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"AbstrakIndonesian womens leadership in the public domain is not well promoted and sustained.This research examined womens perspectives on female leaderships in Indonesia, barriers towomens leadership and qualities of an ideal female leader. Qualitative interviews, focus groupdiscussions and informal dialogues were conducted with 30 female community members, university students, lecturers, professionals, and womens activists. Respondents were between19 and 60 years of age, literate, and were working or living in Jabodetabek Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang, Bekasi areas. Findings from this study suggest a narrow symbolic idealization of a heroic woman leader. Womens perspectives and inspiration were also explained by an embodiment of female gendered qualities of being patience, sincere, being approachable and having a strong interest women focused issues. In turn, this conceptualization may also poses barriers to a large scale of creative social change process in womens empowerment in public leadership. This research offers in depth understanding of the complexity of current barriers to and consistent stigmatization against womens leaders in Indonesia."

"AbstrakHuman rights as convened through international law and the United Nations should beuniversal. However, in implementation, in the interest of the state, state sovereignty, religionand culture, the universality of human rights has been restricted by the state or certain parties.Subsequently, the implementation of human rights has become relative in Indonesia. Lesbian,gay, bisexual, and transgender/transsexual (LGBT) issues have been protested at the local andnational levels. It remains that the state has the responsibility to recognise, protect and fulfilthe human rights of LGBT Indonesians. This paper will explore how LGBT human rights areimplemented in Indonesian policy"

"AbstrakThe haram (to forbid) fatwa issued by the MUI against LGBTs and the death penalty against sexual offenders deviant has shaken the people of Indonesia, especially those of diverse sexualities. Religion, suppose to provide ease and solace to the human condition, has effectively buried those of non-normative sexualities alive. This is despite the fact that the regional, national and international legal human rights instruments recognize their rights as human beings to express their sexual and gender identities and orientations. In essence, Shariah and Islamic law is being used as the theological foundation for the issuing of the MUI fatwa contrary to the concept of human rights. Here, the work of Khaled M. Abou El Fadl is important as he attempts to break thetension between religion (Islam) and human rights using the social approach of contemporaryhumanities."

"AbstrakThis article examines one hundred and fifty film flyers released between 1966 and 1998 andidentifies two overlapping trends in their depictions of women: the Sexual Woman and theSensual Woman. The former is marked by an emphasis on sexuality, which includes moreexposed skin, the use of phallic imagery, and the depictions of implied sexual relations, bothconsensual and non-consensual. The latter is marked by modest clothing, a demure demeanor,and an emphasis on the importance of romantic relationships between women and men. Thesetwo archetypes, we argue, were determined by the films target audiences: the Sexual Womanwas used to advertise films to men, whereas the Sensual Woman was used to advertise filmsto women. These flyers thus reproduced the state gender narratives and biases, but wereultimately unable to conceal the fluidity of women and their bodies."

"AbstrakThis paper aims to explain woman subjectivity reflected in Tempurung novel by Oka Rusmini by describing main character perception toward body and autonomy in the formation of womansubjectivity. In discussion I use feminist literary criticism approach. This study reveals thatwoman characters in Tempurung perceiving her body as a significant part of her subjectivity.Furthermore, woman subjectivity isnt her own project but a form of dialogue with otherelements including her relationship with husband, children, body and social culture constructionwhich surrounding her. The conclusion of this study is Oka Rusmini makes resistance to thenotion of subjectivity on conventional/traditional thought by representing narrative of womansubjectivity which doesnt neglect body, doesnt individual, doesnt always rational, doesntsubject to universal notion of subject and doesnt finish."

"AbstrakThis essay constitutes the first step in solving an enigma of Indonesian letters, one that islittle noticed but unfathomable: the absence of crime fiction from the canon of the nationalliterature. This is surprising for two reasons, the widespread popularity of crime in popularculture, both literature and film, and the g high esteem that the genre is held in other EastAsian national traditions (Japan; Thailand; South Korea). This paper argues that contemporaryIndonesian writers would be well advised to familiarize themselves with the various strandsof crime fiction, in particular the American variant known as Noir, and adopt these traditionsto local conditions. When Noir is examined closely, the attentive student will realize that the political and aesthetic concerns of American Noir writers are essentially those of Indonesianauthors the social depredations of neo-colonialism and the traumatic effects of international Cold War politics."

