Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"ABSTRACTHingga saat ini, naskah Melayu klasik masih kurang dikenal oleh maysarakat umum meski di dalamnya terkandung pengetahuan dan kearifan lokal masyarakat pemiliknya, misalnya tentang ramalan dan pengobatan tradisional yang hingga saat ini masih relevan dengan kehidupan masyarakat Indonesia. Salah satu naskah Melayu klasik yang membahas kedua hal tersebut adalah Ramalan tentang Gempa, Obat, Doa, dan Azimat RtGODA yang tersimpan di Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia PNRI. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan untuk 1 menyajikan edisi teks dan 2 membahas isi naskah, khususnya bagian ramalan dan pengobatan tradisional, serta kaitannya dengan budaya masyarakat Melayu masa lampau. Metode edisi teks yang dipilih adalah metode edisi standar, sedangkan analisis isi dilakukan dengan pendekatan budaya untuk menganalisis ramalan dan pendekatan etnomedisin untuk menganalisis pengobatan tradisional. Berdasarkan analisis yang telah dilakukan, penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa meskipun masyarakat Melayu masa lampau percaya dan mengamalkan ajaran Islam, mereka tetap mempercayai ramalan dan adanya hal-hal magis. Kepercayaan tersebut masuk dalam berbagai bidang kehidupan masyarakat, termasuk dalam bidang pengobatan. Kepercayaan terhadap ramalan yang bertentangan dengan ajaran Islam menunjukkan bahwa masuknya agama Islam tidak mempengaruhi tradisi dan kepercayaan masyarakat Melayu masa lampau secara keseluruhan. Sebaliknya, tradisi yang telah hidup dalam masyarakat berbaur dengan kepercayaan masyarakat terhadap agama Islam.

---

ABSTRACTUntil now, the classical Malay manuscripts are still less known by the common people even if they can contain knowledge and local wisdom of the owner community, for example about the divination and traditional medicine that still relevant with the life of Indonesian people. One of the classical Malay manuscript that discussing these two things is a manuscript titled Ramalan tentang Gempa, Obat, Doa, Azimat RtGODA stored in Perpustakaan Nasional Republik Indonesia PNRI. This study was conducted with the aim of 1 presenting the text edition and 2 discussing the divination and the practice of ethnomedicine in the manuscript and its relation to the culture of ancient Malay society. The text edition method chosen in this study is the standard edition method. Meanwhile, content analysis was conducted with a cultural approach to analyze the divination and an ethnomedicin approach to analyze the traditional medicine. Based on the analysis that has been done, this study concludes that although the Malay community in the past believed and practiced the teachings of Islam, they still believed in divination and the existence of magical things. That belief exist in various areas of their live, including the field of medicine. Their belief in divination that are contrary to Islamic teachings shows that the entry of Islam does not affect the traditions and beliefs of ancient Malay society as a whole. In contrast, traditions that have lived in society mingle with public belief in Islam."

"Tesis ini membahas naskah Jawa yang berjudul Serat Darmasaloka SD. Teks SD ditulis dalam bahasa dan aksara Jawa. Teks SD berbentuk puisi Jawa, yaitu tembang macapat. Berdasarkan isinya, teks SD termasuk sebagai teks piwulang. Kajian terhadap SD dilakukan secara filologis. Satu naskah, yaitu KS 539b/493 Ha naskah A digunakan sebagai naskah landasan untuk menyusun edisi teks. Edisi teks dilengkapi dengan terjemahan dalam bahasa Indonesia. Selanjutnya, isi teks SD dikaji dari strukturnya untuk menunjukkan kekhasannya sebagai teks piwulang. Berdasarkan kajian isinya, teks SD merupakan perpaduan antara unsur budaya Islam dan budaya Jawa. Dalam teks, ada sejumlah tokoh yang bernama Islam, antara lain Siti Maryam, Seh Ngabdullah, dan Abu Bakar. Selain itu, ada pula nama tokoh yang berasal dari budaya Jawa, antara lain Kiai Sangit dan Ki Darmasaloka. Latar cerita dalam teks SD berada di negeri Arab, yaitu Bagedad, Madinah, dan Ngedhah-ngedhah. Meskipun demikian, penggambaran suasana tempat terasa seperti suasana tempat di Jawa. Secara umum alur teks SD dibawakan secara episodik dan linier, yaitu peristiwa disusun berurutan dari awal sampai dengan akhir cerita. Akan tetapi, seringkali jalan cerita ditunda. Penundaan ini dimanfaatkan oleh pengarang untuk memasukkan unsur ajaran atau piwulang. Teks SD mengandung nilai ajaran moral, antara lain ajaran nilai moral untuk perempuan, ajaran tasawuf, ajaran rukun dan hormat, larangan berzina, dan ajaran hukum Islam.

