Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"Latar Belakang. Proses pembuatan kain tapis membutuhkan waktu lama dan ketelitian tinggi. Pekerja bekerja dengan menggunakan peralatan sulam tenun tradisional yang tidak memperhatikan aspek ergonomi. Proses menyulam dilakukan dengan posisi duduk bersila di lantai mengakibatkan timbulnya ketidaknyamanan tungkai dan berdampak pada produktivitas sulam. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh kursi meja kerja yang ergonomis dan melihat pengaruhnya terhadap penurunan skala ketidaknyamanan tungkai dan peningkatan produktivitas sesudah intervensi pada pekerja kain tapis.Metode Penelitian. Desain yang digunakan adalah eksperimental one group pre-post intervensi dengan pembuatan media intervensi berupa kursi meja yang ergonomis. Sampel diambil menggunakan metode cluster sampling perusahaan tapis. Pada penelitian dilakukan pengumpulan data skala VAS ketidaknyamanan dan panjang sulam setiap akhir kerja. Analisis data dilakukan dengan program statistik SPSS Statistics 20.0.Hasil Penelitian. Telah didapatkan kursi meja kerja yang ergonomis bagi pekerja sulam tapis. Median skala VAS ketidaknyaman tungkai sebelum intervensi sebesar 7,0 4,5-8,5 . Median skala VAS ketidaknyamanan tungkai sesudah intervensi sebesar 1,0 0,5-1,5 . Median selisih skala VAS ketidaknyamanan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi sebesar 6,0 3,0-7,5 p

---

Background. The process of making a tapis takes a long time with high accuracy. Workers work using traditional embroidering equipment that does not pay attention to the ergonomics aspect. The embroidering process is done by sitting cross legged on the floor resulting in legs discomfort and impact on the work productivity. This study aims to get an ergonomic working desk chair for embroidering tapis cloth and see its effect on decrease the lower limb discomfort visual analogue scale VAS score and increase the productivity of tapis cloth workers after the interventionMethod. The study design was an experimental one group pre post intervention with the creation of intervention media in the form of ergonomic desk chair. Samples were taken using cluster sampling on tapis companies in Bandar Lampung City. The lower limb discomfort VAS score and length of tapis cloth at the end of work before and after the intervention were compared. Data analysis was performed by SPSS Statistics 20.0 statistics program.Results. An ergonomic working desked chair for embroidering tapis cloth is available. The median interquartile range of lower limb discomfort VAS score before the intervention was 7.0 4.5 8.5 . The median of lower limb discomfort VAS score after the intervention was 1.0 0.5 1.5 . The median of lower limb discomfort VAS score difference before and after the intervention was 6.0 3.0 7.5 p"

"Latar Belakang. Industri sulam tapis merupakan industri informal khas Provinsi Lampung dengan proses kerjanya dilakukan secara tradisional yang membutuhkan ketelitian tinggi dan waktu lama 1-3 bulan . Proses menyulam dilakukan dengan posisi duduk tanpa sandaran punggung, sandaran lengan dan leher menunduk. Proses tersebut dilakukan dalam waktu lama sekitar 4-6 jam per hari sehingga mengakibatkan keluhan ketidaknyamanan pada bahu. Penelitian ini merancang kursi meja sulam kain tapis dengan pendekatan ergonomi agar tercapai postur kerja yang ideal, sehingga dapat mengurangi ketidaknyamanan bahu pada pekerja perempuan sulam tapis di Bandar Lampung.Metode. Desain eksperimen one group pre-post test dengan intervensi kursi meja sulam tapis selama 2 dua hari dalam 6 jam kerja/hari. Metode pengambilan data dengan cluster sampling n=22 di 2 industri tapis Bandar Lampung pada bulan Mei-Juni 2018.Hasil. Rerata skor VAS ketidaknyamanan bahu sebelum intervensi sebesar 5.48 0.64, sedangkan skor VAS selama 2 hari intervensi adalah 0.77 0.21. Penurunan skor VAS pra dan post intervensi sebesar 4,71 0,73 p< 0,001 .Kesimpulan. Terdapat penurunan rerata skala VAS ketidaknyamanan bahu yang bermakna antara pra dan post intervensi kursi meja sulam tapis selama 2 hari.

