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Pendahuluan : Infeksi parasit usus disebabkan oleh STH dan protozoa. Faktor risiko infeksi parasit usus antara lain higienitas dan sanitasi yang buruk, kekurangan air bersih, kekurangan nutrisi, serta kontak dengan sumber infeksi. Di Indonesia salah satu kawasan rural adalah Kabupaten Bogor. Sementara itu Jakarta sebagai kawasan urban, penduduknya juga memiliki faktor risiko terhadap infeksi parasit usus terutama anak-anak. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kawasan tempat tinggal rural atau urban dengan prevalensi infeksi parasit usus.

Metode           : Penelitian ini merupakan studi potong lintang yang menggunakan data hasil survei Kementerian Kesehatan RI tahun 2017. Sampel diambil dengan teknik consecutive sampling pada populasi anak usia 4-9 tahun atau sedang dalam tingkat pendidikan PAUD hingga SD/MI/sederajat di Kabupaten Bogor (sebagai kawasan rural) dan Kota Administrasi Jakarta Barat (sebagai kawasan urban). Sampel berjumlah 620 dengan jumlah sampel dari masing-masing kawasan adalah 310. Data diolah dengan menggunakan uji chi square atau Fisher exact.

Hasil               : Prevalensi infeksi cacing di kawasan rural 3,2% sedangkan di kawasan urban 1,0% dengan nilai p = 0,09 (OR = 3,33; IK 95% = 0,93 – 11,99). Infeksi cacing didominasi STH spesies A. lumbricoides. Prevalensi infeksi protozoa di kawasan rural 31,3% sedangkan di kawasan urban 16,5% dan didapat nilai p = 0,00 (OR = 1,90; IK 95% = 1,41 – 2,57). Spesies yang paling banyak ditemukan adalah B. hominis. Terdapat infeksi tunggal dan infeksi campur, namun prevalensi infeksi parasit usus (kombinasi cacing dan protozoa) tidak dapat dihitung karena infeksi hanya ditemukan di kawasan rural (5 kasus).

Diskusi           : Infeksi cacing memiliki prevalensi relatif rendah. Hal ini dapat terjadi apabila kontak dengan tanah sebagai sumber utama infeksi berkurang atau pengobatan yang adekuat. Sementara itu tingginya prevalensi infeksi protozoa usus dapat disebabkan oleh konsumsi air dan makanan yang terkontaminasi kista protozoa. Kontaminasi dapat terjadi antara lain akibat higienitas dan sanitasi buruk, fasilitas MCK yang tidak memadai, dan kekurangan air bersih.

Kesimpulan    : Prevalensi infeksi parasit usus lebih tinggi di kawasan rural dibanding dengan kawasan urban. Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kawasan tempat tinggal rural atau urban dengan prevalensi protozoa usus, namun tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara kawasan tempat tinggal rural atau urban dengan prevalensi cacing usus.

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Introduction  : Intestinal parasitic infection is commonly caused by STHs and protozoa. The risk factors of the infection are poor sanitation and hygiene, lack of clean water, lack of nutrition, and having contact with sources of infection. In Indonesia, one of rural area is Bogor District. Meanwhile, Jakarta as an urban area was considered to have the risk factors of intestinal parasitic infection, particularly children. Therefore, this study aims to know the association between intestinal parasitic infection and rural or urban as living area.

Method           : This study used a cross-sectional design and the results of survey conducted by Indonesia’s Ministry of Health in 2017. Sample was collected by consecutive sampling method among children who were at age 4^th – 9^th years old or being a student in early childhood education program or kindergarten and elementary school in Bogor District (as rural area) and Jakarta Barat (as urban area). Total were 620 samples that was divided into 310 samples for each area. Data was analyzed using chi square test or Fisher exact test.

Result             : The prevalence of helminths infection in rural area was 3,2% whereas  in urban area was 1,0% with p = 0,09 (OR = 3,33; CI 95% = 0,93 – 11,99). Helminths infection was dominated by STH especially A. lumbricoides species. The prevalence of protozoa infection was 31,3% found in rural area and 16,5% found in urban area (p = 0,00; OR = 1,90; CI 95% = 1,41 – 2,57). The most prevalence species was B. hominis. There were single and mixed infections in each area, however the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection caused by both helminth and protozoa was unable to count because it is only found in rural area (5 cases).

