Hasil Pencarian  ::  Simpan CSV :: Kembali

"ABSTRACT

This study aims to determine the effects of the use of financial derivatives in tax avoidance and earnings management. This study uses a cross-country analysis with the scope of ASEAN countries, consisting of Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia and Singapore. The findings show that the level of financial derivatives usage positively affects corporate tax avoidance. We also find that the effect of financial derivatives usage level on the level of tax avoidance is higher on companies using financial derivatives for speculation purpose as compared to companies using financial derivatives for hedging purpose. In addition, the level of financial derivatives usage for speculation purpose positively affects the degree of earnings management. This study expects to provide useful information for tax authorities regarding the possibility of companies using derivative financial instruments to facilitate tax avoidance practices. Improvements in tax regulations on derivatives transactions are expected to minimize the loopholes for companies who want to use financial derivatives as a means of tax avoidance; minimize the difficulties faced by tax authorities in understanding, detecting, and enforcing law on tax avoidance involving financial derivatives; minimize the potential loss of state revenue from the tax sector; and minimize conflict or dispute between tax authorities and tax payers."

"This research aims to examine the relationship between the level of tax avoidance and the quality of earnings proxied by the accrual-based earnings management and earnings persistence. In addition, this research also aims to examine if the relationship between the level of tax avoidance and accrual-based earnings management and earnings persistence depends on the tax environment of a country. This research uses a cross-country analysis with the scope of ASEAN countries, consisting of Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore. The result of this research indicates that the tax environment of a country affects the relationship between the level of tax avoidance and the accrual-based earnings management, but does not affect the relationship between the level of tax avoidance and earnings persistence."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji pengaruh book-tax differences dan struktur kepemilikan terhadap relevansi laba. Book-tax differences dibagi menjadi normal dan abnormal book tax differences. Struktur kepemilikan yang diuji adalah kepemilikan keluarga dan kepemilikan institusional. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan normal book tax differences tidak mempengaruhi relevansi laba, abnormal book tax differences signifikan berpengaruh negatif terhadap relevansi laba, kepemilikan keluarga dan institusional berpengaruh positif terhadap relevansi laba.

---

This study aimed to test the influence of book tax differences and family ownership structure on value relevance of earning. Book tax differences are seperated to be normal and abnormal book tax differences. Firm ownership structure that to be tested is family ownership and institutional ownership.

The results show that normal book tax differences do not have influence to value relevance of earning. Abnormal book tax differences have significant negative influence to value relevance of earning. Family ownership and institutional ownership have significant positive influence to value relevance of earning."

"Penelitian ini bertujuan menguji pengaruh dari penggunaan derivatif keuangan terhadap penghindaran pajak, manajemen laba akrual, persistensi laba, dan kekeliruan penilaian pasar. Selain itu, penelitian ini juga bertujuan untuk meneliti peran dari lingkungan pajak terhadap hubungan antara derivatif keuangan dan penghindaran pajak. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis lintas negara dengan lingkup negara-negara di ASEAN, yang terdiri dari: Filipina, Indonesia, Malaysia, dan Singapura.Dengan menggunakan analisis data panel yang diestimasi dengan teknik LSDV Least Square with Dummy Variable , dan sampel sebanyak 1395 firm-year yang merupakan perusahaan pengguna derivatif keuangan, hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan derivatif keuangan berpengaruh positif terhadap tingkat penghindaran pajak, yang mengindikasikan bahwa derivatif keuangan dapat dipergunakan sebagai alat penghindaran pajak.Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa lingkungan pajak di suatu negara mempengaruhi hubungan antara penggunaan derivatif keuangan dan aktivitas penghindaran pajak. Terdapat trade off antara penggunaan derivatif keuangan sebagai alat penghindaran pajak dengan fasilitas-fasilitas perpajakan yang diberikan oleh negara dengan lingkungan pajak yang kompetitif. Ketika penggunaan derivatif keuangan dikaitkan manajemen laba akrual, penelitian ini menemukan bahwa hubungan antara penggunaan derivatif keuangan tujuan lindung nilai dan besaran manajemen laba akrual bersifat substitusi, sedangkan hubungan antara penggunaan derivatif keuangan tujuan spekulasi dan besaran manajemen laba akrual bersifat komplementer.Hasil penelitian ini juga menunjukkan bahwa tujuan penggunaan derivatif keuangan tidak menyebabkan persistensi dari komponen-komponen laba berbeda antara perusahaan pengguna derivatif keuangan tujuan spekulasi dengan perusahaan pengguna derivatif keuangan tujuan lindung nilai. Terakhir, penelitian ini juga menemukan bahwa ekspekstasi laba yang tercermin dalam return saham pada perusahaan pengguna derivatif keuangan tujuan lindung nilai lebih mencerminkan perbedaan persistensi komponen arus kas operasi dari laba dibandingkan pada perusahaan pengguna derivatif keuangan tujuan spekulasi.

