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"ABSTRAKIndonesia masih menjadi salah satu negara yang memiliki beban TB tertinggi didunia. Sebagai ibukota negara, keberhasilan pengobatan TB di DKI Jakarta masihcukup rendah. Anak-anak adalah salah satu populasi rentan terhadap penyebarankuman TB. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui faktor yang palingmempengaruhi kepatuhan pengobatan TB anak. Metode yang dipakai adalahdeskriptif analitik dengan pendekatan potong lintang. Studi ini memberikangambaran bahwa variabel keyakinan menjadi faktor yang paling mempengaruhikepatuhan pengobatan TB pada anak (p value 0,001; α=0.05; OR 8,02) setelahdikontrol oleh variabel lama pengobatan TB, Pengawas Menelan Obat (PMO),tahapan perkembangan kognitif anak, perilaku koping, memori, regimenpengobatan, komunikasi dengan penyedia layanan kesehatan, dukungan sosial danakses ke fasilitas kesehatan. Penelitian ini dapat menjadi sumber informasi dalammemberikan asuhan keperawatan pada anak dengan pengobatan TB.

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ABSTRACTDeterminant of compliance TB treatment in children in the Provincial of DKIJakarta. Indonesia still remains to be one of the countries with the highest TBburden in the world. As the state capital, the success of TB treatment in DKIJakarta is still quite low. Children are one of the most vulnerable populations tothe spread of TB germs. This study aims to determine the factors that mostinfluence TB child treatment adherence. The method used is descriptive analysiswith cross sectional approach. This study illustrates that belief are the mostinfluencing factors of TB treatment adherence in children (p value 0,001; α=0.05;OR 8,02) after controlled by long-term treatment of TB, medicine observer,cognitive developments stages, coping behaviour, memory, treatment regimens,communication with health care providers, social support and access to healthfacilities. This study can be the reference to provide nursing intervention inchildren with TB treatment."

"[ABSTRAKTuberkulosis Paru yang disebabkan oleh bakteri Mycobacterium Tuberculosis masih menjadi masalah kesehatan serius yang dialami oleh beberapa negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia.Global Report WHO 2010 mencatat Indonesia merupakan negara penyumbang kasus TB Paru terbesar kelima di dunia setelah India, Cina, Afrika Selatan dan Nigeria.Kepatuhan minum obat teratur merupakan faktor pendukung dalam mencapaikesembuhan.Tesis ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui Analisis Faktor-Faktor Yang Berhubungan Terhadap Kepatuhan Pasien Tuberculosis Paru Tahap Lanjutan Untuk Minum Obat Di RS Rumah Sehat Terpadu Tahun 2015.Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian mix methodsecara kuantitatif dengan desain cross sectional dan kualitatif. Sampel terdiri dari 70 penderita TB Paru yang berobat di Rumah Sakit Rumah Sehat Terpadu Dompet Dhuafa, dan informan yang terdiri dari kepala pelayanan medis, Dokter spesialis Paru, Dokter Umum penanggung jawab TB, dan perawat TB. Data dikumpulkan dengan wawancara menggunakan kuesionerHasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa faktor yang berhubungan dengan kepatuhan pasien TB Paru minum obat adalahadalah persepsi tentang TB (OR=37,712) dan efek samping (OR= 22,339) terhadap Kepatuhan pasien TB Paru untuk minum obat di RS RST Dompet Dhuafa.