Discussion      : The prevalence of helminths infection was relatively low. It was possibly because of diminishing contact with soil as the main transmission media or adequate treatment had been given. Meanwhile, the prevalence of protozoa infection remains high probably due to consumption of contaminated water and foods by the cysts. Contamination happens as consequences of poor sanitation and hygiene, insufficient latrines, and lack of clean water.

Conclusion     : The prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was higher in rural compared to urban area. There was statically significant difference between rural or urban as living area and the prevalence of protozoa infection, nevertheless there was not statically significant difference between living area and the prevalence of helminths infection.

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"[ABSTRAKInfeksi parasit usus merupakan infeksi yang banyak terjadi di daerah tropis dan subtropis terutama daerah dengan fasilitas sanitasi, air dan kebersihan yang tidak adekuat. Terbatasnya sumber air konsumsi diperkirakan menjadi penyebab tingginya infeksi. Anak-anak merupakan populasi yang rentan terhadap infeksi parasit usus. Penelitian bertujuan mengetahui prevalensi infeksi parasit usus pada anak-anak dan hubungannya dengan sumber air konsumsi. Penelitian dilakukan di TPA Bantar Gebang Bekasi, Jawa Barat tahun 2012. Metode penelitian yaitu Cross-Sectional. Pengambilan data melalui kuesioner dan pemeriksaan feses yang melibatkan 139 anak usia 0-15 tahun. Pemeriksaan feses menggunakan metode Kato Katz dan teknik identifikasi protozoa usus dengan larutan lugol atau eosin.Data yang diperoleh diproses dengan SPSS versi 16.0 dan dianalisis dengan uji Chi-square. Hasil penelitian menunjukan prevalensi infeksi parasit usus 72,7%. Infeksi disebabkan oleh Blastocystis hominis 53,5%, Giardia lamblia 30,9%, Trichuris trichura 20,9%, Ascaris lumbricoides 4,3% dan Entamoeba histolytica 2%. Uji Chi-square tidak menunjukan perbedaan bermakna antara prevalensi infeksi parasit usus yang dihubungkan dengan sumber air konsumsi (p>0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa prevalensi infeksi parasit usus pada anak-anak di TPA Bantar Gebang tinggi dengan Blastocystis hominis merupakan parasit yang paling banyak menginfeksi. Selain itu, sumber air konsumsi tidak berhubungan dengan infeksi parasit usus.

