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"ABSTRAKLatar belakang dan tujuan:Data mengenai pasien PPOK pada ras melanesia belum ada.Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Mengetahui faktor risiko dan nilai uji jalan 6 menit pada pasien PPOK ras Melanesia di Kota Jayapura, Papua.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian potong lintang yang dilakukan di RSUD Dok II Jayapura.Pengambilan sampel dilakukan pada bulan September 2017.Hasil: Pada penelitian ini yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi sebesar 40 pasien PPOK.Faktor risiko pasien PPOK ras Melanesia yang merokok adalah 27 subjek 67,5 , pajanan biomass 18 subjek 45 , ISPA berulang 12 subjek 30 dan IMT kurang 6 subjek 15 , normal 33 subjek 82,5 , lebih 1 subjek 2,5 .Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kelompok PPOK dengan ISPA berulang p=0,003 , OR 11,67 dengan IK 95 2,2-61,2 .Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kriteria spirometri berdasarkan GOLD dengan rokok p=0,016 , pajanan biomass p=0,013 , OR 11,76 dengan IK 95 1,31-105,50 , ISPA berulang p=0,041, OR 0,16 dengan IK 95 0,03-0,785 dan IMT p=0,002 .Jarak tempuh uji jalan 6 menit terbanyak pada kelompok 200-300 m dengan 36 subjek 90 .VEP 1prediksi terbanyak adalah 50-80 dengan 30 subjek 75 dengan rerata 58,33 10,083 dan rerata VEP 1 ml adalah 1375 445,88.Pemeriksaan foto toraks pasien PPOK ras melanesia adalah normal sebanyak 38 subjek 95 dan emfisematous 2 subjek 5 .Skor CAT pasien PPOK ras melanesia di RSUD Dok II Jayapura < 10 sebanyak 36 subjek 90 dan > 10 sebanyak 4 subjek 10 dengan hubungan bermakna antara skor CAT dengan kelompok PPOK p=0,042 .Indeks brinkman IB pasien PPOK ras melanesia di RSUD Dok II Jayapura adalah ringan sebanyak 7 subjek 7 , sedang 12 subjek 44 dan berat 8 subjek 30 serta hubungan bermakna antara IB dengan hasil spirometri berdasarkan GOLD p= 0,005 .Faktor komorbid yang didapatkan pada pasien PPOK ras melanesia di RSUD Dok II Jayapura adalah gagal jantung sebanyak 2 subjek 5 . Nilai rerata uji jalan 6 menit m adalah 277,88 32,83 dan VO2 maks ml/Kg/mnt adalah 22,08 1,047 serta tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara kelompok PPOK ras melanesia di RSUD Dok II Jayapura dengan uji jalan 6 menit dan prediksi VO2 maks.Kesimpulan: ISPA berulang, pajanan biomass,rokok, IMT merupakan faktor yang berpengaruh pada PPOK ras melanesia. Uji jalan 6 menit pasien PPOK ras melanesia lebih rendah dibandingkan non melanesia.Kata kunci :Faktor risiko, PPOK, ras melanesia, uji jalan 6 menit.

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ABSTRACTBackground and purpose:Data on patients with COPD on melanesian races is not present. The aim of this study was to determine the risk factors and 6-minute road test scores in patients with COPD Melanesia in Jayapura City, Papua.Method:This research is cross sectional study conducted in RSUD Dok II Jayapura. Sampling was conducted in September 2017.Result:In this study the inclusion criteria were 40 patients with COPD. Risk factors for COPD patients smoking Melanesia were 27 subjects 67.5 , biomass exposure 18 subjects 45 , recurrent lower inspiratory infection of 12 subjects 30 and BMI less 6 subjects 15 , normal 33 subjects 82.5 , more 1 subject 2.5 . There was a significant relationship between group of COPD with recurrent lower inspiratory infection p = 0,003, OR 11,67 with CI 95 2,2-61,2 . There was significant relation between spirometry criteria based on GOLD with cigarette p = 0,016 , biomass exposure p = 0.013, OR 11.76 with 95 IK 1.31-105.50 , recurrent lower inspiratory infection p = 0.041, OR 0.16 with CI 0.03-0.785 and IMT p = 0.002 . The distance of the 6-minute walking test was highest in the 200-300 m group with 36 subjects 90 .The FEV 1 predicted was 50-80 with 30 subjects 75 with mean of 58.33 10,083 and FEV 1 ml is 1375 445.88. The examination of chest X-rays of patients with COC melanesia is normal for as many as 38 subjects 95 and emfisematous 2 subjects 5 .The CAT scores of melanesian COPD patients in RSUD Dok II Jayapura 10 for 4 subjects 10 with significant association between CAT score and group COPD p = 0,042 . Brinkman index IB of COPD patient melanesia in RSUD Dok II Jayapura was mild s 7 subjects 7 , 12 subjects 44 and weight 8 subjects 30 and significant relationship between IB and spirometry based on GOLD p = 0,005 . The comorbid factor obtained in patients with COPD melanesia in RSUD Dok II Jayapura is a heart failure of 2 subjects 5 . The mean value of the 6-minute walking test m was 277.88 32.83 and the max VO2 ml / Kg / mnt was 22.08 1.047 and there was no significant association between the melanesian rape COPD group in RSUD Dok II Jayapura by testing 6 min walking test and prediction VO2 max.Conclusions: Recurrent acute lower respiratory infection, biomass exposure, cigarette, BMI is a contributing factor in COPD melanesia. The 6-minute road test of COPD patients of melanesia is lower than non melanesia. "

