adolescents’ SWB. The practical implication for professionals are to develop psychological intervention for adolescents to be able to develop adaptive response to stress and for parents to give support to adolescents in order optimize their SWB in Indonesian context during the COVID-19 pandemic and onward."

"Pandemi COVID-19 tidak hanya berdampak pada kesehatan fisik namun juga pada SWB remaja. Remaja merupakan kelompok paling rentan terhadap dampak tersebut berkaitan dengan karakteristik perkembangannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kontribusi kesepian, traits kepribadian (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness to experience), dan persepsi terhadap dukungan sosial (keluarga, teman, figur yang signifikan) terhadap SWB (LS, PA, NA) remaja pada masa pandemi COVID-19 di Indonesia. Partisipan penelitian ini adalah 313 orang remaja yang tinggal di Indonesia usia 13-18 tahun (M= 15.72; SD=1) dengan tingkat pendidikan sekolah menengah (sederajat SMP dan SMA). Partisipan dipilih menggunakan metode convenience sampling, pengumpulan data dilakukan secara daring. Alat ukur dalam penelitian ini adalah Satisfaction with Life Scale, Scale of Positive and Negative Experience, R-UCLA Loneliness Scale Version 3, dan Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Analisis data menggunakan teknik regresi hirarki berganda. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kesepian, traits kepribadian, dan persepsi terhadap dukungan sosial berkontribusi terhadap SWB (LS, PA, NA) remaja secara signifikan. Kontributor yang signifikan adalah kesepian, neuroticism dan openness to experience, serta persepsi terhadap dukungan sosial dari keluarga. Hasil penelitian ini dapat dimanfaatkan untuk menyusun intervensi psikologis bagi remaja dan psikoedukasi bagi orangtua dalam meningkatkan SWB remaja pada masa pandemi.

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The COVID-19 pandemic not only has an impact on physical health but also on adolescents’ subjective well-being (SWB). Adolescent is the most vulnerable group affected by the negative consequences of COVID-19 pandemic. This research investigated the contribution of loneliness, personality trait (extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness to experience), and perceived social support (family, friend, and significant figure) to adolescents’ SWB during COVID-19 pandemic. The participants were 313 of Indonesian adolescents aged 13- 18 years (M= 15.72; SD=1. 517), with junior and senior high education. Participants were selected using the convenience sampling method and data were collected online. The measuring instruments used in this study are Satisfaction with Life Scale, Scale of Positive and Negative Experience, R-UCLA Loneliness Scale Version 3, and Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support. Data were analyzed using hierarchical multiple regression technique. The results showed that loneliness, personality traits, and perceived social support contributed to adolescent SWB (LS, PA, NA). Loneliness, neuroticism and openness to experience, and perceived social support from family were significant contributors to SWB (LS, PA, NA). This study can be implemented to develop psychological interventions for adolescents and psychoeducation for parents in increasing adolescent SWB during the pandemic."

"Pandemi Covid-19 membawa sejumlah tantangan dalam dunia pendidikan, kususnya terkait proses belajar-mengajar siswa. Pandemi Covid-19 membawa sejumlah konsekuensi psikologis pada kondisi emosi siswa dan hal ini memengaruhi tingkat subjective well-being secara kusus dalam konteks sekolah. Sayangnya, penelitian mengenai dampak pandemi Covid-19 pada subjective well-being di sekolah masih belum banyak dilakukan di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat faktor-faktor internal yang diperkirakan dapat menjadi prediktor dari subjective well-being siswa di sekolah. Secara lebih spesifik, penelitian ini ingin melihat peran academic resilience dan student engagement terhadap subjective well-being yang dimediasi oleh academic hope pada pelajar SMA. Partisipan penelitian ini adalah 509 siswa SMA, SMK dan MA di Jabodetabek. Analisis dilakukan menggunakan uji structural equation modelling (SEM) dan diketahui bahwa model penelitian yang dikembangkan fit dengan data (RMSEA= 0.066 , GFI=0.901, NFI =0.901). Academic hope diketahui memediasi secara penuh hubungan antara student engagement dan subjective well-being, dan memediasi parsial hubungan antara academic resilience dengan subjective well-being. Hasil dari penelitian ini dapat digunakan sebagai acuan psikolog sekolah untuk mengembangkan academic resilience, student engagement, dan juga academic hope sebagai upaya untuk meningkatkan subjective well-being siswa di sekolah.