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ABSTRACTIntestinal parasitic infection is the most infection in tropic and subtropics regions where sanitation facilities, water and hygiene are inadequate. Limited of consumption water resource is estimated to be the cause of high infection. Children is a susceptible population of intestinal parasitic infection. The aim of this study was determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among children and its relationship with consumption water resource. This study was conducted in TPA Bantar Gebang Bekasi, West Java on 2012. The method of study was cross-sectional. Data was collected by questioner and stool examination on 139 children within 0-15 years old. Stool examination was determined using Kato Kats method and intestinal protozoa identification technique using lugol or eosin solution. Data was processed by SPSS version 16.0 and analyzed by Chi-square test. The result showed prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 72,7%. The infection caused by Blastocystis hominis (53,5%), Giardia lamblia (30,9%), Trichuris trichura (20,9%), Ascaris lumbricoides (4,3%) and Entamoeba histolytica (2%). Chi-square test did not showed significant difference of prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and its relationship with consumption water resource (p>0,05). In conclusion, prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among children in TPA Bantar Gebang was high that mostly caused by Blastocystis hominis. Moreover, consumption water resource had not relationship with prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection.;Intestinal parasitic infection is the most infection in tropic and subtropics regions where sanitation facilities, water and hygiene are inadequate. Limited of consumption water resource is estimated to be the cause of high infection.Children is a susceptible population of intestinal parasitic infection. The aim of this study was determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among children and its relationship with consumption water resource. This study was conducted in TPA Bantar Gebang Bekasi, West Java on 2012. The method of study was cross-sectional. Data was collected by questioner and stool examination on 139 children within 0-15 years old. Stool examination was determined using Kato Kats method and intestinal protozoa identification technique using lugol or eosin solution. Data was processed by SPSS version 16.0 and analyzed by Chi-square test. The result showed prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 72,7%. The infection caused by Blastocystis hominis(53,5%), Giardia lamblia (30,9%), Trichuris trichura (20,9%), Ascarislumbricoides (4,3%) and Entamoeba histolytica (2%). Chi-square test did not showed significant difference of prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and its relationship with consumption water resource (p>0,05). In conclusion, prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among children in TPA Bantar Gebang was high that mostly caused by Blastocystis hominis. Moreover, consumption water resource had not relationship with prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection.;Intestinal parasitic infection is the most infection in tropic and subtropics regions where sanitation facilities, water and hygiene are inadequate. Limited of consumption water resource is estimated to be the cause of high infection.Children is a susceptible population of intestinal parasitic infection. The aim of this study was determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among children and its relationship with consumption water resource. This study was conducted in TPA Bantar Gebang Bekasi, West Java on 2012. The method of study was cross-sectional. Data was collected by questioner and stool examination on 139 children within 0-15 years old. Stool examination was determined using Kato Kats method and intestinal protozoa identification technique using lugol or eosin solution. Data was processed by SPSS version 16.0 and analyzed by Chi-square test. The result showed prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 72,7%. The infection caused by Blastocystis hominis(53,5%), Giardia lamblia (30,9%), Trichuris trichura (20,9%), Ascarislumbricoides (4,3%) and Entamoeba histolytica (2%). Chi-square test did not showed significant difference of prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and its relationship with consumption water resource (p>0,05). In conclusion, prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among children in TPA Bantar Gebang was high that mostly caused by Blastocystis hominis. Moreover, consumption water resource had not relationship with prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection., Intestinal parasitic infection is the most infection in tropic and subtropics regions where sanitation facilities, water and hygiene are inadequate. Limited of consumption water resource is estimated to be the cause of high infection.Children is a susceptible population of intestinal parasitic infection. The aim of this study was determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among children and its relationship with consumption water resource. This study was conducted in TPA Bantar Gebang Bekasi, West Java on 2012. The method of study was cross-sectional. Data was collected by questioner and stool examination on 139 children within 0-15 years old. Stool examination was determined using Kato Kats method and intestinal protozoa identification technique using lugol or eosin solution. Data was processed by SPSS version 16.0 and analyzed by Chi-square test. The result showed prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection was 72,7%. The infection caused by Blastocystis hominis(53,5%), Giardia lamblia (30,9%), Trichuris trichura (20,9%), Ascarislumbricoides (4,3%) and Entamoeba histolytica (2%). Chi-square test did not showed significant difference of prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and its relationship with consumption water resource (p>0,05). In conclusion, prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection among children in TPA Bantar Gebang was high that mostly caused by Blastocystis hominis. Moreover, consumption water resource had not relationship with prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection.]"

"Infeksi parasit usus merupakan salah satu masalah kesehatan terbesar di dunia. Masalah infeksi cacing soil transmitted helminth dan protozoa paling banyak terjadi pada anak usia sekolah. Infeksi parasit usus ini erat kaitannya dengan kebiasaan penggunaan tempat buang air besar. Kebiasaan buang air besar yang tidak pada tempatnya dapat menyebabkan kontaminasi tanah maupun air disekitarnya, sehingga meningkatkan kejadian infeksi parasit usus. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengetahui prevalensi infeksi parasit usus pada anak-anak di TPA Bantargebang, Bekasi. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan metode cross-sectional pada 139 anak usia 0-13 tahun yang diambil secara consecutive sampling. Data yang diambil dari responden berupa data primer melalui pengisian kuisioner dan pemeriksaan feses.Kemudian data diolah menggunakan spss 11.5 for windows. Variabel pada penelitian ini adalah infeksi parasit usus dan kebiasaan tempat buang air besar yang dianalisis dengan uji chi square. Hasil penelitian didapat angka infeksi parasit usus pada anakanak di TPA Bantargebang sebesar 74,1%. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara penggunaan tempat buang air besar dengan infeksi parasit usus (P>0,05).

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Intestinal parasitic infection is one of the biggest health problem in the world. The soil transmitted helminth and intestinal protozoa infections most common in schoolage children. Intestinal parasitic infection is closely related with toilet usage behavior. Defecation at the wrong places can lead to contamination of the surrounding soil and water, thereby increasing the incidence of intestinal parasitic infection. The aim of this study to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in children at landfill Bantargebang. This study was conducted with a crosssectional method on 139 children aged 0-13 years were taken by consecutive sampling. Data taken from respondent was primary data through questionnaire and stool examination.