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Prevalens PPOK memiliki kecenderungan meningkat, penyebab utama morbiditas dan mortalitas di seluruh dunia. Eksaserbasi dan beberapa penyakit komorbid menyebakan disabilitas yang berdampak pada kualitas hidup pasien PPOK. Kualitas hidup yang baik adalah tujuan utama dalam penatalaksanaan pasien PPOK. Tujuan penelitian ini mengetahui hubungan CAT dan SGRQ dalam menilai kualitas hidup pasien PPOK yang dikontrol dengan indeks BODE melalui pengukuran selama 6 bulan.Metode: Penelitian ini merupakan studi prospektif terhadap 49 pasien PPOK stabil yang memenuhi kriteria inklusi melalui pengukuran pada 0, 3 dan 6 bulan di poliklinik Asma dan PPOK RS Persahabatan. Pasien PPOK stabil dilakukan pemeriksaan spirometri, pengukuran IMT, pengisian kuesioner CAT dan SGRQ, skala sesak mMRC dan uji jalan 6 menit.Hasil: 49 pasien PPOK stabil pada awal evaluasi terdiri dari 5 orang pasien PPOK derajat I, 16 orang pasien PPOK derajat II, 21 pasien PPOK derajat III dan 7 pasien derajat. Kelompok usia 48-81 tahun dengan median 69 tahun dan rerata 67,04 ± 8,86. Riwayat merokok dari 49 pasien laki-laki terdiri dari 30 pasien memiliki indeks Brinkman (IB) berat, 12 pasien dengan IB sedang dan 7 pasien IB ringan. Komorbid terbanyak adalah penyakit kardiovaskuler (40%). CAT memiliki korelasi yang sangat kuat dengan SGRQ (r=0,89, p<0,0001) dan korelasi yang kuat dengan indeks BODE (r=0,65, p<0,0001). SGRQ memiliki korelasi yang kuat dengan indeks BODE (r=0,69, p<0,0001).Kesimpulan: CAT dapat digunakan dengan baik untuk menilai kualitas hidup pasien PPOK seperti SGRQ. Korelasi CAT dengan SGRQ sangat kuat dan kuat dengan indek BODE tetapi SGRQ masih sedikit lebih baik dibandingkan CAT dalam memprediksi tingkat angka tahan hidup atau prognostik pasien PPOK.

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ABSTRACTBackground: COPD has been increase in prevalence, a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Exacerbation of COPD and some comorbid disease cause disability with impact on related quality of life (HRQoL). A good quality of life is major goal in management of COPD patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the correlation of any CAT, SGRQ and BODE index to estimate the quality of life in COPD patients.Methods: The study was conducted with prospective study in 49 stable mild to very severe degree of COPD patients with repeated measurements in 0, 3 and 6 months at Asthma and COPD clinic Persahabatan Hospital. Stable COPD patients performed spirometry, measured BMI, fill out CAT and SGRQ questionnaire, MMRC dyspnea score and 6 minute walking testResults: Forty nine COPD patients consist of 5 COPD patients of stage I, 16 patients of stage II, 21 patients of stage III and 7 patients of stage IV had been evaluated for 6 months. The median is 69 years (48;81) and mean 67,04 ± 8,86. Smoking history of patient consist of severe degree in 30 patients, 12 patients of moderate, and 7 patients of mild Brinkman index The most comorbid is cardiovascular disease (40%). A patient was die at the end evaluation. The CAT correlates very well with SGRQ (r=0.89, p<0.0001) and well with BODE index (r=0.65, p<0.0001). The SGRQ correlates well with BODE index (r=0.69, p<0.0001).Conclusion: The CAT could be as reliable tools in predicting HRQoL as SGRQ. The CAT correlates very well with SGRQ and well with BODE index, but SGRQ is a bit better to predict survival COPD patient or prognostic patient than CAT."