---

This thesis discusses a classical Javanesse manuscript entitled Serat Darmasaloka SD. This manuscript is written in Javanese languange and script. SD text is a narrative poetry, namely tembang macapat. Based on the content, SD is classified as piwulang. The analysis of SD manuscripts is based on philology theory. One manuscript, KS 539b 493 Ha manuscript A , is used as a basis for preparing the text edition. Text edition equipped with an Indonesian translation. Furthermore, the content of SD text be examined on the text structure to show the uniqueness as piwulang text. Based on the content analysis, text SD is a blend of elements of Islamic culture and Javanese culture. In the text, there are a number of figures that have names with shades of Islam, among others Siti Maryam, Seh Ngabdullah, and Abu Bakar. In addition, there is also the name of the character comes from the Javanese culture, among others Kiai Sangit and Ki Darmasaloka. Background story in the text SD in Arab countries, namely Bagedad, Medina, and Ngedhah ngedhah. Nevertheless, the depiction of the atmosphere of the place feels like the atmosphere of the place in Java. In general, plot of SD text delivered in episodic and linear, the events are arranged sequentially from the beginning until the end of the story. However, often the story was delayed. This delay is used by the authors to incorporate the teachings or piwulang. SD text contains the value of moral teaching, among other are teachings of moral values for women, Sufism, harmonious and respectful teachings, prohibition of adultery, and the teachings of Islamic law."

"Penelitian ini melihat bagaimana gambaran mengenai budaya melayu dalam novel Dwilogi Padang Bulan karya Andrea Hirata dengan menggunakan konsepsikonsepsi dari Unsur Kebudayaan dan Metode Analisi Isi Kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa di dalam novel masyarakat melayu digambarkan sebagai masyarakat yang reijius tetapi masih menganut faham dinamisme, menjunjung tinggi sopan santun, budaya lisan lebih dominan dibandingkan budaya tulisan, pekerja keras, dan gigih dalam bekerja. Lebih jauh, masyarakat melayu digambarkan sebagai masyarakat yang memiliki organisasi sosial yang mapan, tidak begitu bersimpati dengan kinerja pemerintah, mengganggap pendidikan adalah sesuatu hal yang penting, patriarkis, dan menggunakan sastra yakni puisi dan pantun sebagai media untuk menyampaikan pesan dan pandangan hidup.

---

This Study looked at how the idea of the Malay culture in Andrea Hirata's Work Dwilogi Padang Bulan by using the conceptions of the Elements of Culture and Qualitative Content Analysis Methods. The results show that the Malay community in the novel described as a religious society but still adhered to understand dynamism, upholds manners, oral culture more dominant than writing, hardworking and persistent in their work. Furthermore, the Malay community depicted as community who have established social organization, not sympathetic to the performance of the government, considers education is important, patriarchal, use the literary and poems as a medium for conveying messages and views."

"Naskah Ramalan dan Nujum adalah naskah pengetahuan tradisional Melayu yang berasal dari abad ke 19. Naskah ini berbahasa Melayu dan bertulisan huruf Arab. Pengkajian pada naskah Ramalan dan Nujum bertujuan menghasilkan edisi teks naskah yang dapat dipahami masyarakat modern dan mendeskripsikan bentukbentuk pengetahuan yang terkandung dalam teks Ramalan dan Nujum. Edisi teks atau transliterasi dilakukan dengan edisi landasan yang disertai perbandingan struktur dua naskah yang dijadikan bahan analisis, yaitu naskah Ramalan dan Nujum ML 64 dan Ramalan dan Nujum ML 65 yang keduanya tersimpan di Perpustakaan Nasional Indonesia. Analisis dilakukan dengan teori antropologi yang mendeskripsikan unsur-unsur kebudayaan khususnya bentuk pengetahuan dan unsur dalam religi, yaitu religi dan ilmu gaib. Deskripsi bentuk pengetahuan didasarkan pada deksripsi pengetahuan ramalan dan nujum yang dikemukakan oleh Zalila Sarif dan Jamilah Haji Ahmad yang telah meneliti naskah berjenis ramalan dan nujum di luar Indonesia. Hasilnya, diketahui naskah Ramalan dan Nujum merupakan naskah yang menjelaskan dua unsur pokok kebudayaan yang berkaitan, yaitu unsur pengetahuan dan religi. Dalam unsur pengetahuan, naskah Ramalan dan Nujum memperlihatkan pengetahuan dalam teori penciptaan alam sekitar manusia, pengetahuan mengenai tubuh manusia, sifat-sifat dan kelakuan sesama manusia, serta pengetahuan mengenai konsep ruang dan waktu yang seluruhnya berhubungan dengan konsep meramal. Dalam unsur religi dan ilmu gaib, naskah Ramalan dan Nujum memperlihatkan bentuk pengetahuan masyarakat yang sangat dipengaruhi oleh pengetahuan Islam dan_"