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ABSTRACTPulmonary tuberculosis caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium Tuberculosis remains a serious public health problem experienced by several developing countries including Indonesia. WHO Global Report 2010 noted contributor to Indonesia is the country's fifthlargest pulmonary TB cases in the world after India, China, South Africa and Nigeria.This thesis aims to determine the factors that associated compliance patien lung Tuberculosis to swallowing drug at Rumah Sehat Terpadu Dompet Dhuafa Hospital 2015.This study used mix method approach with is quantitative analytic cross sectional design and qualitative indepth interviews. The sample consisted of 70 patient lung tuberculosis who treatment at Rumah Sakit Terpadu hospital. The results showed that the factors associated compliance lung Tuberculosis to swallowing drug Rumah Sehat Terpadu Dompet Dhuafa Hospital is percepsion about TB (OR = 37,712) and side effect (OR = 22,339), at Rumah Sakit Terpadu hospital;Pulmonary tuberculosis caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium Tuberculosis remains a serious public health problem experienced by several developing countries including Indonesia. WHO Global Report 2010 noted contributor to Indonesia is the country's fifthlargest pulmonary TB cases in the world after India, China, South Africa and Nigeria.This thesis aims to determine the factors that associated compliance patien lung Tuberculosis to swallowing drug at Rumah Sehat Terpadu Dompet Dhuafa Hospital 2015.This study used mix method approach with is quantitative analytic cross sectional design and qualitative indepth interviews. The sample consisted of 70 patient lung tuberculosis who treatment at Rumah Sakit Terpadu hospital. The results showed that the factors associated compliance lung Tuberculosis to swallowing drug Rumah Sehat Terpadu Dompet Dhuafa Hospital is percepsion about TB (OR = 37,712) and side effect (OR = 22,339), at Rumah Sakit Terpadu hospital, Pulmonary tuberculosis caused by the bacteria Mycobacterium Tuberculosis remains a serious public health problem experienced by several developing countries including Indonesia. WHO Global Report 2010 noted contributor to Indonesia is the country's fifthlargest pulmonary TB cases in the world after India, China, South Africa and Nigeria.This thesis aims to determine the factors that associated compliance patien lung Tuberculosis to swallowing drug at Rumah Sehat Terpadu Dompet Dhuafa Hospital 2015.This study used mix method approach with is quantitative analytic cross sectional design and qualitative indepth interviews. The sample consisted of 70 patient lung tuberculosis who treatment at Rumah Sakit Terpadu hospital. The results showed that the factors associated compliance lung Tuberculosis to swallowing drug Rumah Sehat Terpadu Dompet Dhuafa Hospital is percepsion about TB (OR = 37,712) and side effect (OR = 22,339), at Rumah Sakit Terpadu hospital]"

"Tuberkulosis sensitif obat (TB SO) adalah penyakit infeksius yang utamanya disebabkan Mycobacterium tuberculosis tanpa bukti strain resisten terhadap Rifampisin dan Isoniazid. Pada tahun 2022, WHO menerima jumlah kasus baru TB paling banyak yang pernah dilaporkan (7,5 juta kasus) dan Indonesia menyusun kasus TB paling banyak kedua dari total kasus (10% kasus). Faktor-faktor yang mempengaruhi kepatuhan minum OAT harus ditelaah untuk meningkatkan keberhasilan pengobatan OAT. Tujuan penelitian adalah menganalisis kepatuhan pengobatan dan faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya secara signifikan terkait regimen TB SO di Rumah Sakit Universitas Indonesia (RS UI).  Desain studi yang digunakan adalah cross-sectional menggunakan data rekam medis pasien TB SO di RS UI dalam periode 2 tahun (1 Januari 2022–31 Desember 2023). Kepatuhan dihitung dengan proportion of days covered (PDC) dan hubungan antarvariabel dianalisis dengan Fisher’s Exact Test, dilanjutkan dengan analisis regresi logistik multivariat untuk mengontrol pengaruh variabel-variabel penelitian. Hasil penelitian menemukan bahwa dari 103 pasien TB SO rawat jalan di RS UI, 94 pasien tergolong memiliki kepatuhan tinggi (PDC ≥90%), 8 pasien tergolong memiliki kepatuhan moderat (PDC 80–89%), dan hanya 1 pasien tergolong tidak patuh (PDC <80%). Hasil uji Fisher’s Exact Test menggambarkan hubungan signifikan antara jenis kelamin dan kepatuhan (p = 0,044). Analisis regresi logistik multivariat menunjukkan bahwa berdasarkan Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), pasien tanpa derajat keparahan komorbiditas 8,3 kali lebih patuh dalam penggunaan obat dibandingkan pasien dengan derajat keparahan komorbiditas berat (aOR = 8,305; 95% CI 1,056—65,286; p = 0,044). Kesimpulan penelitian adalah derajat keparahan komorbiditas pasien berhubungan signifikan secara statistik terhadap kepatuhan pengobatan.