"ABSTRAKLatar belakang penelitian : Polisi Lalu Lintas yang bekerja di daerah lalu lintas yang padat terpajan emisi kendaraan selama bertahun-tahun. Banyak penelitian melaporkan pajanan asap, bahan kimia dan partikel dalam emisi akan merusak faal paru. Belum ada data mengenai faal paru polisi lalu lintas di Wilayah Jakarta SelatanMetode penelitian :Penelitian ini merupakan bagian dari penelitian besar di Wilayah Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang dan Bekasi (JABODTABEK) dengan desain cross-sectional untuk menentukan faal paru polisi lalu lintas dan faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada polisi lalu lintas di Wilayah Jakarta Selatan pada bulan Oktober-November 2012 dengan teknik pengambilan total sampling. Wawancara menggunakan Kuesioner Pneumobile Project Indonesia, dilakukan pemeriksaan uji faal paru, foto toraks dan pengukuran CO ekshalasi. Data dianalisis secara deskriptif dan multivariat dengan menggunakan SPSS versi 17.Hasil penelitian : Pada penelitian ini kami menemukan sebanyak 181 subjek penelitian sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi, kelompok umur terbanyak 41-50 tahun (35,4%), status gizi kelebihan berat badan (54,1%) dan perokok ringan (33,1). Sebanyak 9 subjek ditemukan kelainan faal paru dengan rincian 5 obstruksi ringan dan 4 restriksi ringan. Gambaran kelainan foto toraks ditemukan sebanyak 5 subjek. Nilai kadar CO ekshalasi didapatkan dengan rerata 14,0 ± 8,5. Analisis yang dilakukan pada penelitian ini tidak didapatkan hubungan bermakna secara statisitik antara faktor usia, status gizi, merokok, masa kerja, pemakaian APD dan kualitas udara dengan faal paru.Kesimpulan: Terdapat kelainan faal paru pada 9 (5%) polisi lalu lintas di Wilayah Jakarta Selatan. Tidak terdapat hubungan yang bermakna secara statistik antara gambaran faal paru dengan semua faktor-faktor yang diteliti.

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ABSTRACTBackground: Traffic policemen working in the busy traffic signal areas get exposed to the vehicular missions for years together. Many studies have reported exposure to smoke, chemicals and particles in emissions will damage lung function. Since there were no data available on the parameters of traffic police personnel of South Jakarta.Methods: This study is part of a major research area Jakarta, Bogor, Depok, Tangerang and Bekasi (JABODETABEK) with cross-sectional study to determine the pulmonary function of traffic police and the factors that influenc. The study was conducted traffic policemen in South Jakarta Regional in Oktober-November 2012. Interview using Kuesioner Pneumobile Project Indonesia, Pulmonary function test, Chest X-ray and CO exhaled. The data were analyze using descriptive and multivariate processed to look at the relationship between variables with SPSS version 17.Results: In this study we found as many as 181 subjects the inclusion criteria with predominant age group between 41-50 years old (35,4%), over weight (54,1%) and mild smoker (33,1%). A total of nine subjects with pulmonary function abnormalities details mild obstruction 5 and 4 mild restriction.Chest X-ray abnormality was found by 5 subjects. Levels of CO exhalation values ​​obtained with a mean 14.0 ± 8.5. The analysis conducted in this study found no significant relationship between the statistics of age, nutritional status, smoking, length of service, use of mask and air quality index with lung function.Conclusion: There pulmonary function abnormalities in 9 (5%) of traffic police in the area of South Jakarta. There was no statistically significant association between lung function overview with all the factors studied."

"Saliva sebagai material deteksi dini penyakit paru obstruktif kronis (PPOK) pada pasien dengan periodontitis. Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis (PPOK) merupakan salah satu penyakit pernafasan yang berbahaya dan dapat menyebabkan kematian. Perkiraan World Health Organization (WHO) pada tahun 2020, PPOK akan menjadi penyebabkematian keempat di seluruh dunia. Deteksi dini PPOK sangat dipentingkan karena penyakit ini cepat berkembang dan sulit diobati. Diagnosis kerja PPOK didasarkan pada pemeriksaan positif dari sputum, namun kontaminasi sputum dengan bakteri orofaring dapat menyebabkan hasil negatif palsu. Diperlukan alternatif material biologis yang dapat memecahkan masalah tersebut. Periodontitis telah diketahui sebagai salah satu faktor resikot terjadinya PPOK. Beberapa penanda biologis terjadinya periodontitis seperti Porphorymonas gingivalis, enzim sialidase dan interleukin (IL-8) terdapat dalam saliva. Penanda tersebut juga telah dihubungkan dengan PPOK, oleh karena itu saliva mempunyai potensi sebagai material biologis yang memiliki banyak penanda adanya PPOK pada pasien dengan periodontitis. Studi pustaka ini memaparkan analisis penggunaan saliva sebagai material biologis alternatif untuk deteksi dini PPOK pada pasien dengan periodontitis. Berbagai informasi dari jurnal, buku teks dan artikel dari internet digunakan sebagai bahan acuan tulisan ini. Saliva mempunyai potensi sebagai material biologis untuk deteksi dini PPOK pada pasien dengan periodontitis.

