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"Anterior crossbite occurs in children and adult. This anterior crossbite could be a dental (pseudo class III) or a skeletal class III malocclusions. A 15 years old young female came to orthodontic clinic RSGM FKGUI with maxillary dental crowding which canines were more protruded. The dental of mandible were more protruded than maxillary dental. The clinical examination, anamnesis, functional analyses and cephalometric evaluation and model study showed that it was a skeletal class III malocclusion with maxillary skeletal retrusion. To treat the anterior crossbite, the inclined bite plane isused for 2 weeks and followed by fixed appliance. After 2 month treatment, the anterior crossbite is resolved. The result of cephalometric evaluation showed that the use of inclined bite plane as a tool is quite effective to resolve this case."

"Journal of Dentistry 2006; Special Edition KPPIKG XIV: 374-378Timing of orthodontic treatment for Class III malocclusion has always been somewhat controversial. Many orthodontic pioneers like Angle, Tweed, and Graber have advocated early interception of class III malocclusion because this kind of skeletal discrepancy once established, would usually progress rapidly. What kind of early treatment would be appropriate for this malocclusion? Would this approach be effective and promises a stable result? Early orthodontic treatment is defined as a treatment that is initiated during the primary or the mixed dentition stage to enhance skeletal and dental development. It is usually done in two phases. The first phase is intended to correct skeletal discrepancy by taking advantage of growth and development period. The second phase followed to improve occlusal relationship. Early treatment of Class III malocclusion is a possible alternative to improve skeletal discrepancy or at the very least may serve to prevent a worsening malocclusion. Principles of Class III early treatment depend on whether it is dental Class III, functional Class III, or skeletal Clas III. Practitioners should consider positive and negative factors of a patient before initiating treatment. Likewise, they should understand factors that affect prognosis and stability of the results."

"Penelitian mengenai pemakaian pembalut (band) yang mengandung insektisida (DEET) pada pergelangan tangan, pergelangan kaki, dan kepala untuk pelindung perorangan dari gigitan nyamuk Anopheles maculatus sebagai vektor malaria, telah dilakukan di daerah Kuang, Selangor, Malaysia, pada bulan Mei sampai Juni 1998. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui berapa konsentrasi insektisida (DEET) pada pembalut yang efektif dan efisien untuk pelindung perorangan dari gigitan nyamuk An.maculatus. Cara yang digunakan untuk penangkapan nyamuk di alam terbuka dengan umpan manusia yang memakai pembalut yang mengandung DEET dengan konsentrasi yang berbeda yaitu 5%, 10%, dan 30% sedangkan kontrol 0% dengan memakai pembalut yang mengandung alkohol absolut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa selama 6 kali percobaan diperoleh 85 ekor nyamuk (36 ekor An.maculatus dan 49 ekor nyamuk yang lain) dari pemakai pembalut nyamuk yang 0%, 22 ekor nyamuk dari pemakai pembalut yang mengandung DEET 5%, 10 ekor nyamuk dari pemakai pembalut yang mengandung DEET 10%, dan dari DEET 30% diperoleh 3 nyamuk. Dengan memakai pembalut yang mengandung DEET 30% dapat mengurangi gigitan nyamuk An.maculatus sebesar 95,77%."

"Indonesian Journal of Dentistry 2006; Edisi Khusus KPPIKG XIV: 155-158The causes of TMD are complex and multifactorial, therefore the management should be done by several disciplines. ln this report, a 27-year-old man came to the teaching hospital of the University of Indonesia Faculty of Dentistry's Prosthodontic Department complaining about clicking sound and pain around his right joint. He received orthodontic treatment 9 years ago with removable appliance at a private practice and had 4 premolar extraction. The patient's face looked asymmetric, with a low vertical dimension, a Class II occlusion, and an anterior deep bite. Besides that, he clenched his teeth during emotional stress. Lateral tanscranial photo showed that the position of the left condyle was relatively normal or slightly anterior, and the right condyle was in the superoposterior position in the fossa with an abnormal shape. To solve this problem, the patient was referred to the Orthodontic Deparment to get a correct vertical dimension and normal anterior overbite. After 6 years, the patient was again referred to the prosthodontic Department, but the result was not successful. In order to get the right vertical dimension, an occlusal splint was fabricated to achieve a comfort jaw relation. In this position, the overbite was 2 mm, but space between the upper and lower posterior teeth was 5 mm. In this situation, full veneer crowns were not impossible to fabricate. Finally, to maintain this comfort position, the patient was suggested to wear the occlusal splint and come regularly for control every 6 months."