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Penelitian ini mencoba untuk menguji pengaruh perilaku perokok pasif di level rumah tangga di Indonesia dengan berfokus pada hubungan perilaku merokok suami terhadap produktivitas istri yang bekerja dan tidak merokok yang diukur dengan pendapatan dan jumlah jam kerja. Secara statistik, prevalensi merokok pria di Indonesia sekitar 67% sedangkan prevalensi merokok wanita hanya 2.1%.  Penelitian ini menggunakan data panel yang bersumber dari Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) 4 dan IFLS 5, dengan membandingkan hasil dari tiga metode statistik: OLS, Fixed Effect, dan metode IV. Secara keseluruhan, hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku merokok suami berhubungan negatif dengan pendapatan istri mereka dan tidak ada korelasi dengan jumlah jam kerja istri mereka. Penelitian ini juga menemukan bukti bahwa peningkatan jumlah perokok dalam komunitas istri secara signifikan berkorelasi negative dengan pendapatan mereka.

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This research tries to examine the effect of passive smoking behavior at the household level in Indonesia by focusing on the association of smoking behavior of husbands on productivities of their working and non-smoking wives measured by income and number of working hours. Statistically, smoking male prevalence in Indonesia is around 67% while female smoking prevalence is only 2.1%. To do so, this research uses the panel data sourced from Indonesia Family Life Survey (IFLS) 4 and IFLS 5, and compares the results of three statistical methods: OLS, Fixed Effect, and IV method. Overall, the results show that the smoking behavior of husbands is negatively associated with the income of their wives and that there is no correlation with the number of working hours of their wives. This research also finds evidence that the increase of smokers in wives’ community significantly and negatively correlates with their income pointing to community-wide spillover effects.

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"Penelitian ini memperluas literatur perilaku merokok anak di Indonesia dengan mengidentifikasi determinan perilaku merokok di lingkungan tempat tinggal. Perilaku merokok dibagi kedalam tiga kelompok umur yaitu 7-12, 13-15 dan 16-18. Penelitian berdasarkan data Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional 2015 dengan menggunakan pendekatan regresi probit menemukan bahwa peer dan price mempengaruhi perilakumerokok anak, kami menemukan bahwa (1) peningkatan 1 % individu yang mengkonsumsi rokok meningkatkan peluang anak untuk merokok sebesar 2%, (2) peer effect lebih kuat pada kelompok anak yang lebih muda, (3) Peer effect berpengaruh terhadap perilaku anak baik di daerah Jawa/ luar Jawa baik secara urban/rural, (4) Peningkatan harga rokok mengurangi peluang anak untuk mengkonsumsi rokok. Hasilestimasi kami dapat di jadikan dasar kebijakan pengendalian tembakau khususnya kebijakan kenaikan harga rokok.

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This study expands the literature on children's behavior in Indonesia by

identifying smoking behavior in the neighborhood. Smoking behavior is divided into three age groups 7-12, 13-15 and 16-18. Research based on 2015 National SocioEconomic Survey data (SUSENAS) using probit regression approach found that peer and price influence children's smoking behavior, we find that (1) an increase of 1% of individuals who consume cigarettes increases children's chances of smoking by 2%, (2)

the influence of Peer effect is stronger in the younger group of children, (3) Peer effect affects the behavior of children both in Java / outside Java both in urban / rural areas, (4) Increase in cigarette prices reduces children's opportunities to consume cigarettes. Our estimation results can be used as the basis for tobacco control policies, especially policies on increasing cigarette prices."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat gambaran mengenai smoking abstinence self-efficacy dan perilaku sehat pada mahasiswa perokok di Universitas Indonesia. Adapun perilaku sehat yang diukur dalam penelitian ini adalah aktivitas fisik, diet sehat, menjaga berat badan, dan tidak mengonsumsi alkohol. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif yang menggunakan alat ukur Smoking Abstinence Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SASEQ) untuk mengukur smoking abstinence self-efficacy dan alat ukur Perilaku Sehat untuk mengukur perilaku sehat. Partisipan penelitian ini adalah mahasiswa perokok di Universitas Indonesia (UI) dan terkumpul sebanyak 151 data dari partisipan yang diperoleh melalui teknik nonrandom sampling. Berdasarkan analisis deskriptif dan perbandingan terhadap rata-rata hipotetik, diketahui bahwa mahasiswa perokok di UI memiliki smoking abstinence self-efficacy yang rendah. Sedangkan, perilaku sehat pada mahasiswa perokok di UI secara umum cukup tinggi. Berdasarkan masing-masing jenis perilaku sehatnya, aktivitas fisik, menjaga berat badan, dan tidak mengonsumsi alkohol tergolong tinggi, sedangkan diet sehat merupakan satu-satunya jenis perilaku sehat yang tergolong rendah.