Then the data was processed using spss 11.5 for windows. Variable in this study are the intestinal parasitic infection and the toilet usage behavior. This data was analyzed by chi-square test. The result show the prevalence of intestinal parasites in children at landfill Bantargebang is 74,1%. The result also showed no significant association between toilet usage and intestinal parasitic infection (P>0,05)."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui tingkat infeksi parasit usus pada anak-anak di sebuah panti asuhan yang terletak di Jakarta Timur pada tahun 2012. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan desain cross-sectional. Sejumlah 155 anak dijadikan sampel penelitian melalui sampel feses yang telah dikumpulkan. Data dan sampel tersebut diambil pada tanggal 10 Mei 2012. Spesimen yang telah terkumpul sejumlah 50, diperiksa di laboratorium melalui mikroskop dengan pewarnaan lugol 1 %. Hasil dari pemeriksaan tersebut kemudian didata dengan komputer, lalu diolah menggunakan program SPSS versi 11.5. Data tersebut lalu dianalisis dengan uji Chi-square dan Fischer Exact.Hasil yang didapat menunjukkan bahwa prevalensi infeksi parasit usus pada 50 anak Panti Asuhan X yang telah mengumpulkan pot feses adalah 16 (32%). Jumlah tersebut terbagi menjadi 13 (26%) B.hominis, 4 (8%) G.lamblia, 1 (2%) B.hominis + G.lamblia. Dengan demikian didapatkan hubungan bermakna pada prevalensi infeksi parasit usus dengan usia dan tingkat pendidikan (Chi-square, p<0,05), sementara tidak didapatkan hubungan bermakna pada prevalensi infeksi parasit usus dengan kedua jenis kelamin (Fischer, p>0,05). Disimpulkan bahwa prevalensi infeksi parasit usus pada anak panti asuhan di Jakarta Timur tahun 2012 berhubungan dengan usia dan tingkat pendidikan, namun tidak berhubungan dengan jenis kelamin.

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This research was conducted to find the prevalance of intestinal parasitic infection on Children in an orphanage located in East Jakarta, in the year of 2012. The research design was done by using cross-sectional design. A number of 155 children was taken as a sample for the research by collecting their feces. The data and specimen were collected on 10th of May 2012. About 50 samples were examined in laboratory with microscope and lugol 1% staining. The results from the examination were processed with SPSS version 11.5. The result were then analyzed with Chi-square and Fischer Exact.The result shows prevalence of the intestinal parasitic infection from the 50 children in Orphanage X examined 16 (32%) children, with the details of 13 (26%) B.hominis, 4 (8%) G.lamblia, and 1 (2%) B.hominis + G.lamblia infection. From the results, we could see a significant relation between the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection with age and education level (Chi-square, p<0,05), while there were no significant relation between the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection and gender (Fischer, p>0,05). It is concluded that the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection related to age and education level, but not related with gender."

"Prevalensi parasit usus menjadi masalah di dunia khususnya di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia. Tingginya angka infeksi terutama terjadi pada anak-anak diakibatkan kurangnya pola hidup bersih dan sehat serta kurangnya pengetahuan akan infeksi parasit usus. Pemukiman kumuh, seperti pada Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) Bantar Gebang, dan kegiatan sehari-hari yang dilakukan juga menjadi faktor tingginya angka infeksi parasit usus. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui angka infeksi parasit usus dan hubungannya antara jenis kelamin dan kelompok umur pada anak-anak di TPA Bantar Gebang. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode potong lintang pada bulan Mei 2012 dengan menggunakan subjek penelitian sebanyak 139 anak. Pengolahan data penelitian menggunakan program SPSS 17.0 dengan uji chi-square, Fischer's exact, dan Kolmogorov-Smirnov. Hasil penelitian didapatkan sebanyak 72,7% anak mengalami infeksi parasit usus dengan infeksi tertinggi yaitu Blastoycstis hominis (52,5%). Infeksi lain berupa Giardia lamblia 30,9%, Trichuris trichiura 20,9%, Ascaris lumbricoides 4,3%, dan Entamoeba histolytica 1,4%. Hasil lain penelitian juga menunjukan hubungan yang tidak bermakna antar infeksi parasit usus dengan jenis kelamin (p>0,05) dan kelompok umur (p>0,05). Secara proporsi, didapatkan infeksi parasit usus lebih banyak terjadi pada jenis kelamin perempuan dan kelompok umur 6-9 tahun. Perlu adanya intervensi berupa pencegahan seperti penyuluhan pada keluarga dan pada anak di sekolah untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan mereka akan infeksi parasit usus dan pola hidup bersih sehat untuk mengurangi angka infeksi penyakit ini.