---

Background Tapis weaving is an informal sector industrial Lampung Province with a traditional method which need a high accuracy in a work process. It is need 1 ndash 3 months for made every sheet of tapis weaving. Weaving process doing by sitting without arm and back rest and bowing position. The duration for working is about 4 6 hours per day which caused a shoulder discomfort symptom. This study was to designed chair ndash table for tapis weaving by the ergonomic approach, aiming to reduce shoulder discomfort among female tapis weaving workers at Bandar Lampung.Methods One group pre post test examination design, intervention using chair table tapis weaving for 2 days in 6 hours day. Cluster sampling method data n 22 from 2 industrial sectors of tapis weaving in May ndash June 2018.Results Pre intervention mean of Visual Analog Scale VAS score for shoulder discomfort is 5.48 0.64, and mean post intervention is 0.77 0.21. Means of VAS score decreased 4,71 0,73 p"

"Keluhan muskuloskeletal umumnya dirasakan oleh pekerja sektor informal, termasuk di dalamnya para pengrajin tenun sulam tapis. Berdasarkan data Riskesdas tahun 2018, prevalensi Gangguan Otot dan Rangka karena pekerjaan di Indonesia mencapai 7,9%. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi faktor-faktor yang berkontribusi terhadap kejadian Gangguan Otot dan Rangka pada pengrajin tenun sulam tapis di Kecamatan Negeri Katon, Pesawaran, Lampung. Desain penelitian yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional dengan menganalisis faktor-faktor risiko individu (seperti usia, pendidikan, status pernikahan, kebiasaan berolahraga, status gizi, anemia, kesehatan reproduksi, dan masa kerja), pekerjaan (seperti masa kerja, durasi kerja, dan postur kerja), dan lingkungan (seperti pencahayaan dan suhu). Populasi penelitian ini adalah seluruh pengrajin tenun sulam tapis di Negeri Katon, dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 162 pengrajin yang telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi yang ditetapkan. Keluhan Muskuloskeletal Disorders (MSDs) diukur menggunakan standar SNI 9011:2021, sementara postur kerja dinilai dengan menggunakan lembar observasi Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA). Hasil analisis menggunakan regresi logistik ganda menunjukkan bahwa variabel yang berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kejadian Gangguan Otot dan Rangka adalah postur kerja  (p value = < 0,001), durasi kerja (p value = 0,017) dan masa kerja (p value = 0, 024).

---

Musculoskeletal complaints are commonly experienced by workers in the informal sector, including artisans involved in weaving traditional cloth called "sulam tapis." Based on the Riskesdas data from 2018, the prevalence of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) due to occupational factors in Indonesia reaches 7.9%. This study aims to identify the contributing factors to the occurrence of Musculoskeletal Disorders among sulam tapis weavers in Negeri Katon District, Pesawaran, Lampung. The research employs a cross-sectional design, analyzing individual risk factors (such as age, education, marital status, exercise habits, nutritional status, anemia, reproductive health, and duration of employment), occupational factors (such as tenure, work duration, and working posture), and environmental factors (such as lighting and temperature). The study population consists of all sulam tapis weavers in Negeri Katon, with a sample size of 162 weavers meeting the predetermined inclusion and exclusion criteria. Musculoskeletal Disorders are assessed using the SNI 9011:2021 standard, while working posture is evaluated using the Rapid Upper Limb Assessment (RULA) observation sheet. The results of the analysis employing multiple logistic regression reveal that significant variables contributing to the occurrence of Musculoskeletal Disorders include working posture (p-value < 0.001), work duration (p-value = 0.017), and tenure (p-value = 0.024)."

"Industri manufaktur berkontribusi sebesar 20,27% dari produk domestik bruto di Indonesia dan setiap tahunnya membutuhkan sekitar 600 ribu pekerja baru. Proporsi pekerja perempuan pada sektor ini cenderung stagnan pada rata-rata 45% dan rendah pada subsektor industri tertentu. Penelitian ini menganalisis produktivitas pekerja perempuan pada industri manufaktur di Indonesia sampai dengan 23 subsektor industri menggunakan model cross section data survey IBS (Industri Besar Sedang) tahun 2019 pada 28.641 perusahaan. Tujuan analisis adalah untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan korelasi pekerja perempuan terhadap produktivitas perusahaan yang direpresentasikan melalui total output dibandingkan dengan total tenaga kerja (produktivitas tenaga kerja).