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The Covid-19 pandemic has brought a number of challenges in the world of education, especially related learning process of students. The are some psychological consequences caused by the pandemic, it affects student’s emotional state and also the level of student’s subjective well-being, in particular in the school context. Unfortunately, research on the impact of the Covid-19 pandemic on subjective well-being in schools is still not widely carried out in Indonesia. Therefore, this study aims to look at the internal factors that are thought to be predictors of the subjective well-being of students at school. More specifically, this study wants to see the role of academic resilience and student engagement on subjective well-being mediated by academic hope in high school students. The participants of this study were 509 senior high school, vocational and MA students in Jabodetabek. The analysis was carried out using the structural equation modeling (SEM) test and it is known that the research model developed fits the data (RMSEA = 0.066 , GFI = 0.901, NFI = 0.901). Academic hope is known to fully mediate the relationship between student engagement and subjective well-being, and partially mediate the relationship between academic resilience and subjective well-being. The results of this study can be used as a reference for school psychologists to develop academic resilience, student engagement, and also academic hope as an effort to improve the subjective well-being of students in schools."

"Sejak adanya pembatasan aktivitas di luar rumah akibat masuknya virus corona ke Indonesia, aktivitas bekerja dan bersekolah harus mengalami perubahan dari luring menjadi daring. Bekerja secara remote menjadi cara yang digunakan banyak perusahaan dalam upaya penyesuaian di tengah kondisi pandemi. Ibu yang bekerja selama pandemi akhirnya harus menginjakkan kaki mereka di banyak peran dan harus menggantikan peran guru bagi anak-anaknya di rumah. Menggunakan uji korelasi pearson product moment, ditemukan adanya hubungan negatif yang signifikan antara stres pengasuhan dan kebahagiaan pada ibu yang bekerja dari rumah di masa pandemi. Hal ini berarti semakin tinggi stres yang dialami oleh ibu menyebabkan penurunan kebahagiaan yang dirasakan.

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Since the outdoor activities restrictions due to the Corona virus in Indonesia, work and school activities are experiencing changes from offline to online. Working remotely is becoming a new method that is used by many companies in an effort to adjust to the pandemic situation. Mothers who worked during the pandemic had to set foot in many roles and have to replace the role as teacher for their children at home. By using the pearson product moment correlation test, it was found that there was stress experienced by the parenting process that was related to happiness in mothers who worked from home during the pandemic. This means, that the higher the stress experienced by the mother causes a decrease in the happiness felt."

"Pandemi Covid-19 menyebabkan ketidakpastian terhadap seluruh lapisan masyarakat, termasuk dewasa muda. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat bagaimana peran efikasi diri secara umum sebagai prediktor dalam memprediksi subjective well-being dewasa muda selama pandemi Covid-19. Penelitian ini menggunakan tipe kuantitatif, variabel kesejahteraan subjektif diukur dengan Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS) dan efikasi diri secara umum diukur menggunakan General Self-Efficacy Scale. Partisipan penelitian ini adalah 488 dewasa muda yang memiliki rentang usia 18 - 25 tahun. Hasil pada penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa efikasi diri secara umum berperan sebagai prediktor terhadap kesejahteraan subjektif dewasa muda secara signifikan (Adjusted R² = 0.349, p<0.05). Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, semakin tinggi skor efikasi diri secara umum pada partisipan maka semakin tinggi pula skor kesejahteraan subjektif. Oleh karena itu, individu diharapkan dapat meningkat efikasi diri secara umum dengan meningkatkan pengetahuan diri dan persepsi positif mengenai kehidupan sehingga dapat meningkatkan kesejahteraan subjektif.