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Drug sensitive tuberculosis (DS TB) is an infectious disease mainly caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis without proof of strain resistance against Rifampicin and Isoniazid. In 2022, WHO received the highest number of TB new cases ever reported (7,5 million cases) and Indonesia comprised the second most out of total cases (10% of cases). Factors associated with anti-tuberculosis drugs adherence should be analyzed to increase TB treatment success rate. The purpose of the study is to analyze medication adherence and the factors significantly associated with DS TB regimen in the University of Indonesia Hospital (RS UI). The study design used is cross-sectional using medical record data of DS TB patients in RS UI within a 2 year period (1 January 2022–31 December 2023). Adherence is measured with proportion of days covered (PDC) and the relationship between variables is analyzed using Fisher’s Exact Test, continued with multivariate logistic regression to control the effect of study variables. This study found that within 103 DS TB outpatients in RS UI, 94 patients had high adherence (PDC ≥90%), 8 patients had moderate adherence (PDC 80–89%), and only 1 patient was classified as non-adherent (PDC <80%). Fisher’s Exact Test showed a significant relationship between gender and adherence (p = 0,044). Multivariate logistic regression analysis found that based on Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), group with no degree of comorbidity severity is 8,3 times more likely to adhere in taking medications than group with severe degree of comorbidity (aOR = 8,305; 95% CI 1,056—65,286; p = 0,044). This study concluded that severity of comorbidity has a statistically significant relationship with medication adherence."

"ABSTRAKTuberkulosis paru adalah salah satu penyakit menular yang membutuhkan pengobatan yang panjang. Ketidakpatuhan pengobatan dapat menyebabkan TB resisten obat. Ketidaktahuan masyarakat dan persepsi yang salah tentang penyakit dan pengobatannya dapat menimbulkan stigma. Tujuan penelitian untuk mengetahui hubungan antara stigma pasien TB paru terhadap kepatuhan minum OAT. Penelitian ini menggunakan studi kuantitatif korelasi dengan pendekatan cross sectional. Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan non convenience sampling dengan jumlah sampel 100 responden. Variabel independen menggunakan instrumen kuesioner 8-Stigma Scale dengan 8 pertanyaan seputar stigma, variabel dependen menggunakan kuesioner kepatuhan yang sudah digunakan sebelumnya. Kedua kuesioner tersebut sudah di uji validitas dan reliabilitasnya dan dinyatakan valid dan reliabel. Uji analisis data menggunakan chi square. Hasil penelitian terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara stigma pasien TB paru terhadap kepatuhan minum OAT P value = 0,025 ; OR 0,332 . Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat menjadi bahan rekomendasi untuk memberikan pendidikan kesehatan tentang stigma TB dan dapat meningkatkan kepatuhan dan efikasi diri pasien TB.

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ABSTRACTTuberculosis is an airborne infectious disease that requires a long treatment. Noncompliance with medication may result TB drugs resistant. TB patients are commonly stigmatized due to inadequate knowledge concerning TB disease. The purpose of the study was to investigate the relationship between stigma of pulmonary TB patients and patient rsquo s drugs compliance. This study used quantitative correlational study with cross sectional approach. A convenience sample of 100 patients was involved in this study. The independent variable used the 8 Stigma Scale questionnaire instrument with 8 questions about stigma, dependent variable used compliance questionnaire that has been tested. Both questionniare has been tested the validity and reliability and declared valid and reliable. The data were analyzed using chi square. The result of the study showed significant correlation between stigma of pulmonary TB patients and TB drugs medication compliance P value 0,025 OR 0,332 . This study was expected to be a recomendation to provide health education about TB stigma and then improve compliance and self efficacy of pulmonary TB patient."