"Skripsi ini membahas manuskrip Melayu Surat Keputusan Ternate sebagai surat formal yang berlaku pada masanya. Pengkajian filologi dilakukan untuk menghasilkan edisi teks. Naskah disunting dengan menggunakan metode kritis yang bertujuan agar naskah ini dapat dibaca dan mudah dipahami oleh pembaca. Selanjutnya, surat diklasifikasikan, struktur dan format dianalisis untuk melihat bentuk surat keputusan pada masa lampau dan perbedaannya dengan surat keputusan masa kini. Selain itu, skripsi ini juga membahas kandungan isi berupa peristiwa yang melatarbelakangi turunnya Surat Keputsan Ternate.

---

This mini undergraduate discusses The Malay manuscript of Surat Keputusan Ternate as a formal letter that was used in the past. The Philological studies were conducted to produce text editing. The manuscript was edited using the critical method to be easily read and understood. Moreover, the letter would be classified and the form and the structure would be analyzed to know how the previous letter is different from the ancient letter. Furthermore, this undergraduate thesis also described the incident that caused the writing of Surat Keputusan Ternate."

"Penelitian ini membahas naskah Cerita Gempa (CG) koleksi Husain Hatuwe. Naskah CG merupakan naskah gempa bumi yang ditulis menggunakan aksara Jawi dengan bahasa Melayu-Ambon. Penelitian ini bertujuan menyajikan edisi teks CG dan menjelaskan bentuk kecerdasan tradisional seputar gempa bumi yang terdapat di dalamnya. Untuk mencapai tujuan tersebut, peneliti menggunakan pendekatan filologi dan menyunting teks dengan menggunakan metode edisi kritis agar teks mudah dibaca dan dipahami. Dalam menganalisis isi teks, digunakan teori semiotika geomorfologi untuk mengungkap kecerdasan tradisional seputar gempa bumi dan pengaruhnya terhadap kondisi tanah atau bentang alam. Temuan penelitian ini memperlihatkan bahwa naskah CG merupakan naskah gempa bumi yang berasal dari Ambon dan ditulis pada abad ke-19. Naskah CG ini merupakan naskah digital yang tersedia dan dapat diakses di situs EAP British Library. Aspek sintaksis, semantik, pragmatik dalam teks CG memperlihatkan adanya tanda-tanda alam dan sosial seputar gempa bumi. Hal ini terlihat dari penggunaan jenis kalimat, pilihan kata, dan ungkapan yang memiliki makna dalam menggambarkan situasi Ambon pada abad ke-19. Terdapat tiga kecerdasan tradisional dalam teks CG berkenaan dengan terjadinya gempa bumi di Ambon, yaitu: 1) Kecerdasan spiritual yang diperlihatkan melalui penyebutan tete nene moyang diyakini memberikan perlindungan dan keselamatan dan Fatimah binti Rasulullah yang dianggap sebagai leluhur masyarakat tanah Hitu sekaligus memperlihatkan bahwa kelompok Syi’ah merupakan kelompok spiritual yang dianut masyarakat tanah Hitu pada masa itu, 2) Kecerdasan sosial yang diperlihatkan melalui terjadinya gempa bumi dan peperangan yang membuat para pemimpin bersalah-salahan, orang dari jauh berdatangan, rakyat berpindah-pindah untuk memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya dengan cara berladang berpindah untuk mendapatkan bahan makanan, 3) Kecerdasan natural yang diperlihatkan melalui gempa bumi mempengaruhi bentuk tanah sehingga terjadi likuefaksi, tanah dengan struktur tertentu mencair dan bergeser akibat getaran yang terjadi dalam waktu singkat. Dari kecerdasan naturalis ini, peneliti memberikan rekomendasi kepada pembuat kebijakan terkait wilayah yang rentan gempa untuk 1) Menghindari tanah yang rentan likuefaksi dengan cara memetakan struktur tanah, 2) Membuat struktur bangunan tahan likuefaksi, 3) Memperbaiki kondisi tanah secara berkelanjutan.