---

Indonesia’s manufacturing sector contributes to 20.27% of the country’s gross domestic product. The sector absorbs approximately 600 thousand new labors annually. It is noted that the proportion of female workers in this sector is approximately 45% and even lower in certain subsectors. This study analyzes the productivity of female labors in Indonesian manufacturing sector within 23 subsectors by using the 2019 IBS survey data of 28,641 companies. The objective of the analysis is to identify the correlation of the female workers participation rates with the companies’ productivities, which is resulted from the ratio of total output and participation rate."

"Latar Belakang. Sebuah pabrik tekstil “X” yang sebagian besar pekerjanya perempuan, mempunyai jam operasional yang mengharuskan pekerja menjalani sistem kerja gilir. Sistem kerja gilir mempengaruhi pola makan dan status gizi pekerja, kekurangan zat gizi memiliki potensi tinggi menyebabkan kelelahan sehingga diperlukan rekomendasi makanan tambaha serta edukasi gizi bagi kelompok pekerja ini. Pendekatan Linear Programming (LP) menghasilkan Food Based Recommendation (FBR) yang mempertimbangkan penggunaan bahan pangan lokal yang disesuaikan dengan pola makan pekerja dengan kerja gilir serta permasalahan gizi kelompok pekerja dengan mengoptimalkan kandungan nutrisi sehingga FBR yang dirumuskan dapat menjadi kebijakan bagi pemilik industri tekstil yang memperkerjakan perempuan pekerja dengan sistem kerja gilir.Objektif. Didapatkan rekomendasi makanan tambahan bagi perempuan pekerja dengan kerja gilir malam dalam menurunkan kejadian kelelahan.Metode. Penelitian dilakukan dalam dua fase, yaitu pra dan paska intervensi menggunakan desain quasi-eksperimental dengan uji pra dan paska dengan kelompok kontrol. Subjek penelitian dianalisis secara per protokol sehingga subjek berjumlah 100 perempuan pekerja. Data diet pekerja diperoleh dari penimbangan makanan yang diberikan saat kerja gilir malam, data dikombinasikan dengan 24 hours food recall serta 5 dFFQ (5-days food-frequency questionnaire). Kelelahan diukur dengan menggunakan kuesioner CIS (Checklist Individual Strength) 20R dan Reaction Time. Analisis LP menggunakan sistem Optifood yang merumuskan suatu rekomendasi makanan tambahan (FBR).Hasil. Berdasarkan hasil pemeriksaan kelelahan pada dua kelompok menunjukkan bahwa nilai rerata waktu reaksi pada kelompok intervensi pra intervensi sebesar 239,29±49,96 setelah dilakukan intervensi terjadi penurunan rerata waktu reaksi sebesar 12,97 millidetik. Penurunan rerata waktu reaksi kelompok intervensi mempunyai nilai p<0,05 (p=0,006) sehingga secara statistik nilai p bermakna pada rerata penurunan waktu reaksi kelompok intervensi paska intervensi. Pada kelompok kontrol pra intervensi rerata waktu reaksi sebesar 236,99±40,56 setelah dilakukan intervensi mengalami penurunan sebesar 3,56 millidetik. Sedangkan rerata waktu reaksi pra intervensi gabungan kedua kelompok sebesar 238,12±45,24 paska intervensi sebesar 229,94±27,34, beda rerata gabungan kedua kelompok sebesar 8,18 millidetik. Artinya ada penurunan kelelahan sebesar 8,18 millidetik paska intervensi. Secara satitistik penurunan rerata waktu reaksi gabungan kedua kelompok bermakna (p=0,007).Kesimpulan. Intervensi FBR cukup efektif dalam penurunan kelelahan bagi kedua kelompok penelitian, pada paska intervensi terdapat perbaikan kelelahan yang cukup baik.