"MDR-TB menjadi masalah yang penting di Indonesia karena besarnya angka kematian dan morbiditas. Dengan mencari tahu alasan perkembangan tuberculosis menjadi MDR-TB, insidensi dari penyakit mematikan ini dapat dikurangi. Pengumpulan data dilakukan di RS Persahabatan dalam jangka waktu dari Desember 2009 sampai Agustus 2010 dan bertujuan untuk mengukur angka kepatuhan dalam pengobatan tuberculosis primer dan efek dari pembagian OAT secara gratis terhadap kepatuhan pasien. Pasien MDR-TB akan diwawancara secara retrospektif untuk mencari tahu derajat kepatuhan mereka saat pengobatan primer dulu. Hasil wawancara menunjukkan bahwa 46% dari pasien MDR-TB tidak mematuhi regimen pengobatan primer dulu. Angka ini jauh lebih buruk dari data tuberculosis pada umumnya. Hasil juga menyimpulkan bahwa hubungan antara pembagian obat secara gratis dan kepatuhan pasien sebagai non-signifikan.

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The problem of Multi-Drug Resistant Tuberculosis in Indonesia is of high importance due to its high mortality and morbidity rate. Finding clues as to how MDR-TB develops from susceptible strains of TB will help Indonesia in eliminating the menace that is MDR-TB. Data collection is done in RS Persahabatan, Jakarta during the period of December 2009 until August 2010, and aims to measure the rate of compliance in the primary TB treatment of confirmed MDR-TB patients. The study also looks at the effect of free medication on patient compliance. Interview sessions will be set for MDR-TB patients to look in retrospect towards their primary TB treatment. Results show that 46% of patients did not comply in their primary treatment, a lot higher than normal. It also proves of the relationship between compliance and the accessibility of free drugs to be non-significant."

"Penyakit tuberculosis (TB) telah dinyatakan sebagai salah satu permasalahan kesehatan dunia oleh WHO semenjak tahun 1993, danjumlahpenderita tuberkulosis kian meningkat setiap tahunnya. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, agen penyebab dari penyakit tuberkulosis telah bermutasi menjadi strain resistant erhadap lebih dari satu obat antituberkulosis, yang melahirkan sebuah penyakit yang disebut Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). Studi ini bermaksud mengetahui pengaruh usia dan status pekerjaan pada pasien MDR-TB selama pengobatan inisial TB terhadap kepatuhan pasien dalam pengobatan. Data diambil di RS Persahabatan Jakarta (n=50), pada bulan Desember 2009 hingga Agustus 2010 dengan metode cross sectional. Sample diperoleh dengan metode convenient sampling method. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa 34% pasien berusia 16-20 tahun dan 70% pasien memiliki pekerjaan saat pengobatan TB pertama, serta baik usia pasien maupun status pekerjaan pasien tidak ada hubungan yang signifikan dengan kepatuhan pasien.

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Tuberculosis (TB) disease has been declared as a global emergency according to WHO since 1993 and the number of the people who become infected with this disease keeps increasing throughout the year. Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the causative agent of tuberculosis disease has mutated to be resistant to more than one antituberculosis drug, leading to a disease called Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis (MDR-TB). This study aims to measure the influence between age and employment status during primary TB treatment and the development towards MDR-TB in relation to patient compliance. Data is collected in Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta (n=50) on December 2009 until August 2010, using cross sectional method. Samples are obtained using convenient sampling method. The result shows that 34% patients were 16-20 years old and 70% patients were employed during their primary TB treatment, and neither age nor employment status has a significant association with patient compliance."

"Kemunculan dari MDR-TB telah menjadi masalah kesehatan yang penting dan mengancam kontrol TB sedunia. Beberapa faktor resiko dihubungkan dengan perkembangan MDR-TB pada pasien yang pernah menjalani pengobatan TB, termasuk kepatuhan pasien meneruskan pengobatan. Penilitian ini ditujukan untuk mencari bagaimana kepatuhan pasien MDR-TB meneruskan pengobatan sewaktu pengobatan TB yang pertama kali. Selain itu hubungan dengan kepatuhan pasien makan obat sesuai jadwal juga diteliti. Penilitian ini menggunakan metode cross sectional dengan mewawancarai pasien MDR-TB di RS Persahabatan, Jakarta selama bulan Desember 2009 sampai Agustus 2010 (n=50). Hasil menunjukan bahwa mayoritas pasien patuh meneruskan pengobatan terhadap pengobatan TB yang pertama kali. Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa tidak adanya hubungan antara kepatuhan pasien meneruskan pengobatan dan kepatuhan pasien makan obat sesuai jadwal sewaktu pengobatan TB yang pertama kali.