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a serious respiratory disease that causes death. World Health Organization (WHO) estimates that in 2020, COPD is responsible the fourth cause of death worldwide. Early detection of COPD is important because of its progressive characteristic and difficulty in treatment. Diagnosis of COPD is based on positive results from expectorated sputum, but contamination by oropharyngeal bacteria would cause false negative results. Overcomingthis possible disadvantage of procedure would need alternative biological material for diagnosis. Periodontitis has been known to be one of the risk factors of COPD. Periodontitis has been linked to the presence of Porphorymonas gingivalis, sialidase enzyme, and interleukin (IL) 8 in the saliva. These markers have also been correlated COPD, therefore saliva has potential use as biological material harboring the markers of COPD in patients with periodontitis. This review focused on analysis of the potential use of saliva as an alternative biological material for early detection of COPD in patientswith periodontitis. Full range of information obtained from journals, textbooks and online scientific articles was obtained. Saliva is suggested as promising biological material for early detection of COPD in patients with periodontitis."

"ABSTRAKPenyakit paru obstruktif kronik PPOK menurut The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease GOLD adalah salah satu penyakit saluran pernapasan yang tidak dapat menular. Klasifikasi pengelompokan ABCD terbaru didasarkan pada gejala dan penilaian risiko eksaserbasi. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menilai klasifikasi Pengelompokan ABCD pada kualitas hidup yang terkait dengan kesehatan pada pasien dengan PPOK. Metode: Desain penelitian ini menggunakan cross sectional dengan metode convenience sampling pada 200 pasien dengan PPOK stabil yang mengalami PPOK selama lebih dari 3 bulan dan tanpa gagal jantung kronis grade 3 dan 4 di Rumah Sakit Persahabatan, Rumah Sakit Budhi Asih dan Pasar Minggu RSUD. Gejala menggunakan COPD Assessment Test CAT dan kuesioner kualitas hidup menggunakan St George 39s Respiratory Questionnaire SGRQ. Hasil: Analisis Chi Square menunjukkan bahwa p = 0,000.

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ABSTRACTChronic obstructive pulmonary disease COPD according to The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease GOLD is one of the non communicable diseases of the respiratory tract. The latest ABCD Groupings classification is based on symptoms and risk assessment of exacerbations. The aim of this study was to assess the classification of ABCD Groupings on the quality of life associated with health in patients with COPD. Methods The design of this study used cross sectional with convenience sampling method in 200 patients with stable COPD who had COPD for more than 3 months and without chronic heart failure grade 3 and 4 at Persahabatan Hospital, Budhi Asih Hospital and Pasar Minggu Hospital. Symptoms use COPD Assessment Test CAT and quality of life questionnaires using St George 39s Respiratory Questionnaire SGRQ. Result Chi Square analysis shows that p 0,000."

"Penyakit paru obstruktif kronis (PPOK) adalah penyakit yang ditandai dengan hambatan aliran udara akibat dari kombinasi dua penyakit pernapasan, yaitu bronkitis kronis dan emfisema. Pada penelitian sebelumnya ditemukan bahwa piroksikam mengikat reseptor formil peptida-1 (FPR-1) untuk menghambat aktivasi neutrofil dan mengurangi pelepasan anion superoksida dari neutrofil yang diinduksi N-Formil-L-metionin-L-leusil-L-fenilalanin (fMLF) secara in vitro. Pada penelitian ini, dilakukan eksperimen secara in vivo pada antagonis FPR-1 yaitu piroksikam terhadap histologi paru. Penelitian ini menggunakan mencit betina DDY yang dibagi menjadi 6 kelompok: kontrol dan kontrol negatif yang diberikan CMC Na 0,5% secara oral, kontrol positif diberikan inhalasi budesonid 1mg/kg BB/hari, serta 3 kelompok variasi dosis piroksikam 0,026mg/20gBB mencit/hari; 0,052mg/20gBB mencit/hari; 0,104mg/20gBB mencit/hari secara oral. Mencit dipaparkan asap rokok (6 batang rokok/hari selama 8 minggu), kemudian diobati baik dengan piroksikam atau budesonid selama 3 minggu. Dalam studi histologi, dilakukan pewarnaan Periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) dan masson’s trichrome. Berdasarkan penelitian, Dosis 0,026mg/20gBB piroksikam memberikan perbedaan bermakna pada penebalan dinding bronkus (p<0,05). Dosis 0,026mg/20gBB piroksikam memberikan perbedaan bermakna pada jumlah sel goblet (p<0,05). Dosis 0,104mg/20gBB piroksikam memberikan perbedaan bermakna pada proporsi fibrosis (p<0,05). Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, aktivitas anti-inflamasi piroksikam dapat dikaitkan dengan penurunan penebalan dinding bronkus, jumlah sel goblet, dan proporsi fibrosis.