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The prevalence of intestinal parasites is one big problem in the world, especially in developing countries like Indonesia. The high numbers of infections mainly occur in children due to a lack of a clean and healthy lifestyle as well as a lack of knowledge of intestinal parasitic infections. Slums, such as the Garbage Final Disposal, Bantar Gebang, and daily activities are performed also be a factor in the high rate of intestinal parasitic infections. The purpose of this study was to determine the infection rate of intestinal parasites and the relationship between gender and age groups of children at Bantar Gebang. This study used a cross-sectional in May 2012 using 139 children as research subjects. Processing of research data using SPSS 17.0 program with chi-square test, Fischer's exact, and the Kolmogorov-Smirnov.

The result showed as much as 72.7% of children suffered intestinal parasitic infections with the highest infection Blastoycstis hominis (52.5%). Other infections such as Giardia lamblia 30.9%, Trichuris trichiura 20.9%, Ascaris lumbricoides 4,3%, and Entamoeba histolytica 1.4%. Other results of the study also show no significant relationship between intestinal parasitic infection by gender (p> 0.05) and age groups (p> 0.05). In proportion, obtained intestinal parasitic infections are more prevalent in the female gender and age group of 6-9 years. There needs to be prevention interventions such as counseling to families and children in schools to improve their knowledge of intestinal parasitic infections and a clean healthy lifestyle to reduce the infection rate of this disease."

"Prevalensi parasit usus tinggi di negara berkembang dan beriklim tropis, termasuk Indonesia terutama menyerang anak-anak. Hal ini mendorong peneliti mencari tahu faktor risiko yang berperan dalam infeksi parasit usus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi infeksi parasit usus pada anak-anak di TPA Bantar gebang, Bekasi tahun 2012 dan hubungannya dengan tingkat pendidikan mereka sebagai salah satu faktor risiko infeksi parasit usus. Desain penelitian adalah cross sectional dengan metode analitik. Pengambilan data dilakukan pada Maret 2012, terdiri dari kuesioner dan pemeriksaan mikroskopik feses. Data diproses menggunakan SPSS versi 16.0 kemudian dianalisis dengan uji chi-square. Subjek penelitian adalah anak-anak yang telah bersekolah minimal di tingkat PAUD dengan total subjek sebanyak 114 anak, diantaranya 53 siswa PAUD, 39 siswa SD kelas 1-3, dan 22 siswa SD kelas 4-6. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan sebanyak 91 anak (79,8%) terinfeksi parasit usus. Prevalensi infeksi parasit usus pada setiap tingkat pendidikan adalah PAUD 79,2%, SD kelas 1-3 79,5%, dan SD kelas 4-6 81,8%. Pada uji Chi-square menunjukkan tidak terdapat hubungan (p>0,05) antara prevalensi infeksi parasit usus dengan tingkat pendidikan. Dengan demikian terdapat faktor selain tingkat pendidikan yang berpengaruh terhadap infeksi parasit usus, seperti lingkungan tempat tinggal, tingkat pengawasan orang tua, kebiasaan sehari-hari, dan ketersediaan fasilitas kesehatan di sekolah.

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Prevalence of intestinal parasite infection is high in tropical developing country such as Indonesia, especially among school aged children. This situation makes the researcher has interest to find out which risk factors give influence in intestinal parasite infections among children. The aims of this research are to find out the prevalence of intestinal parasite infection among children in TPA Bantar Gebang, Bekasi in 2012 and its relation to their education level. This paper is an analytical research designed as a cross sectional study. The data have been taken on March, 2012 using questioner and microscopic examination of feces. Then, it has been processed using SPSS version 16.0 and has been analyzed using chi-square test. The subjects of this research are 114 children who have studied at least in playgroup, consist of 53 students of playgroup or kindergarten, 39 students of first until third year of elementary school, and 22 students of fourth until sixth year of elementary school.

