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"Latar Belakang: Migrain sebagai salah satu jenis prevalensi nyeri kepala primer pada kedua jenis kelamin mencapai puncaknya antara usia 25 hingga 55 tahun sedangkan puncak prevalensi TTH diamati antara usia 30 hingga 39 tahun, dimana periode tersebut merupakan tahun paling produktif untuk bekerja. Karena dampaknya signifikan terhadap produktivitas, ketidakhadiran, dan kesehatan pekerja, bersama dengan prevalensinya yang tinggi dalam populasi pekerja, nyeri kepala harus dipertimbangkan sebagai prioritas dalam kedokteran kerja. Latihan fisik merupakan salah satu intervensi yang bisa menjadi cara efektif untuk mengurangi gejala sakit kepala. Laporan kasus berbasis bukti ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efektivitas latihan fisik di lingkungan kerja untuk mengurangi gejala, frekuensi dan intensitas, penggunaan analgesik atau perbaikan lain pada pasien nyeri kepala tipe tegang (TTH). Metode: Pencarian literatur dilakukan melalui tinjauan database elektronik: Pubmed, Google Scholar dan Cochrane. Kata kunci yang digunakan adalah “tension type headache” and “physical exercise” and “workers”. Kriteria inklusi pencarian ini adalah uji coba terkontrol secara acak (RCT), systematic review (SR), pekerja dengan nyeri kepala tipe tegang. Kriteria eksklusi artikel ini adalah artikel yang tidak dapat diakses, RCT yang telah digunakan dalam systematic review terkini.Hasil: Pencarian literatur dilakukan pada 21 April 2019. Ditemukan 3 artikel yang relevan untuk menjawab pertanyaan klinis; 2 RCT dan 1 SR. Pada artikel pertama, intention to treat analysis menunjukkan penurunan frekuensi dan intensitas nyeri kepala sekitar 50% di semua kelompok intervensi dibandingkan dengan REF pada tindak lanjut 20 minggu (P <0,001). Penggunaan analgesik lebih rendah pada kelompok intervensi yang diamati (1WS, 3WS dan 9WS), tetapi tidak pada kelompok dengan supervisi pelatihan minimal (3MS), dibandingkan dengan REF saat tindak lanjut. Pada artikel kedua, tidak ada efek antar kelompok yang terdeteksi, tetapi dalam kelompok tersebut terdapat penurunan angka dari awal hingga tindak lanjut. Frekuensi TTH pada kelompok ST menurun 11% (P = 0,041) dan durasi menurun sebesar 10% (P = 0,036), sedangkan kelompok koreksi ergonomis dan postur menunjukkan penurunan frekuensi yang signifikan sebesar 24% (P = 0,0033) dan penurunan durasi 27% (P = 0,041). Artikel ketiga adalah SR yang menemukan 15 artikel. Tidak ada artikel yang diklasifikasikan sebagai risiko bias rendah menurut the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool. Kesimpulan: Ketiga artikel yang dinilai membuktikan bahwa latihan fisik efektif dalam mengurangi gejala, frekuensi, intensitas sakit kepala serta penggunaan analgesik pada pekerja khususnya pekerja kantoran. Latihan tersebut dapat diterapkan pada pekerja kantoran, meskipun tidak dapat disimpulkan mana yang terbaik.

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Background : Migraine as one type of primary headache prevalence in both sexes peaks between 25 to 55 years of age whereas the peak prevalence for TTH is observed between 30 to 39 years of age, with those periods often regarded as the most productive years of employment. Because of their significant impact on productivity, absenteeism, and workers’ wellness, together with their high prevalence in the working population, headache disorders should be considered as a priority in occupational medicine. To our knowledge, physical exercise is one of intervention that could be an effective way to reduce the symptoms of headache. This evidence based case report aimed to know about the effectiveness of physical exercise in workplace setting to reduce symptom, frequency and intensity, use of analgesic or any other improvement in tension type headache patient.

Method : Literature searches were conducted through an electronic database review: Pubmed, Google Scholar and Cochrane. The keywords used were “tension type headache” and “physical exercise” and “workers”. The inclusion criteria of this searching strategy were randomizes controlled trial, systematic reviews, workers with tension type headache. The exclusion criteria of this article were inaccessible articles, RCTs that have been used in recent systematic review.

