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"There are two main versions of the Panji story in the Thai literary tradition, entitled Inao and Dalang respectively. Both versions were first composed at the Thai court in roughly the eighteenth century and have provided inspiration for Thai arts ever since. Of the two stories, the Inao has become much more popular than the Dalang. The most influential Inao work was composed by King Rama II (r. 1809-1824) and his reign is widely accepted as the heyday of Inao. There was also another period of time in which the Inao theme was popular: the reign of King Chulalongkorn (r. 1868-1910). This article is an examination of the presentation of the Inao story during the reign of King Chulalongkorn and also presents an assessment of the significance of these Inao works to the Inao tradition. The findings of this article reveal that, during this period, the Inao story was presented in an increasingly diversified number of art and cultural works in both traditional and new styles. These Inao works marked a significant turning-point in the Inao culture and indicate that not only was the reign of King Chulalongkorn “a Golden Age” of the Inao in Thailand, but it was also “a transitional period” in the Thai Panji tradition."

"Budaya populer Thailand semakin berkembang seiring dengan meningkatnya antusiasme publik terhadap industri entertainment Thailand. Perkembangan ini membentuk suatu kolektif penggemar yang kemudian mendefinisikan dirinya sebagai "Thai Enthusiast". Penelitian ini menganalisis perkembangan fandom digital dan budaya penggemar "Thai Enthusiast" di Indonesia. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode etnografi digital atau netnografi, meliputi wawancara mendalam secara daring dan observasi partisipan secara digital di media sosial. Hasil temuan dalam penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa budaya populer Thailand di Indonesia mulai berkembang pesat terutama semenjak pandemi. Perkembangan ini membawa hadirnya ragam budaya penggemar yang direpresentasikan melalui berbagai praktik penggemar dalam ruang-ruang digital. Dalam aktivitasnya, setiap penggemar saling berbagi perspektif dan berbagi makna dalam mengekspresikan relasi emosional dengan idol dan mengkonseptualisasikan nilai tentang fandom digitalnya.

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Thai popular culture is growing along with the increasing public enthusiasm for the Thai entertainment industry. This development formed a fan collective which later defined itself as a "Thai Enthusiast". This study analyzes the development of digital fandom and fan culture of "Thai Enthusiast" in Indonesia. This research was conducted using digital ethnographic methods or netnography, including online in-depth interviews and digital participant observation on social media. The findings in this study indicate that Thai popular culture in Indonesia has begun to develop rapidly, especially since the pandemic. This development presents a variety of fan culture which is represented through various fan practices in digital spaces. In their activities, each fan shares perspectives and shares meaning in expressing emotional relationships with idols and conceptualizing values about their digital fandom."

"ABSTRAKTulisan ini akan membahas mengenai bagaimana relasi yang dimiliki oleh Raja Bhumibol Adulyadej dan militer di Thailand mampu mempengaruhi hasil percobaan kudeta, secara spesifik yakni pada lima kasus percobaan kudeta. Relasi tersebut dipahami sebagai ada atau tidaknya hubungan simbiosis di antara raja dan militer. Hubungan simbiosis yang dimiliki kedua pihak tidak terlepas dari kepentingan politik dan ekonominya masing-masing. Ketika terdapat simbiosis, maka percobaan kudeta relatif berhasil, sebagaimana dapat dilihat pada percobaan kudeta terhadap Plaek Phibunsongkhram, Seni Pramoj, dan Thaksin Shinawatra. Sebaliknya, ketika tidak terdapat simbiosis, maka percobaan kudeta relatif gagal, mengingat raja merasa tidak diuntungkan dan tidak mau memberikan dukungannya bagi militer untuk melancarkan kudeta, sebagaimana dapat dilihat pada percobaan kudeta terhadap Prem Tinsulanonda tahun 1981 dan 1985. Dalam melakukan analisis terhadap lima kasus tersebut, penulis menggunakan beberapa konsep, seperti konsep legitimasi raja, identitas Thailand (Thai Identity/Ekkalak Thai), hyper-royalism,organisasi militer, pretorian, dan kudeta militer.

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ABSTRACT

This paper will discuss how do the relations between King Bhumibol Adulyadej and the military in Thailand affect the results of coup attempts, specifically on five coup attempt cases. In this context, the relation itself can be understood as the presence or absence of symbiotic relations between the king and the military. Symbiotic relations between the two are inseparable from their own political and economic interests. When symbiotic relation between the two exists, the coup attempt tends to be successful, as can be seen in the coup attempt on Plaek Phibunsongkhram, Seni Pramoj, and Thaksin Shinawatra. On the contrary, when there is no symbiotic relation, the coup attempt tend to be failed, given that the king feels disadvantaged so that he will not give his support for the military to launch a coup, as can be seen in the coup attempt on Prem Tinsulanonda in 1981 and 1985. The author uses several concepts, such as the concept of king's legitimacy, Thai Identity/Ekkalak Thai, hyper-royalism, military organizations, praetorians, and military coups, in order to analyze the five cases."