The result of this study shows that 91 children infected intestinal parasites. The prevalence of intestinal parasite infection at each education levels are 79,2% in playgroup or kindergarten, 79,5% in students of first until third year of elementary school, and 81,8% in students of fourth until sixth year of elementary school. The result of the analysis using chi-square shows that there was no relation (p>0,05) between prevalence of intestinal parasite infection and education level. It can be conclude that there were another factors besides education level that contribute to intestinal parasite infections among children, such as the environment of their living, parents’ surveillance, daily activities, and health facilities in the schools."

"Latar Belakang: Prevalensi infeksi parasit usus masih tinggi di Indonesia, terutama pada anak-anak usia sekolah karena beberapa faktor termasuk kebersihan yang buruk, faktor sosial ekonomi, perilaku, dan penduduk yang padat. Saat ini faktor-faktor tersebut masih ditemukan di Indonesia, sehingga angka infeksi masih tinggi. Nutrisi dan infeksi parasit memiliki hubungan erat. Infeksi parasite usus dapat menyebabkan gangguan penyerapan makanan dan status gizi pada anak usia sekolah yang membutuhkan nutrisi yang cukup untuk tumbuh. Infeksi parasit usus sebagai penyebab kekurangan gizi masih menjadi masalah utama kesehatan masyarakat dan dapat menunda pertumbuhan anak.Metode: Sampel diperoleh dari SDN Kalibata 04, Jakarta Selatan dengan cara mengumpulkan tinja dari murid kelas 1-5. Secara total ada 157 anak mengumpulkan sampel mereka. Pemeriksaan langsung dari tinja dilakukan di Departemen Parasitologi, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Indonesia menggunakan lugol dan eosin. Data status gizi didapatkan dengan pemeriksaan fisik langsung berat dan tinggi badan yang digunakan untuk menghitung persentil indeks massa tubuh IMT. Setelah itu, data dianalisis menggunakan uji Chi-square; SPSS versi 20 untuk mengetahui apakah ada hubungan antara infeksi parasit usus dan status gizi.Hasil: Sampel diperiksa sebanyak 157 tinja dan ditemukan adanya 60 anak 38.2 positif terinfeksi dengan berbagai macam parasit. Sebagian besar infeksi disebabkan oleh B. hominis, yang menginfeksi 44 anak 69,4. Infeksi lain disebabkan oleh G. intestinalis 15,3, T. trichiura 1,4, cacing tambang 1,4, dan infeksi campuran B. hominis dan E. coli 4,2 , dan B.hominis dengan G. intestinalis 4,2. Dari total anak yang terinfeksi, 17 anak 28,3 memiliki IMT di bawah 5 persentil, dianggap sebagai kekurangan gizi. Secara statistik, terdapat hubungan antara infeksi parasit usus dan status gizi di SDN Kalibata 04, Jakarta Selatan. Kesimpulan: Kejadian infeksi parasit usus di SDN Kalibata 04 adalah 38,2 dengan 28,3 dari anak-anak yang terinfeksi memiliki gizi kurang. Pada penelitian ini bisa disimpulkan ada hubungan antara infeksi parasit usus dan status gizi di SDN Kalibata 04, Jakarta Selatan.

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Background Prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection still high in Indonesia, especially in the school aged children. Several factors including poor hygiene, socioeconomic factors, behavior, and crowded population have a contribution in this high prevalence. Nutrition and parasitic infection are closely linked. Intestinal parasitic infection can cause malabsorption and malnutrition especially in school aged children while they need adequate nutrition intake to grow. Therefore, intestinal parasite infection in school aged children is become a major public health problem since it will delay their growth.Methods Sample is obtained from SDN Kalibata 04, South Jakarta by collecting the children's stool from 1st 5th grade. Direct examination of the stool is conducted in the Parasitology Department, Fakultas Kedokteran, Universitas Indonesia by Lugol and eosin staining. Additionally, data of nutritional status was obtained by direct physical examination of the weight and height of the children and then they were used to calculate the BMI percentile. Thereafter, data was analyzed using Chi square test, SPSS version 20 to know is there any association between intestinal parasitic infection and nutritional status.Results From the total 157 stool examined in the laboratory, there were 60 38.2 children positively infected with various kinds of intestinal parasites. Mostly the infection is caused by B. hominis, which infect 44 children 69.4 . Other infection is caused by G. intestinalis 15.3, T. trichiura 1.4, hookworm 1.4, and mixed infection of B. hominis and E. coli 4.2, and B.hominis with G. intestinalis 4.2 . From the total of infected children, 17 children 28.3 have BMI below 5th percentile, and it was considered as malnourished. Moreover, 67 uninfected children have healthy weight. Statistically, there is association between intestinal parasitic infection and nutritional status in SDN Kalibata 04, South Jakarta. Conclusion The incidence of intestinal parasitic infection in SDN Kalibata 04 is 38.2. Moreover, 28.3 of the infected children were malnourished and it is suggested that children with intestinal parasite infection has low nutritional status in SDN Kalibata 04, South Jakarta. "