Result : Literature search was carried out on April 21 2019. Found 3 relevant articles to answer clinical question; 2 Randomized control trial and 1 systematic review. In first article, the intention-to-treat analysis showed reduced headache frequency and intensity of approximately 50% in all training groups compared with REF at 20-week follow-up (P<0.001). Use of analgesics was lower in the supervised training groups (1WS, 3WS and 9WS), but not in the group with minimal training supervision (3MS), compared with REF at follow-up. In second article, twenty-three patients completed strength training and 21 completed ergonomic and posture correction (perprotocol). No between-group effect was detected, but within groups numerical reductions were noted in both groups from baseline to follow-up. Frequency of TTH in the strength training group decreased by 11% (P=0.041) and duration decreased by10% (P=0.036), while the ergonomic and posture correction group showed a significant reduction in frequency of 24% (P=0.0033) and a decrease in duration of 27% (P=0.041). Third article was a systematic review which found fifteen articles. None of them were classified as low risk of bias according to the Cochrane Collaboration’s tool for assessing risk of bias.

Conclusion : The three studies that have been appraised prove that physical exercise can be effective in reducing symptoms, frequency, intensity of headache also the use of analgesic in workers especially those experienced by office workers. Those exercise is also applicable in workplace setting especially in office workers, although can not be concluded which one is the best."

"ABSTRAKHipertensi (HT) menjadi resiko utama penyebab kematian lansia. Kepatuhanlatihan fisik adalah salah satu kendala manajemen HT. Penelitian bertujuanmengidentifikasi faktor yang berhubungan dengan tingkat kepatuhan lansia HTmelakukan latihan fisik. Penelitian cross-sectional pada 108 lansia diseleksidengan purposive sampel. Pengambilan data menggunakan kuesioner. Analisadata menggunakan chi-square dan regresi logistik ganda. Riwayat keluarga(p=0,037), persepsi kerentanan (p=0,018), persepsi hambatan (p=0,044), persepsidukungan keluarga (p=0,005) dan persepsi dukungan sosial (p=0,004) memilikihubungan yang signifikan. Faktor paling dominan adalah persepsi dukungansosial (exp (β) = 3,759). Dukungan sosial diperlukan lansia untuk mematuhiprogram kesehatan.

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ABSTRACTHypertension (HT) is a major risk of elderly mortality. Adherence physicalexercise is one of HT management constraints. The study aimed to identify factorsrelated to adherence level of HT elder did physical exercise. Cross-sectionalstudies of 108 elderly were selected by purposive samples. Data collection usingquestionnaire. Data analysis using chi-square and multiple logistic regression.Family history (p=0.037), perception of resistance (p=0.044), perception of familysupport (p=0.005) and social support perception (p=0.004) have significantrelationship. The most dominant factor is the perception of social support (exp(β)=3.759). Social support is needed by the elderly to comply with the healthprogram."

"ABSTRAKUrbanisasi yang terjadi di kota Depok mempengaruhi gaya hidup. Pola makan gorengan danmakanan berisiko serta kurangnya aktifitas menjadi faktor yang munculya penyakit degeneratifpada masyarakat perkotaan. Salah satu penyakit degeneratif yang sering muncul adalah diabetesmellitus. Diabetes merupakan ancaman kesehatan yang menjadi fokus bagi perawat komunitas.Peran perawat komunitas memberikan asuhan keperawatan keluarga dan individu. Perawatmemberikan asuhan keperawatan di RW 02 Tugu Depok yang memiliki masalah utama kesehatanadalah diabetes. Perawat melakukan asuhan keperawatan pada keluarga bapak S, yang memilikianggota keluarga DM yaitu ibu R, dengan menggunakan intervensi unggulan berupa jalan kaki 30menit setiap hari. Hasil dari intervensi setelah 18 kali dilakukan terdapat penurunan kadar guladarah ibu R. Sehingga latihan fisik berjalan kaki dapat menurunkan kadar gula darah penderitaDM. Selain latihan fisik, kepatuhan obat dan manajemen diet DM yang tepat juga menjadi faktorpendukung dalam mengontrol kadar gula darah pada penderita DM.