---

Introduction. Textile factory “X”, where most workers are women, has an operational system that requires its workers to work on shifts. The shift system affects the dietary patterns and nutritional status of workers. Malnutrition has a high potential in causing fatigue. Thus, additional food recommendations and nutritional education for this population are needed. A Linear Programming (LP) approach produced the Food Based Recommendation (FBR), which considers the use of local food ingredients adjusted to the dietary pattern of shift workers and the nutritional problem of those workers by optimizing nutritional content. Therefore, the formulated FBR can be used as a policy for textile industry owners who employ female workers with a shift system.

Objective. Obtaining additional food recommendations for female workers who work a night shift to reduce the incidence of fatigue.

Methods. This study was conducted in two phases, i.e., pre-and post-intervention, using a quasi-experimental design with pre-and post-test with the control group. The subjects were analyzed per the protocol and a total of 100 female workers was obtained. The data on the workers’ diet was obtained from weighing food given during the night shift. The data were combined with a 24-hour food recall and 5 RFQ (5-days food-frequency questionnaire). Fatigue was examined using a CIS (Checklist Individual Strength) 20R questionnaire and a Reaction Time Analysis LP using the Optifood system, which formulated a Food-Based Recommendation (FBR). Data were analyzed using univariate and bivariate analysis.

Results. Based on the results of the fatigue examination of the two groups, the mean value of pre-intervention reaction time in the intervention group was 239.29 ± 49.96. After the intervention, an average reduction of 12.97 milliseconds occurred in reaction time.The mean reduction of reaction time in the intervention group produced a p-value of < 0.05 (p = 0.006). Therefore, statistically, the p-value was significant to the mean reduction in reaction time in the intervention group after the intervention. In the pre-intervention period of the control group, the mean value of reaction time was 236.99 ± 40.56 and decreased by 3.56 milliseconds after the intervention. Meanwhile, the average pre-intervention reaction time between the combinations of the two groups was 8.18 milliseconds. This means that there is a decrease in fatigue by 8.18 milliseconds after the intervention. Statistically, the reduction of mean reaction time between the two groups was significant (p = 0.007).

Conclusion. Adequate energy intake will improve the health status of workers, especially to avoid physiological disturbances and fatigue. The additional food menu chosen as the FBR recommendation is the one with the highest nutritional content. The recommended FBR was quite effective in reducing reaction time for both study groups. In the pre-intervention group with the mean value (239.29±49.96) and the post-intervention mean value (226.32±31.19), there was a decrease in reaction time of 12.9 milliseconds. Recommendations for providing additional food menus and nutrition education can be used as recommendations for workers and company owners."

"Latar Belakang: Aortoiliac disease adalah varian dari PAD yang lesi obstruktifnya terdapat di aorta infrarenal, arteri iliaka komunis, arteri iliakan interna, arteri iliaka eksterna, atau kombinasi di antaranya. Diagnosis PAD pada aortoiliac disease dapat dilakukan secara klinis, dengan menilai gejala klinis sesuai klasifikasi Rutherford maupun Fontaine. Jumlah klasifikasinya pada level aorta abdominalis hingga pedis kemudian dibagi 3 segmen sesuai dengan letak anatomi kemudian dapat dihitung menggunakan nilai Lower Leg Arterial Calcium (LLAC) score.Metode: Penelitian ini menggunakan desain cross sectional yang menggunakan data dari rekam medis CT angiography secara restrospektif di RSCM dan beberapa RS Pendidikan jejaringan dari bulan Januari 2019 – Juni 2022. Jumlah sampel sebanyak 20 subjek per kelompok dan dana di analisis menggunakan SPSS versi 25 for Mac.Hasil: Dari 56 subjek penelitian dengan aortoiliac disease, terdapat 20 subjek yang dilakukan operasi bedah bypass terbuka dan 36 subjek yang dilakukan operasi endovaskular. Secara statistik, tidak terdapat perbedaan LLAC score yang bermakna antara pasien aortoiliac disease yang dilakukan operasi bedah terbuka dengan yang dilakukan operasi endovaskular (p>0,05) dan tidak terdapat hubungan antara nilai range LLAC score dengan pilihan tindakan revaskularisasi dengan nilai p=0,601.Kesimpulan: Semua nilai LLAC score pada aortoiliac disease adalah kategori severe. Selain itu, tidak ada perbedaan yang bermakna antara nilai LLAC score dengan tindakan revaskularisasi bedah terbuka dan endovaskular serta tidak ada perbedaan bermakna antara nilai LLAC score kategori severe terhadap tindakan revaskularisasi bedah terbuka dan endovaskular.