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is given by the symptoms of airway limitation of two respiratory disease, chronic bronchitis and emphysema. On the previous experiment found that piroxicam binds to formyl peptide receptor-1 (FPR-1) to inhibit neutrophil activation and reduce superoxide anion that released from neutrophil induced by N-Formyl-L-methionyl-L-leucyl-L-phenylalanine (fMLF) with in vitro method. In this study, in vivo experiments were conducted on the FPR-1 antagonist piroxicam on lung histology. This experiment is done by using female DDY mice, divided into 6 different groups: control and negative control were given CMC Na 0,5% orally, positive control was given 1mg/kg BW/day of budesonide inhalation, and three variation dose groups of piroxicam 0,026mg/20gBW mice/day; 0,052mg/20gBW mice/day; 0,104mg/20gBW mice/day orally. Mouse were exposed to CS (6 cigarettes/day for 8 weeks), then treated with piroxicam either budesonide for 3 weeks. In lung histological studies, Masson’s trichrome and Periodic acid–Schiff (PAS) staining were performed. Doses 0,026mg/20gBW piroxicam significantly reduced bronchial wall thickening (p<0,05). Doses 0,026mg/20gBW piroxicam significantly reduced number of goblet cells (p<0,05). Doses 0,104mg/20gBW piroxicam significantly reduced fibrosis proportion (p<0,05). Based on this result, the anti-inflammation activity of piroxicam may be attributed to the reduction of bronchial wall thickening, number of goblet cells, and fibrosis proportion."