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This study aims to find the description of smoking abstinence self-efficacy and health behavior among smoker students of Universitas Indonesia. The type of health behavior that measured in this study is physical activity, healthy dietary, keep in healthy weight, and not drinking alcohol. This study is a quantitative research using Smoking Abstinence Self-Efficacy Questionnaire (SASEQ) for measuring smoking abstinence self-efficacy and Perilaku Sehat questionnaire for measuring health behavior. The participant of this study is smoker students in Universitas Indonesia (UI) and 151 data were collected from participants using nonrandom sampling technique.

Based on descriptive analysis and compared to hypothetical means, found that smoking abstinence self-efficay in smoker students in UI is low and the health behavior is high. Based on each type of the health behavior, smoker students in UI are high in physical activity, keep in healthy weight, and not drinking alcohol, whereas healthy dietary is low."

"Perilaku orangtua yang merokok dipengaruhi oleh persepsi orangtua mengenai dampak paparan asap rokok pada keluarga. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi gambaran persepsi orangtua yang merokok mengenai dampak perokok pasif. Desain penelitian menggunakan deskriptif cross sectional dengan sampel 77 orangtua di Kelurahan Makasar Jakarta Timur, yang diidentifikasi menggunakan teknik cluster sampling. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 53,2% responden memiliki persepsi negatif dan sebanyak 46,8% memiliki persepsi positif mengenai dampak asap rokok bagi perokok pasif. Meningkatkan kesadaran akan bahaya paparan asap rokok diharapkan dapat memperkuat sikap pencegahan orangtua merokok.

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Parental smoking behavior is influenced by parents’ perceptions about the effects of cigarette smoke exposure to family. This study aimed to identify the perceptions of parents about the effects of secondhand smoke. This study applied descriptive cross sectional design with 77 samples of parents at Makasar East Jakarta, that were identified by cluster sampling. Result showed that 53.2% of respondents had a negative perception, while 46.8% had a positive perception of the impact of cigarette smoke to passive smokers. Raising awareness to dangers of cigarette smoke exposure is expected may strengthen the prevention attitude of parental smoking."

"ABSTRAKStudi ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari pengaruh faktor kebersamaan orangtua danremaja serta perilaku merokok orangtua terhadap perilaku merokok remajamenggunakan data 39.227 remaja berusia 10-17 tahun dari Susenas 2012. Hasilregresi logistik biner menunjukkan bahwa kebersamaan orangtua dan remaja sertaperilaku merokok orangtua memiliki pengaruh signifikan terhadap perilakumerokok remaja. Ditemukan pula bahwa faktor terkuat yang mempengaruhiperilaku merokok remaja adalah partisipasi sekolah remaja dan bahwa kegiatankeagamaan ternyata tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap perilaku merokokremaja. Positifnya pengaruh pendapatan remaja terhadap kecenderungan merokokremaja mengindikasikan bahwa harga rokok dapat dijangkau sehingga perlukebijakan cukai yang dapat mengurangi kecenderungan merokok remaja

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ABSTRACTThis study aims to analyze the role of parents on adolescents? smoking behaviourusing 39.227 respondents aged 10-17 years from the 2012 Indonesia NationalSocio-Economic Survey. The results of binary logistic regression show thatparents-adolescents relationship and parents? smoking behavior significantlyaffect adolescents? smoking behaviour. School participation has the strongesteffect on adolescents? smoking behaviour, while unexpectedly religious activityhas no effect on adolescents? smoking behavior. There is a positive effect ofadolescents? income on their likelihood of smoking. It may indicate that the pricesof cigarettes may be inexpensive and that appropriace excise policy is needed toreduce the tendency of smoking"