---

This study discusses the Cerita Gempa (CG) manuscript of Husain Hatuwe's collection. The CG manuscript is an earthquake manuscript written using the Jawi script in the Ambonese-Malay language. This study aims to present the CG text edition and explain the traditional forms of intelligence surrounding earthquakes contained in it. To achieve this goal, the researcher uses a philological approach and edits the text using the critical edition method so that the text is easy to read and understand. In analyzing the content of the text, the semiotic theory of geomorphology is used to reveal traditional intelligence about earthquakes and their effects on soil conditions or landscapes. The findings of this study show that the CG manuscript is an earthquake manuscript originating from Ambon and written in the 19th century. This CG manuscript is a digital manuscript available and accessible on the British Library's EAP website. The syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic aspects of the CG text show the natural and social signs surrounding earthquakes. This can be seen from the use of sentence types, choice of words, and expressions that have meaning in describing the Ambon situation in the 19th century. There are three traditional intelligences in the CG text regarding the earthquake in Ambon, namely: 1) Spiritual intelligence shown through the mention of ancestral tete is believed to provide protection and safety and Fatimah bint Rasulullah who is considered the ancestor of the Hitu land community as well as showing that the Shi'ah group is a spiritual group embraced by the people of the Hitu land at that time, 2) Social intelligence is shown through earthquakes and wars that make leaders guilty, people from far away come, people move around to meet their needs by shifting cultivation to get materials. food, 3) Naturalist intelligence shown through earthquakes affects the shape of the soil so that liquefaction occurs, soil with certain structures melts and shifts due to vibrations that occur in a short time. From this naturalist intelligence, the researcher provides recommendations to policy makers regarding earthquake-prone areas to 1) Avoid liquefaction-prone soils by mapping the soil structure, 2) Create liquefaction-resistant building structures, 3) Improve soil conditions in a sustainable manner."

"Skripsi ini membahas edisi teks dari naskah Tractaat Van Vridchap, analisis struktur surat, dan analisis sejarah yang terdapat dalam Tractaat Van Vridschap. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan menggunakan metode edisi naskah tunggal atau metode kritis untuk metode penyuntingan teks. Penelitian ini menghasilkan analisis struktur surat dan sejarah di wilayah Ternate. Struktur Tractaat Van Vridschap mempunyai persamaan dan perbedaan dengan struktur surat perjanjian masa kini. Surat perjanjian persahabatan yang dibuat Belanda dan Ternate bukanlah surat yang dibentuk sungguh-sungguh atas dasar persahabatan.

---

This thesis discusses the issue of the text of the Tractaat Van Vridschap manuscript, analysis of letters and historical analysis contained in Tractaat Van Vridschap. This study uses a qualitative method using a single copy edition or critical method for text editing method. This research resulted in the analysis of the structure and history of the region letter Ternate. Structure of Tractaat Van Vridschap has similarities and differences with the present structure of the agreement. The agreement made by Dutch and Ternate is not an earnest letter formed on the basis of friendship."

"Skripsi ini membahas akta atau surat perjanjian antara Kesultanan Banten dengan Belanda pada tahun 1777. Surat adalah salah satu sumber sejarah yang kredibel sehingga melalui penelitian ini dapat ditelusuri masa lalu Kesultanan Banten pada tahun tersebut. Surat ini ditulis dalam aksara Jawi sehingga diperlukan pengalihaksaraan dengan pendekatan filologi. Metode yang digunakan yakni metode edisi kritis dengan tujuan menyajikan edisi teks yang dapat dipahami oleh masyarakat umum. Skripsi ini juga menganalisis struktur surat serta mengklasifikasikannya untuk mengamati bentuk dan struktur surat pada masa lalu. Analisis isi dilakukan secara khusus menjelaskan tempat-tempat yang disebutkan di dalam naskah beserta peristiwa-peristiwa penting di dalamnya. Penelitian ini akan bermanfaat untuk menambah wawasan pembaca, khususnya bagi masyarakat Banten itu sendiri serta sebagai referensi bagi penelitian atau cabang ilmu lain yang juga membahas surat ataupun sejarah Kesultanan Banten.

