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"ABSTRAKInterviews with 22 marriage-migrant women from China, Vietnam, Cambodia, and the Philippines revealed that power distance in conjunction with individualis/collectivism influence their conflict styles. Moreover, women were more likely to engage in compromising style with their spouses, obliging with their in-laws, and avoiding with their spouse and in-laws when they had emotionally given up on resolving the conflict outside the home with strangers and acquaintances. Though inconclusive, the findings suggest that women's educational level, work experiences and financial status influence their conflict style. While these were cultural and social factors that influence the participants conflict style, their goal, namely, providing a better life for their children, was also found to be a major drive in resolving conflicts and in the process they empowered themselves to out win (surmount) the conflicting situations rather than being compliant. Suggestions for future studies as well as a scale for Cambodia's power distance and individualism/collectivism are suggested."

"Sejarah pertukaran perdagangan dan budaya sudah sejak lama terjadi antara China dan Indonesia, sejak zaman Jalur Sutra pada abad-13 SM. Kedua bangsa ini sudah mulai berkomunikasi melalui perdagangan. Salah satu peristiwa yang terkenalterkait kontak dagang ini adalah kisah pelayaran Zhenghe (郑和atau lebih dikenal dengan sebutan Chengho, seorang navigator dan Laksamana armada laut pada Dinasti Ming/1368-1644 M ) ke Indonesia. Kontak dagang China-Indonesia melalui Jalur Sutra di masa lalu bangkit kembali di masa sekarang dalam bentuk kerja sama bisnis, seiring dengan program One Belt One Road yang digagas oleh pemerintah China. Penelitian ini bermaksud untuk mengetahui sejauh mana interaksi budaya Indonesia-China di dalam dunia bisnis, konflik budaya yang terjadi, serta cara mengatasinya. Selain itu, penelitian ini bermaksud mengetahui seberapa jauh para pekerja di perusahaan multinasional China di Indonesia mengenal program One Belt One Road, khususnya dalam hubungan China dan Indonesia sebagai dasar pemahaman mereka atas kerja sama bisnis keduapihak tersebut. Melalui metode deskriptif-kualitatif, penulis melakukan penelitianlapangan dan mewawancarai langsung para pelaku bisnis etnis Tionghoa di Indonesia dan beberapa pelaku bisnis China yang bekerja di Indonesia untuk menemukan jawabannya. Konsep yang digunakan untuk menganalisis adalah konsep konflik budaya. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa pemahaman tentang OBOR tidak mempengaruhi interaksi bisnis antara etnis Tionghoa dengan China, serta menemukan bahwa perbedaan budaya kerja di Indonesia dan di China memungkinkan terjadinya konflik budaya.

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The history of trade and cultural exchanges has been going on for a long time

between China and Indonesia, since the time of the Silk Road in the 13th century BC. The two nations have begun to communicate through trade. One of the well-known events related to this trade contact is the story of the voyage of Zheng He, or better known as Chengho, a navigator and Admiral of the naval fleet in the Ming Dynasty/1368-1644 AD) to Indonesia.

Chinese-Indonesian trade contacts through the Silk Road in the past have revived in the present in the form of business cooperation, following with the One Belt One Road program initiated by the Chinese government. This study intends to find out theextent of Indonesian-Chinese cultural interaction in the business world, cultural conflicts that occur, and how to overcome them. In addition, this study aims to figure out how far the workers in Chinese multinational companies in Indonesia are familiar with the One Belt One Road program, especially in China and Indonesia relations as

the basis for their understanding of the business cooperation of the two parties.

Through descriptive-qualitative methods, the author conducted field research and interviewed Chinese ethnic business people in Indonesia and several Chinese business people working in Indonesia to find answers. The concept used to analyze is the concept of cultural conflict. This study found that understanding of OBOR did not affect business interaction between ethnic Chinese and Chinese, also, the differences

in work culture between Indonesia and China made cultural conflicts possible."

"Klithih merujuk pada aksi kekerasan di jalanan Yogyakarta pada malam hari. Fenomena ini tidak terbatas pada perilaku iseng remaja, namun telah berubah menjadi subkultur yang kompleks di Yogyakarta. Tugas karya akhir ini membahas bagaimana klithih dilihat masyarakat sebagai perilaku yang bersifat kriminogenik sedangkan klithih dikontestasikan sebagai kegiatan kultural oleh pelaku klithih itu sendiri. Adanya perbedaan pandangan tersebut tidak lepas dari eksistensi konflik budaya. Pengumpulan data diperoleh melalui studi literatur. Pembahasan tulisan ini dibantu dengan perspektif kriminologi budaya dan teori subkultur delinkuen milik Albert Cohen, serta konsep kebudayaan, konfllik budaya dan subkultur. Hasilnya, konflik budaya antara pelaku klithih dengan masyarakat Yogyakarta terjadi karena adanya perbedaan interpretasi terhadap nilai dan norma yang ada. Konflik budaya menjadi akar dari pembentukan wacana yang cenderung negatif terhadap klithih sebagai reactive subculture di masyarakat.

