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"Penelitian ini menganalisis dampak penanaman modal asing terhadap perdagangan intra industri IIT Indonesia dengan salah satu mitra dagang utama yaitu Jepang selama kurun waktu 1990-2017. Indeks IIT lalu didekomposisikan menjadi 3 tipe yaitu Horizontal IIT yaitu IIT kualitas setara, upper vertical IIT UVIIT yang mengindikasikan kualitas tinggi dan lower vertical IIT LVIIT yang mengindikasikan kualitas rendah. Hasil estimasi menunjukkan PMA Jepang memiliki peran yang signifikan untuk meningkatkan IIT bilateral kedua negara. Hasil analisis pada masing-masing tipe IIT menunjukkan bahwa PMA Jepang memiliki dampak positif signifikan terhadap LVIIT dan HIIT namun tidak terbukti memiliki dampak terhadap UVIIT.

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This study analyzed the effect of foreign direct investment on Indonesia rsquo s intra industry trade with one of it rsquo s major trading partners Japan from 1990 2017. The IIT indexes are decomposed into 3 types of IIT which is horizontal IIT HIIT which indicates equal quality, upper vertical IIT UVIIT which indicates high quality, and lower vertical IIT LVIIT which indicates low quality. The estimation result show that Japanese direct investment have a significant role in enhancing bilateral IIT. The results of analysis on each type of IIT show that Japanese direct investment have positive significant impact on HIIT and LVIIT but there is no evidence on its impact to UVIIT."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat peran Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) yang masuk dari anggota ekonomi APEC dalam mendorong perdagangan bilateral intra industri antara Indonesia dengan anggota ekonomi APEC selama periode 2000-2012, dengan menggunakan metode estimasi fixed effect model (FEM). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa FDI yang masuk dari anggota APEC terbukti berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan dalam mendorong perdagangan bilateral intra industri antara Indonesia dengan anggota APEC. Variabel kontrol yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah rata-rata GDP dan keterbukaan perdagangan Indonesia dan mitra dagang, yang ditemukan berperan secara positif signifikan dalam mendorong IIT. Sebaliknya, perbedaan pendapatan per kapita berpengaruh negatif terhadap IIT antara Indonesia dan anggota ekonomi APEC di sektor manufaktur, sedangkan pengaruh rata-rata trade cost ditemukan tidak signifikan.

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This research aims to investigate the role of FDI inflow from the members of APEC economies in improving their bilateral intra industry trade with Indonesia during the period of years 2000-2012, by using fixed effect model (FEM) estimation method. The empirical result shows that FDI inflow from APEC members affects bilateral intra industry trade between Indonesia and APEC members. Control variables used in this research such as average GDP and level of openness of Indonesia and its trading partner are found to be positive significant in enhancing the IIT. Meanwhile, the difference of GDP per capita has a negative role, and the average trade cost is found to be insignificant."

"Tesis ini bertujuan untuk mngetahui seberapa besar pengaruh penanaman modal asing langsung Korea Selatan terhadap perkembangan perdagangan intra-industri bilateral antara Indonesia dengan Kore Selatan. Hubungan perdagangan bilateral angtelat terjadi selama ini dan tentunya akan berlanjut di masa depan diharapkan dapat memberi keuntungan yang lebih signifikan kepada Indonesia. Periode penelitian ini dilakukan mulai dari kurun waktu 1992 sampai dengan tahun 2007. Hasil analisi menunjukan bahwa penanaman modal asing langsung (FDI) Korea Selatan memiliki hubungan yang signifikan dan mendukung perdagangan intra-industri anatar kedua negara dan inc=vestasi asing Korea Selatan di Indonesia lebih ditujukan untuk memenuhi permintaan ekspor dibandingkan dengan pasar domestik. Sehingga perlu didorong peningkatan investasi Korea Selatan di Indonesia dengan mengoptimalisasi kerjasam yang telah dilakukan baik bilateral maupun regional, maupun dengan menghilangkan hambata-hambatan investasi.

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This thesis is aimed to study the impact of Republic of Korea (South Korea) direct investment (FDI) on the development of bilateral intra-industry trade between South Korea and Indonesia. Recent and future bilateral relation is expected to give more significant benefit on Indonesia. The study was held using export and import data of the two countries from 1992 to 2001, including 6 manufacture commodity subsectors as the cross-section. The study was focused on the relation between South Korean direct investment in Indonesia and bilateral intra-industry trade between the two countries. This study analyze factors that influence intra-industry trade between South Korea and Indonesia, such as direct investment, GDP difference, trade balance, opennes, and variation of exchange rate, using Panel Data Analysis estimation method. DI has positive significant relation that provide intra-industry trade development between the two countries, and the South Korean FDI on Indonesia is mainly segmented to fulfill export denad, not the domestic one. It's important to boost South Korean investation on Indonesia by optimalizing both bilateral and regional agreements as well as getting rid off the investation obstacles."