---

This thesis discusses the deed or agreement between Sultanate of Banten with the Dutch in 1777. Letters are one of the most credible history sources and through this research, the past of Sultanate of Banten can be traced spesifically in that year. This letter is written in Jawi and needed to made a text edition. The method that being used is critical edition to make a text edition that can be understood by general. This thesis also analyzes the structure of letters and classify it to observe the form and structure of the letter in the past. This analysis specifically done to describe the places that is being mentioned in the manuscript. This research will be useful to increase the reader rsquo s insight, especially for The Banten rsquo s and also as a reference for other researches and branches of science that also discuss about the letter in the past or The Sultanate of Banten. "

"Skripsi ini berjudul “Cerita Gempa: Edisi Teks dan Analisis terhadap Struktur dan Tema Teks” Skripsi ini menyajikan suntingan teks CG serta analisis terhadap stuktur dan tema teks CG. Penyuntingan naskah CG dilakukan untuk membantu pembaca awam membaca naskah CG. Penyuntingan teks juga menyajikan gejala kebahasaan naskah CG yang menggunakan bahasa Melayu Ambon. Selain itu naskah CG merupakan naskah primbon. Oleh karena itu analisis terhadap struktur dan tema teks akan membantu pembaca memahami isi teks CG.

---

This thesis titled "Cerita Gempa: Text Edition and Analysis of Text Structure and Theme". This thesis present CG text editing with analysis of CG text structure and theme. The editing of CG did to help the reader who could not read Jawi alphabet to read CG. The editing present language indication of CG which has Malayu Ambong language Besides CG is primbon manuscript Because of that analysis of text structure and theme would help the reader to understanding CG text. "

"[ABSTRAK Dalam penelitian ini, penulis membahas tentang surat-surat yang ditulis olehEyang Hasan Maolani dari pengasingannya di Kampung Jawa, Tondano, untukkeluarganya di Desa Lengkong, Kabupaten Kuningan, Jawa Barat. Adapun korpuspenelitian ini adalah bundel naskah salinan fotokopi yang didapatkan dari salahsatu keturunannya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menyajikan edisi suntingan teks,menerjemahkan teks ke dalam bahasa Indonesia, dan menganalisis isi tekstersebut.Dalam menghasilkan edisi suntingan teks, penulis menerapkan pendekatanfilologis dengan metode ?edisi kritik?, yaitu menghadirkan edisi suntingan teksyang siap baca dan terbebas dari kesalahan-kesalahan. Sedangkan untukmenganalisis isi teks tersebut, diterapkan pendekatan intertekstual. Melaluipendekatan ini, penulis melakukan pembacaan atas teks-teks lain yang terkaitdengan teks surat-surat tersebut.Penelitian ini menyimpulkan bahwa Eyang Hasan Maolani telah menulis 14 suratdalam kurun tahun 1854 hingga 1855. Kesimpulan tersebut tampak padapenulisan sistem penanggalan khas yang terdapat dalam surat-suratnya. Selain itu,melalui penyuntingan dan penerjemahan juga dapat dilihat bahwa penyusunanbundel surat-surat Eyang Hasan Maolani tidak dilakukan secara cermat sehinggasusunan halaman teks tampak tidak beraturan. Selanjutnya, melalui analisis isidapat diungkapkan bahwa bahasan utama surat-surat ini adalah penyampaianajaran-ajaran keagamaan dari Eyang Hasan Maolani kepada keluarganya. Bahasanutama tersebut terurai dalam tiga sub bahasan yakni konsep mencari ilmu, konsepibadah, dan rujukan keilmuan;ABSTRACT In this research, the writer discusses the letters written by Eyang Hasan Maolani

from his exile in Kampung Jawa, Tondano, which had been sent to his family in

Lengkong, Kuningan, West Java. The corpus of this research is a bundle of

photocopies of manuscripts that obtained from one of his descendants. The aims

of this study are presenting the editing text, translating the text to Bahasa, and

analyzing the content of the text.