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The Covid-19 pandemic has caused uncertainty for all levels of society, including young adults. Individual’s subjective well-being is thought to be a protective factor in this pandemic. This study aims to describe the role of general self-efficacy on the subjective well-being of young adults during the Covid-19 pandemic. This study used a quantitative type, the measurement of General self efficacy uses the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and subjective well-being measurement uses Subjective Happiness Scale (SHS). Participants in this study were 488 young adults who had an age range of 18-25 years. The results of this study indicate that general self-efficacy plays a significant role as a predictor of subjective well-being in young adults (Adjusted R² = 0.349, p<0.05). Based on these results, the higher the general self-efficacy score on the participants, the higher the subjective well-being score. Therefore, individuals are expected to increase their general self-efficacy by increasing their self-knowledge and positive perceptions about life so that it can increase subjective well-being."

"Kesejahteraan psikologis merupakan aspek yang penting dalam mendukung perkembangan yang optimal pada masa kanak-kanak tengah. Salah satu faktor yang berhubungan dengan kesejahteraan psikologis anak pada tahap ini adalah keterlibatan orang tua. Pada penelitian ini, peneliti hendak melihat perbedaan kesejahteraan psikologis siswa berdasarkan keterlibatan orang tua dalam pembelajaran. Teknik analisis uji independent-samples t-test dan one-way ANOVA digunakan untuk melihat perbedaan skor kesejahteraan psikologis berdasarkan keberadaan keterlibatan dan banyaknya cara keterlibatan belajar. Hasil analisis pada studi ini menemukan bahwa terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan pada skor kesejahteraan psikologis siswa berdasarkan keterlibatan orang tua dalam pembelajaran (t(1849)= -4.35, p< 0,05). Implikasi pada studi ini menyimpulkan bahwa keterlibatan orang tua merupakan faktor yang penting dalam meningkatkan kesejahteraan psikologis siswa.

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Psychological well-being is an important aspect in supporting optimal development in middle childhood. One of the factors related to the psychological well-being of middle childhood is parental engagement. This study seeks to see differences in students' psychological well-being based on parental engagement in learning. Independentsamples t-test and one-way ANOVA were used to see the differences in psychological well-being scores based on the presence of parental engagement and the number of ways of parental engagement. The results of the study found that there was a significant difference in students' psychological well-being scores based on parental engagement in learning (t(1849)= -4.35, p<0.05). The implications of this study conclude that parental engagement is a significant factor in improving students' psychological well-being."

"Tantangan penyesuaian peran ganda yang disebabkan oleh pandemi COVID-19 memberikan dampak buruk pada psychological well-being ibu yang bekerja, khususnya pada ibu yang bekerja dengan anak kelas 1-3 sekolah dasar karena adanya tantangan perkembangan serta perubahan sistem pembelajaran akibat pandemi COVID-19. Mindful parenting merupakan gaya pengasuhan yang dapat diterapkan untuk menghindari penurunan psychological well-being. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian korelasional yang bertujuan untuk melihat kontribusi mindful parenting terhadap psychological well-being pada ibu bekerja dengan anak yang duduk di kelas 1 sampai dengan 3 SD. Mindful parenting dan psychological well-being pada ibu bekerja dengan anak yang duduk di kelas 1 sampai dengan 3 SD (N=310) diukur menggunakan Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale dan Ryff’s Scale of Psychological Well-being. Hasil analisis statistik regresi linear sederhana menunjukkan bahwa mindful parenting memiliki kontribusi yang positif dan signifikan terhadap psychological well-being.

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The challenge of adjusting to multiple roles caused by the COVID-19 pandemic has a negative impact on the psychological well-being of working mothers. Especially for mothers who work with children in grades 1-3 of elementary school due to developmental challenges and changes in the learning system due to the COVID-19 pandemic. Mindful parenting is a parenting style that can be applied to avoid a decrease in psychological well-being. This correlational study aims to examine the contribution of mindful parenting to psychological well-being in working mothers with children who are in grades 1 to 3 of elementary school. Mindful parenting and psychological well-being of working mothers with children in grades 1 to 3 of elementary school (N=310) were measured using the Interpersonal Mindfulness in Parenting Scale and Ryff's Scale of Psychological Well-being. The results of simple linear regression statistical analysis showed that mindful parenting had a positive and significant contribution to psychological well-being."