"Infeksi parasit usus yang terjadi pada anak anak dapat berakibat terhambatnya pertumbuhan serta perkembangan kognitif Pengetahuan dan informasi mengenai parasit usus berperan penting dalam menanggulangi infeksi parasit tersebut Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui prevalensi infeksi parasit usus murid SD di Bantargebang pada tahun 2012 Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross sectional Data diambil pada tanggal 19 Januari 2012 sampai 22 Januari 2012 Total subjek penelitian sebanyak 246 murid dengan diminta untuk membawa feses Feses akan diperiksa secara mikroskopis dengan teknik pewarnaan lugol 1Hasil penelitian dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji chi square Murid yang positif terinfeksi akan ditatalaksana dengan antiparasit yang sesuai Hasil penelitian menunjukkan dari 121 murid yang mengumpulkan feses terdapat 75 murid 62 yang terinfeksi dengan rincian B hominis 42 78 G lamblia 8 14 T trichiura 3 6 B hominis G lamblia 11 73 B hominis T trichiura 3 20 G lamblia T trichiura 1 7 Tidak terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara prevalensi infeksi parasit usus dengan jenis kelamin p 0 05 dan tingkat pendidikan p 0 05 Disimpulkan prevalensi infeksi parasit usus pada murid SD di Bantargebang 2012 adalah 62 dan tidak berhubungan dengan jenis kelamin dan tingkat pendidikan Kata kunci parasit usus soil transmitted helminth protozoa Bantargebang.

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Intestinal parasitic infection that occurs in children may result in growth retardation and impaired cognitive development Knowledge and information on intestinal parasites play an important role in fighting parasitic infections This study aims to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among students in primary school in Bantargebang 2012 The study design is a cross sectional view Data taken on 19th January 2012 to 22nd January 2012 Common research subject with the most 246 students were asked to collect stool Stool will be examined under microscope with 1 Lugol 39 s staining technique Results were analyzed using the chi square test Students who are infected are given appropriate antiparasiticResults showed that of the 121 students collect faeces contains 75 students 62 were infected with details B Hominis 42 78 G lamblia 8 14 T trichiura 3 6 B Hominis G lamblia 11 73 B Hominis T trichiura 3 20 G lamblia T trichiura 1 7 There was no significant difference between the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections with gender p 0 05 and education level p 0 05 It is concluded that the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections among students in primary school in Bantargebang 2012 is 62 and does not refer to gender and level of education Keywords intestinal parasite soil transmitted helminths protozoa Bantargebang"

"Infeksi parasit usus di negara berkembang dan tropis masih menjadi masalah kesehatan di komunitas. Di negara berkembang seperti Indonesia, banyak dijumpai kelompok masyarakat dengan ekonomi lemah termasuk mereka yang ada di sekitar Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) sampah. Karena faktor kemiskinan, anak-anak di sekitar Tempat Pembuangan Akhir (TPA) sampahpun terpaksa bekerja untuk membantu orang tuanya. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengetahui prevalensi parasit usus pada anak-anak di TPA Bantar Gebang, Bekasi dan hubungannya dengan jenis pekerjaan. Desain yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah cross-sectional. Pada bulan Mei 2012, dilakukan pengambilan data dengan subjek penelitian berjumlah 74 anak. Data diolah dengan program SPSS 17.0 dengan uji chi square dan Fischer’s exact. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan angka infeksi parasit usus pada anak-anak di TPA Bantar Gebang, Bekasi adalah 83,7% dengan rincian Blastocystis hominis 60,8%, Giardia lamblia 33,8%, Trichuris trichiura 29,7%, Ascaris lumbricoides 5,4%, Entamoeba histolytica 1,4% dan Ancylostoma duodenale 0%. Selain itu, hasil menunjukaan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara jenis pekerjaan dan infeksi parasit usus (p>0,05). Namun, secara proporsi anak yang bekerja sebagai pemulung lebih banyak terinfeksi parasit usus daripada yang tidak terinfeksi walaupun tidak siginifikan. Perlu upaya untuk mencegah penyakit akibat kerja yaitu dengan memberikan penyuluhan, melaksanakan pemeriksaan rutin, menggunakan alat pelindung diri dan tindakan pelarangan bagi anak-anak di bawah 14 tahun untuk bekerja.