---

This study aims to examine the effects of financial derivatives on tax avoidance, accrual based earnings management, earnings persistence, and market mispricing. Furthermore, this study also aims to examine the role of the tax environment on the relationship between financial derivatives and tax avoidance. This study uses a cross country analysis with the scope of ASEAN countries which consists of the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore.By using panel data analysis that estimated by the LSDV Least Square with Dummy Variable technique and a sample of 1395 firm years of companies using financial derivatives, the results of this study show that the level of financial derivatives usage positively affects the level of tax avoidance, which indicate that financial derivatives can be used as a tax avoidance tool.Results of this study also show that a country rsquo s tax environment affects the relationship between the use of financial derivatives and tax avoidance activities. There is a trade off between the use of financial derivatives as a tax avoidance tool and tax facilities provided by the state with a competitive tax environment.When the use of financial derivatives is associated with the accrual based earnings management, this study finds that the relationship between the use of financial derivatives for hedging purposes and accrual based earnings management is substitutive, while the relationship between the use of financial derivatives for speculative purposes and accrual based earnings management is complementary.This study also shows that the purpose of financial derivatives usage does not cause any difference in the earnings persistence between companies using financial derivatives for hedging purposes and those using financial derivatives for speculative purposes. Finally, this study also shows that earnings expectations embedded in stock returns of financial derivatives users for hedging purposes reflect the difference in persistence of cash flow component more accurately as compared to financial derivatives users for speculative purposes."

"Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah menganalisis pengaruh manajemen laba terhadap agresivitas pajak yang dimoderasi oleh financial distress. Variabel independen dari penelitian ini adalah manajemen laba, variabel dependen dari penelitian ini adalah agresivitas pajak, dan variabel moderasi penelitian ini adalah financial distress. Proksi diskresi akrual yang digunakan untuk mengukur manajemen laba pada penelitian ini adalah Modified-Jones Model Kothari, 2005. Proksi mengukur agresivitas pajak adalah dengan menggunakan Book Tax Difference BTD dari penelitian Hanlon 2005. Untuk proksi moderasi financial distress menggunakan model Altman Z-Score dari penelitian Altman 2000. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah perusaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada periode 2012-2016. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa manajemen laba mempengaruhi agresivitas pajak secara signifikan. Financial distress dalam hubungan ini memperkuat hubungan antara manajemen laba dengan agresivitas pajak.

---

The purpose of this study is to analyze the influence of earning management on tax aggresiveness with financial distress as moderating variable. The independent variable of this studyis earning management, the dependent variable of this study is tax aggresiveness, and moderating variabel of this study is financial distress. Discretionary accrual as earning management proxy measured by Modified Jones Model Kothari, 2005. Proxy tax aggresiveness measured by Book Tax Difference BTD from Hanlons research 2005. Tha samples used for this research were manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange in the period 2012 2016. The test result in this research shows that earnings management affects tax aggressiveness significantly. Financial distress in this research strengthens the effect of earnings management in tax aggressiveness."

"This study investigate the association between the level of financial derivatives use and the level of tax avoidance, and whether this association differs between the users of financial derivatives for speculation purposes and the users of financial derivative for hedging purposes. Using a cross-country analysis which covering four countries in the ASEAN region (ie: the Philippines, Indonesia, Malaysia, and Singapore), we find that there is a positive association between the level of financial derivative use and the level of tax avoidance. This finding indicates that financial derivative can be used as a tool of tax avoidance activities. When we classified the users of financial derivatives into two categories (ie, the users of financial derivative for hedging purposes and the users of financial derivatives for speculation purposes), we find that positive association between the level of financial derivative use and the level of tax avoidance is higher in the user of financial derivatives for speculation purposes rather than the user of financial derivatives for hedging purposes. This research is expected to provide suggestion for the tax authorities to determine the direction of future policy, for example, set a clear tax regulation regarding the tax treatment of financial derivatives transactions. Improvement of tax regulations on derivative transactions are expected to: (i) minimize the loophole for companies that want to use financial derivatives as a tool of tax avoidance; (ii) minimize the loss of government revenues from taxes side; and (iii) minimize the disputes between tax authorities and taxpayers."

"Penelitian bertujuan menguji kemungkinan terjadinya financial distress melalui terjadinya fraud. Pengujian hipotesis dilakukan dengan menggunakan metode regresi logistik dengan menggunakan data perusahaan yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) dari tahun 2009 sampai dengan 2013. Model untuk menguji kemungkinan terjadinya fraud menggunakan data perusahaan yang terkena sanksi dari Otoritas Jasa Keuanganpada tahun 2009 sampai dengan 2013. Hasil penelitian membuktikan bahwa manajemen laba meningkatkan kemungkinan perusahaan melakukan fraud. Selain itu, penelitian membuktikan bahwa fraud tidak berpengaruh terhadap terjadinya financial distress.