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The emergence of MDR-TB has become an important health issue and threatens TB control worldwide. Various risk factors are identified to contribute the development of MDR-TB from previous TB treatment, including patient adherence. This study aims to find out how the MDR-TB patient adherence during their primary TB treatment. In addition, the association with patient compliance is analyzed. This is a cross-sectional study by interview to MDR-TB patients in Persahabatan Hospital, Jakarta during December 2009 until August 2010 (n=50). Results show that majority of the patients adhere to their primary TB treatment. This study finds there is no association between patient adherence and compliance during primary TB treatment."

"Kepatuhan pasien dalam melakukan pengobatan merupakan salah satu faktor yang menentukan dalam keberhasilan terapi, namun kepatuhan untuk melakukan pengobatan oleh pasien sering kali rendah, termasuk pada pengobatan tuberkulosis (TB) paru. Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi kepatuhan berobat penderita tuberkulosis paru di Puskesmas Kecamatan Pancoran Mas Depok. Desain penelitian menggunakan studi potong lintang dengan 76 responden. Pengambilan data melalui wawancara langsung menggunakan kuesioner dengan metode consecutive sampling. Sampel adalah penderita TB paru berusia minimal 15 tahun yang telah minum obat minimal selama 2 bulan dan datang berobat pada bulan Februari-April 2011. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat 43% responden yang patuh terhadap pengobatan tuberkulosis paru. Ada hubungan antara jarak dan peran keluarga/ pengawas menelan obat (PMO) dengan kepatuhan berobat penderita TB paru, tetapi tidak ada hubungan antara factor sosiodemografis (jenis kelamin, usia, pendidikan, pekerjaan, jumlah pendapatan keluarga per bulan), pengetahuan, efek samping obat, riwayat penyakit lain, ketersediaan transportasi dan peran petugas tuberkulosis di puskesmas dengan kepatuhan berobat penderita tuberkulosis paru di Puskesmas Kecamatan Pancoran Mas Depok. Studi menunjukkan tingginya angka ketidakpatuhan berobat pada penderita tuberkulosis paru. Oleh karena itu, peran keluarga/ PMO dalam mengawasi pengobatan perlu ditingkatkan sehingga penyebaran penyakit dan meluasnya resistensi bakteri dapat dicegah.

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Compliance of patients in making treatment is one factor that determines the success of therapy, but adherence to treatment by patients is often low, including in the treatment of tuberculosis (TB). The study aims to evaluate treatment compliance of patients with pulmonary tuberculosis in Pancoran Mas Depok District Health Center. Design research using cross sectional study with 76 respondents. Retrieval of data through direct interviews using a questionnaire with a consecutive sampling method. Samples were pulmonary TB patients at least 15 years old who had been taking medication for at least two months and come for treatment in February-April 2011. The results showed that there were 43% of respondents who adhere to the treatment of pulmonary tuberculosis. There is a relationship between the distance and family's role/ supervisor-medication (PMO) with pulmonary TB patient treatment compliance, but there is no relationship between sosiodemografis factors (sex, age, education, occupation, total family income per month), knowledge, drug side effects, history of other diseases, avaibility of transport, and the role of the tuberculosis officer at the health center with pulmonary TB patient treatment compliance in Pancoran Mas Depok District Health Center. Studies show high rates of medication adherence in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Therefore, the role of family / PMO in monitoring the treatment needs to be improved so that the spread of disease and spread of bacterial resistance can be prevented."