"Latar Belakang: Banyaknya jemaah haji Indonesia dengan kebiasaan merokok yang bisa menyebabkan gangguan faal paru. Gangguan faal paru tersebut bisa berupa obstruktif, restriktif, dan campuran. Belum ada penelitian tentang gambaran faal paru pada jemaah haji perokok di Indonesia. Tujuan: Mendapatkan karakteristik dan gambaran faal paru serta hubungan antara perilaku merokok dengan gambaran faal paru jemaah haji perokok pada jemaah haji embarkasi Jakarta-Pondok Gede tahun 2012. Metode: Disain studi adalah potong lintang pada jemaah haji perokok pada saat menjalani pemeriksaan kesehatan haji di Puskesmas Kecamatan dan Embarkasi Jakarta-Pondok Gede. Penilaian perilaku merokok berdasarkan Indeks Brinkman dan penilaian gambaran faal paru berdasarkan pemeriksaan spirometri. Analisis bivariat menggunakan metode Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Hasil: Pada studi ini didapatkan 209 subjek jemaah haji perokok. Karakteristik jemaah haji perokok umumnya laki-laki (99,5%), usia < 60 tahun (78,0%), IMT kategori lebih (63,2%), tidak disertai komorbid (68,9%), pendidikan kategori tinggi (75,1%), Indeks Brinkman kategori sedang (53,1%). Gambaran faal paru masuk kategori restriktif 51,2%, obtruktif 8,6%, campuran 8,1%, dan normal 32,1%. Penelitian ini tidak menunjukan hubungan bermakna antara perilaku merokok dengan gambaran faal paru pada kelompok kategori Indeks Brinkman sedang-berat dibandingkan kelompok kategori Indeks Brinkman ringan (p=0,925). Simpulan: Karakteristik jemaah haji perokok umumnya laki-laki, usia < 60 tahun, IMT kategori lebih, tidak disertai komorbid, pendidikan kategori tinggi, Indeks Brinkman kategori sedang. Gambaran faal paru umumnya masuk kategori restriktif. Penelitian ini tidak menunjukan adanya hubungan yang bermakna antara perilaku merokok dengan gambaran faal paru pada kelompok kategori Indeks Brinkmansedang-berat dibandingkan kelompok Indeks Brinkman ringan.

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Background: There are many of Indonesian pilgrims who have smoking habits. Smoking can cause pulmonary function disorder. Pulmonary function could be normal, obstructive, restrictive, or mixed. Previous studies had showed a close association between smoking behavior and respiratory tract diseases. There is no research about pulmonary function on smoking Indonesian pilgrims.

Aims: To obtain characteristics of pulmonary function and the association between smoking behavior with pulmonary function on smoking Indonesian pilgrims at Jakarta-Pondok Gede embarkation in 2012.

Method: This was a cross-sectional study on smoking Indonesian pilgrims during Hajj health checkup at the health center and embarkation District of Jakarta-Pondok Gede. Assessment of smoking behavior based on Brinkman index and pulmonary function assessment based on spirometry screening using spirometry. Bivariate analysis using Kolmogorov-Smirnov.

Result: This study got 209 subjects of smoker pilgrims. Subjects are generally male (99.5%), < 60 years (78.0%), overweight (63.2%), no comorbidity (68.9%), high education level (75.1%), medium Brinkman index (53.1%). Pulmonary functions are categorized as restrictive 51.2%, obtructive 8,6%, mixed 8,1%, and normal 32,1%. This study showed no significant association between smoking behavior with pulmonary function in the medium-heavy Brinkman index group than the light Brinkman Index group (p = 0.925).

Conclusion: Subjects are generally male, < 60 years, overweight, no comorbidity, high education level, medium Brinkman index. Pulmonary functions are generally categorized as restrictive. This study showed no significant association between smoking behavior with pulmonary function in the medium-heavy Brinkman index group than the light Brinkman Index group."