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Intestinal parasitic infections in tropical and developing countries still become a health problem in the community. In developing country, like Indonesia, it is found low-income societies including those who live around the Garbage Final Disposal. Because of poverty, children around the Garbage Final Disposal forced to work to help their parents. This study aims to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites among children in TPA Bantar Gebang, Bekasi and their relationship with the type of job. The design used in this study was crosssectional. In May 2012, data collection was carried out with research subjects totaling 74 children. The data were processed using SPSS 17.0 with chi square and Fischer’s exact test.

The result showed that the prevalence of intestinal parasites among children in TPA Bantar Gebang, Bekasi was 83,7% consisted of 60,8% Blastocystis hominis, 33,8% Giardia lamblia, 29,7% Trichuris trichiura, 5,4% Ascaris lumbricoides, 1,4% Entamoeba histolytica, and 0% Ancylostoma duodenale. Besides, result showed that there was no relationship between the type of job and intestinal parasitic infection (p>0.05). But in proportion, children who work as scavengers are more infected with intestinal parasites than those who are not infected although it is not significant. It needs some efforts to prevent occupational disease such as giving counseling, carrying out routine examination, using personal protective equipment and doing prohibition to children under 14 years to become workers."

"Indonesia masih memiliki prevalensi kasus infeksi parasit usus pada anak yang tinggi karena berbagai faktor seperti iklim dan suhu yang mendukung perkembangan parasit hingga sosioekonomi yang rendah. Anak-anak di TPA Bantar Gebang memiliki risiko lebih besar untuk terinfeksi oleh karena sanitasi lingkungan yang buruk sehingga menjaga kebersihan diri menjadi hal yang penting. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat hubungan antara angka infeksi parasit usus pada anak-anak di Bantar Gebang dan kebiasaan mencuci tangan yang termasuk pola hidup yang sehat. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional. Pengambilan data dari 100 subjek penelitian dilakukan pada Mei 2012. Data diolah dengan program SPSS 21.0 dengan uji Fisher. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan angka infeksi parasit usus pada anak-anak di TPA Bantar Gebang adalah 80% dengan parasit penyebab infeksi terbanyak adalah Blastocystis hominis (59%). Berdasarkan hasil perhitungan data, tidak ditemukan hubungan yang bermakna antara angka infeksi parasit usus dengan kebiasaan mencuci tangan sebelum makan dan sesudah buang air besar. Perlu dilakukan upaya untuk mengurangi angka infeksi melalui penyuluhan pola hidup bersih dan sehat oleh petugas kesehatan dan perbaikan sistem pengolahan sampah oleh pemerintah setempat.

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Indonesia still has high prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in children due to various factors such as climate and temperature which supports the development of parasites, to low socioeconomic class. Children in TPA Bantar Gebang have a greater risk for infection because of poor environmental sanitation, so that maintaining personal hygiene is important. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections in children in Bantar Gebang and the habit of washing hands as one of hygiene practices. The study design was cross sectional. The data was collected from 100 subjects in May 2012. The data was then processed with SPSS 21.0 program with Fisher test.

The results showed that intestinal parasite infection rates in children in TPA Bantar Gebang was 80% with the highest rate of infection caused by Blastocystis hominis (59%). Based on calculations, we found no significant association between the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infections and washing hands before eating and after defecation. Efforts should be made to reduce the number of infections through counseling about clean and healthy lifestyle by health workers and improvement of waste management system by the local government."