"Penyakit tuberculosis (TB) dewasa ini masih merupakan masalah kesehatan masyarakat khususnya di negara-negara berkembang termasuk Indonesia. Untuk mengatasi permasalahan tersebut, pemerintah telah melakukan strategi DOTS (Directly Observed Treatment Short Course) yang merupakan komitmen internasional. Namun demikian dalam pelaksanaannya masih ditemukan hambatan, misalnya masih tingginya kegagalan pengobatan sebagaimana yang dihadapi Kabupaten Bandung. Penderita dinyatakan gagal pengobatan apabila hasil pemeriksaan ulang dahak pada satu bulan sebelum akhir pengobatan atau pada akhir pengobatan dahaknya tetap positif. Sebaliknya apabila hasilnya negatif, dapat dinyatakan sembuh.Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh perilaku kepatuhan mengambil obat pada penderita TB paru BTA(+) dengan pengobatan kategori I terhadap kegagalan pengobatan dan pengaruh kovariat lainnya (persediaan obat anti tuberculosis, persepsi responden terhadap jarak rumah dengan Puskesmas, penilaian responden terhadap pelayanan petugas, peranan pengawas menelan obat dan persepsi responden terhadap efek samping obat) terhadap kegagalan pengobatan di Kabupaten Bandung tahun 1999-2000.Alat ukur yang digunakan untuk mengukur perilaku kepatuhan mengambil obat menggunakan kartu pengobatan (TB.01), untuk mengukur kovariat lainnya menggunakan kuesioner, sedangkan untuk mengukur status gagal dan sembuh menggunakan data sekunder (TB 03) berdasarkan laporan hasil pemeriksaan laboratorium dari PPM dan PRM.Jenis disain penelitian ini adalah studi kasus kontrol, dengan besar sampel berjumlah 266 responden terdiri dan 133 kasus (penderita yang dinyatakan gagal dalam pengobatannya) dan 133 kontrol (penderita yang dinyatakan sembuh). Baik kelompok kasus maupun kontrol diidentifikasi melalui pemeriksaan mikroskopis di puskesmas. Berdasarkan analisis multivariat dengan regresi logistik menunjukkan bahwa perilaku kepatuhan mengambil obat setelah dikontrol oleh kovariat persepsi responden terhadap jarak rumah dengan Puskesmas, peranan PMO dan persepsi responden terhadap efek samping obat berpengaruh signifikan terhadap kegagalan pengobatan OR=7,422 (95% CI;4,034-13,657).Guna meningkatkan upaya penanggulangan TB, penelitian ini menyarankan bahwa perlu mengoptimalkan kemampuan petugas kesehatan dalam memberikan motivasi kepada penderita, melibatkan lembaga yang terdekat dengan masyarakat misalnya RT/RW, mengoptimalkan peranan PMO, dan upaya khusus lainnya guna menemukan OAT yang dapat menekan sekecil mungkin risiko efek samping yang ditimbulkan oleh OAT.

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Behavioral Analysis of Compliance of Pulmonary Tuberculosis Diseases with Bacterial Resistance (+) Patients to Take Drug with Medication Category I to the Medication Failure in Public Health Center Bandung Regency 1999-2000Tuberculosis diseases (TB) today still represents the problem of health of society specially in developing countries include in Indonesia. To overcome the problem, government has conducted DOTS strategy (Directly Observed Treatment Short Course) representing international commitment However in its execution still found hindrances, for example still the high failure of medication as faced by Bandung regency.The patients stated to be failed in medication if result of phlegm reexamining in one month before the end of medication or by the end of medication of his phlegm remains to be positive. On the contrary if its result to be negative, can be expressed to recover. The target of this research is to know behavioral influence of compliance of pulmonary tuberculosis diseases with acid bacterial resistance (+) patients to take drug with medication category I to the failure medication and other covariant influences (supply of anti tuberculosis, respondents perception to the distance of home to public health center, the respondents judge toward officer service, the role of supervisor to take the drug and respondent's perception to the drug side effects) to failure of medication in Bandung regency in 1999-2000.Measuring instrument used to measure the compliance behavior to take drug using medication card (TB.01), to measure other covariate using questioner, while to measure failure and recover status to use secondary data (TB.03) pursuant to report result of assessment of laboratory from PPM and PRM.The type design of this research is control case study, with the sample amount to 266 respondents consist of 133 cases (expressed patients failed in their medication) and 133 control (expressed patient recovered). Whether case group and control identified through microscopic assessment in public health center.Pursuant to multivariate analysis with logistic regression shows that compliance behavior to take drug after controlled by respondent's perception covariate to the house distance with public health center, PMO role and respondent's perception to drug side effects have an significant effect to failure of medication OR =7,422 (95% CI: 4,034-13,657).In order to improve TB handling effort, this research suggests that require to maximize the ability of health officer in giving motivation to patient involves closest institutes with society for example RT/RW, to maximize PMO role, and other special efforts in order to find OAT that could depress as small as possible of side effects risk generated by OAT."