"Berat badan lahir rendah (BBLR) BBLR merupakan hal yang sangat penting dalam bidang Kesehatan Masyarakat karena hubungannya yang sangat erat dengan kematian dan morbiditas neonatal dan penyakit tidak menular seperti hipertensi, penyakit jantung iskemik, diabetes, dan lain-lain. BBLR adalah bayi dengan berat lahir < 2500 gram. BBLR masih cukup serius di Indonesia dengan prevalensi 11,1% pada tahun 2010. Merokok pasif merupakan isu kesehatan yang cukup penting dan di beberapa penelitian dapat mengakibatkan luaran buruk seperti BBLR. Tujuan umum penelitian ini adalah mengetahui hubungan antara Merokok pasif pada ibu usia 15-54 tahun dengan kejadian BBLR di Indonesia setelah dikontrol dengan variabel potensial confounder lainnya. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian cross-sectional study dengan menggunakan data Riskesdas 2013. Variabel dependen dalam penelitian ini adalah BBLR, dan variabel independen utama adalah Merokok pasif, variabel potensial perancu yakni usia ibu saat melahirkan, status sosial ekonomi, pendidikan ibu, keinginan untuk hamil dan paritas. Hasil analisis menunjukan merokok pasif pada ibu usia 15-54 tahun berhubungan lemah dengan BBLR. Anak yang lahir dari ibu merokok pasif memiliki resiko 1,14 (95% CI: 0,94 - 1,38) kali untuk BBLR dibandingkan anak yang lahir dari ibu tidak merokok pasif.

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Low is birth weight (LBW) is an important issue in Public Health because of its relevance with neonatal mortality and morbidity and future health risk, such as Hypertension, Ischaemic Heart Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, etc. Low birth weight is baby born with birth weight less than 2500 grams. Low birth weight is still an important problem in Indonesia and its prevalence is 11,1 % in 2010. Passive smoking is also a threat and may cause detrimental outcome such as Low birth weight. The main purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between passive smoking in mothers aged 15-54 years and low birth weight in Indonesia after controlling of potential confounders. The design of this study was cross-sectional using data from National Basic Health Research 2013. The dependent variable was Low Birth Weight, and the main Independent Variable was mothers aged 15-54 years who passively smoke, potential confunders were maternal age, socioeconomic status, maternal education, pregnancy intention, and Parity. The result was passive smoking in mothers aged 15-54 years was weakly associated with low birth weight. Children born from mothers who passively smoke have 1,14 risk of being low birth weight baby (95% CI: 0,94 - 1,38) compared to their non passive smoker mothers counterpart."

"Aglomerasi, konsentrasi spasial industri di suatu lokasi, dipercaya dapat meningkatkan produktivitas karena eksternalitas positif yang timbul darinya seperti limpahan informasi dan pengetahuan (knowledge spillover), input sharing, dan labor pooling. Penelitian ini mengkaji pengaruh aglomerasi industri manufaktur besar dan sedang (IBS) terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja. Efek aglomerasi diukur menggunakan output dan kepadatan tenaga kerja. Dengan menggunakan data panel dari 44 kota dan kabupaten di seluruh wilayah metropolitan di Indonesia dari 2009-2004, penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa aglomerasi bersifat sebagai pedang bermata dua. Dalam hal share output, aglomerasi secara positif berkontribusi terhadap produktivitas tenaga kerja. Di sisi lain, dalam hal kepadatan tenaga kerja, aglomerasi menghasilkan dampak negatif pada produktivitas. Temuan-temuan ini mengindikasikan bahwa pemerintah harus memperluas klaster industri di daerah-daerah dengan tingkat populasi penduduk yang rendah, terutama di luar pulau Jawa, dengan menyediakan infrastruktur dasar seperti listrik, pelabuhan, dan jalan, sehingga pembangunan ini menciptakan kondisi ekonomi yang menguntungkan untuk investasi dan pengembangan industri daerah tersebut.

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Agglomeration, the spatial concentration of industries in certain location, has been argued to improve productivity since it could provide positive externalities such as knowledge spillover, input sharing, and labor pooling. This paper examines the effect of large and medium manufacturing industry (LMI) agglomeration on labor productivity. Measuring the output and labor density as agglomeration effect by using 2009-2014 municipal panel data from 44 cities and regions across the metropolitan areas of Indonesia, this study shows that agglomeration is a double-edged sword. In terms of output share, agglomeration positively contributes to labor productivity. On the other hand, in terms of labor density, agglomeration results in a negative impact on productivity. These findings suggest the government should expand industrial clusters in less densely populated areas, especially outside the island of Java, by providing basic infrastructures such as electricity, ports, and roads, so that this development creates favorable economic conditions for investment and industrial development in such areas."