"ABSTRAKPenelitian ini menganalisa peran penanaman modal asing (PMA) dari Korea terhadap perdagangan intra-industri (IIT) Indonesia dan Korea untuk produk manufaktur pada kurun waktu 2000-2013. Menggunakan data tahunan dari World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS) pada level produk SITC Rev.3, didekomposisi IIT ke dalam 3 kelompok yaitu horizontal IIT (HIIT), upper vertical IIT (upper VIIT), dan lower vertical IIT (lower VIIT) sesuai Ito dan Okubo (2012). Memanfaatkan data agregasi terkecil, unit value dijadikan proksi pengelompokkan kualitas, hal yang sulit dilakukan dengan agregasi terbesar walaupun yang didapatkan adalah rata-rata harga tahunan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan PMA Korea secara positif dan signifikan mempengaruhi indeks IIT. Terkait dengan AKFTA, terjadi peningkatan pada lower VIIT namun penurunan indeks IIT.

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ABSTRACT

This thesis aim to analyze the role of Korea?s Foreign Direct Investment in Indonesia and its effect to the extent of intra-industry trade between Korea and Indonesia on manufacture products during the period 2000-2013. Using World Integrated Trade Solution data at the level of SITC Rev. 3, trade is decomposed into 3 group of quality: horizontal IIT (HIIT), upper vertical IIT (upper VIIT), and lower vertical IIT (lower VIIT) in Ito and Okubo (2012). The results in general shows inter industry trade dominates with share of more than 80% of trade. The decomposition of Grubel-Lloyd index into the three intra-industry groups support the notion that the intra-industry trade rose after ASEAN-Korea Free Trade (AKFTA) particularly for the human capital and technology intensive products. Korea?s FDI inflow to Indonesia also shows a positive impact on IIT index of manufacture sector. We agree that AKFTA may bring more imports to Indonesia leading to increase intra-industry trade in lower vertical group."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pasokan kayu bulat terhadap investasi asing langsung industri pengolahan kehutanan di Indonesia serta di Pulau Jawa dan di Luar Pulau Jawa. Penelitian ini menggunakan data 26 provinsi di Indonesia periode tahun 1997-2011. Selanjutnya, dalam mengkaji pasokan kayu bulat terhadap investasi asing langsung industri pengolahan kehutanan digunakan metode estimasi data panel. Hasil penelitian menyimpulkan bahwa pasokan kayu bulat berpengaruh positif terhadap investasi asing langsung industri pengolahan kehutanan di Indonesia. Sementara itu, pasokan kayu bulat Luar Jawa berpengaruh positif terhadap investasi asing langsung industri pengolahan kehutanan Luar Jawa, sedangkan pasokan kayu bulat Jawa tidak berpengaruh terhadap investasi asing langsung industri pengolahan kehutanan Jawa.

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The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of roundwood supply on Foreign Direct Investment in Indonesian, Java and outside Java forestry processing industry. This study uses data of 26 provinces in Indonesian during 1997 until 2011. Futhermore, in assessing the effect of roundwood supply on Foreign Direct Investment of forestry processing industry used estimation for panel data method.

The study concluded that the roundwood supply of Indonesia does have a positive effect on Foreign Direct Investment in Indonesia foresty processing industry. Meanwhile, the roundwood supply of outside Java does have a positive effect on Foreign Direct Investment in outside Java foresty processing industry, whereas the roundwood supply of Java does not have a positive effect on Foreign Direct Investment in Java foresty processing industry."

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Beberapa negara mencoba untuk lebih terlibat dalam perdagangan internasional

untuk menjadi bagian dari jaringan global. Penanaman Modal Asing (PMA) diharapkanmenjadi salah satu cara untuk meningkatkannya. Perdagangan intra industri (IIT)mengukur ekspor dan impor dalam kategori industri yang sama. Kajian ini mencobamenganalisis hubungan antara PMA sektor manufaktur di Indonesia dan bilateral IITantara Indonesia dengan masing-masing Jepang, China, dan ASEAN-9, khususnya padalevel industri. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak semua PMA di semua industrimempunyai hubungan positif dan signifikan dengan IIT. Keterkaitan FDI dan IIT berbedadi setiap lokasi dan industri.