In order to get the editing text, the writer applies the philological approach with

the 'critical edition' as the method which is present the editing text that is ready to

be read and is free from textual errors. As for analyzing the content of the text, the

intertextual approach has been applied. Through this approach, the writer had read

other texts related to the text of the letters.

The research concluded that 14 letters had been written by a Eyang Hasan

Maolani in the period 1854 to 1855. The conclusions appear on the writing of a

typical calendar system contained in his letters. In addition, through the editing

and the translation, we can see that the bundle of the letters had not been drafted

carefully so that the arrangement of pages of text appears irregularly.

Furthermore, through content analysis, the writer reveals that the main topics of

these letters is the delivery of religious teachings from Eyang Hasan Maolani to

his families. The main topic is reflected in the three sub-topics. They are the

concept of seeking knowledge, the concept of worship, and scientific references;In this research, the writer discusses the letters written by Eyang Hasan Maolani

from his exile in Kampung Jawa, Tondano, which had been sent to his family in

Lengkong, Kuningan, West Java. The corpus of this research is a bundle of

photocopies of manuscripts that obtained from one of his descendants. The aims

of this study are presenting the editing text, translating the text to Bahasa, and

analyzing the content of the text.

In order to get the editing text, the writer applies the philological approach with

the 'critical edition' as the method which is present the editing text that is ready to

be read and is free from textual errors. As for analyzing the content of the text, the

intertextual approach has been applied. Through this approach, the writer had read

other texts related to the text of the letters.

The research concluded that 14 letters had been written by a Eyang Hasan

Maolani in the period 1854 to 1855. The conclusions appear on the writing of a

typical calendar system contained in his letters. In addition, through the editing

and the translation, we can see that the bundle of the letters had not been drafted

carefully so that the arrangement of pages of text appears irregularly.

Furthermore, through content analysis, the writer reveals that the main topics of

these letters is the delivery of religious teachings from Eyang Hasan Maolani to

his families. The main topic is reflected in the three sub-topics. They are the

concept of seeking knowledge, the concept of worship, and scientific references;In this research, the writer discusses the letters written by Eyang Hasan Maolani

from his exile in Kampung Jawa, Tondano, which had been sent to his family in

Lengkong, Kuningan, West Java. The corpus of this research is a bundle of

photocopies of manuscripts that obtained from one of his descendants. The aims

of this study are presenting the editing text, translating the text to Bahasa, and

analyzing the content of the text.

In order to get the editing text, the writer applies the philological approach with

the 'critical edition' as the method which is present the editing text that is ready to

be read and is free from textual errors. As for analyzing the content of the text, the

intertextual approach has been applied. Through this approach, the writer had read

other texts related to the text of the letters.

The research concluded that 14 letters had been written by a Eyang Hasan

Maolani in the period 1854 to 1855. The conclusions appear on the writing of a

typical calendar system contained in his letters. In addition, through the editing

and the translation, we can see that the bundle of the letters had not been drafted

carefully so that the arrangement of pages of text appears irregularly.

Furthermore, through content analysis, the writer reveals that the main topics of

these letters is the delivery of religious teachings from Eyang Hasan Maolani to

his families. The main topic is reflected in the three sub-topics. They are the

concept of seeking knowledge, the concept of worship, and scientific references, In this research, the writer discusses the letters written by Eyang Hasan Maolani

from his exile in Kampung Jawa, Tondano, which had been sent to his family in

Lengkong, Kuningan, West Java. The corpus of this research is a bundle of

photocopies of manuscripts that obtained from one of his descendants. The aims

of this study are presenting the editing text, translating the text to Bahasa, and

analyzing the content of the text.

In order to get the editing text, the writer applies the philological approach with

the 'critical edition' as the method which is present the editing text that is ready to

be read and is free from textual errors. As for analyzing the content of the text, the

intertextual approach has been applied. Through this approach, the writer had read

other texts related to the text of the letters.

The research concluded that 14 letters had been written by a Eyang Hasan

Maolani in the period 1854 to 1855. The conclusions appear on the writing of a

typical calendar system contained in his letters. In addition, through the editing

and the translation, we can see that the bundle of the letters had not been drafted

carefully so that the arrangement of pages of text appears irregularly.

Furthermore, through content analysis, the writer reveals that the main topics of

these letters is the delivery of religious teachings from Eyang Hasan Maolani to

his families. The main topic is reflected in the three sub-topics. They are the

concept of seeking knowledge, the concept of worship, and scientific references]"