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"Produksi D meson sebagai fungsi multiplisitas partikel bermuatan telah diukur menggunakan ALICE detektor di LHC. Pengukuran ini dilakukan menggunakan data tumbukan proton-proton pada energi pusat massa 13 TeV yang direkam oleh ALICE detektor pada periode pengambilan data tahun 2016. D meson direkonstruksi melalui produk peluruhan hadroniknya pada empat interval pT dari 2 GeV/c sampai 24 GeV/c dengan ?

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D meson production as a function of charged particle multiplicity in proton proton collisions have been measured using ALICE detector at the LHC. This measurement was performed using proton proton collisions data at center of mass energy 13 TeV recorded by ALICE during the 2016 data taking periods. D meson were reconstructed through its hadronic decay product in four pT intervals ranged from 2 GeV c to 24 GeV c with "

"Produksi partikel D^*+-meson pada tumbukan proton-proton pada energi pusat massa 13 TeV dengan detektor ALICE dilaporkan dalam tesis ini. Data yang digunakan adalah data tumbukan proton-proton yang dikumpulkan oleh kolaborasi ALICE pada tahun 2016, 2017, dan 2018. Hasil rekonstruksi partikel D^*+-meson kemudian ditampilkan dalam bentuk plot distribusi massa invarian D^*+-meson dalam beberapa rentang momentum yakni 1-36 GeV/c. Penampang lintang D^*+-meson sebagai fungsi momentum dihitung dan dibandingkan dengan perhitungan teori perturbative QCD. Hasil perhitungan penampang lintang D^*+-meson menunjukkan kesesuaian dengan perhitungan teori.

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Measurement of the production cross section of D^*+-meson in proton-proton collisions at center of mass energy with ALICE detectors is presented in this study. The data collected by ALICE Collaboration in 2016, 2017, and 2018 was used in this work. Invariant mass distributions and production cross sections were measured as a function of momentum in the range 1-36 GeV/c. the production cross sections of D^*+-meson were compared with perturbative QCD model. The measurements were compatible with the theoretical predictions."

"This thesis is based on the first data from the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) at CERN. Its theme can be described as the classical Rutherford scattering experiment adapted to the LHC, measurement of scattering angles to search for new physics and substructure. At the LHC, colliding quarks and gluons exit the proton collisions as collimated particle showers, or jets. The thesis presents studies of the scattering angles of these jets. It includes a phenomenological study at the LHC design energy of 14 TeV, where a model of so-called large extra dimensions is used as a benchmark process for the sensitivity to new physics. The experimental result is the first measurement, made in 2010, by ATLAS, operating at the LHC start-up energy of 7 TeV. The result is compatible with the Standard Model and demonstrates how well the physics and the apparatus are understood. The first data is a tiny fraction of what will be accumulated in the coming years, and this study has set the stage for performing these measurements with confidence as the LHC accumulates luminosity and increases its energy, thereby probing smaller length scales."

"This work develops novel data analysis techniques enabling aspects of the standard model of particle physics to be tested with unprecedented precision using data from the DZero experiment at the high energy “Tevatron” proton-antiproton collider at Fermilab, Chicago. Vesterinen's measurements of the transverse momentum of Z bosons using the novel variable φ* have exposed deficiencies in the current state-of-the-art theoretical predictions for vector boson production at hadron colliders. These techniques are now being used in the experiments at CERN’s Large Hadron Collider (LHC) and have stimulated considerable interest in the theoretical particle physics community. Furthermore, Vesterinen's measurements of the cross sections for the production of pairs of vector bosons (WZ and ZZ) are to date the most precise ever made."

"Dalam skripsi ini, peneliti bertujuan mencari perhitungan dan membuat perbandingan stopping power penetrasi proyektil dengan target yang berupa elektron dan inti atom. Eksitasi dari elektron target merupakan kontribusi yang diperhitungkan untuk berkurangnya energi proyektil. Perhitungan rumus dilakukan dari Bethe Stopping Power dengan aproksimasi Born hingga perturbasi orde kedua, biasa disebut efek Barkas. Pada aproksimasi Born pertama, inti atom tidak berperan begitu besar dalam menghasilkan energi stopping power. Sedangkan elektron menunjukkan hasil yang signifikan.