"ABSTRAK Latar belakang : Penelitian ini merupakan studi awal untuk mengukur kapasitasdifusi paru DLCO-SB ipada pasien PPOK di RSUP Persahabatan Jakarta untukmengetahui prevalens penurunan nilai DLCO pada pasien PPOK.Metode : Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi potong lintang (cross sectional study) pada pasien PPOK yang berkunjung di Poliklinik Asma-PPOK RSUPPersahabatan Jakarta. Dilakukan uji spirometri dan DLCO pada pasien PPOKyang diambil secara konsekutif antara bulan Mei-Juli 2015. Komorbiditas jugadicatat.Hasil : Uji Spirometri and DLCO dilakukan pada 65 subjek didapatkan 7 subjek (10,8%) termasuk kedalam PPOK Grup A, 19 subjek (29,2%) PPOK Grup B, 21subjek (32,3%) PPOK grup C dan 18 subjek (27,7%) PPOK grup D. rerata usia64,15 (45-89) tahun;rerata VEP1% 46,05%, rerata nilai DLCO 19,42ml/menit/mmHg dan rerata DLCO % adalah 72.00%. prevalens penurunanDLCO pasien PPOK adalah 56,92% (37/65 subjek) sedangkan 28 subjek dengannilai DLCO normal. Ditemukan 15 subjek (23,07%) dengan penurunan ringan, 18subjek (27.69%) penurunan sedang dan 4 subjek (6,15%) dengan penurunan berat.Ditemukan 47 subjek (72,3%) memiliki komorbid. Terdapat hubungan bermaknaantara grup PPOK, derajat spirometri, VEP1, IMT dan komorbiditas dengan nilaihasil uji DLCO. Tidak terdapat hubungan bermakna antara nilai DLCO denganjenis kelamin, umur, riwayat merokok, Indeks Brinkmann, obstruksi-restriksi danlama terdiagnosis PPOK.Kesimpulan : Proporsi penurunan nilai DLCO pada pasien PPOK adalah 56,92%. Terdapat hubungan bermakna antara grup PPOK, derajat spirometri,VEP1, IMT dan riwayat TB dengan nilai hasil uji DLCO. Tidak terdapathubungan bermakna antara nilai DLCO dengan jenis kelamin, umur, riwayatmerokok, Indeks Brinkmann, obstruksi-restriksi, komorbid dan lama terdiagnosisPPOK.ABSTRACT Background and the aim of study : This is a preliminary study to measureDLCO-SB in COPD patients in Persahabatan Hospital. The aim of the study is toknow the magnitude of disturbance in diffusing capacity of the lung in COPDpatients.Methods : This was a cross sectional study in which COPD patients attending COPD-Asthma clinic in Persahabatan Hospital Jakarta were performed spirometryand DLCO-SB consecutively between May 2015?July 2015. Comorbiditiesconditions were also recorded.Results : Spirometry and DLCO-SB measurement were conducted on 65 COPDsubjects of which 7 subjects (10.8%) were COPD Group A, 19 subjects (29.2%)were Group B, 21 subjects (32.3%) were COPD group C and 18 subjects (27.7%)were COPD group D. The mean age was 64.15 (45-89); mean FEV1% was46.05%, mean DLCO measured was 19.42 ml/min/mmHg and the mean DLCO%was 72.00%. The prevalence of decreasing in diffusing capacity of the lung inCOPD patients was 56.92% (37 subjects) While 28 subjects were normal. Therewere 15 subjects (23.07%) with mild decrease in DLCO, 18 subjects (27.69%)were moderate decrease and 4 subjects (6.15%) with severe decrease. 47 subjects(72.3%) had comorbid conditions. There was significant correlation between grupCOPD, GOLD COPD grade, VEP1, BMI and comorbidities with magnitude ofdecreasing DLCO value. There was no correlation between DLCO value with sex,smoking history, Brinkmann index, age, obstruction-mix criteria, length of COPDperiod. Conclusion : The proportion of decreasing in DLCO in COPD patients are56.92%. There is significant correlation among the group of COPD, GOLDCOPD grade, VEP1, BMI and previous TB history with magnitude of decreasingDLCO value. There is no correlation between DLCO value with sex, smokinghistory, brinkmann index, age, obstruction-mix criteria, comorbidities and lengthof COPD period. ;Background and the aim of study : This is a preliminary study to measureDLCO-SB in COPD patients in Persahabatan Hospital. The aim of the study is toknow the magnitude of disturbance in diffusing capacity of the lung in COPDpatients.Methods : This was a cross sectional study in which COPD patients attending COPD-Asthma clinic in Persahabatan Hospital Jakarta were performed spirometryand DLCO-SB consecutively between May 2015?July 2015. Comorbiditiesconditions were also recorded.Results : Spirometry and DLCO-SB measurement were conducted on 65 COPDsubjects of which 7 subjects (10.8%) were COPD Group A, 19 subjects (29.2%)were Group B, 21 subjects (32.3%) were COPD group C and 18 subjects (27.7%)were COPD group D. The mean age was 64.15 (45-89); mean FEV1% was46.05%, mean DLCO measured was 19.42 ml/min/mmHg and the mean DLCO%was 72.00%. The prevalence of decreasing in diffusing capacity of the lung inCOPD patients was 56.92% (37 subjects) While 28 subjects were normal. Therewere 15 subjects (23.07%) with mild decrease in DLCO, 18 subjects (27.69%)were moderate decrease and 4 subjects (6.15%) with severe decrease. 47 subjects(72.3%) had comorbid conditions. There was significant correlation between grupCOPD, GOLD COPD grade, VEP1, BMI and comorbidities with magnitude ofdecreasing DLCO value. There was no correlation between DLCO value with sex,smoking history, Brinkmann index, age, obstruction-mix criteria, length of COPDperiod. Conclusion : The proportion of decreasing in DLCO in COPD patients are56.92%. There is significant correlation among the group of COPD, GOLDCOPD grade, VEP1, BMI and previous TB history with magnitude of decreasingDLCO value. There is no correlation between DLCO value with sex, smokinghistory, brinkmann index, age, obstruction-mix criteria, comorbidities and lengthof COPD period. ;Background and the aim of study : This is a preliminary study to measureDLCO-SB in COPD patients in Persahabatan Hospital. The aim of the study is toknow the magnitude of disturbance in diffusing capacity of the lung in COPDpatients.Methods : This was a cross sectional study in which COPD patients attending COPD-Asthma clinic in Persahabatan Hospital Jakarta were performed spirometryand DLCO-SB consecutively between May 2015?July 2015. Comorbiditiesconditions were also recorded.Results : Spirometry and DLCO-SB measurement were conducted on 65 COPDsubjects of which 7 subjects (10.8%) were COPD Group A, 19 subjects (29.2%)were Group B, 21 subjects (32.3%) were COPD group C and 18 subjects (27.7%)were COPD group D. The mean age was 64.15 (45-89); mean FEV1% was46.05%, mean DLCO measured was 19.42 ml/min/mmHg and the mean DLCO%was 72.00%. The prevalence of decreasing in diffusing capacity of the lung inCOPD patients was 56.92% (37 subjects) While 28 subjects were normal. Therewere 15 subjects (23.07%) with mild decrease in DLCO, 18 subjects (27.69%)were moderate decrease and 4 subjects (6.15%) with severe decrease. 47 subjects(72.3%) had comorbid conditions. There was significant correlation between grupCOPD, GOLD COPD grade, VEP1, BMI and comorbidities with magnitude ofdecreasing DLCO value. There was no correlation between DLCO value with sex,smoking history, Brinkmann index, age, obstruction-mix criteria, length of COPDperiod. Conclusion : The proportion of decreasing in DLCO in COPD patients are56.92%. There is significant correlation among the group of COPD, GOLDCOPD grade, VEP1, BMI and previous TB history with magnitude of decreasingDLCO value. There is no correlation between DLCO value with sex, smokinghistory, brinkmann index, age, obstruction-mix criteria, comorbidities and lengthof COPD period. "