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Klithih refers to violent acts on the streets of Yogyakarta at night. This phenomenon is not limited to juvenile fad behavior, but has turned into a complex subculture in Yogyakarta. This final project discusses how klithih is seen by the community as criminogenic behavior while klithih is contested as a cultural activity by the klithih actors themselves. The existence of these different views cannot be separated from the existence of cultural conflicts. Data collection was obtained through literature study. The discussion of this paper is assisted by the perspective of cultural criminology and delinquent subculture theory by Albert Cohen, also the concept of culture, cultural conflict and subculture. As a result, cultural conflicts between klithih actors and the people of Yogyakarta occur because of different interpretations of existing values and norms. Cultural conflict is the root of the formation of discourse that tends to be negative towards klithih as a reactive subculture in society."

"Dua studi kuantitatif dilakukan dalam konteks konflik yang terjadi selama proses Pemilihan Gubernur 2017 di Jakarta. Data studi 1 dikumpulkan dari 442 sampel dan data studi 2 dikumpulkan dari 421 sampel, yang dipilih dengan menggunakan teknik accidental sampling. Sampel dipilih dari warga Jakarta yang menggunakan hak pilih mereka dan mengidentifikasi bahwa mereka sebagai anggota kelompok yang terlibat dalam konflik yang terjadi selama pemilihan Gubernur Jakarta 2017. Studi 1 dilakukan untuk menjelaskan bagaimana emosi berbasis kelompok seperti harapan, rasa benci, rasa bersalah, rasa malu, dan rasa marah dapat memprediksi kesiapsediaan untuk berekonsiliasi dalam konflik antarkelompok. Studi 2 dilakukan untuk membuktikan bahwa emosi berbasis kelompok seperti harapan, rasa benci, rasa bersalah, rasa malu, dan rasa marah dapat memprediksi kesiapsediaan untuk berekonsiliasi lebih baik daripada variabel bukan emosi seperti trust, identifikasi kelompok, dan out-group blame. Data dianalisis dengan menggunakan teknik Structural Equation Modeling untuk membangun teori model terintegrasi dan menguji hipotesis penelitian. Hasil studi 1 menunjukkan bahwa harapan, rasa benci, rasa marah, dan rasa bersalah dapat memprediksi kesiapsediaan untuk berekonsiliasi, sementara hasil studi 2 menunjukkan adanya pengaruh yang signifikan antara harapan, rasa benci, rasa bersalah terhadap kesiapsediaan untuk berekonsiliasi Temuan dalam penelitian ini mendukung asumsi bahwa harapan, rasa bersalah dan trust memiliki pengaruh poositif terhadap kesiapsediaan untuk berekonsiliasi, sementara rasa benci dan out-group blame mengakibatkan berkurangnya tingkat kesiapsediaan untuk berekonsiliasi dengan kelompok lawan. Di antara semua variabel yang diuji, studi-studi ini memberikan bukti rasa bersalah terhadap out-group merupakan prediktor terkuat pada kesiapsediaan untuk berekonsiliasi antar-kelompok yang terlibat konflik PILKADA Jakarta 2017. Hasil penelitian ini juga memberikan bukti bahwa emosi berbasis kelompok dapat memprediksi kesiapsediaan untuk berekonsiliasi lebih baik dibandingkan variabel bukan emosi seperti out-group blame dan group identification.

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Two quantitative studies were conducted within the context of conflict which occurred during Jakarta's 2017 Governor Election process. The first study aimed to gain explanation whether group-based emotion including hope, anger, hatred, shame and guilt could predicts willingness to reconcile. The second study was conducted to answer wheter group-based emotions could predicts more significantly than non-emotional variables such as trust, group identification, and out-group blame. In the first study, the data were collected using accidental sampling from 442 Jakarta residents, who use their voting rights and identified that they were part of the groups that involved in conflicts that occurred during Jakarta's 2017 Governor elections. The data for second study were collected from 421 sample within the same manner  The data were analyzed using Structural Equation Modeling techniques to build the integrated model theory and test the research hypothesis.

The result from first study revealed that hope, hatred, anger and guilt could predicts willingness to reconcile, while in the second study shows hope, hatred, guilt, trust and out-group blame could predicts willingness to reconcile. The findings support the notion that hope, trust, and guilt have a positive impact to the willingness to reconcile, while hatred, anger and out-group blame resulting in participants reducing the willingness to reconcile with opposing candidate's supporting group. These studies also gave evidence that guilt was the strongest predictor of willingness to reconcile in the inter-group conflict in the Jakarta 2017 regional elections. The results of the latest study provide evidence that group-based emotions could predict participant's willingness to engage in post-conflict reconciliation better than non-emotional variables such as trust and out-group blame."

"On the past new era, we always see the action of, expansion the violence for take over the human right of the society ( local community) to ward the plantation or horticultural and the natural resources which done by the Government or private company. Even for the low level society, the action of losing, expansion and violence are things which threaten their life. Even most of us call it as the era of Reformation, but the society's fate has become a sacrifice of the action and it hasn't changed. All of these happened because the society lived in a country with unjustice.

Based on the thought above, the researcher tried to learn the conflict about expansion and the violence for take over the plantation which done by the company of oil palm, which titled : The Effort of Reconciliation of Conflict Between Society of Mahato And PT. Torganda in North Tambusai Regent of Rokan Hulu Riau Province.

The research found, the efforts which are taken to reconciliate the conflict was only the effort to make it peace and compensation. It's often interpreted as the causes of conflict's appearing while the substance of the conflict has been never touched.

Many cases and efforts of reconciliation which done need to learn more deeply. How ever the research tried to open our mind to know a lot the cases deeply which caused why the conflict happened, so the effort of the reconciliation which has been doing will effectively be applied."