---

Background: Aortoiliac disease is a variant of PAD in which obstructive lesions are found in the infrarenal aorta, common iliac artery, internal iliac artery, external iliac artery, or a combination of them. The diagnosis of PAD in aortoiliac disease can be done clinically, by assessing clinical symptoms according to Rutherford's and Fontaine's classifications. The number of classifications at the level of the abdominal aorta to the pedis is then divided into 3 segments according to the anatomical location and can then be calculated using the Lower Leg Arterial Calcium (LLAC) score.Method: This study used a cross-sectional design that used data from CT angiography medical records retrospectively at RSCM and several networked Education Hospitals from January 2019 – June 2022. The number of samples was 20 subjects per group and the funds were analyzed using SPSS version 25 for Mac.Results: A total of 56 study subjects with aortoiliac disease, 20 subjects underwent open bypass surgery and 36 subjects underwent endovascular surgery. Statistically, there was no significant difference in LLAC scores between patients with aortoiliac disease who underwent open surgery and those who underwent endovascular surgery (p>0.05) and there was no relationship between the LLAC score range and the choice of revascularization with a value of p=0.601.Conclusion: All LLAC scores for aortoiliac disease are in the severe category. In addition, there was no significant difference between the LLAC score and open and endovascular revascularization procedures and there was no significant difference between the LLAC score in the severe category for open and endovascular revascularization procedures."

"ABSTRACTKesalahan desain serta ukuran meja dan kursi di sekolah dapat mengakibatkan terbentuknya postur tubuh yang membahayakan bagi kesehatan siswa. Penelitian ini akan membandingkan ukuran meja dan kursi sekolah yang sudah digunakan di Sekolah Menengah Kejuruan SMK Yaspi Al-Makmur dengan ukuran tubuh siswa untuk mengetahui apakah meja dan kursi ini sudah didesain dengan ukuran yang benar sehingga membentuk postur duduk yang benar. Perhitungan nilai standar ukuran meja dan kursi didapat dari nilai persentil dengan uji deskriptif menggunakan SPSS. Dalam penelitian ini didapakan ukuran dimensi meja dan kursi SMK yang ergonomis dengan antropometri siswa.

---

ABSTRACTImproper design and size of school furniture can lead to formation of dengerous posture for student rsquo s health. This research was comparing the dimensions of school furniture to student rsquo s dimensions, in vocational high school, and determines whether this type of furniture is well designed. Morover, this research aslo studied about the sitting posture of vocatonal high school students formed by the design of school furniture. Calculation of standard value of table and chair size obtained from percentile value with descriptive test using SPSS. This research have found the dimension size of the ergonomic tables and chairs for vocational high school students in accordance with anthropometry data. Keywords Ergonomic Ergonomic Design Anthropometry Vocational High School School Furniture Design Percentile. "

"Latar Belakang Pekerja emping bekerja dengan postur menunduk selama waktu kerja yang dapat menyebabkan nyeri tengkuk. Untuk merencanakan tempat kerja yang ergonomis diperlukan ukuran tinggi meja dan kursi yang sesuai. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui pengaruh kesesuaian tinggi meja dan kursi dengan tinggi siku duduk serta poplitea terhadap penurunan skala nyeri tengkuk.Metode Penelitian menggunakan desain eksperimen one group pre-post. Skala nyeri tengkuk diukur meggunakan Visual Analog Scale. Intervensi yang dilakukan adalah penyesuaian tinggi meja dan kursi dengan tinggi siku duduk serta poplitea selama 14 hari. Kemudian dilakukan uji T berpasangan untuk rerata beda skala nyeri tengkuk pre dan post intervensi. Terhadap variabel bebas dilakukan uji bivariat terhadap perubahan skala nyeri tengkuk yang dilanjutkan uji multivariat.Hasil Besar sampel penelitian 31 orang dan didapatkan prevalensi nyeri tengkuk sebelum intervensi 82%. Hipotesis terbukti yakni terdapat perbedaan yang bermakna antara rerata skala nyeri tengkuk sebelum dibandingkan sesudah penyesuaian meja dan kursi kerja selama 14 hari dengan nilai p=0,000, 95%CI=3,35-4,13.Kesimpulan Kesesuaian tinggi meja dan kursi kerja dengan tinggi siku duduk serta poplitea mempunyai hubungan yang bermakna terhadap penurunan skala nyeri tengkuk dengan masa intervensi selama empat belas hari.