---

The purpose of this research is to analyze probability of financial distress through fraud. Hypothesis testing is performed by using regression logistic methods using the data of listed companies in Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) from 2009 to 2013. Models to test the probability of fraud ulent use of corporate data to be sanctioned from Otoritas Jasa Keuangan in 2009 to 2013. The result of this study shows that earnings management increases the probability of fraud action. In addition, the study doesn?t proves that it increases the probability of financial distress."

"Penelitian ini menguji pengaruh manajemen laba tahun sebelumnya terhadap biaya jasa audit tahun ini yang dibayarkan oleh perusahaan pada lima negara di ASEAN. Manajemen laba yang dilakukan oleh perusahaan meningkatkan risiko audit yang dihadapi oleh auditor. Berdasarkan hasil model regresi atas 5.396 tahun perusahaan, terdiri dari perusahaan yang tercatat di Indonesia, Malaysia, Filipina, Singapura, dan Thailand, terdapat hubungan positif signifikan discretionary accruals, sebagai proksi manajemen laba, pada tahun sebelumnya terhadap biaya jasa audit tahun ini.

---

This study examined the effect of earnings management in the previous year on audit fee paid by companies in five countries in ASEAN. Earnings management performed by the company increased audit risk faced by auditors. Based on sample of 5.396 firm-year during 2010-2014, comprised of the companies listed in Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand, the results provide strong evidence for a positive relationship between absolute level of discretionary accruals, as a proxy of earnings management, in the previous year positive and the level of audit fee in the current year."

"Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menguji dan menganalisis pengaruh struktur kepemilikan perusahaan, manajemen laba, dan tata kelola perusahaan terhadap penghindaran pajak, serta untuk mencari tau apakah terdapat efek moderasi dari tata kelola perusahaan terhadap pengaruh struktur kepemilikan perusahaan, dan manajemen laba pada penghindaran pajak. Sampel yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah 68 perusahaan manufaktur yang terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia pada tahun 2011 sampai dengan tahun 2013 dengan total observasi sebanyak 204 perusahaan. Hasil dari penelitian ini, yaitu pertama, struktur kepemilikan perusahaan tidak terbukti mempengaruhi penghindaran pajak. Kedua, manajemen laba berpengaruh positif terhadap penghindaran pajak. Ketiga, tata kelola perusahaan yang baik berpengaruh negatif terhadap penghindaran pajak. Keempat, terdapat efek moderasi dari tata kelola perusahaan yang baik yang memperlemah pengaruh positif manajemen laba terhadap penghindaran pajak. Terakhir, tidak terdapat efek moderasi dari tata kelola perusahaan yang baik terhadap pengaruh struktur kepemilikan perusahaan pada penghindaran pajak.

---

This research aims to analyze the effect of corporate ownership, earnings management, and corporate governance on tax avoidance. This study also examines moderating effects of corporate governance on the impact of corporate ownership, and earnings management on tax avoidance. Sample used are 68 manufacturing companies listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange for period of 2011 until 2013 with total observation of 204 firms.

The results of this research are: first, corporate ownership has no effect on tax avoidance. Second, earnings management have a positive effect on tax avoidance. Third, good corporate governance practice have a negative effect on tax avoidance. Fourth, there is a moderating effect of good corporate governance on the positive effect of earnings management on tax avoidance. And last, there is no moderating effect of good corporate governance on the positive effect of corporate ownership on tax avoidance."

"Skripsi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pengaruh struktur kepemilikan terhadap manajemen laba pada perusahaan non keuangan yang terdaftar di BEI periode 2006-2013. Proksi struktur kepemilikan adalah dengan menggunakan komposisi saham dari kepemilikan manajerial, konsentrasi kepemilikan, dan kepemilikan institusi. Proksi dari manajemen laba adalah Discretionary Accrual (Modified Jones). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan menggunakan regresi berganda. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa kepemilikan manajerial dan konsentrasi kepemilikan berpengaruh secara positif dan signifikan terhadap manajemen laba. Sedangkan kepemilikan institusi tidak memberikan pengaruh signifikan terhadap manajemen laba.

---

The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of ownership structure on earning management of non-financial listed firm in Indonesia Stock Exchange from year 2006 to 2013. The proxy of ownership structure is using composition of stock owned by managerial, concentration ownership, and institutional. The proxy of earning management is Discretionary Accrual (Modified Jones). This research is quantitative and using multivariate regression. This research finds that managerial ownership and ownership concentration have positive and significant relations with earning management. However, institutional ownership has no significant relation with earning management."