"AbstrakThis paper examines the relationship between women and nature in the village of Ratu JayaDepok along the Ciliwung river. Ecofeminism framework suggesting oppression of nature asconnected to the oppression of women is used. The Ciliwung river was a main water source forDutch Batavia during the colonial era. It can no longer be used in this capacity due to bamboofelling, illegal logging and illegal housing upstream. Yet, Ratu Jaya women are still dependenton the Ciliwung river. Domestic work is completed using water from the Ciliwung, and not onlythat, the Ciliwung is a place to educate their children regarding the stones and bamboo. The waterthere is relatively clean. The women care for the river and rely on it for their children to surviveclimate change."

"AbstrakThe paper examines the politics of motherhood through the family planning programs in twolocales in Bangladesh. It argues that the entire discourse centers round patriarchal ideas andvalues in which women have little voice. The paper looks into the ideas of nationhood, thedevelopment, security, environment, poverty discourses, which weave patriarchy into sinewsand fabric of the entire political and social milieu. Womens movements and organizationshowever are making interventions by reshaping discourses and challenging the biologicalmodel of motherhood through positing the social political model of motherhood. "

"This study provides an overview of the problems faced by LGBT people in Indonesia. There are four issues raised, namely, the meaning of gender and sexual orientation, violence and abuse, the role of the state, and the meaning of happiness for LGBT people. This study uses a sample of 60 respondents living in large cities, especially Jakarta. However, the strength of this study lies not in the survey results but in the results of the in-depth interviews. From this study it was found that respondents, in the context of a conservative state, are more open in interviews than surveys. This study unearths the meaning of life for LGBT people under a state which is repressive and absent for them."

"ABSTRAKDalam budaya patriarki, posisi wanita sering diremehkan. Bahkan, mereka sulit mengungkapkan apa yang mereka inginkan dan rasakan. Pernyataan bahwa kaum wanita adalah kaum kelas dua tersebut membuat mereka dapat dikategorikan sebagai kaum yang terbungkam. Mereka tak dapat mengutarakan apa yang diri (subjek) mereka inginkan. Sering kali, cara seorang wanita untuk keluar dari keterbungkamannya adalah dengan meranjak ke ranah publik. Para wanita berharap mereka dapat meraih eksistensialisme diri seperti diraih oleh para laki-laki di ranah publik. Berkecipung di ranah domestik membuat keberadaan mereka semakin termarjinalkan dan tak jarang hanya menjadi objek dari keluarga, seperti suami atau anak mereka. Hal-hal domestik tersebut telah menyita waktu dan perhatian mereka untuk mengembangkan diri. Oleh karena itu, melalui penelitian ini, peneliti menyelidiki apakah ranah publik memang ranah yang menjanjikan eksistensialisme diri seorang wanita. Nyatanya, tidak begitu. Dalam Film Sang Penari, karakter Srintil yang memilih untuk berkecimpung ranah publik, justru tidak mendapatkan eksistensialismenya sebagai subjek. Meski semua warga desa mengelu-elukan posisinya sebagai ronggeng, Srintil merasa tidak bahagia. Melalui metode analisis semiotika (dengan analisis leksia dan paradigmatik), peneliti mencoba mengkaji setiap leksia yang terdapat dalam film Sang Penari agar subjektivisme semu yang dialami Srintil terkuak.

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ABSTRACTWithin the patriarchal society, women's roles are often viewed condescendingly. Not only that, they even find it hard to express their desires or feelings. Statements that categorize women as minority and second class may very well categorize them as the repressed ones. They are unable to express their desires and wants. Often times, a woman's only means to express herself is by bringing her words to the public domain. Women are hopeful that they will be achieved existentialism just like their male counterparts in public domains. Being largely active only in domestic settings, women are thus even more marginalized and often become mere objects of their family, such as their husbands or children. Domestic matters take up much of their time and attention that they are left with almost no time for self developments. Therefore, through this research, the researchers investigated whether the public domain is truly a domain fit to develop women's existentialism. In reality, it is not so. In the movie "Sang Penari" (The Dancer), the character of Srintil who chose to participate in the public domains did not end up with existentialism as a subject. Even though Srintil attained adulation, she did not find happiness. Through semiotic analysis (with lexical and paradigmatic analysis), researchers attempted to analyzed every Lexica found in the movie "Sang Penari" so that the apparent existentialism experienced by Srintil would be revealed."