---

Background: Emping chips labors work in bent body posture may cause neck pain. Designing ergonomically workplace require compatible table and chair height. The objective of this research to understand the effect of table and chair heightadjustment with elbow sitting height and popliteal against changing scale of neck pain.

Research Methodology: The research used experimental design with one group pre-post method. Neck pain scale was measured with Visual Analog Scale. Purposely intervention was adjustment in table and chair height with elbow sitting height and popliteal within 14 (fourteen) days observation. Subsequently, paired T-test was performed to measure mean difference between pre and post intervention against neck pain scale. Uncontrolled variable was examined with bivariate testing toward changing scale of neck pain that continued with multivariate testing.

Result: Subject of the study were 31 employees, and the prevalence neck pain before intervention was 82%. Statistically proven that there was significant difference of mean scale of neck pain between pre and post intervention in adjustment of table and chair height during 14 (fourteen) days observation with p-value = 0.000 and 95% CI= 3.35 - 4.13.

Conclusion: There was significant effect of table and chair height adjustment with elbow sitting height and popliteal against reduction of neck pain scale during 14 (fourteen) days observation."

"Pada tahun 2010 American Venous Forum mengembangkan sebuah sistem skoring Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) untuk menilai tingkat keparahan Insufisiensi Vena Kronik, dimana system ini dikatakan lebih lengkap daripada system CEAP. Tetapi validasi VCSS terhadap uji obyektif masih kurang. Tujuan Penelitian ini adalah untuk menguji VCSS terhadap refluks dan diameter vena tungkai berdasarkan ultrasonografi. Penelitian ini merupakan suatu uji diagnostik potong lintang pada pekerja wanita dengan posisi kerja berdiri sebnyak 114 orang (228 tungkai). Dilakukan penilaian VCSS dan pemeriksaan USG pada semua subjek. Hubungan antara VCSS dengan refluks dan diameter vena tungkai dianalisis menggunakan odd rasio dengan interval kepercayaan 95%. Dari 228 tungkai yang diperiksa didapatkan skor VCSS 0-3 sebanyak 18,4%, skor ≥4sebanyak 81,6%. Refluks didapatkan pada 21,9% tungkai. Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara VCSS dengan refluks pada vena tungkai. Sedangkan diameter vena safena magna antara 2,1-12,2mm, vena femoral 7,1-17mm, vena popliteal 3-11,4 dan vena safena parva 1,7-7mm. Ketika VCSS dihubungkan dengan diameter vena, didapatkan hubungan yang signifikan. Sensistivitas VCSS dibandingkan dengan refluks berdasarkan USG didapatkan 78%, spesivitas 98,31%, nilai prediksi positif 92,86% dan nilai prediksi negatif 93,86%. Dari hasil penelitian ini disimpulkan skoring VCSS dapat dipakai sebagi metode untuk menilai insufisiensi vena kronik. Meskipun VCSS dirancang untuk menilai keparahan penyakit vena kronis,  VCSS dapat juga dipaki untuk melakukan skrining karena menujukkan hubungan yang baik dengan refluks dan diameter vena tungkai berdasarkan USG.

---

In 2010 the American Venous Forum developed a scoring system for the Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) to assess the severity of chronic venous insufficiency, where the system is said to be more complete than the CEAP system. But the VCSS validation of the objective test is still lacking. The aim of this study was to test VCSS for reflux and diameter of leg veins based on ultrasonography. This study is a cross-sectional diagnostic test on female workers with a working position standing at 114 people (228 limbs). VCSS assessment and ultrasound examination were performed on all subjects. The relationship between VCSS and reflux and limb vein diameter was analyzed using odds ratios with a 95% confidence interval. From the 228 limbs examined, the VCSS score of 0-3 was 18.4%, the score ≥4 was 81.6%. Reflux is obtained at 21.9% of the legs. There is a significant relationship between VCSS and reflux in the leg veins. Whereas the diameter of the safena magna vein is between 2.1-12.2mm, 7.1-17mm femoral vein, popliteal vein 3-11.4 and safena parva vein 1.7-7mm. When VCSS is associated with vein diameter, a significant relationship is obtained. The sensitivity of VCSS compared with reflux based on USG was 78%, the specificity was 98.31%, the positive predictive value was 92.86% and the negative predictive value was 93.86%. From the results of this study concluded VCSS scoring can be used as a method to assess chronic venous insufficiency. Although VCSS is designed to assess the severity of chronic venous disease, VCSS can also be cited for screening because it shows a good relationship with reflux and diameter of leg veins based on ultrasound.