"PPOK merupakan penyakit yang bersifat kronis, irreversible, dan progresif lambat semakin lama semakin memburuk. Hal tersebut membuat pasien PPOK mengalami ketergantungan terhadap obat dan orang lain, sehingga rentan mengalami gangguan status emosional. Maka, peneliti tertarik untuk mengetahui hubungan antara dukungan sosial dengan status emosional pada pasien PPOK. Teknik pengambilan sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah teknik consecutive sampling. Data diolah menggunakan perangkat lunak dengan menggunakan uji statistik Chi Square. Hasil analisis hubungan antara dukungan sosial dengan status emosional pada pasien PPOK menunjukkan bahwa tidak terdapat hubungan antara dukungan sosial dengan status emosional depresi p=0.921, status emosional kecemasan p=0.184, dan status emosional stress p=0.795. Namun, peneliti menyarankan pada rumah sakit agar melakukan skrinning status emosional pada setiap pasien, khususnya pasien PPOK agar dapat mencegah terjadinya perburukan.

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COPD is a chronic disease, irreversible, slow progressive disease progressively worsens. This makes the COPD patient dependent on drugs and others, so vulnerable to emotional status disorders. So, researchers interested to know the relationship between social support with emotional status in patients with COPD. The sampling technique used in this research is consecutive sampling technique. Data is processed using software using Chi Square statistical test.

The analysis of the relationship between social support and emotional status in COPD patients showed no association between social support with emotional status depression p 0.921, emotional status anxiety p 0.184, and emotional status stress p 0.795 . Horever, investigators suggest that the hospital should screen for the emotional status of each patient, especially in the case of COPD to prevent worsening."

"ABSTRAKLatar Belakang: Penurunan tekanan pada kabin pesawat dapat mencetuskan gejala hipoksia pada penderita Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronik (PPOK). Saat ini belum ada laporan mengenai profil gejala hipoksia saat penerbangan dan gambaran penilaian kelaikan terbang berdasarkan kemungkinan kejadian hipoksia saat penerbangan pada jemaah haji dengan PPOK. Tujuan: Mengetahui profil pasien PPOK yang mengalami gejala hipoksia saat penerbangan dan penilaian kelaikan terbang tanpa menggunakan oksigen berdasarkan fungsi faal paru, saturasi oksigen dan aktifitas berjalan lebih dari 50 meter pada jemaah haji dengan PPOK. Metode: Studi kohort prospektif yang dilakukan pada jemaah haji Embarkasi Jakarta dengan PPOK saat pelaksanaan ibadah haji tahun 2011. Hasil: Pada studi ini didapatkan 36 subyek jemaah haji dengan PPOK. Pada penilaian pra-keberangkatan didapatkan 33 subyek yang dinilai laik terbang tanpa menggunakan oksigen. Saat penerbangan didapatkan tiga subyek mengalami gejala hipoksia. Dua orang berasal dari kelompok yang dinilai laik terbang tanpa menggunakan oksigen dan satu orang dari kelompok yang dinilai laik terbang dengan menggunakan oksigen. Karakterisitik subyek yang mengalami gejala hipoksia didapatkan pada perokok aktif (10,5%), tidak terdiagnosis PPOK sebelumnya (8,8%), PPOK derajat sedang (9,5%), usia lebih dari 60 tahun (5,3%) dan adanya komorbiditas (4,2%). Kesimpulan: Sebagian besar penderita PPOK dapat melakukan penerbangan tanpa menggunakan oksigen.

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ABSTRACTBackground: The decreased pressure in aircraft cabins may cause hypoxia symptoms in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Currently, there is no publication known to have reported the profile in-flight hypoxia symptoms and pre-flight medical screening to predict the need for oxygen supplementation in COPD pilgrims. Objective: To obtain profile of in-flight hypoxia and pre-flight assessment for fitness to fly without oxygen supplementation based on pulmonary function test, oxygen saturation, and the ability to walk more than 50 meters among pilgrims with COPD. Methods: This is a cohort-prospective study which was conducted during pilgrimage season during hajj year of 2011. Results: Thirty three COPD patients were identified and subsequently recruited to this study. Pre-flight medical assesment concluded that 33 subject were fit to fly without supplemental oxygen. Nevertheless, three subject developed in-flight hypoxia symptoms i.e. two of them were fit to fly without supplemental oxygen, while another subject was recommended to have supplemental oxygen. Characteristics of subjects with in-flight hypoxia were as follows: (10.5%) current smokers, (8.8%) not known to have COPD prior to health examination, (9.5%) moderate COPD category, (5,3%) above 60 years of age, and (4,2%) with comorbidity. Conclusion: Most pilgrims with COPD were fit to fly without oxygen supplementation."

"Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis (PPOK) merupakan penyakit paru-paru kronis progresif yang menyebabkan sesak napas dan mengancam nyawa. PPOK tidak dapat diobati, namun gejalanya dapat ditangani dan mengurangi risiko kematian. PPOK merupakan salah satu penyebab utama kematian di seluruh dunia, yang menyebabkan sebanyak 3,17 juta kematian secara global pada tahun 2015 dan diestimasikan akan menjadi penyakit tiga teratas yang menyebabkan kematian di seluruh dunia pada tahun 2030. PPOK juga merupakan salah satu penyebab kematian utama semua kelompok usia di Indonesia pada tahun 2014 dengan persentase sebesar 4,9%. Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis (PPOK) dapat dipengaruhi oleh berbagai faktor risiko, salah satunya adalah pencemaran udara partikulat. DKI Jakarta merupakan salah satu wilayah dengan udara tercemar di Indonesia dengan Jakarta Pusat sebagai kota yang memiliki jumlah parameter kritikal PM2.5 dan PM10 terbanyak dibandingkan dengan kota Jakarta lainnya. Secara umum, penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui hubungan kualitas udara ambien (PM2.5 dan PM10), Faktor Individu, dan Faktor Meteorologi dengan Penyakit Paru Obstruktif Kronis (PPOK) di Jakarta Pusat tahun 2018-2020. Penelitian ini menggunakan desain studi ekologi berdasarkan waktu (time trend). Hasil studi menunjukkan adanya korelasi yang lemah dengan pola positif antara konsentrasi PM2.5, PM10, dan suhu udara dengan kejadian PPOK di Jakarta Pusat tahun 2018-2020 (r= 0,172, r= 0,056, r= 0,147). Hubungan korelasi yang lemah dengan pola negatif antara kelembaban udara dengan kejadian PPOK di Jakarta Pusat tahun 2018-2020 (r= - 0,248). Hubungan korelasi yang kuat dengan pola positif antara usia ≤ 44 tahun dan jenis kelamin perempuan dengan kejadian PPOK di Jakarta Pusat tahun 2018-2020 (r= 0,534, r= 0,738). Hubungan korelasi yang kuat atau sempurna dengan pola positif antara usia 45-59 tahun, usia > 59 tahun, dan jenis kelamin laki-laki dengan kejadian PPOK di Jakarta Pusat tahun 2018-2020 (r= 0,882, r= 0,958, r= 0,897). Pada penelitian ini hanya ditemukan hubungan yang signifikan antara usia ≤ 44 tahun (p= 0,001), usia 45-59 tahun (p= 0,000), usia >59 tahun (p= 0,000), jenis kelamin laki-laki (p= 0,000), dan jenis kelamin perempuan (p= 0,000) dengan kejadian PPOK di Jakarta Pusat tahun 2018-2020.

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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a progressive chronic lung disease that causes shortness of breath and is life threatening. COPD cannot be treated, but symptoms can be managed and reduce the risk of death. COPD is one of the leading causes of death worldwide, causing 3.17 million deaths globally in 2015 and it is estimated that it will become the top three disease causing death worldwide by 2030. COPD is also one of the leading causes of death for all age group in Indonesia in 2014 with a percentage of 4.9%. Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) can be influenced by various risk factors, one of which is particulate matter. DKI Jakarta is one of the areas with air pollution in Indonesia with Central Jakarta as the city that has the highest PM2.5 and PM10 pollution compared to other Jakarta administrative cities. In general, this study aims to determine the correlation between ambient air quality (PM2.5 and PM10), Individual Factors, and Meteorological Factors with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) in Central Jakarta in 2018-2020. This research uses an ecological study design based on time (time trend). The results of the study show a weak correlation with a positive pattern between concentrations of PM2.5, PM10, and air temperature with the incidence of COPD in Central Jakarta in 2018-2020 (r= 0.172, r= 0.056, r= 0.147). Weak correlation with a negative pattern between relative humidity and the incidence of COPD in Central Jakarta in 2018-2020 (r= - 0.248). a strong correlation with a positive pattern between the age of ≤ 44 years and female with the incidence of COPD in Central Jakarta in 2018-2020 (r = 0.534, r = 0.738). a strong or perfect correlation with a positive pattern between the age of 45-59 years, age > 59 years, and male with the incidence of COPD in Central Jakarta in 2018-2020 (r = 0.882, r = 0.958, r = 0.897). In this study age ≤ 44 years (p = 0.001), age 45-59 years (p = 0.000), age >59 years (p = 0.000), male (p = 0.000), and female (p= 0.000) were significantly correlated with the incidence of COPD in Central Jakarta in 2018-2020."