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In this thesis, the researcher intends to measure and compare the stopping power of penetration between projectile and the targets which are electrons and nuclei. The contribution to the energy loss of the projectile is solely due to excitation of the target electrons. The calculation is derived from Bethe’s stopping power using the Born approximation up to the second order perturbation, commonly known as the Barkas effect. In the first Born approximation, it is showed that nuclei does not really participate in resulting stopping power energy. On the other hand, electrons shows big significant result."

"Dalam paper ini, peneliti fokus pada stopping power elektronik untuk proton dan antiproton dengan target Silikon. Eksitasi dari elektron target merupakan kontribusi yang diperhitungkan untuk berkurangnya energi proyektil. Perhitungan rumus dilakukan dari Bethe Stopping Power dengan aproksimasi Born hingga perturbasi orde kedua, biasa disebut efek Barkas. Tumbukan antara proyektil dan target dimodelkan elastis dan inelastis, juga inelastis dan elastis. Rentang energi pada paper ini dari ≈ 100 keV sampai 3 MeV

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In this paper, the researcher focuses on the electronic stopping power of protons and antiprotons in a Silicon target. The contribution to the energy loss of the projectile is solely due to excitation of the target electrons. The calculation is derived from Bethe’s stopping power using the Born approximation up to the second order perturbation, commonly known as the Barkas effect. The collision of the target and the projectile is modeled to be elastic and inelastic, also inelastic and elastic. The energy range in this work is between ≈ 100 keV up to 3 MeV."

"Telah dipelajari dan dikembangkan sebuah model sederhana untuk reaksi fotoproduksi η pada nukleon yaitu model isobar dengan menggunakan formalisme amplitudo transversal pada kerangka pusat massa. Fotoproduksi dianalisis pada energi foton Lab. antara 0.8-1.2 GeV. Reaksi fotoproduksinya adalah γ N → η N. Amplitudo yang ditinjau melibatkan kanal-s, kanal-t dan kanal-u pada suku Born dan resonan. Perhitungan observable yang ditinjau adalah penampang lintang differensial, penampang lintang total, dan polarisasi foton. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan seberapa besar kontribusi dari amplitudo transisi pada kanal-s, kanal-t dan kanal-u dari suku Born dan resonan pada proses perhitungan data observable.

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A simple model for h photoproduction have been studied and developed in this research named isobaric model using transversal amplitudes formalism in the center of mass system. Photoproduction is analyzed in foton Lab. energy 0.8-1.2 GeV. The considered reaction is γN → ηN. Amplitudes consist of s channel, t channel and u channel in Born term and resonance term. Observable that we consider are differential cross section, total cross section and photon polarization. The result of this research is to show how large the contribution of transition amplitudes in channel-s, t-channel and channel-u from Born term and resonance term in the calculation of the observable data."

"Telah diinvestigasi reaksi fotoproduksi gp! hp yang dikembangkan dengan model isobar. Amplitudo transisi pada kerangka pusat massa dijabarkan ke dalam amplitudo Chew-Goldberger-Low-Nambu (CGLN). Amplitudo yang ditinjau melibatkan kanal-s, -t, dan u pada suku Born dan resonan. Diformulasikan pula penampang lintang differensial dan polarisasi foton untuk melihat kontribusi dari masing-masing kanal. Parameter model ditentukan melalui fitting dengan data eksperimen.

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Have investigated reaction of photoproduction gp!hp being developed with isobar models. The amplitude transitions at the center of mass frame are translated into amplitude of Chew-Goldberger-Low-Nambu (CGLN). The amplitude of the terms involving the channel-s, -t, and -u in Born term and Resonans term. Formulated also the differential cross section and polarization of photons to see the contribution of each channel. Model parameters are determined by fitting the experimental data."