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Many countries try to engage more in the international trade to be part of global

networks. FDI is expected to be one of ways to improve it. Intra industry trade (IIT)measures export and import in the same categorize of industry. This study tries to examinethe relationship between manufacturing FDI in Indonesia and bilateral IIT betweenIndonesia and each Japan, China, and ASEAN-9, especially in the industry level. Theresult shows that not all FDI in all industries have positive and significant relationshipwith IIT. The linkage of FDI and IIT differs across location and industries.

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"Tujuan dari penelitian adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh FDI Singapura terhadap perdagangan intra-industridi antara Indonesia dan Singapura. Periode penelitian dilakukan mulai pada tahun 1996 sampai dengan tahun 2011 dengan menggunakan data ekspor dan impor enam sub sektor komoditi manufaktur. Estimasi dilakukan dengan menggunakana panel data analysis.Hasil menunjukkan bahwa FDI Singapura memiliki pengaruh positif dan signifikan terhadap perdagangan intra-industri Indonesia-Singapura. Peningkatan FDI Singapura di Indonesia mendorong terjadinya peningkatan perdagangan intraindustri kedua negara.

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The aim of this research is to analyze the effect of Singapore FDI on the growth of intra-industri trade between Indonesia and Singapore. Period of the study started in 1996 to 2011 by using data export and import of six commodity sub-sectors of manufacture. The estimation of this research is using panel data analysis.Results indicate that Singapore FDI has a positive and significant impact on intra-industry trade between Indonesia and Singapore. The increasing of FDI Singapore in Indonesia led to an increasing in intra-industry trade between the two countries."

"Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk menganalisis pengaruh variabel institusional dari Bank Dunia, yaitu kritik dan akuntabilitas Voice of Accountability, stabilitas politik dan ketiadaan kekerasan Political Stability and Absence of Violence, efektivitas pemerintah Government Effectiveness, kualitas regulasi Regulatory Quality, supremasi hukum Rule of Law, dan pengendalian korupsi Control of Corruption bagi penanaman modal asing di negara di negara di BRICS Brasil, Rusia, India, China, Afrika Selatan dan Negara MINT Meksiko, Indonesia, Nigeria, dan Turki. Periode penelitian adalah selama enam tahun, sejak tahun 2010 hingga tahun 2016. Penerapan analisis ekonometrika ini menggunakan regresi linier berganda multiple linier regression data panel untuk mengestimasi parameter dalam hubungan antara variabel terikat berupa Penanaman Modal Asing PMA, dengan variabel bebas berupa 6 indikator institusional dari Worlwide Governance Indicators WGI. Dari hasil penelitian, didapatkan bahwa ada 2 variabel institusional WGI yang berpengaruh signifikan pada PMA, yakni Rule of Law signifikan negatif dan Regulatory Quality berpengaruh positif.

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The purpose of this study is to conduct an analysis of institutional variables from World Bank which are Voice of Accountability, Political Stability and Absence of Violence, Government Effectiveness, Regulatory Quality, Rule of Law, and Control of Corruption for Foreign Direct Investment in BRICS countries Brazil, Russia, India, China, South Africa and MINT countries Mexico, Indonesia, Nigeria and Turkey. The research periods are six years, from 2010 to 2016. This study applied econometrics analysis, using multiple linier regression of panel data to estimate the parameters of the relationship between the dependent variable in the form of Foreign Investment PMA, with the independent variable in the form of 6 the institutional indicators from The Worlwide Governance Indicators WGI. It is found that there are 2 institutional variables of WGI which have significant influence on PMA, namely Rule of Law significant negative and Regulatory Quality significant positive."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengukur pengaruh Foreign Direct Investment terhadap nilai tambah industri pengolahan di Indonesia. Penelitian ini menggunakan data dari 24 sub sektor industri pengolahan menurut Klasifikasi Baku Lapangan Usaha Indonesia. Data yang digunakan pada studi ini yaitu: data realisasi FDI dan PMDN (bersumber dari BKPM); data nilai tambah, jumlah tenaga kerja, modal tetap, biaya input produksi dan pengeluaran tenaga kerja (bersumber dari Badan Pusat Statistik). Metode estimasi yang digunakan adalah Feasible Generalized Least Square dengan Fixed Effect, dengan periode tahun yaitu 2009 hingga 2019. Hasil peneltian ini menunjukkan bahwa FDI dan beberapa variabel terkait memberikan pengaruh positif yang signifikan terhadap nilai tambah industri pengolahan di Indonesia.