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ABSTRACTUrbanization that happened in Depok give an impact to lifestyle. The habit of eating fried foodsand another risk foods, and also lack of activity, can be a risk for degenerative diseases on urbancommunity. One of degenerative disease which often to happen in urban community is DiabeticMellitus DM . DM is a health rsquo s threat whcich can be a focused for community health nurses.Nurse rsquo s roles are giving care plan for family and an individual. Nurse gave a care plan in RW 02Tugu, Depok, which has DM as their main problem. Nurse gave a care plan on Mr. S rsquo s family withDM problem on Mrs. R. The main nursing intervention is physical exercise with walking for 30minutes everyday. The result of this intervention after 18th visit was reducing of blood glucoselevel on Mrs. R. This can be conclude that physical exercise with walking can reduce bloodglucose level on DM patient. Beside physical exercise, obedience of medication, and dietmanagement are also supporting factor to reduce blood glucose level on DM patient."

"Latihan fisik yang dilakukan secara aktif berdampak positif terhadap tingkat kemandirian dalam memenuhi ADL nya. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan antara latihan fisik berdasarkan jenis, frekuensi, dan durasi tingkat kemandirian ADL. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif analitik melalui pendekatan cross sectional dengan jumlah sampel 103 lansia riwayat penyakit jantung. Tingkat kemandirian lansia diukur menggunakan Indeks kemandirian Katz yang sudah dimodifikasi.. Hasil dari penelitian ini, lansia yang melakukan jenis latihan fisik dalam katagori cukup baik ( 69,9%). Tingkat kemandirian melakukan ADL dalam katagori mandiri (96,8%), dengan nilai OR 2.79, α 0,00 dan 95% CI : 1.14-1.57, artinya ada hubungan antara jenis latihan fisik dengan kemandirian melakukan ADL, untuk frekuensi latihan fisik dalam katagori sangat baik (65,1%). Tingkat kemandirian ADL dalam katagori mandiri (89,5%), dengan nilai OR 1,47, α 0,00 dan 95% CI : 1.12-1.93, artinya ada hubungan antara frekuensi latihan fisik dengan kemandirian melakukan ADL pada lansia yang mempunyai riwayat penyakit jantung. Hasil penelitian ini merekomendasikan bagi lansia yang mempunyai penyakit jantung untuk melakukan latihan fisik secara teratur sehingga membantu meningkatkan kemandirian ADL lansia.

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Physical exercise is performed actively positive impact on the level of independence in fulfilling its ADL. This study aims to investigate the relationship between physical exercise based on the type, frequency, and duration of the level of independence of the ADL. This research is a descriptive cross sectional analytical approach with a sample of 103 elderly heart disease history. The level of independence of elderly Katz independence index is measured using a modified. The results of this study, elderly people who do this type of physical exercise in the category quite well (69.9%). Level of independence do ADL in the independent category (96.8%), with OR 2.79, α 0.00 and 95% CI: 1:14 to 1:57, meaning that there was a relationship between the type of physical exercise to perform ADL independence, to the frequency of physical exercise in the category very good (65.1%). ADL independence level in the category of independent (89.5%), with OR 1.47, α 0.00 and 95% CI: 1.12-1.93, which means that there is a relationship between the frequency of physical exercise to perform ADL independence in older people who have a history of disease heart. The results of this study recommend for the elderly who have heart disease to undertake regular physical exercise that helps increase the independence of elderly ADL."

"The book covers areas of cellular physiology and metabolism that are of interest to scientists involved in research in diabetes and metabolic diseases. Some chapters of the book are specifically research-oriented, as all the authors are actively practicing either bench or clinical research in the area. In particular, the book discusses classical aspects of cellular physiology and the metabolism of physical exercise, as well as novel topics like exercise in transplantation and exercise in beta-cell failure, which mark the frontiers of research in sport-related sciences and research. "