"[Di Indonesia, sektor jasa berkembang relatif lebih cepat dibanding sektor lain sejak tahun 2000 hingga saat ini. Perubahan proporsi sektor jasa menurut hipotesis Baumol (1967, 1985, 1989) berpengaruh negatif terhadap laju pertumbuhan agregat. Penelitian ini bermaksud mengkaji pengaruh pertumbuhan sektor jasa terhadap laju pertumbuhan produktivitas agregat di Indonesia. Metode empiris yang digunakan adalah dekomposisi dan estimasi model pertumbuhan Solow extended. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan pertumbuhan sektor jasa berdampak positif terhadap laju pertumbuhan produktivitas. Sektor jasa modern (telekomunikasi dan keuangan) berpengaruh positif lebih besar dibanding sektor jasa lainnya.

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Services sector is growing relatively faster than other sectors in Indonesia. The growth of the service sector according to the hypothesis Baumol (1967, 1985, 1989) negatively affect aggregate growth rate. This study intends to assess the effect of the growth of the services sector to aggregate productivity growth rate in Indonesia. Empirical methods used are decomposition and estimation of the Solow growth model extended. The results showed that growth in the services sector had a positive impact on productivity growth rate. Modern service sector (telecommunication and finance) has a greater positive effect than other service sectors.;Services sector is growing relatively faster than other sectors in Indonesia. The

growth of the service sector according to the hypothesis Baumol (1967, 1985,

1989) negatively affect aggregate growth rate. This study intends to assess the

effect of the growth of the services sector to aggregate productivity growth rate in

Indonesia. Empirical methods used are decomposition and estimation of the

Solow growth model extended. The results showed that growth in the services

sector had a positive impact on productivity growth rate. Modern service sector

(telecomm;Services sector is growing relatively faster than other sectors in Indonesia. The

growth of the service sector according to the hypothesis Baumol (1967, 1985,

1989) negatively affect aggregate growth rate. This study intends to assess the

effect of the growth of the services sector to aggregate productivity growth rate in

Indonesia. Empirical methods used are decomposition and estimation of the

Solow growth model extended. The results showed that growth in the services

sector had a positive impact on productivity growth rate. Modern service sector

(telecomm;Services sector is growing relatively faster than other sectors in Indonesia. The

growth of the service sector according to the hypothesis Baumol (1967, 1985,

1989) negatively affect aggregate growth rate. This study intends to assess the

effect of the growth of the services sector to aggregate productivity growth rate in

Indonesia. Empirical methods used are decomposition and estimation of the

Solow growth model extended. The results showed that growth in the services

sector had a positive impact on productivity growth rate. Modern service sector

(telecomm, Services sector is growing relatively faster than other sectors in Indonesia. The

growth of the service sector according to the hypothesis Baumol (1967, 1985,

1989) negatively affect aggregate growth rate. This study intends to assess the

effect of the growth of the services sector to aggregate productivity growth rate in

Indonesia. Empirical methods used are decomposition and estimation of the

Solow growth model extended. The results showed that growth in the services

sector had a positive impact on productivity growth rate. Modern service sector

(telecomm]"

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini mengestimasi pengaruh perubahan tarif barang jadi dan tarif bahan baku yang diukur dengan menggunakan rata-rata tertimbang tarif Most Favored Nation MFN dan tarif preferensi terhadap produktivitas perusahaan manufaktur. Hasil estimasi dengan menggunakan unbalanced data panel perusahaan manufaktur di Indonesia periode 2007 hingga 2014 menunjukkan bahwa tarif barang jadi tidak berdampak signifikan terhadap produktivitas perusahaan sedangkan penurunan tarif bahan baku dapat meningkatkan produktivitas perusahaan. Hasil yang sama juga diperoleh jika pengukuran tarif barang jadi dan tarif bahan baku diukur dengan menggunakan tarif MFN sebagaimana penelitian pada umumnya.

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ABSTRACT This study estimates the effect of changes in the output tariffs and input tariffs as measured by the weighted average of Most Favored Nation MFN tariffs and preferential tariffs on firm productivity in manufacturing industry. Estimation result using unbalanced panel data manufacturing firms in Indonesia from 2007 to 2014 indicates that the output tariffs does not have a significant impact on firm productivity while decreasing input tariffs can increase the productivity of the firm. Similar result also obtained if the measurement of output tariffs and input tariffs is measured by MFN tariffs."