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This study aims to measure the effect of Foreign Direct Investment to value-added of manufacturing industry in Indonesia. This study uses data from 24 manufacturing sub-sectors according to the Indonesian Standard Industrial Classification. The data used in this study are: FDI and PMDN realization data (sourced from BKPM); data of value added, labor, fixed capital, production input costs and labor expenditures (sourced from Central Bureau of Statistic). The estimation method used is Feasible Generalized Least Square with Fixed Effect, with a period of years from 2009 to 2019. The results of this study indicate that FDI and several related variables have a significant positive effect on the value added of the manufacturing industry in Indonesia."

"[ABSTRAK Makalah ini menyelidiki pengaruh korupsi pada penanaman modal investasi asing (FDI inflow) pada 100 negara yang dipilih. Banyak penelitian menunjukkan korupsi sebagai salah satu variabel penting yang berdampak negatif mempengaruhi FDI inflow. Serupa seperti dua sisi koin, di satu sisi beberapa peneliti menyatakan bahwa korupsi berdampak negatif terhadap FDI inflow dengan merusak persepsi stabilitas dan kualitas potensi investasi di negara-negara tuan rumah. Sebaliknya, ada beberapa penelitian yang mengungkapkan korupsi dapat memiliki dampak positif pada investasi dengan memfasilitasi transaksi di negara-negara dengan regulasi yang berlebihan. Korupsi dipandang sebagai subjek untuk berdebat dengan beberapa pro dan kontra belakangan ini. Namun, seiring dengan peningkatan penelitian yang membuktikan korupsi memiliki dampak negatif terhadap FDI, studi ini dilengkapi dengan bukti empiris dan riset yang berkesimpulan sama. Oleh karena itu, argumentasi yang menyatakan korupsi dapat mendorong arus masuk FDI dan membantu ekonomi negara tidak sah.ABSTRACT This paper investigates the effects of corruption on foreign direct investment inflow in 100 selected countries. Many studies pointed out corruption as one of the crucial variables that negatively affects FDI inflow. Similar like two-sided coin, on one side several researchers stated that corruption negatively affected FDI inflow by undermining the perception of stability and quality of an investment potential in host countries. In contrast, there are some studies that reveal corruption can have a positive impact on investment by facilitating transactions in countries with excessive regulations. Corruption is seen as a subject to debate with several pros and cons overtime. However, in line with the increased studies that proved corruption has a negative impacts towards FDI, this study provided with empirical evidence and resulted to the same conclusion. Hence, the argumentation that stated corruption can fostering FDI inflows and helps countries‟ economies is not valid.;This paper investigates the effects of corruption on foreign direct investment inflow in 100 selected countries. Many studies pointed out corruption as one of the crucial variables that negatively affects FDI inflow. Similar like two-sided coin, on one side several researchers stated that corruption negatively affected FDI inflow by undermining the perception of stability and quality of an investment potential in host countries. In contrast, there are some studies that reveal corruption can have a positive impact on investment by facilitating transactions in countries with excessive regulations. Corruption is seen as a subject to debate with several pros and cons overtime. However, in line with the increased studies that proved corruption has a negative impacts towards FDI, this study provided with empirical evidence and resulted to the same conclusion. Hence, the argumentation that stated corruption can fostering FDI inflows and helps countries‟ economies is not valid.;This paper investigates the effects of corruption on foreign direct investment inflow in 100 selected countries. Many studies pointed out corruption as one of the crucial variables that negatively affects FDI inflow. Similar like two-sided coin, on one side several researchers stated that corruption negatively affected FDI inflow by undermining the perception of stability and quality of an investment potential in host countries. In contrast, there are some studies that reveal corruption can have a positive impact on investment by facilitating transactions in countries with excessive regulations. Corruption is seen as a subject to debate with several pros and cons overtime. However, in line with the increased studies that proved corruption has a negative impacts towards FDI, this study provided with empirical evidence and resulted to the same conclusion. Hence, the argumentation that stated corruption can fostering FDI inflows and helps countries‟ economies is not valid., This paper investigates the effects of corruption on foreign direct investment inflow in 100 selected countries. Many studies pointed out corruption as one of the crucial variables that negatively affects FDI inflow. Similar like two-sided coin, on one side several researchers stated that corruption negatively affected FDI inflow by undermining the perception of stability and quality of an investment potential in host countries. In contrast, there are some studies that reveal corruption can have a positive impact on investment by facilitating transactions in countries with excessive regulations. Corruption is seen as a subject to debate with several pros and cons overtime. However, in line with the increased studies that proved corruption has a negative impacts towards FDI, this study provided with empirical evidence and resulted to the same conclusion. Hence, the argumentation that stated corruption can fostering FDI inflows and helps countries‟ economies is not valid.]"