"ABSTRAKNyeri punggung bawah merupakan keluhan umum pada pekerja danmembutuhkan biaya besar. Penggunaan tenaga manusia di dunia industriIndonesia masih dominan. Salah satu intervensi yaitu latihan fisik. Telaah artikeldiperlukan untuk mengetahui efektifitas latihan fisik terhadap nyeri punggungbawah. Tujuan yang ingin dicapai yaitu memperoleh bukti bahwa latihan fisikdapat mengurangi terjadinya nyeri punggung bawah pada pekerja. Pencarianartikel dilakukan dengan menggunakan PubMed. Kriteria inklusi yaitu artikeldiatas tahun 2000, berbahasa Inggris, berkaitan dengan office work, danmenggunakan systematic review dari randomized controlled trial atau beruparandomized controlled trial itu sendiri. Kriteria eksklusi yaitu bila artikel lengkaptidak bisa didapatkan. Artikel ditelaah kritis berdasarkan kriteria penilaianvaliditas, kepentingan, dan aplikatif/kemamputerapan dari Critical AppraisalSystematic reviews, PICO-FAST Analysis. Sebagai hasil didapatkan tiga artikelsystematic review dari randomized controlled trial dengan hasil baik dan bisadipercaya. Latihan fisik terbukti efektif dan berdampak positif terhadap nyeripunggung bawah di tempat kerja, seperti mengurangi gangguan aktivitas,mengurangi ijin sakit, dan menghemat biaya. Kesimpulan yang bisa diambil yaitulatihan fisik mengurangi intensitas dan insiden nyeri punggung bawah di tempatkerja.

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ABSTRACTLow back pain has been a common complaint found in workers, which made ahigh cost to cure. Man power used in Indonesia is dominant. One of theintervention is physical exercise. Article review is needed to know physicalexercise effectivity to low back pain. The aim for this article is to gain evidencethat physical exercise can decrease the onset of low back pain in workers. Studiesselected by using PubMed. Inclusion criterias are year 2000 and above articles,English written, office work, and using systematic review of randomizedcontrolled trial or randomized controlled trial itself. Exclusion criteria is whenthe complete article cannot be found. The articles were analyzed by using criteriaof validity, importance, dan applicability from Critical Appraisal Systematicreviews, PICO-FAST Analysis. The result is three articles systematic review ofrandomized controlled trial with good and trustable result. Physical exercise iseffective and have positive impact to prevent low back pain in the workplace, suchas decreasing the activity disturbance, decreasing sick leave, and cost saving. Theconclusion is physical exercise can reduce intensity and insidence of low backpain in workplace."

"Perilaku kurang aktif pada pasien DM tipe 2 dapat meningkatkan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Salah satu faktor yang menentukan perilaku aktif, yaitu persepsi latihan fisik. Penelitian kualitatif dengan wawancara mengenai persepsi latihan fisik dan perilaku latihan fisik dilakukan di Puskesmas Kecamatan Menteng pada pasien DM tipe 2 yang mengikuti senam. Terdapat 9 informan, sebagian besar usia produktif, perempuan, pendidikan rendah, ibu rumah tangga, riwayat menderita DM > 5 tahun, kadar HbA1 ≥ 6,5%, > 1 tahun bergabung dalam komunitas senam, 3 informan memiliki komplikasi. Sebagian besar informan merasakan sangat bermanfaat terhadap persepsi manfaat latihan fisik. Namun, ada beberapa informan merasakan latihan fisik kurang bermanfaat memperbaiki kolesterol, tidur kurang nyenyak, penurunan kekuatan otot dan penurunan kelenturan. Sebagian besar informan tidak merasakan persepsi hambatan latihan fisik. Sebagian besar informan berperilaku aktif. Frekuensi dan durasi latihan fisik sangat dipengaruhi persepsi manfaat dan hambatan latihan fisik. Strategi edukasi sangat diperlukan agar perilaku hidup aktif dapat dipertahankan untuk mengontrol kadar glukosa darah, mengendalikan komplikasi dan mencegah disabilitas. Sedentary behaviour in type 2 diabetes patients can increase the risk of cardiovascular disease. Exercise perception is a factor that determines regular exercise behaviour. Qualitative research with interview about exercise perception and exercise behaviour in type 2 diabetes patients participated in aerobic exercise at Puskesmas Kecamatan Menteng.