"

"[Latar belakang : Iskemia tungkai akut merupakan salah satu kegawatan yang dapat dihadapi oleh setiap ahli bedah, dimana perlu pananganan segera untuk menghentikan ancaman kerusakan jaringan yang terus berjalan sampai kejadian iskemik dapat teratasi. Hipotermia dapat mempengaruhi langkah-langkah awal dalam proses apoptosis termasuk menghambat aktivasi enzim caspase, mempertahankan fungsi mitokondria, menurunkan rangsangan neurotransmitter, dan menurunkan metabolisme.Tujuan : Untuk mengetahui perbedaan kerusakan sel jaringan otot pada iskemia tungkai akut yang diberikan perlakuan hipotermi dan yang tidak diberikan perlakuan hipotermi sebelum, selama dan sesudah golden periode iskemia.Metode : Penelitian ini merupakan experimental cohort study untuk melihat efek pemberian hipotermi terhadap kematian sel otot tungkai kelinci jenis New Zealand White (NZW) yang dilakukan ligasi pada arteri iliaca comunis (iskemia akut).Hasil : Pada penelitian ini bahwa iskemia otot tungkai kelinci pada jam ke 4, jam ke 6 dan jam ke 12 telah terjadi kerusakan sel sebanyak 48,8%, 74,4% dan 93.3%, dengan perbandingan jam ke 4 dengan jam ke 6 dan jam ke 6 dengan jam ke 12 menunjukkan hasil signifikan (p = 0.024) dan (p = 0.027). Perlakuan hipotermia dapat menghambat laju kerusakan sel pada iskemia tungkai akut, pada penelitian ini perbandingan antara kelompok iskemi saja dengan iskemi dan hipotermi pada jam ke 4, jam ke 6 dan jam ke 12 menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan ( p < 0.005)Simpulan : Semakin lama waktu iskemi pada iskemia tungkai akut, semakin banyak kerusakan sel terjadi. Hipotermi dapat mengahambat laju kerusakan sel pada iskemia tungkai akut, Background: Acute limb ischemia is one of the emergency cases that every surgeon must face. These cases require urgent management in stopping the threat of ongoing tissue damage before appropriate treatments can be done to resolve the ischemic events. Hypothermia may affect the early processes of apoptosis, including maintaining mitochondrial function, lowering the neurotransmitter stimulation, and decreasing metabolism rate.Objective: This paper is aimed to determine the differences between muscle tissue cell damage in acute limb ischemia that is given the treatment of hypothermia and that is not. The effect of hypothermia given before, during, and after the golden period of ischemia is also observed.Methods: This study is an experimental cohort study to see the effects of hypothermia on the muscle cell death types of the limb conducted on New Zealand White rabbits (NZW) with the ligation of the common iliac artery (acute ischemia).Results: Cell damage due to muscle ischemia in the rabbit leg was observed at 4 hours, 6 hours, and 12 hours with cell damage occurring as much as 48.8%, 74.4%, and 93.3%, respectively, with differences in the 4th hour to the 6th hour and 6th hour to 12th hour showing significant results (p = 0.024) and (p = 0.027). Treatments using hypothermia showed that it has an effect on inhibiting the rate of cell damage in acute limb ischemia. In this study, the comparison between groups experiencing ischemia without hypothermic interventions and the groups with hypothermic interventions showed significant results at the 4th hour, 6th hour, and 12th hour (p <0.005).Conclusion: The longer period of ischemia that is experienced in acute limb ischemia, the more cells that are damaged. Hypothermia can inhibit the rate of cell damage in acute limb ischemia]"