"[ABSTRAKTuberkulosis (TB) paru anak merupakan masalah kesehatan global yangterabaikan (neglected), terlebih dengan proporsi 7,32% dari seluruh kasus TB diIndonesia (Balitbangkes, 2013). TB paru anak selalu diakibatkan oleh infeksi TBdari populasi di lingkungan sekitar, khususnya adanya orang dewasa yg sakit TBserumah. Namun, tidak selalu TB paru dewasa mampu menularkan kesakitan padaanak serumah. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji faktor-faktor yang didugamenurunkan risiko anak tidak sakit TB paru ketika tinggal serumah denganpenderita dewasa. Metode dengan desain kasus kontrol berdasarkan data rekammedis di sembilan rumah sakit rujukan TB anak dan puskesmas di ProvinsiDaerah Istimewa Yogyakarta (DIY). Kondisi hunian khususnya kamar tidur yangbaik dan intensitas paparan TB paru dewasa yang jarang serta di pengaruhikondisi variabel lain merupakan faktor yang dapat melindungi anak agar tetapsehat meskipun kontak dengan penderita TB paru dewasa serumah;

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ABSTRACTTB disease in children is a global health problem that still neglected, moreoverwith 7,32% proportion of TB cases at Indonesia (Balitbangkes, 2013). Childrenwith TB disease is most always impacted from TB infection at environmentpopulation especially from adult TB household contacts. However, children notalways get the disease as bad as TB adult then. The objective of this study was tofind protective factors that can keep healthy children who had adult TB householdcontacts. A case-control study conducted at nine referred hospital of TB childrenand several health centers based on medical records at Special Region ofYogyakarta Province. The study found that healthy houses, especially withhealthy bedroom and fewer exposures with adult TB in order influenced byconfounders variables. Those variables were reduced the risk of childhood TBdisease eventhough they exposed with adult TB in their environment;TB disease in children is a global health problem that still neglected, moreoverwith 7,32% proportion of TB cases at Indonesia (Balitbangkes, 2013). Childrenwith TB disease is most always impacted from TB infection at environmentpopulation especially from adult TB household contacts. However, children notalways get the disease as bad as TB adult then. The objective of this study was tofind protective factors that can keep healthy children who had adult TB householdcontacts. A case-control study conducted at nine referred hospital of TB childrenand several health centers based on medical records at Special Region ofYogyakarta Province. The study found that healthy houses, especially withhealthy bedroom and fewer exposures with adult TB in order influenced byconfounders variables. Those variables were reduced the risk of childhood TBdisease eventhough they exposed with adult TB in their environment, TB disease in children is a global health problem that still neglected, moreoverwith 7,32% proportion of TB cases at Indonesia (Balitbangkes, 2013). Childrenwith TB disease is most always impacted from TB infection at environmentpopulation especially from adult TB household contacts. However, children notalways get the disease as bad as TB adult then. The objective of this study was tofind protective factors that can keep healthy children who had adult TB householdcontacts. A case-control study conducted at nine referred hospital of TB childrenand several health centers based on medical records at Special Region ofYogyakarta Province. The study found that healthy houses, especially withhealthy bedroom and fewer exposures with adult TB in order influenced byconfounders variables. Those variables were reduced the risk of childhood TBdisease eventhough they exposed with adult TB in their environment]"