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There were 9 informants, majority had productive age, female, low education, housewives, history of type 2 DM more than 5 years, HbA 1 c level ≥ 6.5%, more than 1 year joined the community. 3 informants had complications. Most of the informants felt very beneficial for the perception of exercise benefits. However, there were some informants who felt exercise less useful in improved cholesterol level, worst sleep, decreased muscle strength and decreased flexibility. Most of the informants did not feel exercise barriers and  performed aerobic exercise regularly. The frequency and duration of aerobic exercise were very influenced by exercise benefits and barriers perception. The education strategies were very needed to maintenance active lifestyle, blood glucose control, reduce complications and prevent disability."

"ABSTRAKKanker payudara adalah kanker pada jaringan payudara. Kanker ini merupakan kankeryang paling umum diderita wanita. Pengalaman dan pengobatan kanker tersebutmempunyai pengaruh yang besar dalam kualitas hidup pasien, seperti kelemahan,nausea dan nyeri. Efek samping atau keluhan dari kanker dan pengobatannya cenderungmeningkat selama perawatan dan dapat menetap selama berbulan-bulan atau bertahuntahun.Untuk mencapai proses penyembuhan dan pemulihan yang baik pada pasienkanker payudara pasca mastektomi perlu adanya manajemen nyeri yang tepat. Penelitianini bertujuan mengidentifikasi pengaruh latihan fisik terhadap nyeri pada pasien kankerpayudara pasca mastektomi di RSUD Dr. Achmad Mochtar Bukittinggi. Desainpenelitian ini adalah quasi eksperiment, khususnya non-equivalent control group denganpre dan post test. Sampel berjumlah 30 orang (15 orang kelompok intervensi yangdiberikan 7 hari latihan fisik ditambah analgesik dan 15 orang kelompok kontrol yangdiberikan terapi standar analgesik), yang diambil dengan metode non probabilitysampling jenis consecutive sampling. Evaluasi tingkat nyeri dilakukan setiap hari baikpada kelompok intervensi maupun kelompok kontrol. Hasil penelitian diperoleh adanyapenurunan tingkat nyeri setiap harinya, baik pada kelompok intervensi maupun kelompokkontrol. Penurunan yang lebih besar terjadi pada kelompok intervensi (p=0,000), artinyalatihan fisik pada pasien kanker payudara pasca mastektomi dapat berpengaruh terhadappenurunan tingkat nyeri. Rekomendasi hasil penelitian ini perlu adanya penelitian lanjutdengan jumlah sampel yang lebih besar dan dilanjutkan dengan perawatan di rumah sertadapat di jadikan salah satu intervensi keperawatan dalam menangani manajemen nyeripasca mastektomi.

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ABSTRACTBreast cancer is one of the common types of cancer among women. The trajectory of theexperience for having the disease and its trestment are believed to produce a big effect onthe quality of life of the patients. The experiences such as weaknesses, nauseated, andpain have to be through by the patients on the daily bases. This side effects andcomplaints created form the cancer and its therapy tend to increase during hospitalizationand can be pertinent for months or ever years. Therefore, to achieve a better healing andrecovery processes for the breast cancer patients especially post mastectomy requires theright pain management.The purpose of this study is to identify the effect of physical exercise on pain perceivedby the breast cancer patient after mastectomy at Dr Achmad Mochtar General Hospital,Bukittinggi. The design was a quasi experimental using a non-equivalent control groupwith pre and post test approach. There was 30 subjects participated in the study dividedtwo groups (the intervention group was provided with analgesic and seven days physicalexercise; and, the control group was provided with analgesic only); 15 subjects for eachgrup. A non probability sampling method-consecutive type was utilized to gather thesubjects. The pain was evaluated each day to both groups.The findings of the study demonstrated that there is a daily pain reduction between bothgroups. Further, the comparison of the pain reduction between these two group leads tothe bigger pain reduction in the intervention group compared to the control group(p=0.000). This finding showed that the physical exercise provided to the postmastectomy-breast cancer patients has a significant effect to reduce the pain level. Thiswith home care; also this finding can be used as a foundation to involve physicalexercise as on of the nursing intervention in managing post mastectomy pain commonlyexperienced by breast cancer patients."